Testing device and method for interface friction coefficient of ultrasonic welding metal sheet
By designing a test device for detecting the friction coefficient of the ultrasonic welding metal thin plate, the problem of lack of detection devices in the prior art is solved, and effective evaluation and improvement of welding quality is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411904377.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
AI Technical Summary
During ultrasonic welding, there is a lack of a device to detect the friction coefficient between two thin metal plates, which affects the welding quality.
A test device is designed to detect real-time friction between the two metal thin plate interfaces through a sliding table and a force tester, and combine the preload adjustment component and the displacement adjustment component to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data.
It realizes accurate detection of the real-time friction coefficient of the interface between the two metal thin plates, improves the welding quality, and provides a solid technical foundation for the ultrasonic welding joints of the metal thin plates.
Smart Images
Figure CN119880775A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular to a testing device and a testing method for the interface friction coefficient of ultrasonically welded metal thin plates. Background Art
[0002] Ultrasonic welding is a process in which an ultrasonic generator converts a 50 Hz current into electrical energy of 15, 20, 30 or 40 kHz. The converted high-frequency electrical energy is converted again into mechanical vibration of the same frequency by a transducer, and then the mechanical vibration is transmitted to the welding head of the ultrasonic welding machine through the amplitude transformer. The welding head transmits the received vibration energy to the position where the workpieces to be welded need to be welded, and the vibration energy is converted into frictional heat and deformation energy between the workpieces to be welded by friction. As the welding process proceeds, the temperature of the welding interface increases, the parent material of the welding interface does not melt or melts a small amount, and the welding interface achieves metallurgical welding in a solid or small amount of liquid state. Ultrasonic welding of homogeneous / heterogeneous joints of thin metal materials is becoming more and more widely used in industries such as automobile bodies, aerospace, military industry, conductive tapes and lithium battery manufacturing.
[0003] During ultrasonic welding, the friction coefficient between two metal sheets has a great influence on the welding quality. However, up to now, there is no device for detecting the friction coefficient between two metal sheets during ultrasonic welding. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a testing device and a testing method for the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets, so as to lay a solid technical foundation for improving the quality of ultrasonic welded joints of metal sheets. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a testing device and a testing method for the interface friction coefficient of ultrasonically welded metal sheets.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a testing device for the interface friction coefficient of ultrasonically welded metal sheets, which is provided with a base, a slide is installed on the base through a guide rail, the lower metal sheet to be welded is fixed on the slide, the upper metal sheet to be welded is placed on the lower metal sheet to be welded in an overlapping manner, the ultrasonic welding machine welding head is located above the upper metal sheet to be welded, one side of the slide is pressed against the block, and the other side of the slide is provided with a push rod, a force tester, a preload adjustment component and a displacement adjustment component in sequence, the displacement output end of the displacement adjustment component is connected to the preload adjustment component, and the preload adjustment component is driven to move to adjust the preload output by the preload adjustment component, and the preload output by the preload adjustment component is transmitted to the slide through the force tester and the push rod in sequence.
[0006] As a preferred solution, a data processing unit is further provided, and the data detected by the force tester is transmitted to the data processing unit.
[0007] As a preferred solution, the data processing unit is composed of a data collection device, a data analysis system and a computer.
[0008] As a preferred solution, the displacement adjustment assembly consists of a fixed baffle and an adjustment bolt installed on the fixed baffle, the adjustment bolt is screwed into the threaded hole of the fixed baffle, and one end of the adjustment bolt extends out and presses against the preload adjustment assembly.
[0009] As a preferred solution, two or more adjusting bolts are provided, and the plurality of adjusting bolts are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the fixed baffle.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the preload adjustment assembly consists of an outer shell with a hollow inner cavity, a movable baffle installed in the inner cavity of the outer shell, and a spring. The spring is installed between the movable baffle and the inner wall of the outer shell. The adjusting bolt is screwed into the threaded hole of the fixed baffle, one end of which extends out and is tightened on the outer shell. The movable baffle is driven to move by turning the knob to adjust the bolt.
[0011] As a preferred solution, the movable baffle and the inner wall of the outer shell are respectively provided with positioning columns for limiting the spring; two or more springs are provided, and the multiple springs are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the inner cavity of the outer shell.
[0012] As a preferred solution, at least one supporting block is provided between the slide and the stop block.
