Method of driving and supporting a tunnel to control deformation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of control roadway deformation's driving and supporting method, the control roadway deformation's driving and supporting method includes including: S1: cutting groove is cut between roadway roof and the coal body to be driven;S2: support is arranged in cutting groove and is installed on roadway roof, so that support supports roadway;S3: the coal body to be driven below support is excavated, while drilling to form grouting hole to the roof, anchor rod is passed through support and is arranged in grouting hole and grouting is carried out to grouting hole;S4: repeat step S1-step S3, gradually advance roadway driving work, until the driving and supporting task of entire coal mining area is completed.The control roadway deformation's driving and supporting method of the application has the advantages of simple steps, strong supporting capacity and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of roadway support, in particular, to a driving and supporting method for controlling roadway deformation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Roadway driving is the premise of coal mining. At present, the low driving efficiency, large number of workers and low intelligent degree lead to serious imbalance between mining and driving, which seriously restricts the efficient mining of coal in China.

[0003] In the related art, as the mining depth of coal mines becomes larger, the stress of the surrounding rock of the roadway at the bottom of the mine increases with the increase of the mining depth, the roadway deformation becomes more and more serious, and problems such as side displacement and roof fall become more and more prominent, which seriously affects the normal operation of roadway driving and anchor rod supporting and threatens the personal safety of the workers. The increase of operation time and the increase of the number of workers caused by the strengthening of roof maintenance and anchoring support seriously affect the roadway driving operation and limit the roadway driving speed. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] To this end, the embodiment of the present application proposes a driving and supporting method for controlling roadway deformation, which is simple in steps and prevents roadway deformation.

[0006] The driving and supporting method for controlling roadway deformation according to the embodiment of the present application comprises: S1, cutting a cutting groove between the roadway roof and the coal body to be driven; S2, arranging a support in the cutting groove and mounting it on the roadway roof, so that the support supports the roadway; S3, excavating the coal body to be driven below the support, punching the roof to form a grouting hole at the same time, threading an anchor rod through the support into the grouting hole, and grouting the grouting hole; S4, repeating steps S1-S3, gradually advancing the roadway driving work until the driving and supporting task of the entire coal mining area is completed.

[0007] The driving and supporting method for controlling roadway deformation according to the embodiment of the present application sets steps S1-S4, supports the roadway roof by the support, can effectively control the problems of roof subsidence, side displacement, roof fall and surrounding rock deformation, reduce the net laying and construction operation process, reduce the construction time, improve the work efficiency of excavating the coal body to be driven, and after completion, anchor and grout the roadway, thereby improving the properties of the roof surrounding rock and further improving the stability of the support, ensuring the personal safety of the workers.

[0008] In some embodiments, the support member is a support plate, and the support plate is provided with a through hole penetrating the support plate in the up-down direction, the through hole and the grouting hole are oppositely arranged in the up-down direction, so that the anchor rod is arranged in the grouting hole through the through hole, and the anchor rod is connected with the support member by a fastener.

[0009] In some embodiments, the through hole is a plurality of through holes, the plurality of through holes are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the support member, each row includes a plurality of through holes arranged in the width direction of the support member, the grouting hole and the anchor rod are both a plurality of, the plurality of through holes and the plurality of grouting holes are arranged one by one, and at least one anchor rod is arranged in each grouting hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, in step S3, the anchor supporting operation such as drilling, grouting and pre-tightening is performed by using the drill-anchor integrated anchor rod to pass through the through hole of the support member.

[0011] In some embodiments, the two sides of the support member are respectively provided with a first matching part and a second matching part, and the two adjacent support members are connected through the first matching part and the second matching part.

[0012] In some embodiments, one of the first matching part and the second matching part is a clamping groove, and the other of the first matching part and the second matching part is a clamping convex.

