Novel hybrid power energy adjusting transmission system applying super capacitor

Abstract

The invention provides a novel hybrid power energy adjusting transmission system applying a super capacitor, and belongs to the technical field of engineering vehicle power transmission. The system comprises an engine, a charging and discharging integrated motor, a super capacitor, two planetary gear sets and a transmission shaft. The two planetary gear sets comprise the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set, the first planetary gear set comprises a first sun gear, a first planet carrier and a first gear ring, the first planet carrier is connected with an engine, and the first gear ring is connected with a transmission shaft through a gear; the second planetary gear set is composed of a second sun gear, a second planet carrier and a second gear ring, the second sun gear is connected with the engine through the transmission shaft, and the second planet carrier is connected with the charging and discharging integrated motor. By the adoption of the novel hybrid power energy adjusting transmission system applying the super capacitor, the problems that in the prior art, the efficient operation interval of an engine is not fully utilized, system power output is poor, and the economical efficiency of vehicle fuel is low can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engineering vehicle power transmission, and in particular to a novel hybrid power energy regulating transmission system using a supercapacitor. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of engineering vehicles, they need to cope with changeable and complex working conditions, and the engine's output power is efficiently transmitted to the wheels through the transmission system. During operation, engineering vehicles often need to provide a large amount of power instantly to cope with sudden load changes or rapid acceleration, which places higher demands on the response speed and energy management of the power system. Traditional engine transmission systems usually achieve optimal operating efficiency near the designed power point, but the frequent fluctuations in vehicle power demand during actual driving cause the engine operating point to often deviate from its optimal efficiency range, resulting in increased engine fuel consumption.

[0003] The patent with publication number CN111890916A discloses a single planetary gear hybrid system and working method, and its main components include an engine, a power output driving gear, an inner ring gear, a planet carrier, a planetary gear, a sun gear, a first motor, a braking system, a second motor, a differential, a main reduction driven gear, a second motor power output gear, an intermediate gear, a power output intermediate shaft, and a main reduction driving gear. When the vehicle is in a high-speed working condition, the generator connected to the planetary gear sun gear can be braked to use all the power of the engine to drive the vehicle, thereby realizing a parallel hybrid mode suitable for high-speed operation of the engine and another motor. According to the single planetary gear hybrid system, four working modes can be switched: pure electric drive based on the second motor (EV mode), a hybrid mode with engine power diversion (HEV mode), parallel operation of the engine and the second motor (P2 mode), and a stationary parking power generation mode (PG mode). Under high-speed working conditions, the single planetary gear structure makes the switching between the engine and the motor not always completely smooth, and the processes such as generator braking and power diversion may lead to a decrease in overall efficiency. Under low-speed and high-torque conditions, in a single planetary gear system, the power distribution between the electric motor and the internal combustion engine may not be sufficient to ensure the smoothness and responsiveness of the system under low-speed conditions, especially in scenarios that require frequent acceleration and deceleration, which may appear to be insufficiently powerful. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel hybrid energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors, aiming to solve the problems of insufficient utilization of the efficient operating range of the engine, poor system power output and low vehicle fuel economy in traditional technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a novel hybrid energy regulation transmission system using a supercapacitor, comprising an engine, a charging and discharging integrated motor, a supercapacitor, two planetary gear sets and a transmission shaft; the two planetary gear sets are respectively planetary gear set one and planetary gear set two, the planetary gear set one comprises a sun gear one, a planet carrier one and a ring gear one, wherein the planet carrier one is connected to the engine, and the ring gear one is connected to the transmission shaft through a gear; the planetary gear set two is composed of a sun gear two, a planet carrier two and a ring gear two, the sun gear two is connected to the engine through a transmission shaft, and the planet carrier two is connected to the charging and discharging integrated motor.

[0006] Preferably, the integrated charging and discharging motor is connected to the second ring gear through the second planetary carrier to form an energy return path.

[0007] Preferably, the supercapacitor and the charging and discharging integrated motor are electrically connected to form an energy storage and release circuit.

[0008] Preferably, the supercapacitor is a supercapacitor whose charge and discharge can be freely controlled.

[0009] Preferably, the structural parameter value range of the planetary gear set is μ=[4 / 3,8].

