A method for separate TBM synchronous lining construction

Abstract

The application relates to a separated TBM synchronous lining construction method and device, and the separated TBM synchronous lining construction method comprises the following steps: firstly, after TBM tunneling, prefabricated inverted arch blocks are laid synchronously, the prefabricated inverted arch blocks are provided with transportation tracks, symmetrical switches are arranged on the transportation tracks, and the conversion of the transportation lines is realized; then, after the prefabricated inverted arch blocks and the tracks are laid, a needle beam inverted arch trolley follows to serve as the foundation of the running tracks of the post-process construction equipment of cast-in-situ low side walls; next, after the low side walls are constructed, a steel reinforcement trolley equipment follows to bind the second lining steel reinforcement; after the second lining steel reinforcement is bound, the steel reinforcement trolley moves forward to the next construction position; then, after the second lining steel reinforcement is bound, a second lining trolley follows to pour the second lining concrete; finally, after the concrete is poured and solidified, a curing trolley follows to the same station to cure the concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a method for simultaneous lining construction of a split TBM. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerating pace of tunnel construction in my country, TBMs, as integrated construction equipment combining mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, sensing, and control systems, are widely used due to their advantages such as favorable construction environment, high speed, and low cost for long-distance construction. Previously, regardless of whether rail transport or continuous belt conveyor was used for muck removal during TBM construction, secondary formwork lining was performed after the TBM excavation was completed. This prevented simultaneous TBM excavation and secondary formwork lining, resulting in a longer construction period and inconsistencies with the principles of the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM). Furthermore, it violated the requirements issued by the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Construction, which stipulated that the distance between the secondary lining and the tunnel face should not exceed the limits specified in relevant documents. Considering factors such as construction safety, shortening the overall tunnel construction period, and economic efficiency, simultaneous tunnel lining using the TBM method has become an important development trend.

[0003] Depending on the location of the secondary synchronous lining equipment, the overall construction scheme for synchronous lining can be mainly divided into two types: integral and separate. In the integral scheme, the secondary synchronous lining equipment and the TBM downstream equipment are integrated into a single unit. In the separate scheme, the secondary synchronous lining equipment and the TBM downstream equipment are appropriately separated, maintaining a reasonable distance.

[0004] The integrated solution adds secondary synchronous lining equipment to the conventional TBM after-sales support system, including construction equipment such as needle beam low side wall trolley, steel bar trolley, secondary lining trolley, and curing trolley, integrating the secondary synchronous lining equipment with the TBM after-sales support system.

[0005] The separate construction scheme involves parallel operations of TBM tunneling and secondary lining, with secondary formwork concrete lining construction following the TBM tunneling as appropriate. The structural design of the lining trolley should consider the passage of continuous conveyor belts, ventilation hoses, water pipes, high-voltage and communication cables, and transport vehicles. Furthermore, all operations of the trolley must not interrupt the transportation of construction materials, operation of the continuous conveyor belt, ventilation, high-voltage power supply, lighting and communication, water supply, and drainage required for TBM construction.

[0006] However, the current method of simultaneous lining construction using a separate TBM faces many challenges. For example, the distance between the TBM tunneling face and the secondary lining working face is relatively large, which does not meet relevant requirements. The transportation of construction materials, continuous belt conveyors, and large-diameter ventilation hoses need to pass smoothly through the simultaneous lining trolley and ensure unimpeded operation. In particular, it is essential to ensure that the power supply, communication, ventilation, water supply and drainage, construction material transportation, and spoil transportation required for TBM construction are not affected regardless of whether the secondary lining operation is in any working state such as trolley relocation, formwork erection, pouring, curing, or demolding. The inner diameter of the cross-section after lining of the TBM tunneling section is 10.2m to 10.6m, with multiple cross-sectional radius variations. How to achieve rapid cross-sectional conversion of the secondary lining formwork is also a key issue.

[0007] Therefore, how to provide a construction method that ensures that various trolleys and transportation devices do not interfere with each other during the synchronous lining construction of a split TBM, thereby improving construction efficiency and saving construction time, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address at least one or more of the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM, fundamentally solving the technical bottleneck of delayed lining construction. It also meets the national requirements for the distance between secondary lining and the excavation face, thereby improving overall construction speed. The method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM provided by this invention includes:

[0009] After the S10 and TBM tunneling, precast invert blocks are laid synchronously. Transport tracks are installed on the precast invert blocks, and symmetrical turnouts are set on the transport tracks to realize the switching of transport tracks.

[0010] S20. After the precast inverted arch blocks and track are laid, the needle beam inverted arch trolley will follow the cast-in-place low side wall as the basis for the running track of the construction equipment in the subsequent process.

[0011] S30. After the construction of the low side wall is completed, the steel reinforcement trolley equipment will follow up to tie the secondary lining steel reinforcement. After the secondary lining steel reinforcement is tied, the steel reinforcement trolley will move forward to the next construction position.

[0012] S40. After the secondary lining reinforcement is tied, the secondary lining trolley will follow up to pour the secondary lining concrete.

[0013] S50. After the concrete is poured and solidified, the curing trolley will follow to the same work station to cure the concrete.

[0014] The TBM synchronous lining construction area includes a low side wall construction area, a steel reinforcement construction area, a side arch construction area, and a secondary lining curing area. The low side wall construction area is equipped with at least two needle beam inverted arch trolleys, the steel reinforcement construction area is equipped with at least two steel reinforcement trolleys, and the side arch construction area is equipped with at least two secondary lining trolleys. The low side wall construction area, the steel reinforcement construction area, and the side arch construction area are all constructed using a skip-layout operation method.