[0013] In some embodiments, in step S2, grouting operation is performed between the upper end surface of the support member and the lower end surface of the cutting groove, so that the support member is arranged in the cutting groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S1, the geological exploration of the roadway is further included to determine the specific position of the roadway excavation, the shape of the cross section of the roadway, and the size of the cross section of the roadway, and the cutting trajectory of the cutting groove is set according to the detected roadway surrounding rock characteristics and the determined shape and size of the cross section of the roadway.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step S1, the cutting machine is used to cut a cutting groove with a predetermined depth and width between the roof and the coal body to be excavated.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S3, the cutting machine is used to excavate the coal body to be excavated below the support member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the tunneling and supporting method for controlling the deformation of the roadway according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2is a working schematic view of a tunneling and supporting method for controlling deformation of a roadway according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a support member of a tunneling and supporting method for controlling deformation of a roadway according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a support member of a tunneling and supporting method for controlling deformation of a roadway according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 5 is an installation schematic view of a support member of a tunneling and supporting method for controlling deformation of a roadway according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] A tunneling and supporting method for controlling deformation of a roadway 100;

[0023] A roof 1; a cutting groove 2; a coal body to be tunneled 3; a support member 4; a through hole 41; a first matching part 42; a second matching part 43; an anchor rod 5; a fastener 6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0025] A tunneling and supporting method for controlling deformation of a roadway 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] As shown in Figures 1-5 , the tunneling and supporting method for controlling deformation of a roadway 100 according to an embodiment of the present application comprises steps S1-S4.

[0027] S1: cutting a cutting groove 2 between a roadway roof 1 and a coal body to be tunneled 3. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a first cutting is performed between the roadway roof 1 and the coal body to be tunneled 3 to cut the cutting groove 2 between the roadway roof 1 and the coal body to be tunneled 3.

[0028] S2: placing a support member 4 in the cutting groove 2 and mounting the support member 4 on the roadway roof 1 so that the support member 4 supports the roadway. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the support member 4 is a prefabricated member and is mounted in the cutting groove 2 and fixed on the roof 1, and a complete support layer is formed on the roadway surrounding rock surface by the support member 4, the roadway surrounding rock surface is wrapped, and problems such as deviation and roof fall are prevented, so that the support member 4 preliminarily supports the roadway roof 1.

[0029] S3: excavate the coal body 3 to be excavated under the support 4, drill the roof 1 to form a grouting hole, and pass the anchor rod 5 through the support 4 into the grouting hole and grout the grouting hole. Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-3 , the coal body 3 to be excavated under the support 4 is excavated again to mine the coal body 3 to be excavated under the support 4, and after the coal seam under the support 4 is excavated, the roof 1 can be drilled through the support 4 to form a grouting hole, and the anchor rod 5 is passed into the grouting hole and grouted, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties and stability of the surrounding rock of the roof 1.

[0030] S4: repeat steps S1-S3 to gradually advance the roadway excavation and support work until the entire coal mining area is excavated and supported. Specifically, after the coal body 3 to be excavated under the roof 1 is excavated and the grouting operation is completed, steps S1-S3 are repeated to excavate and support the coal body 3 to be excavated.

[0031] The excavation and support method 100 for controlling roadway deformation of the embodiment of the present application sets steps S1-S4, and the support 4 is used to first support the roadway roof 1, and after the support 4 is completed, the coal body 3 to be excavated is excavated, thereby effectively controlling the problems of roof 1 subsidence, side deviation, roof fall, and surrounding rock deformation, and the support 4 can replace the metal mesh to reduce the meshing operation process and construction time, and after the coal body 3 to be excavated is excavated, the roadway is anchored and grouted to provide second support to the roadway, thereby improving the properties of the surrounding rock of the roof 1 and further improving the stability of the support to ensure the personal safety of the workers.

