Preparation method of full-color photovoltaic module for packaging structural color film

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a full-color photovoltaic module for packaging a structural color film, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module preparation, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the plasma treatment of the photovoltaic module, and enabling the surface dyne value of the photovoltaic module to be greater than 40; siO2 nanoparticles with different particle sizes are synthesized through regulation and control of a solvent; the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing a certain mass of SiO2 powder with different particle sizes, performing ultrasonic treatment by taking ethanol as a dispersing agent to obtain uniformly dispersed SiO2 suspension liquid, coating the SiO2 suspension liquid on the surface of transparent glass or a film, and performing freeze drying to obtain a SiO2 nano-particle pattern layer, namely a photonic crystal structure color film layer; the surface of the SiO2 nano-particle pattern layer on the photonic crystal structure color film layer is coated with bonding gloss oil; and the bonding gloss oil coated on the photonic crystal structure color film layer is bonded on the photovoltaic front plate. The photonic crystal structure color film layer is adopted, the preparation process is safe and non-toxic, resources are saved, and the light utilization rate of the full-color layer is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film. Background Art

[0002] Most existing photovoltaic modules are blue-black, which makes them difficult to blend naturally with the surrounding architectural environment visually. This not only affects the overall aesthetics of the building, but also limits the widespread application of photovoltaic technology in urban and rural buildings. However, the emergence of colored photovoltaic modules provides a new idea to solve this problem.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic modules have a variety of colors and can be used in various application scenarios. The current method of coloring photovoltaic modules is to use ink to display the color layer. The thickness of the ink layer will cause some light to be unable to be captured by the photovoltaic module, resulting in light loss and reduced light utilization. At the same time, although the use of external light-curing ink is environmentally friendly, it still has a pungent odor that is harmful to health and has a short service life.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic component that uses a photonic crystal structural color thin film layer. The preparation process is safe and non-toxic, saves resources, and improves the utilization rate of light by the full-color layer. At the same time, the layer is encapsulated in the inner layer through lamination, thereby extending the service life of the full-color photovoltaic component.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Plasma treatment is performed on the photovoltaic module, and the surface dyne value of the photovoltaic module is greater than 40;

[0009] S2, synthesizing SiO2 nanoparticles with particle sizes of 304nm, 260nm, and 200nm by solvent regulation;

[0010] S3, weighing a certain mass of SiO2 powder of different particle sizes, using ethanol as a dispersant, and ultrasonically treating for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed SiO2 suspension, coating the SiO2 suspension on a transparent glass or film surface, and freeze-drying to obtain a SiO2 nanoparticle layer, that is, forming a photonic crystal structure color film layer;

[0011] S4, coating a bonding varnish on the surface of the SiO2 nanoparticle layer on the photonic crystal structure color thin film layer;

[0012] S5. Bond the adhesive varnish applied in S4 to the photovoltaic front panel.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation process of SiO2 nanoparticles in step S2 is as follows: 65-95 mL of ethanol, 8 mL of ammonia water and 3 mL of ultrapure water are added to a 250 mL round-bottom flask in sequence, and heated to react at a water bath temperature of 50°C and a stirring speed of 600 r / min;

[0014] After the temperature stabilized, 6 mL of ethyl orthosilicate was quickly added to the mixed solution, and a milky white SiO2 nanoparticle suspension was obtained after 2 h;

[0015] SiO2 nanoparticle powder is obtained through centrifugation, washing and freeze-drying.

[0016] Furthermore, for the SiO2 suspension prepared in step S3, SiO2 suspensions with particle sizes of 304 nm, 260 nm, and 200 nm are selected and mixed according to a mass ratio, and ultrasonically dispersed for 1 hour to obtain a uniformly mixed suspension.

[0017] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304 nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260 nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10.

[0018] Furthermore, the mass ratio of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 260 nm to SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 200 nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10.

[0019] Furthermore, the mass ratio of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304 nm to the suspension with a particle size of 200 nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. Use photonic crystal structural colors instead of ink. The high light transmittance of the photonic crystal (SiO2 nanoparticle) structural color film layer allows more light to shine on the photovoltaic module, and through the interference of light, the film has a multi-view full-color effect, which not only improves the utilization rate of light in photovoltaic modules, but also saves costs and resources by using structural colors instead of ink.