[0010] Preferably, the transmission ratio range of the hybrid energy regulation transmission system is [10, 27].

[0011] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned novel hybrid energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors, and the beneficial technical effects are as follows:

[0012] (1) Energy adaptive regulation and storage:

[0013] The unique transmission system configuration can adaptively adjust and distribute the driving power internally, which can be output externally or surplus energy can be refluxed and stored.

[0014] When the energy output of the engine exceeds the current demand during vehicle driving, the supercapacitor can efficiently store the excess energy and maximize the utilization of energy.

[0015] (2) Peak power support and fast response:

[0016] The energy storage system has the ability to provide additional peak power. When the vehicle requires instantaneous high-power output, the supercapacitor can quickly release the stored energy and reduce the load on the engine.

[0017] Supercapacitors have extremely high charge and discharge rates and can store and release energy in a very short time. They are particularly suitable for the instantaneous high power output or rapid energy recovery stage of the system configuration.

[0018] The fast response capability of supercapacitors not only improves the performance of the power system, but also improves fuel economy and the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0019] (3) Versatility of planetary gear sets:

[0020] The planetary gear set can realize a variety of different working modes, and through a variety of input and output combinations, it can provide the most appropriate power distribution under various working conditions.

[0021] When the vehicle is starting, accelerating or operating at high power, the engine and the integrated charging and discharging motor work together to transfer power to the ring gear output through the planetary gear set, ensuring smooth and efficient rapid response.

[0022] (4) Fuel economy and environmental performance:

[0023] When the engine's output power exceeds the vehicle's current power demand, the system prioritizes the use of the engine's output stability and converts excess energy into electrical energy through an integrated charging and discharging motor and stores it in a supercapacitor, further improving fuel economy and system efficiency.

[0024] Under frequent start-stop conditions, the rapid response capability of the integrated charging and discharging motor can effectively reduce the burden on the engine, lower fuel consumption and emissions.

[0025] (5) Simplified structure and improved reliability:

[0026] The system adopts a simple structural design, modular components and compact layout, which significantly reduces the overall complexity and number of parts of the system.

[0027] The simplified structure reduces potential failure points and improves the overall reliability and stability of the system.

[0028] (6) Comprehensive performance improvement:

[0029] Through intelligent energy management and rapid energy regulation, power distribution is optimized, improving the operating efficiency and economy of engineering vehicles under complex working conditions.

[0030] It improves the response speed and overall performance of the power system, significantly reduces the operating pressure of the engine, and enhances the flexibility and reliability of power transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a novel hybrid energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 The relationship between load change and power distribution of the charging and discharging integrated motor in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 The relationship between the vehicle speed and the power distribution ratio of the charging and discharging integrated motor and the engine in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 The engine universal characteristic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a torque distribution characteristic diagram of the engine and the charging and discharging integrated motor in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 1 is the relationship between the system transmission ratio and the characteristic parameters of the planetary gearbox according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals

[0038] 1. Engine; 2. Drive shaft; 3. Sun gear 1; 4. Planet carrier 1; 5. Ring gear 1; 6. Gear; 7. Ring gear 2; 8. Planet carrier 2; 9. Sun gear 2; 10. Charging and discharging integrated motor; 11. Supercapacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of a novel hybrid energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors of the present invention, including an engine 1, a charging and discharging integrated motor 10, a supercapacitor 11, two planetary gear sets and a transmission shaft 2; the two planetary gear sets are respectively a planetary gear set 1 and a planetary gear set 2, the planetary gear set 1 includes a sun gear 1 3, a planet carrier 1 4 and a ring gear 1 5, wherein the planet carrier 1 4 is connected to the engine 1, the ring gear 1 5 is connected to the transmission shaft 2 through a gear 6, and the system power is output from the gear 6; the planetary gear set 2 is composed of a sun gear 2 9, a planet carrier 2 8 and a ring gear 2 7, the sun gear 2 9 is connected to the engine 1 through a transmission shaft 2, the planet carrier 2 8 is connected to the charging and discharging integrated motor 10, and the supercapacitor 11 is electrically connected to the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 to form an energy storage and release circuit.