[0032] In some embodiments, the support 4 is a support plate, the support plate is provided with a through hole 41 penetrating the support plate in the up-down direction, the through hole 41 is arranged opposite to the grouting hole in the up-down direction, so that the anchor rod 5 passes through the through hole 41 and is arranged in the grouting hole, and the anchor rod 5 is connected to the support 4 by a fastener. Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 , the support plate is a horizontal protection plate with sufficient strength and rigidity and extending in the front-back direction, and the support plate can be fixedly installed in the cutting groove 2 to provide effective support between the roadway roof 1 and the coal body 3 to be excavated, the support plate is provided with a plurality of through holes 41 penetrating in the up-down direction, the through holes 41 are arranged opposite to the grouting hole in the up-down direction and communicate with the grouting hole, ensuring that the anchor rod 5 can smoothly pass through the through hole 41 and be arranged in the grouting hole, and a fastener (such as a nut, a gasket, etc.) is arranged below the anchor rod 5, the support 4 is located above the fastener, so that the anchor rod 5 and the support 4 are connected by the fastener, ensuring that the support 4 is firmly fixed on the roof 1 and enhancing the stability of the roof 1.

[0033] In some embodiments, the through hole 41 is a plurality of through holes 41, the plurality of through holes 41 are arranged along the length direction of the support 4 (such asFigure 3 The through holes 41 are arranged in multiple rows in the left-right direction, and each row includes a plurality of through holes 41 arranged in the front-rear direction. Figure 3 The grouting holes and the anchor rods 5 are in one-to-one correspondence, and each grouting hole is provided with at least one anchor rod 5. Specifically, as shown in the drawings, the through holes 41 on the support member 4 are in multiple rows in the left-right direction, and each row includes a plurality of through holes 41 arranged in the front-rear direction. The layout of the multiple through holes 41 ensures the uniform distribution of the anchor rods 5 and the grouting holes on the roof 1 of the roadway, provides a wider supporting range, and enhances the overall stability of the roof 1. Figure 3

[0034] In some embodiments, in step S3, the drill-anchor integrated anchor rod 5 is used to drill, grout, pre-tighten, and the like anchoring and supporting operations through the through hole 41 of the support member 4. Specifically, the drill-anchor integrated anchor rod 5 is used to accurately drill the roof 1 through the through hole 41 on the support member 4, ensuring that the drilling path is accurate and avoiding unnecessary damage to the surrounding rock stratum. The drilling diameter should be slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor rod 5 to ensure that the anchor rod 5 can be smoothly inserted. After drilling is completed, cement slurry or other solidifying materials are injected to fill the drilling and the voids around it, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock. The grouting pressure should be moderate to ensure that the slurry is fully filled without causing excessive pressure on the surrounding rock, which would affect its stability. After the anchor rod 5 is installed, it is pre-tightened by a nut or other fastener to ensure that the anchor rod 5 is firmly fixed in the surrounding rock of the roof 1, thereby improving the stability of the roof 1.

[0035] In some embodiments, the two sides of the support member 4 are respectively provided with a first matching part 42 and a second matching part 43, and two adjacent support members 4 are connected through the first matching part 42 and the second matching part 43. Specifically, as shown in the drawings, the left side of the support member 4 is provided with the first matching part 42 which extends in the front-rear direction, the front side of the support member 4 is provided with the first matching part 42 which extends in the left-right direction, the right side of the support member 4 is provided with the second matching part 43 which extends in the front-rear direction, and the rear side of the support member 4 is provided with the second matching part 43 which extends in the left-right direction. In this way, two adjacent support members 4 can be connected into a whole through the first matching part 42 and the second matching part 43 to increase the supporting length of the support member 4, thereby achieving the support of a roadway of any length. Figures 3-5