[0015] Further, step S20 includes:

[0016] After the precast invert arch blocks and transport rails are installed, the needle beam invert arch trolley moves forward to tie the reinforcing bars of the short side wall. After the reinforcing bars are tied, the formwork demolding cylinder of the needle beam invert arch trolley is extended to ensure that the short side wall formwork is in place and firmly supported. The rail-mounted concrete transport vehicle then travels to the location to pour concrete for the short side wall. After the concrete has solidified, the supports are removed and the formwork demolding cylinder is retracted to detach the short side wall formwork from the concrete. After the formwork is demolded, the needle beam invert arch trolley moves forward to the next construction position. Once the concrete strength of the short side wall reaches the required level, steel supports are laid on its upper surface to allow the equipment to pass through the track, facilitating the passage of equipment for subsequent construction processes.

[0017] Furthermore, step S30 includes:

[0018] A rebar lifting trolley and a rebar installation trolley are used. The rebar lifting trolley is used to quickly unload the rebar from the transport vehicle and lift it onto the rebar installation trolley. The secondary lining rebar is uniformly processed outside the tunnel as required, transported to the site, and finally manually installed and tied on the rebar installation trolley.

[0019] Furthermore, the installation of the secondary lining reinforcement is controlled by a reinforcement positioning frame. Based on the measurement control points, the outer circumferential positioning reinforcement is tied first. After the positioning reinforcement is connected with longitudinal reinforcement, the longitudinal reinforcement is used as the basis for tying other circumferential reinforcement. After the outer layer is tied, the inner layer reinforcement is tied in the same way. The inner and outer layers of reinforcement are connected with reinforcing bars in time and spot welded by arc welding to enhance the overall rigidity.

[0020] Further, step S40 includes:

[0021] A pump truck and a secondary lining trolley are used in a one-to-one ratio. The pump truck is responsible for pumping concrete to the secondary lining trolley, which then erects the formwork and pours the concrete. When pouring concrete, it is poured symmetrically from bottom to top, with both sides working simultaneously or alternately.

[0022] Further, in step S20, the needle beam inverted arch trolley includes a needle beam section, a beam frame section, and a transverse plate section. The beam frame section is a rectangular frame formed by connecting square tubes. The needle beam section passes through the beam frame section and is slidably connected to it. The beam frame section is a rectangular frame formed by connecting square tubes. The transverse plate section is retractably fixed to the bottom end of the beam frame section and extends along the length of the transverse plate section. The needle beam section includes a needle beam, at least two sets of needle beam bases, and at least two sets of needle beam transverse movement mechanisms. The needle beam is a double-web box-shaped structure welded from a panel and supporting ribs. The needle beam bases are respectively disposed on the bottom surfaces of both ends of the needle beam and connected to the needle beam through the needle beam transverse movement mechanisms. One end of the needle beam transverse movement mechanism is slidably fixed to the top surface of the needle beam base and extends along the transverse direction of the needle beam. The other end, opposite to the needle beam, is fixed integrally with it and moves together.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S30, the rebar trolley includes a rebar lifting trolley and a rebar installation trolley located in front of the rebar installation trolley, and the rebar trolley is equipped with two layers of push-pull working platforms.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S40, the secondary lining trolley includes a gantry assembly, a variable diameter telescopic assembly, a lining template assembly, and an extension assembly;

[0025] The lining template assembly includes several arc-shaped templates connected in sequence, which are detachably arranged on the periphery of the gantry assembly;

[0026] The diameter-changing telescopic component is installed between the gantry assembly and the lining template assembly. Its expansion and contraction cause the diameter of the lining template assembly to increase or decrease.

[0027] An extension component is provided at the notch of the lining template assembly when the diameter of the lining template assembly is increased.

[0028] The lining template assembly is symmetrically arranged in two groups along the central axis of the lining trolley; in the adjacent connected arc templates, at least one pair of arc templates is detachably connected; the extension assembly is detachably arranged between the detachable adjacent arc templates.

[0029] Furthermore, in steps S10 to S50, during the movement of the needle beam arch trolley, the steel bar trolley, the secondary lining trolley, and the curing trolley, a pipeline crossing device is used to cross the pipelines, and a line crossing device is used to cross the lines.

[0030] Furthermore, the pipeline crossing device includes: a traveling support, a support base disposed above the traveling support, and a support frame;

[0031] The traveling support is mounted on a liftable mobile device and moves relative to the mobile device in the vertical direction;

[0032] The support rack, which slides left and right, is mounted above the support base to support the pipeline.

[0033] In this embodiment, a method for simultaneous lining construction using a separate TBM is provided. During the simultaneous lining construction process using a separate TBM, various trolleys and transport equipment operate on transport tracks set on precast invert blocks, changing tracks at symmetrical turnouts, ensuring that the various trolleys and transport devices do not interfere with each other during operation. Based on the entire construction process, the TBM simultaneous lining construction area is divided into a low sidewall construction area, a reinforcement construction area, a side arch construction area, and a secondary lining curing area. According to the TBM tunneling speed and construction intervals, a reasonable number of trolleys and transport equipment are set up in each area, significantly shortening the downtime caused by waiting for lining in the traditional "tunneling-dismantling-lining" construction method. This greatly improves construction efficiency and saves construction time. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart of an embodiment of the split-type TBM synchronous lining construction method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the needle beam arch trolley of the split TBM synchronous lining construction method of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the needle beam arch trolley of the split TBM synchronous lining construction method of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the pipeline crossing device for the separate TBM synchronous lining construction method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the line crossing device of the split TBM synchronous lining construction method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component present. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component present.