[0013] As a preferred solution, the force tester is a piezoelectric force tester.
[0014] The scheme also includes a testing method for a testing device for testing the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets, the steps are as follows: S1, fixing the lower metal sheet to be welded on the slide, and then placing the upper metal sheet to be welded on the lower metal sheet to be welded in an overlapping manner; S2. Tighten the end face of one side of the slide onto the stopper, and sequentially provide a push rod, a force tester, a preload force adjustment component, and a displacement adjustment component on the other side of the slide. The displacement of the displacement adjustment component is used to adjust the preload force output by the preload force adjustment component, and the preload force is applied to the end face of the other side of the slide; S3. Then start the ultrasonic welding machine to weld the upper and lower metal sheets. At this time, the welding head presses the upper metal sheet. During the welding process, the force tester transmits the detected real-time force to the data processing unit, and calculates the real-time friction coefficient of the interface between the two metal sheets during the welding process based on the applied preload force and the pressure applied by ultrasonic welding.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Based on the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a testing device and a testing method for the interface friction coefficient of ultrasonically welded metal sheets. By optimizing the structure, two metal sheets to be welded are overlapped and fixed on a slide installed on a guide rail. One side of the slide is pressed against a stopper, and the other side is pressed against a preload adjustment component. The real-time friction force of the interface between the two metal sheets is transmitted to a piezoelectric force tester through the slide, so as to avoid direct contact between the metal sheets to be welded and the force measuring unit, thereby improving the accuracy of the force measurement data. The metal sheet to be welded is relatively thin. If it is in direct contact with the push rod, it will be deformed, and the rigidity is insufficient, which affects the accuracy of the measured force. At the same time, by designing a low-friction slide that can apply preload, the friction between the slide and the guide rail is reduced, and the real-time friction force of the interface between the two metal sheets can be accurately transmitted to the piezoelectric force tester. Therefore, the testing device for the interface friction coefficient of ultrasonically welded metal sheets can accurately obtain the real-time friction coefficient of the interface between the two metal sheets, laying a solid technical foundation for improving the quality of ultrasonic welded joints of metal sheets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the testing device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Structural cross-sectional view of the middle preload adjustment assembly.
[0018] Figure markings: 1-base, 2-force tester, 3-guide rail, 4-slide, 5-stopper, 6-support block, 7-lower metal sheet to be welded, 8-ultrasonic welding machine welding head, 9-upper metal sheet to be welded, 10-push rod, 11-preload force adjustment assembly, 111, outer shell, 112, movable baffle, 113, spring, 12-fixed baffle, 13-adjusting bolt a, 14-adjusting bolt b, 15-data collection device, 16-data analysis system, 17-computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following specific examples are given to further clearly, completely and in detail illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. This example is the best example based on the technical solution of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[0020] It should be noted that: unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the invention belongs; the words "one", "an" or "the" and the like used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not express quantity limitations, but indicate the existence of at least one; the words "include" or "comprise" and the like indicate that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects with the same function; In order to more clearly describe the specific structural composition and testing process of a testing device for the interface friction coefficient of ultrasonically welded metal thin plates, this embodiment is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 As shown, a testing device for the interface friction coefficient of ultrasonically welded metal sheets is mainly composed of a base 1, a slide 4, metal sheets 7 and 9 to be welded, an ultrasonic welding machine welding head 8, a stopper 5, a push rod 10, a preload adjustment component 11, a displacement adjustment component and a data processing unit, wherein a guide rail 3 is fixedly installed on the base 1, and the slide 4 is installed on the guide rail 3. The friction between the slide and the guide rail is as low as possible to avoid affecting the accuracy of the output of the interface friction between the two metal sheets. The lower metal sheet to be welded is fixed on the upper surface of the slide so that the lower metal sheet to be welded can move synchronously with the slide during the welding process, and then the upper metal sheet to be welded is placed on the lower surface in an overlapping manner. On the metal sheet to be welded, the ultrasonic welding machine welding head is located above the upper metal sheet to be welded, one side of the slide 4 is pressed against the stopper 5, and the other side of the slide 4 is provided with a push rod 10, a force tester 2, a preload adjustment component 11 and a displacement adjustment component in sequence, the displacement output end of the displacement adjustment component is connected to the preload adjustment component 11, and the preload adjustment component is driven to move to adjust the preload output by the preload adjustment component 11. The preload output by the preload adjustment component is transmitted to the slide 4 through the force tester 2 and the push rod 10 in sequence. After setting the preload, the ultrasonic welding machine is started to weld the upper and lower metal sheets, and the welding head presses the upper metal sheet.