[0043] The technical principle of the present invention is as follows: the transmission shaft 2 inputs power to the planetary carrier 1 4 of the planetary gear set 1 and the sun gear 2 9 of the planetary gear set 2, and the transmission shaft 2 is provided with a gear 6 fixedly connected to the ring gear 1 5, and the power is outputted from it; the sun gear 1 3 is set on the transmission shaft 2, and transmits part of the power to the ring gear 2 7 of the planetary gear set 2; the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 is connected to the planetary carrier 2 8 of the planetary gear set 2, and stores the electric energy in the super capacitor 11 connected thereto through the power generation function. When the output power of the engine 1 exceeds the current required power of the vehicle, while ensuring stable and continuous power output, the excess power is converted into electric energy and stored in the super capacitor 11 through the charging and discharging integrated motor 10, and in low-speed high-torque or acceleration conditions, the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 intervenes as an electric motor, providing instantaneous high-torque support, and significantly improving the power response speed of the vehicle. At the same time, during low-load operation or deceleration braking, the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 is converted into a generator mode, and the kinetic energy is efficiently recovered and stored in the super capacitor 11, making full use of the energy adaptive adjustment mechanism to achieve efficient power distribution. This design effectively improves the energy utilization efficiency of the engine 1, optimizes the power output, and improves the fuel economy of the vehicle.

[0044] The unique transmission system configuration can adaptively adjust and distribute the driving power internally, which can be output externally or the surplus energy can be refluxed and stored. By analyzing different working conditions, the engine power range occupied by the load power and its frequency of occurrence are obtained. On this basis, the power and torque variation range of the engine 1 and the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 is determined when the power is matched. By solving the torque and speed variation curve of the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 at the maximum torque point and the optimal efficiency working point of the engine 1, the system power distribution and working performance are optimized to ensure the efficient operation and reliability of the power system.

[0045] In the power-regulated charging mode, when the total power demand in the system is less than the power provided by the engine 1, the excess power is used to store energy in the supercapacitor 11. At this time, the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 acts as a generator to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and store it in the supercapacitor 11. When the total power demand in the system is greater than the power provided by the engine, the additional power is provided by the charging and discharging integrated motor 10. At this time, the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 acts as a motor to provide additional power to the auxiliary system, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 If the vehicle's driving speed is relatively uniform, the power demand is not large, and the engine has excess power, the system will recover kinetic energy by driving the integrated charge-discharge motor 10, convert the excess kinetic energy into electrical energy, and store it in the supercapacitor 11, thereby realizing adaptive power regulation and distribution.

[0046] The corresponding formula of the system is as follows:

[0047] From the motion characteristics of the planetary gear set, we can know that the motion equation and torque balance equation are:

[0048] n s +λn r =(1+λ)n c ;

[0049] T S :T r :T c =1:λ:-(1+λ);

[0050]

[0051] Speed ​​relationship of planetary gear set:

[0052]

[0053] Torque and power relationship of planetary gear set:

[0054]

[0055] Where, λ represents the characteristic parameter of the planetary gear mechanism; n s Indicates the speed of the sun gear; n r Indicates the speed of the ring gear; n c Indicates the rotation speed of the planet carrier; w r represents the angular velocity of the gear ring; w r1 represents the angular velocity of the ring gear 5; w r2 represents the angular velocity of the ring gear 27; w s represents the angular velocity of the sun gear; w s1 represents the angular speed of the sun gear 3; w s2 represents the angular speed of the sun gear 29; w c represents the angular velocity of the planet carrier; w c1 represents the angular velocity of the planet carrier 4; w c2 represents the angular velocity of the planet carrier 28; w m represents the angular velocity of the charging and discharging integrated motor 10; w e represents the angular velocity of engine 1; T r Indicates the torque of the ring gear; T r1 Indicates the torque of the ring gear 5; T r2 Indicates the torque of the ring gear 27; T s Indicates the torque of the sun gear; T s1 Represents the torque of the sun gear 3; T s2 Represents the torque of the sun gear 29; T c Indicates the torque of the planet carrier; T c1 Indicates the torque of planet carrier 4; T c2 Indicates the torque of the planet carrier 28; T erepresents the torque of engine 1; T m Represents the torque of the charging and discharging integrated motor 10; N c Indicates the number of teeth on the planet carrier; N c1 Indicates the number of teeth on the planet carrier 4; N c2 Indicates the number of teeth on the planet carrier 28; N s Indicates the number of teeth on the sun gear; N s1 Indicates the number of teeth of the sun gear 3; N s2 Indicates the number of teeth of the sun gear 29; N r Indicates the number of teeth on the ring gear; N r1 Indicates the number of teeth on the ring gear 5; N r2 represents the number of teeth of the ring gear 27; i represents the transmission ratio.