[0042] It should also be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., these directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. Furthermore, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions such as "first," "second," "S1," "S2," "step one," "step two," etc., these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of method execution. Those skilled in the art will understand that anything that does not violate the inventive concept and does not contradict the inventive points should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] This invention provides a method for simultaneous lining construction of a split TBM, with reference to... Figure 1 ,include:

[0044] After the S10 and TBM tunneling, precast invert blocks are laid synchronously. Transport tracks are installed on the precast invert blocks, and symmetrical turnouts are set on the transport tracks to realize the switching of transport lines.

[0045] S20. After the precast inverted arch blocks and track are laid, the needle beam inverted arch trolley will follow the cast-in-place low side wall as the foundation for the running track of the construction equipment in the subsequent process.

[0046] S30. After the construction of the low side wall is completed, the steel reinforcement trolley equipment will follow up to tie the secondary lining steel reinforcement. After the secondary lining steel reinforcement is tied, the steel reinforcement trolley will move forward to the next construction position.

[0047] S40. After the secondary lining reinforcement is tied, the secondary lining trolley will follow up to pour the secondary lining concrete.

[0048] S50. After the concrete is poured and solidified, the curing trolley will follow to the same work station to cure the concrete.

[0049] The TBM synchronous lining construction area includes a low side wall construction area, a steel reinforcement construction area, a side arch construction area, and a secondary lining curing area. The low side wall construction area is equipped with at least two needle beam inverted arch trolleys, the steel reinforcement construction area is equipped with at least two steel reinforcement trolleys, and the side arch construction area is equipped with at least two secondary lining trolleys. The low side wall construction area, the steel reinforcement construction area, and the side arch construction area are all constructed using a skip-layout operation method.

[0050] In this embodiment, a method for simultaneous lining construction using a separate TBM is provided. First, precast invert blocks are laid, and then transport tracks are installed on these blocks. Symmetrical turnouts are set on the transport tracks for switching between various transport equipment. It is worth noting that the number of tracks and lines on the transport tracks can be arbitrarily set by those skilled in the art according to specific needs. For example, the transport tracks are four-rail, double-track, with symmetrical turnouts. During simultaneous lining construction, this meets the track switching requirements of various rail-mounted transport vehicles, rail-mounted concrete conveyors, and various trolleys, preventing spatial congestion among the trolleys and transport equipment, and ensuring that the various trolleys and transport devices do not interfere with each other during operation. Then, the needle beam invert arch trolley pours low side walls on both sides of the precast invert arch block, which supports the precast invert arch block and serves as the foundation for the running rails of subsequent construction equipment, solving the problem of subsequent construction equipment occupying the transport rails. Next, based on the low side walls, the steel reinforcement trolley is used to perform secondary steel reinforcement binding in the areas where secondary lining concrete will be poured later. After the steel reinforcement binding is completed, the steel reinforcement trolley moves to the next construction position. Then, at the original secondary steel reinforcement binding site, concrete is poured using the secondary lining trolley and allowed to solidify. Finally, the solidified concrete is regularly cured using a curing trolley to prevent the moisture in the concrete from evaporating too quickly and causing shrinkage cracks. For example, at room temperature, watering is carried out using a curing trolley within 4 to 6 hours after the concrete is poured, watering 4 to 6 times a day for the first three days, and then watering 2 to 3 times a day thereafter, with a curing time of no less than 14 days.

[0051] It is understandable that the above steps can be performed simultaneously or sequentially. According to the above construction steps, the entire TBM synchronous lining construction area includes: the low sidewall construction area, the reinforcement construction area, the side arch construction area, and the secondary lining curing area. For example, in this scheme, the TBM's maximum daily advance is 36m, the subsequent construction step distance is 9m, the time for the first stage of low sidewall construction using the needle beam invert arch trolley is 0.5 days, the time for the first stage of reinforcement trolley construction is 0.5 days, and the time for the first stage of secondary lining trolley construction is 1 day. To achieve synchronous lining, the low sidewall... At least two needle beam inverted arch trolleys are configured in the wall construction area, at least two steel reinforcement trolleys are configured in the rebar construction area, at least two secondary lining trolleys are configured in the side arch construction area, and a curing trolley is configured in the secondary lining curing area. The aforementioned low side wall construction area, rebar construction area, and side arch construction area all adopt the skip-section operation method. For example, the low side wall construction area is configured with two needle beam inverted arch trolleys, skipping four sections for pouring; the rebar construction area is configured with two steel reinforcement trolleys, constructing two sections per day; and the side arch construction area is configured with four secondary lining trolleys, skipping four sections for construction, in order to meet the construction requirements of synchronous lining.

[0052] During the synchronous lining construction of the separated TBM, various trolleys and transportation equipment run on transport tracks set on the precast invert arch blocks, and complete track changes on symmetrical turnouts, so that the various trolleys and transportation devices do not interfere with each other when working. According to the entire construction steps, the TBM synchronous lining construction area is divided into a low side wall construction area, a steel reinforcement construction area, a side arch construction area, and a secondary lining curing area. According to the TBM tunneling speed and construction interval, an appropriate number of trolleys and transportation equipment are set in each area, which greatly shortens the downtime caused by waiting for lining in the traditional "tunneling-dismantling-lining" construction method. This greatly improves construction efficiency and saves construction time.