[0036] In some embodiments, one of the first matching part 42 and the second matching part 43 is a clamping slot, and the other is a clamping protrusion. Specifically, as shown in the drawings, the left side of the support member 4 is provided with the first matching part 42 which extends in the front-rear direction, the front side of the support member 4 is provided with the first matching part 42 which extends in the left-right direction, the right side of the support member 4 is provided with the second matching part 43 which extends in the front-rear direction, and the rear side of the support member 4 is provided with the second matching part 43 which extends in the left-right direction. In this way, two adjacent support members 4 can be connected into a whole through the first matching part 42 and the second matching part 43 to increase the supporting length of the support member 4, thereby achieving the support of a roadway of any length. Figure 3 ​​As shown, the first fitting part 42 and the second fitting part 43 can be arranged according to actual conditions, for example, the first fitting part 42 is a clamping groove, the second fitting part 43 is a clamping convex, or the first fitting part 42 is a clamping convex, and the second fitting part 43 is a clamping groove, and the shapes of the clamping groove and the clamping convex can be adjusted according to specific application scenarios, and the shapes of the clamping groove and the clamping convex include but are not limited to rectangular, circular, elliptical, etc., thereby forming a mechanical interlocking structure through the close cooperation of the clamping groove and the clamping convex, ensuring the firm connection between the two adjacent support pieces 4, enhancing the overall support effect, and improving the stability of the system.

[0037] In some embodiments, in step S2, grouting is performed between the upper end surface of the support piece 4 and the lower end surface of the cutting groove 2, so that the support piece 4 is arranged in the cutting groove 2. Specifically, the grouting material can be cement slurry or other solidified material and fill the gap between the upper end surface of the support piece 4 and the lower end surface of the cutting groove 2, ensuring that the support piece 4 and the cutting groove 2 are closely combined to form a whole, thereby improving the surrounding rock characteristics, enhancing the stability of the support piece 4 in the cutting groove 2, fixing the support piece 4 and the surrounding rock together, and strengthening the support effect.

[0038] In some embodiments, step S1 further comprises geological exploration of the roadway to determine the specific position of the roadway excavation, the shape of the cross section of the roadway, and the size of the cross section of the roadway, and set the cutting trajectory of the cutting groove 2 according to the detected surrounding rock characteristics of the roadway and the determined shape and size of the cross section of the roadway. Specifically, first, through geological exploration, the specific position of the roadway excavation is determined to ensure that the excavation route avoids potential geological disaster areas such as faults, karst caves, etc., and then the cross section shape and size of the roadway are determined according to the functional requirements and geological conditions of the roadway, the cross section shape includes rectangular, trapezoidal, circular, etc., and the size is determined according to factors such as transportation equipment and ventilation requirements, and the mechanical properties (such as compressive strength and elastic modulus) and hydrogeological conditions (such as water content and fracture development) of the surrounding rock of the roadway are evaluated in detail to provide a basis for subsequent support design, and then the cutting trajectory of the cutting groove 2 is set according to the detected surrounding rock characteristics of the roadway and the determined shape and size of the cross section of the roadway, and the design of the cutting trajectory should ensure that the position and size of the cutting groove 2 meet the design requirements, while minimizing the disturbance to the surrounding rock, reducing the construction difficulty, to ensure the smooth progress of subsequent excavation and support work.

[0039] In some embodiments, in step S1, the cutting groove 2 with a predetermined depth and width is cut by the roadheader between the roof 1 and the to-be-excavated coal body 3, and in step S3, the to-be-excavated coal body 3 below the support piece 4 is excavated by the roadheader. Thus, the cutting efficiency of the cutting groove 2 and the excavation efficiency of the coal body are improved by the roadheader.

[0040] The control roadway deformation excavation and support method 100 of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail as follows:

[0041] The geological exploration is conducted on the roadway to be excavated to determine the position of the roadway excavation and the shape and size of the roadway cross section.

[0042] According to the characteristics of the roadway surrounding rock and the shape and size of the roadway cross section, the first cutting track of the cutting head of the excavator is set.

[0043] The cutting track of the cutting head of the excavator is divided into two parts. The first cutting track of the cutting head is the roadway cross section contour cutting track, which serves to cut out the roadway cross section contour. The cutting groove 2 obtained by the first cutting prepares for the subsequent installation of the support member 4. The second cutting track of the cutting head is the full cross section cutting track of the roadway, which serves to cut all the coal body (i.e. the coal body to be excavated 3) within the range defined by the aforementioned roadway cross section contour and support member after the support member 4 is supported, excavate the complete cross section of the roadway, and form the roadway.