[0056] In engineering design, the range of the structural parameters of a single planetary gear set is μ = [4 / 3, 8]. The universal characteristics of engine 1 are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, in order to ensure that the engine 1 always runs in an economical and efficient working range, the power coupling between the engine 1 and the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 is achieved through a planetary gear set. The maximum torque and the lowest fuel consumption rate of the engine are included. The appropriate engine torque or fuel consumption rate is selected according to different working conditions to meet working needs.

[0057] The transmission ratio of the system is related to the characteristic parameters of the planetary gear set of the two-stage planetary gear set. The values ​​of the planetary gear set parameters must be reasonable. Figure 6 It can be seen that the transmission ratio of the two-stage planetary gear transmission mechanism increases within a certain range as the value of the planetary gear characteristic parameter increases, and its transmission ratio range is [10, 27]. By accurately matching the characteristic parameters λ1 and λ2, the synergistic advantages of the engine and the charging and discharging integrated motor can be fully utilized to achieve higher fuel economy and system efficiency while ensuring power.

[0058] Under a certain transmission ratio, the torque and speed range of the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 is determined according to the full-load power condition and the non-full-load power condition of the engine 1, such as Figure 5 As shown. Under full load conditions, the engine 1 provides maximum power, and the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 is mainly used to assist energy recovery or maintain system balance; under non-full load conditions, the engine runs at a lower power, and the charging and discharging integrated motor 10 needs to provide additional torque to meet the power requirements of the vehicle, so that the engine 1 can be maintained in an efficient and economic range.

[0059] The different torques and speeds of the integrated charging and discharging motor 10 can be well matched with the universal characteristic curve of the engine 1, so that the engine always maintains a large output power, while significantly reducing the fuel consumption rate. By optimizing the common working range of the transmission system and the engine, it is placed in the high-efficiency area, thereby fully utilizing the power output of the engine 1. Under the premise of ensuring the vehicle's power performance, the fuel consumption is effectively reduced, greatly improving the fuel economy and work efficiency of the engineering vehicle.

[0060] It is worth noting that the contents not elaborated in detail in the present invention are all prior art and are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0061] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned novel hybrid energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors to solve the problems of insufficient utilization of the efficient operating range of the engine, poor system power output and low vehicle fuel economy in traditional technologies.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel hybrid energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors, characterized in that: It includes an engine, a charging and discharging integrated motor, a supercapacitor, two planetary gear sets and a transmission shaft; the two planetary gear sets are respectively planetary gear set one and planetary gear set two, the planetary gear set one includes sun gear one, planet carrier one and ring gear one, wherein the planet carrier one is connected to the engine, and the ring gear one is connected to the transmission shaft through a gear; the planetary gear set two is composed of sun gear two, planet carrier two and ring gear two, the sun gear two is connected to the engine through a transmission shaft, and the planet carrier two is connected to the charging and discharging integrated motor.

2. A novel hybrid energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging integrated motor is connected to the second gear ring through the second planet carrier to form an energy return path.

3. A novel hybrid energy regulating transmission system using supercapacitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercapacitor and the charging and discharging integrated motor are electrically connected to form an energy storage and release loop.

4. A novel hybrid power energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercapacitor is a supercapacitor whose charge and discharge can be freely controlled.

5. A novel hybrid energy regulating transmission system using supercapacitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural parameter value range of the planetary gear set is μ=[4 / 3,8].

6. A novel hybrid power energy regulation transmission system using supercapacitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission ratio range of the hybrid energy regulation transmission system is [10, 27].

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