[0053] More preferably, step S20 includes: after the precast inverted arch blocks and transport rails are installed, the needle beam inverted arch trolley moves forward to tie the reinforcing bars of the short side wall. After the reinforcing bars are tied, the formwork demolding cylinder of the needle beam inverted arch trolley is extended to make the short side wall formwork in place and firmly supported. The rail-mounted concrete transport vehicle travels to the location to pour concrete for the short side wall. After the concrete solidifies, the support is removed and the formwork demolding cylinder is retracted to make the short side wall formwork detach from the concrete. After the formwork is demolded, the needle beam inverted arch trolley moves forward to the next construction position. After the concrete strength of the short side wall reaches the requirements, steel supports are laid on its upper surface for the laying of equipment passage rails to facilitate the passage of subsequent construction equipment.

[0054] This embodiment provides a specific implementation method for the construction of the low side wall. Using a needle beam arch trolley, the reinforcement bars of the low side wall are first tied. Then, the formwork demolition cylinder of the needle beam arch trolley is extended to position and firmly support the low side wall formwork. This improves the efficiency of reinforcement tying and enhances the positional and dimensional accuracy of the low side wall by using the demolition cylinder to position and support the formwork. A rail-mounted concrete transport vehicle then travels to the location to pour the concrete. The formwork demolition cylinder of the needle beam arch trolley retracts, detaching the low side wall formwork from the concrete. This entire process reduces manual operation and improves construction efficiency.

[0055] Preferably, in step S30, a rebar lifting trolley and a rebar installation trolley are used. The rebar lifting trolley is used to quickly unload the rebar from the transport vehicle and lift it onto the rebar installation trolley. The secondary lining rebar is uniformly processed outside the tunnel as required, transported to the site, and finally manually installed and tied on the rebar installation trolley.

[0056] In this embodiment, after the construction of the low sidewall is completed, due to the large size of the tunnel and the large amount of steel reinforcement required, the secondary lining steel reinforcement is first processed uniformly outside the tunnel as needed. Specifically, the secondary lining steel reinforcement needs to be straightened first, and foreign objects such as oil stains, cement slurry, loose rust, etc. on the surface are removed. Then, it is bent according to the tunnel cross-section. Then, the bent steel reinforcement is transported by a transport vehicle, and then the steel reinforcement lifting trolley is used to quickly unload the steel reinforcement from the transport vehicle and lift it onto the steel reinforcement installation trolley. Finally, the steel reinforcement is manually installed and tied on the steel reinforcement installation trolley. This can avoid the steel reinforcement trolley occupying the track for too long and obstructing the passage of other types of trolleys and transport devices, thereby speeding up the construction progress.

[0057] More preferably, the installation of the secondary lining reinforcement is controlled by a reinforcement positioning frame. Based on the measurement control points, the outer circumferential positioning reinforcement is tied first. After the positioning reinforcement is connected with longitudinal reinforcement, the longitudinal reinforcement is used as the basis for tying other circumferential reinforcement. After the outer layer is tied, the inner layer reinforcement is tied in the same way. The inner and outer layers of reinforcement are connected with reinforcing bars in time and spot welded by arc welding to enhance the overall rigidity.

[0058] In this embodiment, a specific method for binding the secondary lining reinforcement is provided. The outer circumferential positioning reinforcement, longitudinal reinforcement, other circumferential reinforcement, and inner layer reinforcement are installed sequentially. The inner and outer layers of reinforcement are then connected using reinforcing bars and spot-welded with arc welding. This significantly strengthens the connection rigidity of the secondary lining reinforcement binding, preventing deformation and improving construction accuracy. More preferably, after the secondary lining reinforcement is installed, its outline dimensions are checked according to the centerline elevation to improve construction accuracy and standardization. After passing inspection, mortar spacers of a certain thickness are hung on the inner layer reinforcement to ensure the thickness of the reinforcement protective layer after concrete pouring.

[0059] Preferably, step S40 includes: using a pump truck and a secondary lining trolley in a one-to-one ratio, with the pump truck responsible for pumping concrete to the secondary lining trolley, the secondary lining trolley erecting the formwork, and pouring concrete; when pouring concrete, it is poured symmetrically from bottom to top, with both sides being poured simultaneously or alternately.

[0060] In this embodiment, the pump truck and the secondary lining trolley are used in a one-to-one ratio. The pump truck is responsible for pumping concrete to the secondary lining trolley, and the secondary lining trolley is responsible for erecting the formwork. The two have clear division of labor. If a malfunction occurs during construction, either the pump truck or the secondary lining trolley can be replaced to improve the stability of the construction method. When pouring concrete, it is poured symmetrically from bottom to top, with both sides poured simultaneously or alternately. This reduces the impact of the concrete's own weight and the lateral pressure generated by vibration on the formwork during the pouring process, preventing formwork deformation. It also ensures that the concrete is evenly distributed inside the structure, avoiding excessive temperature stress and shrinkage cracks. Pouring simultaneously or alternately on both sides can speed up the construction progress and reduce the risk of the concrete losing too much moisture or premature setting due to prolonged exposure.

[0061] Preferred, Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In step 20, the needle beam arch trolley includes a needle beam section 10, a beam frame section 20, and a transverse plate section 30. The beam frame section 20 is a rectangular frame formed by connecting square tubes. The needle beam section 10 passes through the beam frame section 20 and is slidably mounted to it. The beam frame section 20 is a rectangular frame formed by connecting square tubes. The transverse plate section 30 is retractably fixed to the bottom end of the beam frame section 20 and extends along the length of the transverse plate section 30. The needle beam section 10 includes a needle beam 11, at least two sets of needle beam bases 12, and at least two sets of needle beam transverse movement mechanisms 14. The needle beam 11 is a double-webbed plate formed by welding a panel and supporting ribs. The structure is box-shaped. The needle beam base 12 is located on the bottom surface of both ends of the needle beam 11 and is connected to the needle beam 11 through the needle beam transverse movement mechanism 14. One end of the needle beam transverse movement mechanism 14 is slidably fixed on the top surface of the needle beam base 12 and extends along the transverse direction of the needle beam 11. The other end is fixed to the needle beam 11 and moves together. Thus, by extending along the transverse direction of the needle beam and sliding with the needle beam base, the position of the entire needle beam in the transverse direction can be adjusted very conveniently, thereby realizing the adjustment of the needle beam invert arch trolley in different process positions and greatly improving the construction efficiency.