[0044] The roadway cross section to be excavated is positioned, and the first roadway cross section contour cutting is conducted through the positioning point to cut out the roadway cross section contour cutting groove 2.

[0045] The cutting head is withdrawn, and the support member 4 is laid to form the first roadway support. The support members 4 are connected to each other to form a complete support layer on the surface of the roadway surrounding rock, wrap the surface of the roadway surrounding rock, and prevent problems such as side heave and roof fall.

[0046] More preferably, to ensure the support effect of the support member 4, grouting operation can be conducted between the support member 4 and the outer side of the roadway cross section cutting groove 2 to improve the characteristics of the surrounding rock, fix the support member 4 and the surrounding rock together, and strengthen the support effect.

[0047] The cutting head is adjusted, and the second cutting track of the cutting head of the excavator is set.

[0048] The second roadway cross section cutting is conducted in the roadway cross section contour where the support member 4 is laid to excavate the complete cross section of the roadway and form the roadway.

[0049] The second roadway support operation is conducted.

[0050] The support members 4 are connected through the reserved holes to form a whole.

[0051] After the roadway cross section excavation is completed, the drill-anchor integrated anchor rod 5 matched with the support member 4 is used to pass through the through hole 41 of the support member 4 to conduct drilling, grouting, pre-tightening and other anchoring support operations.

[0052] Or, using ordinary anchor rod 5, using drill rod through support 4 hole 41, drilling, withdrawing drill rod, inserting anchor rod 5, anchor rod 5 grouting, pre-tightening and other anchoring operations; Or use anchor agent, after withdrawing the drill rod, plug into the anchor agent in the drill hole, install anchor rod 5, and carry out mixing, pre-tightening and other anchoring operations.

[0053] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the support 4 can replace the tray while replacing the metal mesh, it is necessary to ensure that the diameter of the anchor rod 5, the diameter of the nut, and the diameter of the hole 41 of the support 4 have a reasonable size relationship.

[0054] Next, taking the rectangular roadway section as an example, the excavation and support method 100 for controlling the deformation of the roadway is described in detail:

[0055] The support 4 and the matching anchoring material have the following characteristics:

[0056] In order to ensure that the support 4 can be connected to form a whole and realize the support of a roadway of any length, the support 4 is made of a uniform specification, and the edge is designed with a corresponding connecting structure.

[0057] The support 4 used in the rectangular roadway section is also rectangular.

[0058] The support 4 is provided with a certain number of holes 41, which are evenly distributed on the support 4. The size parameters of the support 4 are designed according to the characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0059] The edge holes 41 of the support 4 are connecting holes between components, which can be used to connect the support 4 and the anchoring support. The remaining holes 41 are used for installing the anchor rod 5 for anchoring support.

[0060] Taking the support 4 in the middle of Figure 1 , 2 For example, the standard thickness of the support 4 is H. In order to ensure the mutual connection between components, the surfaces of the components on the left and bottom sides of the hole 41 are thinned by a certain thickness, forming a convex structure (i.e., a card convex), which is H1, H1 is less than H.

[0061] The middle part of the component in the upper and right sides of the hole 41 is thinned by a certain thickness, forming a concave structure (i.e., a card slot), which is H2, H2 is less than H, and slightly larger than H1, so that the convex part can be smoothly matched with the concave part of the next component to complete the installation.

[0062] After installation, the connecting part holes 41 correspond to each other, and the anchor rod 5 can be installed.

[0063] The hole diameter R1 of the hole 41, the drill bit diameter R2, the anchor rod 5 diameter R3, and the nut outer diameter R4.

[0064] To ensure smooth drilling, the anchor rod 5 diameter R3 is less than the drill bit diameter R2, and the drill bit diameter R2 is less than the through hole 41 diameter R1.