[0021] In this embodiment, the data processing unit is composed of a data collection device 15, a data analysis system 16 and a computer 17. The force tester 2 is connected to the data collection device 15. The data collection device 15 obtains the real-time force transmitted by the force tester 2 and knows the size of the applied preload force. The two are added together to obtain the real-time friction force of the welding interface, and the data of the real-time friction force is transmitted to the data analysis system 16. The data analysis system 16 processes and analyzes the data obtained by the data collection device 15, divides the obtained real-time friction force by the pressure applied by ultrasonic welding, and obtains the real-time friction coefficient of the interface between the two metal sheets during the welding process, which is then output through the computer 17.
[0022] In this embodiment, the displacement adjustment assembly is composed of a fixed baffle 12 and an adjustment bolt installed on the fixed baffle. The adjustment bolt is screwed into the threaded hole of the fixed baffle 12, and one end of the adjustment bolt extends out and presses against the preload adjustment assembly 11. Figure 1 As shown, there are two adjusting bolts, namely adjusting bolt a13 and adjusting bolt b14. The preload force is adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolt a13 and the adjusting bolt b14 to control the movement of the preload force adjustment assembly 11; when the adjusting bolts are set to multiple, the multiple adjusting bolts are spaced apart along the length direction of the fixed baffle.
[0023] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the preload force adjustment component 11 consists of an outer shell 111 with a hollow inner cavity, a movable baffle 112 installed in the inner cavity of the outer shell 111, and a spring 113. The spring 113 is installed between the movable baffle and the inner wall of the outer shell. The adjusting bolts a13 and b14 are screwed into the threaded holes of the fixed baffle 12, and one end thereof extends out and presses against the outer shell 111. The outer shell 111 is driven to move by turning the knob adjusting bolts a13 and b14 to compress the spring 113. The spring 113 outputs force to the movable baffle 112, thereby pressing the force tester 2 against the push rod 10 through the movable baffle 112, and the push rod 10 is pressed against the slide 4.
[0024] In this embodiment, positioning columns for limiting the spring 113 are respectively provided on the inner wall of the movable baffle 112 and the outer shell 111; two or more springs 113 are provided, and the multiple springs 113 are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the inner cavity of the outer shell 111.
[0025] From the above content, it can be seen that the size of the preload force applied by this scheme is related to the elastic coefficient of the spring 113 itself and the length of the adjusting bolt knob. Technicians in this field can obtain the value of the above preload force and adjust it in real time at the same time. The preload force value can be set in advance and input into the data processing unit.
[0026] In this embodiment, the force tester 2 is a piezoelectric force tester. The detected data of the force tester 2 is transmitted to the data collection device 15. The sampling frequency of the piezoelectric force tester is 120 kHz, ensuring that the friction force of the welding interface in each cycle can be completely detected.
[0027] In this embodiment, at least one supporting block 6 is provided between the slide 4 and the stop block 5 .
[0028] The scheme also includes a testing method for a testing device for testing the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets, the steps are as follows: Step 1: The lower metal sheet to be welded is fixed on the upper surface of the slide table so that the lower metal sheet to be welded can move synchronously with the slide table during the welding process, and then the upper metal sheet to be welded is placed on the lower metal sheet to be welded in an overlapping manner; Step 2: Tighten the end face of one side of the slide onto the stopper, and the other side of the slide is provided with a push rod, a force tester, a preload adjustment component and a displacement adjustment component in sequence, and the displacement adjustment component outputs a displacement to adjust the preload output by the preload adjustment component, and the preload is applied to the end face of the other side of the slide; Step 3: Then start the ultrasonic welding machine to weld the upper and lower metal sheets. At this time, the welding head presses the upper metal sheet. During the welding process, the force tester transmits the detected real-time force to the data processing unit, and calculates the real-time friction coefficient of the interface between the two metal sheets during the welding process based on the applied preload force and the pressure applied by ultrasonic welding.