[0062] Furthermore, to improve the stability of the needle beam invert arch trolley after assembly at the tunnel construction site, the cross-section of the needle beam base 12 furthest from the needle beam 11 is designed as an arc. Tracks are provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the needle beam 11 along its height direction to reduce friction when sliding between it and the beam frame 20.

[0063] Specifically, in the preferred embodiment, reference Figure 3The needle beam lateral movement mechanism 14 includes a base 141, a translation seat 142, and a first telescopic cylinder 143. The base 141 is fixed to the top surface of the needle beam base and extends along the width direction of the needle beam 11. The translation seat 142 is slidably fixed to the needle beam base 12 via one end of the base 141, and its opposite end is connected to the needle beam 11 as a whole, and they move together. One end of the first telescopic cylinder 143 is fixed to the base 141, and its opposite end is fixed to the translation seat 142 as a whole, and they move together. Thus, driven by the first telescopic cylinder 143, the translation seat 142 drives the needle beam 11 to slide laterally along the needle beam 11, thereby achieving position adjustment of the needle beam 11 in its width direction.

[0064] Optionally, to achieve position adjustment of the needle beam 10 in the height direction, a needle beam lifting mechanism 13 is also included between the needle beam lateral movement mechanism 14 and the needle beam 11. One end of the needle beam lifting mechanism 13 is fixed to the needle beam base 12 via the needle beam lateral movement mechanism 14, and the other end, which is opposite to it, is fixed integrally with the needle beam 11. It is telescopically oriented in the vertical direction. Preferably, the needle beam lifting mechanism 13 is telescopically fixed to the end side of the short side of the needle beam 11. Furthermore, the needle beam lifting mechanism 13 includes a needle beam lifting sleeve 131, a needle beam guide rod 132, and a needle beam lifting cylinder 133. The bottom end of the needle beam guide rod 132 is fixed to the top surface of the needle beam transverse mechanism 14, and the opposite end extends upwards along the vertical direction. The needle beam lifting sleeve 131 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the needle beam guide rod 132 and is fixed integrally with the needle beam 11, moving together. The needle beam lifting cylinder 133 is embedded in the internal cavity of the needle beam guide rod 132, with one end fixed to the needle beam transverse mechanism 14, and the opposite end retractably fixed to the needle beam 11. Thus, through the retractably connected needle beam lifting cylinder, the needle beam can be conveniently adjusted and controlled in the height direction as needed.

[0065] In summary, the needle beam provided in the above embodiments, driven by the first telescopic cylinder, causes the translation seat to slide along the lateral direction of the needle beam, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the needle beam in its width direction; through the needle beam lifting cylinder that is telescopically connected to the needle beam, the needle beam can be conveniently adjusted and controlled in the height direction as needed, thereby enabling the optimization and adjustment of the position of the needle beam in the operation process, making it more applicable to a wider range of scenarios and significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0066] Preferably, in step S30, the rebar trolley includes a rebar lifting trolley and a rebar installation trolley located in front of the rebar installation trolley, and the rebar trolley is equipped with two layers of push-pull working platforms.

[0067] In this embodiment, the rebar trolley includes a rebar lifting trolley and a rebar installation trolley positioned in front of the rebar installation trolley. The rebar lifting trolley is used to lift the rebar from the transport vehicle onto the rebar lifting trolley and store it on the platform of the rebar lifting trolley, serving as a means of transferring and temporarily storing the rebar. The rebar installation trolley is the workplace for operators to fabricate, tie, and install the rebar. The rebar trolley is equipped with two layers of push-pull working platforms. The push-pull structure can greatly save space, making the rebar trolley structure more compact, providing more working platforms for the rebar trolley without affecting the movement of the trolley.

[0068] More preferably, the rebar trolley includes a support frame, a traveling section, and a rebar conveying section. The traveling section is located at the bottom of the support frame and moves with it. The rebar conveying section is fixed to the support frame and rotatable relative to it. The rebar conveying section includes a placement platform, a top platform, and a transfer device. The placement platform is horizontally fixed to the support frame and extends along its length. The top platform is fixed to the placement platform and extends along its length. The transfer device is located between the placement platform and the top platform, allowing for switching between the two platforms for rebar hoisting. Thus, the transfer device between the placement platform and the top platform facilitates rebar hoisting between them, enabling flexible handling of the rebar during construction. This effectively utilizes the space of the rebar trolley used in TBM synchronous lining, providing temporary storage while also facilitating rebar fabrication, binding, and installation. This significantly shortens the construction period and greatly improves construction efficiency.

[0069] Preferably, in step S40, the secondary lining trolley includes a gantry assembly, a variable diameter telescopic assembly, a lining template assembly, and an extension assembly;

[0070] The lining template assembly includes several arc-shaped templates connected in sequence, which are detachably arranged on the periphery of the gantry assembly;

[0071] The diameter-changing telescopic component is installed between the gantry assembly and the lining template assembly. Its expansion and contraction cause the diameter of the lining template assembly to increase or decrease.

[0072] An extension component is provided at the notch of the lining template assembly when the diameter of the lining template assembly is increased.