[0065] To replace the tray, the nut outer diameter R4 should be greater than the through hole 41 diameter R1 to ensure that the support 4 can function as a tray.

[0066] It should be noted that the density of the anchor rod 5 and the density of the through hole 41 can not be consistent, and the density of the anchor rod 5 can be lower than the density of the through hole 41 according to the support design, and the maximum density is the density of the through hole 41.

[0067] The tunnel deformation control driving and support method 100 of the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:

[0068] 1. By cutting out the tunnel section contour cutting groove 2 first, the support 4 controls the deformation amount of the surrounding rock, controls the problems of deviation and roof fall, and can ensure that the driving head performs driving and other operations under the support of the support 4.

[0069] 2. The support 4 acts as a metal mesh and a tray, which can replace the metal mesh and the tray, reduce the tunnel driving and support process steps and time, reduce the work intensity of the workers, reduce the tunnel support cost by replacing the metal mesh and the tray, and effectively reduce the deformation amount of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0070] 3. By laying the support 4 on the tunnel section, the problems of deviation and roof fall can be greatly reduced.

[0071] 4. By performing driving, anchoring support and other operations under the surrounding rock of the roof 1 where the support 4 is laid, the safety of the workers is ensured.

[0072] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0073] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0074] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the terms "mount", "connected", "connecting", "fixed", "unfixed", and the like are to be construed in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or communication with each other; can be direct connection, or indirect connection via intermediate medium; can be internal communication of two elements, or interaction between two elements, unless specifically defined otherwise. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0075] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0076] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling tunnel deformation during tunnel excavation and support, characterized in that, include: S1: Cut a cutting groove between the roadway roof and the coal body to be excavated; S2: The support member is placed in the cutting groove and installed on the top plate of the tunnel so that the support member supports the tunnel; S3: Excavate the coal body to be excavated below the support member, and at the same time drill holes in the roof to form grouting holes. Insert the anchor rod through the support member and insert it into the grouting hole, and grout the grouting hole. The support member is a support plate. The support plate has a through hole that runs through the support plate in the vertical direction. The through hole and the grouting hole are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction so that the anchor rod passes through the through hole and inserts into the grouting hole. The anchor rod is connected to the support member by fasteners. S4: Repeat steps S1-S3 to gradually advance the tunnel excavation work until the tunneling and support tasks of the entire coal mining area are completed.

2. The method for controlling tunnel deformation during excavation and support according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple through holes, which are arranged in multiple rows along the length of the support member. Each row includes several through holes arranged at intervals along the width of the support member. There are multiple grouting holes and multiple anchor rods. The multiple through holes and multiple grouting holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Each grouting hole is provided with at least one anchor rod.

3. The method for controlling tunnel deformation during excavation and support according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, drilling, grouting, pre-tightening and other anchoring support operations are carried out by using an integrated drill-anchor bolt through the through hole of the support member.

4. The method for controlling tunnel deformation during excavation and support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support member has a first mating part and a second mating part on both sides, and two adjacent support members are connected through the first mating part and the second mating part.

5. The method for controlling tunnel deformation during excavation and support according to claim 4, characterized in that, One of the first mating part and the second mating part is a slot, and the other of the first mating part and the second mating part is a protrusion.

6. The method for controlling tunnel deformation during excavation and support according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, grouting is performed between the upper end face of the support member and the lower end face of the cutting groove so that the support member is positioned within the cutting groove.

7. The method for controlling tunnel deformation during excavation and support according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the geological survey of the tunnel is also included to determine the specific location of the tunnel excavation, the shape of the tunnel cross section and the cross section size of the tunnel, and to set the cutting trajectory of the cutting groove according to the detected characteristics of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the determined shape and size of the tunnel cross section.

8. The method for controlling tunnel deformation during excavation and support according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, a tunneling machine is used to cut a groove of a preset depth and width between the roof and the coal body to be tunneled.

9. The method for controlling tunnel deformation during excavation and support according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the tunneling machine is used to excavate the coal body to be excavated below the support.

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