[0029] It should be noted that: the lower metal sheet 7 to be welded is fixed on the sliding block 4, the welding area of the upper metal sheet 9 to be welded overlaps the lower metal sheet 7 to be welded, and the time, pressure, amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic welding machine welding head acting on the lower metal sheet 7 to be welded and the upper metal sheet 9 to be welded are controlled by the ultrasonic welding machine. For example, the following welding parameters are adopted: the direction of the applied pressure is perpendicular to the metal sheet, that is, parallel to the Y direction, and the magnitude is 1600 N; the applied amplitude is parallel to the metal sheet, that is, parallel to the X direction, and the magnitude is 45 μm, the welding frequency is 20 kHz, and the welding time is 0.8 s. The upper metal sheet to be welded is a pure copper sheet with a thickness of 1.0 mm, and the lower metal sheet to be welded is a pure copper sheet with a thickness of 1.0 mm.
[0030] The parts not described in detail in the above embodiments are prior art.
[0031] It should be noted that although the present invention is described by the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it is obvious that those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and deformations to the present invention, but these changes and deformations should all fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A testing device for the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets, characterized in that: A base is provided, and a slide is installed on the base through a guide rail. The lower metal sheet to be welded is fixed on the slide, and the upper metal sheet to be welded is placed on the lower metal sheet to be welded in an overlapping manner. The ultrasonic welding machine welding head is located above the upper metal sheet to be welded. One side of the slide is tightly pressed against the block, and the other side of the slide is sequentially provided with a push rod, a force tester, a preload adjustment component and a displacement adjustment component. The displacement output end of the displacement adjustment component is connected to the preload adjustment component, and the preload adjustment component is driven to move to adjust the preload output by the preload adjustment component. The preload output by the preload adjustment component is sequentially transmitted to the slide through the force tester and the push rod.
2. The testing device for the friction coefficient of the ultrasonically welded metal sheet interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: A data processing unit is also provided, and the data detected by the force tester is transmitted to the data processing unit.
3. The testing device for the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing unit is composed of a data collection device, a data analysis system and a computer.
4. The testing device for the friction coefficient of the ultrasonically welded metal sheet interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement adjustment component is composed of a fixed baffle and an adjustment bolt installed on the fixed baffle. The adjustment bolt is screwed into the threaded hole of the fixed baffle, and one end of the adjustment bolt extends out and is tightened on the preload adjustment component.
5. The testing device for the friction coefficient of the ultrasonically welded metal sheet interface according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two or more adjusting bolts, and the plurality of adjusting bolts are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the fixed baffle.
6. The testing device for the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preload force adjustment assembly consists of an outer shell with a hollow inner cavity, a movable baffle installed in the inner cavity of the outer shell, and a spring. The spring is installed between the movable baffle and the inner wall of the outer shell. The adjusting bolt is screwed into the threaded hole of the fixed baffle, one end of which extends out and is tightened on the outer shell. The movable baffle is driven to move by turning the knob to adjust the bolt.
7. The testing device for the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable baffle and the inner wall of the outer shell are respectively provided with positioning columns for limiting the spring; two or more springs are provided, and the multiple springs are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the inner cavity of the outer shell.
8. The testing device for the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one supporting block is arranged between the slide and the stop block.
9. The testing device for the friction coefficient of the interface of ultrasonically welded metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force tester is a piezoelectric force tester.
10. The testing method of the testing device for testing the interface friction coefficient of ultrasonically welded metal sheets according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Here are the steps: S1, fixing the lower metal sheet to be welded on the slide, and then placing the upper metal sheet to be welded on the lower metal sheet to be welded in an overlapping manner; S2. Tighten the end face of one side of the slide onto the stopper, and sequentially provide a push rod, a force tester, a preload force adjustment component, and a displacement adjustment component on the other side of the slide. The displacement of the displacement adjustment component is used to adjust the preload force output by the preload force adjustment component, and the preload force is applied to the end face of the other side of the slide; S3. Then start the ultrasonic welding machine to weld the upper and lower metal sheets. At this time, the welding head presses the upper metal sheet. During the welding process, the force tester transmits the detected real-time force to the data processing unit, and calculates the real-time friction coefficient of the interface between the two metal sheets during the welding process based on the applied preload force and the pressure applied by ultrasonic welding.