[0073] The lining template assembly is symmetrically arranged in two groups along the central axis of the lining trolley; in the adjacent connected arc templates, at least one pair of arc templates is detachably connected; the extension assembly is detachably arranged between the detachable adjacent arc templates.

[0074] This embodiment presents a secondary lining trolley. By incorporating a lining template assembly composed of several arc-shaped templates, a diameter-changing telescopic assembly, and an extension assembly, the lining trolley's diameter can be quickly and adaptively adjusted according to the actual conditions of the tunnel under construction, thereby expanding its application range. Compared to traditional methods, which require redesigning and manufacturing new synchronous lining transport trolleys to deliver linings to the construction site when encountering diameter changes, this method significantly improves construction efficiency and reduces waste of manpower, financial resources, and time.

[0075] Preferably, the gantry assembly includes: a gantry body, a platform, and a platform telescopic component;

[0076] The gantry body is mounted on a track at the bottom of the tunnel;

[0077] The platform is detachably mounted on the gantry body;

[0078] The platform telescopic component is installed between the platform and the gantry body.

[0079] In this embodiment, the gantry assembly includes a gantry body and a platform, with a platform telescopic member added between them. When the diameter of the secondary lining trolley increases or decreases, the lower gantry body remains stationary. By extending or retracting the platform telescopic member located between the gantry body and the platform, the upper platform rises or falls accordingly, ensuring that the center of the lining template assembly rises or falls. This allows the overall frame of the gantry assembly to adapt to changes in the diameter of the secondary lining trolley, better supporting and bearing other components. It also adapts to changes in the force angle caused by changes in the diameter of the lining template assembly, improving the stress condition of the entire gantry assembly.

[0080] More preferably, the gantry assembly further includes a first adjusting member and / or a second adjusting member;

[0081] The first adjusting component is detachably installed between the gantry body and the platform;

[0082] The second adjustment component is detachably installed between the platform and the lining template assembly.

[0083] In this embodiment, after the expansion and contraction of the variable diameter expansion assembly is completed, the lining template assembly itself is very heavy. If the variable diameter expansion assembly continues to bear the weight of the lining template assembly for a long period of time, it will damage the expansion and contraction performance of the variable diameter expansion assembly, and may even lead to damage to the variable diameter expansion assembly, making the secondary lining trolley unusable. Therefore, a second adjusting component is added at the contact position between the platform and the lining template assembly. The second adjusting component bears the weight of the lining template assembly, which can improve the service life of the secondary lining trolley. At the same time, the adjustment distance of the second adjusting component is adapted to the change in the diameter of the tunnel cross-section, and the expansion and contraction of the variable diameter expansion assembly is no longer used to adapt to the change in the diameter of the tunnel cross-section, which can improve the accuracy of the diameter change.

[0084] Preferably, in steps S10 to S50, during the movement of the needle beam invert arch trolley, rebar trolley, secondary lining trolley, and curing trolley, a pipeline crossing device is used for pipeline crossing, and a line crossing device is used for line crossing. In this embodiment, during the movement of the needle beam invert arch trolley, rebar trolley, secondary lining trolley, and curing trolley, if traditional methods are used, various fixed supports such as mounting brackets are installed on the tunnel wall to support various pipelines and lines. Since the various trolleys frequently need to move up and down, left and right, and forward and backward, the fixed supports and the pipelines installed on the fixed supports will interfere with the movement of the trolleys. At this time, it is necessary to remove the fixed supports and the pipelines installed on the fixed supports to meet the needs of the trolleys to move up and down, left and right, and forward and backward. All of the above situations will greatly waste time, manpower, and material resources, and will also seriously affect the continuity and efficiency of construction. Using pipe crossing devices for pipe crossing and line crossing devices for line crossing avoids interference with pipes during the movement of various trolleys, and eliminates the need to disassemble and install brackets and other fixed supports. This simultaneously supports pipes and lines, improves the continuity and efficiency of construction, and greatly saves time, manpower, and resources.

[0085] For details, please refer to Figure 4 The pipeline crossing device includes: a traveling support 21, a support base 22 disposed above the traveling support 21, and a support frame 23;

[0086] The traveling support 21 is mounted on the liftable mobile device and moves relative to the mobile device in the vertical direction;

[0087] The support rack 23 is slidably mounted above the support base 22 to support the pipeline.

[0088] In this embodiment, a pipeline crossing device is provided. A support frame is used to carry the pipeline, providing support and ensuring that the pipeline does not affect the movement of the mobile device when it moves up and down, forward and backward, or left and right. For example, taking a secondary lining trolley during tunnel construction, which needs to move up and down, forward and backward, and left and right within the tunnel, the secondary lining trolley can be used as the mobile device. It can be raised and lowered and mounted on a traveling support. The traveling support is set on the tunnel track, and the pipeline used for tunnel construction is placed on the support frame. 1. When the secondary lining trolley needs to move up and down, it can move relative to the traveling support. In other words, when the secondary lining trolley moves up and down, it slides relative to the traveling support, keeping the horizontal height of the pipeline carried in the upper support frame unchanged. For example, when a pipeline crossing device is installed on the lining trolley, the traveling support on the pipeline crossing device passes through the sliding hole in the bottom longitudinal beam of the lining trolley gantry and slides up and down relative to the bottom longitudinal beam of the lining trolley. At this time, the pipeline carried in the support frame does not move. 2. When the secondary lining trolley moves back and forth in the tunnel, it can drive the traveling support to move back and forth as well, thereby driving the support frame to move back and forth as well. The support frame moves back and forth relative to the pipeline, and the pipeline on the support frame does not move, and does not interfere with the back and forth movement of the lining trolley. 3. When the secondary lining trolley moves left and right in the tunnel, it can drive the traveling support to move left and right as well, thereby driving the support seat to slide left and right relative to the support frame. Due to the large weight of the pipeline itself and the small friction between the support seat and the support frame, the support frame and the pipeline on the support frame do not move, and do not interfere with the left and right movement of the lining trolley. In summary, this pipeline crossing device not only supports the pipeline but also prevents the pipeline from being affected when the lining trolley moves up and down, forward and backward, or left and right. Under the action of this pipeline crossing device, the device for fixing the pipeline does not need to be disassembled during the operation of various trolleys, reducing pipeline wear, improving project quality, and reducing the intensity of manual labor.

[0089] Preferred, Reference Figure 4 The traveling support 21 is provided with support rollers 211 below it; preferably, the support rollers 211 are provided at the location of the pipeline to be installed and can move forward, backward and left and right.

[0090] More preferably, the upper end of the walking bracket 21 is rotatably connected to the right end of the support base 22. For example, a telescopic member 212 is provided above the walking bracket 21;

[0091] The first end of the telescopic component 212 is hinged to the walking bracket 21, and the second end is hinged to the support base 22.

[0092] In this embodiment, several embodiments of the traveling support 21 are provided. Support rollers are provided at the bottom to improve walking convenience. The upper end is rotatably connected to the right end of the support base. A telescopic component connected to the support base is added to the traveling support. Under the telescopic action of the component, the support base is pushed to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the rotatable connection point with the traveling support, increasing the adjustable range of the support base and improving the applicability of the pipeline crossing device. Optionally, the telescopic component is a structure with telescopic function, such as a telescopic screw, telescopic cylinder, or telescopic hydraulic cylinder, etc., and is not limited to the drawings.

[0093] Preferred, Reference Figure 4 A cylindrical roller 221 is provided above the support base 22, and a through hole is provided in the center of the cylindrical roller 221; a support frame roller 234 is provided below the housing of the support frame 23, corresponding to the position of the through hole; the support frame roller 234 is slidably disposed in the through hole of the cylindrical roller 221.

[0094] In this embodiment, a cylindrical roller with a central through hole is added to the support base, and a support frame roller is added below the support frame housing. (Refer to...) Figure 4 The rollers of the support frame slide left and right in the through hole of the cylindrical roller, so that the support frame can slide left and right with the support base. The structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0095] More preferably, hinge plates 222 are provided at both ends of the cylindrical roller, and the hinge plates 222 are fixedly mounted on the support base 22. This can improve the structural strength of the cylindrical roller 221 and prevent structural deformation due to the large weight of the pipeline. More preferably, limit ears 235 are provided at both ends of the support frame roller 234, and the limit ears 325 are fixedly connected to the housing 231. The minimum width of the limit ears at both ends is greater than the diameter of the through hole on the cylindrical roller. On the one hand, this enhances the structural strength of the support frame roller and prevents structural deformation due to the large weight of the pipeline. On the other hand, it limits the left and right sliding stroke of the support frame and the support plate.

[0096] Preferred, Reference Figure 4 The support frame 23 includes a housing 231 and a receiving cavity 232; the support frame 23 is slidably mounted on the support base 22 via the housing 231. It is worth noting that the structure and shape of the housing 231 can be arbitrarily set, and the receiving cavity is not limited to a closed structure; any location where a pipe can be placed can be a receiving cavity.

[0097] More preferably, the housing 231 of the support rack 23 is provided with support rack rollers on the inner side and / or bottom.

[0098] In this embodiment, several preferred embodiments of the support frame 23 are provided, which carries the pipeline through the receiving cavity to further protect the pipeline. More preferably, support frame rollers are added to the inner side and / or bottom of the housing 231 of the support frame 23. When the device to be moved moves back and forth, the pipeline placed in the support frame rolls relative to the inner wall of the support frame through the support frame rollers, which greatly reduces friction and avoids pipeline wear. It is understood that the number, diameter, and spacing of the support frame rollers can be arbitrarily set by those skilled in the art according to the length of the support frame and the diameter of the pipeline.

[0099] For details, please refer to Figure 5 The line crossing device includes: a support assembly 31, a guide assembly 32, a first roller assembly 33, and a second roller assembly 34;

[0100] Guide components 32 are disposed at both ends of support component 31;

[0101] The first roller assembly 33 is horizontally positioned in the middle of the support assembly 31;

[0102] The second roller assembly 34 is vertically mounted on the side of the support assembly 31.

[0103] In this embodiment, a cable crossing device is provided. Various cables, guided by a guide component at the front end of a support assembly, conveniently enter the cable crossing device. Firstly, the cable is laid on a first roller assembly in the middle of the support assembly, allowing it to roll on the first roller assembly during trolley movement, significantly reducing friction and preventing cable wear. Secondly, cable ends larger than the cable are attached to a second roller assembly on the side of the support assembly, allowing these larger cable ends to roll on the second roller assembly during trolley movement, further reducing friction and preventing cable wear. Finally, the cables are guided out by a guide component at the end of the support device. Overall, the cable crossing device in this embodiment can support and conveniently move various cables, allowing cables and cable ends to pass easily on mounting brackets without disassembly. This enables cables and cable connectors with diameters larger than the cable to be laid and advanced along with various trolleys, improving laying efficiency, reducing wear on cables and cable ends, improving project quality, and reducing manual labor intensity.

[0104] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and are described in a relatively specific and detailed manner. The combinations of their technical effects and features will not be repeated here, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simultaneous lining construction of a separate TBM, characterized in that, include: After the S10 and TBM tunneling, precast invert blocks are laid synchronously. Transport tracks are installed on the precast invert blocks, and symmetrical turnouts are set on the transport tracks to realize the switching of transport tracks. S20. After the precast inverted arch blocks and track are laid, the needle beam inverted arch trolley will follow the cast-in-place low side wall as the basis for the running track of the construction equipment in the subsequent process. S30. After the construction of the low side wall is completed, the steel reinforcement trolley equipment will follow up to tie the secondary lining steel reinforcement. After the secondary lining steel reinforcement is tied, the steel reinforcement trolley will move forward to the next construction position. S40. After the secondary lining reinforcement is tied, the secondary lining trolley will follow up to pour the secondary lining concrete. S50. After the concrete is poured and solidified, the curing trolley will follow to the same work station to cure the concrete. The TBM synchronous lining construction area includes a low side wall construction area, a steel reinforcement construction area, a side arch construction area, and a secondary lining curing area. The low side wall construction area is equipped with more than 2 needle beam inverted arch trolleys, the steel reinforcement construction area is equipped with more than 2 steel reinforcement trolleys, and the side arch construction area is equipped with more than 2 secondary lining trolleys. The low side wall construction area, the steel reinforcement construction area, and the side arch construction area are all constructed using the skip-work operation method. Step S20 includes: after the precast invert arch blocks and transport rails are installed, the needle beam invert arch trolley moves forward to tie the reinforcing bars of the short side wall. After the reinforcing bars are tied, the formwork demolding cylinder of the needle beam invert arch trolley is extended to make the short side wall formwork in place and firmly supported. The rail-mounted concrete conveyor vehicle travels to the location to pour concrete for the short side wall. After the concrete solidifies, the support is removed and the formwork demolding cylinder is retracted to make the short side wall formwork detach from the concrete. After the formwork is demolded, the needle beam invert arch trolley moves forward to the next construction position. After the concrete strength of the short side wall reaches the requirements, steel supports are laid on its upper surface for the laying of equipment passage rails to facilitate the passage of subsequent construction equipment. In step S20, the needle beam arch trolley includes a needle beam section, a beam frame section, and a transverse plate section. The beam frame section is a rectangular frame formed by connecting square tubes. The needle beam section passes through the beam frame section and is slidably connected to it. The transverse plate section is retractably fixed to the bottom end of the beam frame section and extends along the length of the transverse plate section. The needle beam section includes a needle beam, at least two sets of needle beam bases, and at least two sets of needle beam transverse movement mechanisms. The needle beam is a double-web box-shaped structure welded from a panel and supporting ribs. The needle beam bases are respectively disposed on the bottom surfaces of both ends of the needle beam and connected to the needle beam through the needle beam transverse movement mechanisms. One end of the needle beam transverse movement mechanism is slidably fixed to the top surface of the needle beam base and extends along the transverse direction of the needle beam. The other end, which is opposite to it, is fixed to the needle beam as a whole and moves together.

2. The method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S30 includes: A rebar lifting trolley and a rebar installation trolley are used. The rebar lifting trolley is used to quickly unload the rebar from the transport vehicle and lift it onto the rebar installation trolley. The secondary lining rebar is processed uniformly outside the tunnel as required, transported to the site, and finally manually installed and tied on the rebar installation trolley.

3. The method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM according to claim 2, characterized in that, The installation of the secondary lining reinforcement is controlled by a reinforcement positioning frame. Based on the measurement control points, the outer circumferential positioning reinforcement is tied first. After the positioning reinforcement is connected with longitudinal reinforcement, the longitudinal reinforcement is used as the basis for tying other circumferential reinforcement. After the outer layer is tied, the inner layer reinforcement is tied in the same way. The inner and outer layers of reinforcement are connected with reinforcing bars in time and spot welded by arc welding to enhance the overall rigidity.

4. The method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S40 includes: A pump truck and a secondary lining trolley are used in a one-to-one ratio. The pump truck is responsible for pumping concrete to the secondary lining trolley, which then erects the formwork and pours the concrete. When pouring concrete, it is poured symmetrically from bottom to top, with both sides working simultaneously or alternately.

5. The method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S30, the rebar trolley includes a rebar lifting trolley and a rebar installation trolley located in front of the rebar lifting trolley. The rebar trolley is equipped with two layers of push-pull working platforms.

6. The method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S40, the secondary lining trolley includes a gantry assembly, a variable diameter telescopic assembly, a lining template assembly, and an extension assembly. The lining template assembly includes several arc-shaped templates connected in sequence, which are detachably arranged on the periphery of the gantry assembly; The diameter-changing telescopic component is installed between the gantry assembly and the lining template assembly. Its expansion and contraction cause the diameter of the lining template assembly to increase or decrease. An extension component is provided at the notch of the lining template assembly when the diameter of the lining template assembly is increased. The lining template assembly is symmetrically arranged in two groups along the central axis of the lining trolley; in the adjacent connected arc templates, at least one pair of arc templates is detachably connected; the extension assembly is detachably arranged between the detachable adjacent arc templates.

7. The method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, In steps S10 to S50, during the movement of the needle beam arch trolley, the steel bar trolley, the secondary lining trolley, and the curing trolley, a pipeline crossing device is used to cross the pipelines, and a line crossing device is used to cross the lines.

8. The method for simultaneous lining construction of a separated TBM according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pipeline crossing device includes: a traveling support, a support base and a support frame installed above the traveling support; The traveling support is mounted on a liftable mobile device and moves relative to the mobile device in the vertical direction; The support rack, which slides left and right, is mounted above the support base to support the pipeline.

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