[0022] 2. Prepare the photonic crystal structure color film layer on transparent glass or film, and bond the glass color surface to the front glass of the photovoltaic module through bonding varnish, that is, encapsulate the color layer, which protects the full-color layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0024] A method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0025] S1. Perform plasma treatment on photovoltaic modules. In a dust-free environment of not less than Class 100,000, use cyclonic high-pressure dust removal equipment and oil-free compressed air to clean and purge the surface of photovoltaic modules. Then perform plasma activation treatment on the cleaned surface of photovoltaic modules, adjust the plasma nozzle to a height of 10mm to 20mm, and the surface dyne value of the photovoltaic modules is greater than 40.

[0026] S2. Synthesize SiO2 nanoparticles with particle sizes of 304nm, 260nm, and 200nm by solvent regulation; in the entire solvent regulation particle size synthesis reaction system, the volumes of ammonia water, ultrapure water, and ethyl orthosilicate remain unchanged, and the volume of ethanol is changed to achieve effective regulation of the SiO2 particle size;

[0027] The preparation process of SiO2 nanoparticles is as follows: 65-95mL ethanol, 8mL ammonia water and 3mL ultrapure water are added to a 250mL round-bottom flask in sequence, and heated to react under the conditions of a water bath temperature of 50°C and a stirring speed of 600r / min; after the temperature stabilizes, 6mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate is quickly added to the mixed solution, and a milky white SiO2 nanoparticle suspension is obtained after 2h; SiO2 nanoparticle powder is obtained after centrifugation, washing and freeze-drying; 95mL, 75mL and 65mL of ethanol are required to synthesize SiO2 nanoparticles with particle sizes of 304nm, 260nm and 200nm, respectively.

[0028] S3, weigh a certain mass of SiO2 powder with different particle sizes, use ethanol as a dispersant, and ultrasonically treat for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed SiO2 suspension with a mass concentration of 20 mg / mL, select SiO2 suspensions with particle sizes of 304 nm, 260 nm, and 200 nm, mix them according to a mass ratio, and ultrasonically disperse them for 1 hour to obtain a uniformly mixed suspension, apply the SiO2 suspension on the surface of a transparent glass or film, and obtain a SiO2 nanoparticle layer by freeze-drying, that is, forming a photonic crystal structure color film layer;

[0029] S4, coating a bonding varnish on the surface of the SiO2 nanoparticle layer on the photonic crystal structure color thin film layer;

[0030] S5. Bond the adhesive varnish applied in S4 to the photovoltaic front panel.

[0031] The mass ratio of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10; when the mass ratio of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260nm is 10:0, it is red, and when the mass ratio of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260nm is 0:10, it is green, and when the mass ratios of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260nm are 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10, the color scheme gradually changes from red to green.

[0032] The mass ratio of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 260nm to the suspension with a particle size of 200nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10; when the mass ratio of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260nm is 10:0, it is green, and when the mass ratio of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260nm is 0:10, it is blue. When the mass ratios of the SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260nm are 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10, the color gradually changes from green to green-blue.

[0033] The mass ratio of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to that of suspension with a particle size of 200nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10; when the mass ratio of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to that of suspension with a particle size of 260nm is 10:0, it is red, and when the mass ratio of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to that of suspension with a particle size of 260nm is 0:10, it is blue, and when the mass ratios of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to that of suspension with a particle size of 260nm are 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10, the color scheme gradually changes from red to green-blue.

[0034] The present application adopts SiO2 suspension of different particle sizes to form a photonic crystal structure color film layer, and the photonic crystal structure color film layer has a medium with different dielectric constants, and its basic feature is that it has a photonic band gap (or photonic bandgap). Due to the existence of the photonic band gap, the photonic crystal structure color film layer can modulate the propagation of electromagnetic waves. When its band gap falls in the visible light band, that is, within the range of 380-780nm, electromagnetic waves of wavelengths close to it will not be able to enter the inside of the photonic crystal structure color film layer, but will be selectively reflected by the photonic crystal structure color film layer, and then coherent diffraction will be formed on the surface of the periodically arranged photonic crystal structure color film layer, and the interference reflected light therein will stimulate the human visual system, and a bright and beautiful structural color effect will be produced. Compared with traditional pigment colors, structural colors have good chemical stability, and have higher saturation than chemical colors, bright colors, environmentally friendly and not easy to fade, so they have good application prospects in many fields.

[0035] When the pattern formed by SiO2 nanoparticles of a certain size is observed from different angles, the angle of incidence changes, and then the wavelength of the structural color changes, and the human eye can observe different colors. The particle size of SiO2 nanoparticles directly affects the interplanar spacing. By regulating the particle size, the interplanar spacing will also change. Therefore, when SiO2 particle photons of different sizes form a pattern, the colors displayed will also be different. However, compared to chemical pigments, SiO2 photonic crystals are affected by incoherent scattered light while producing color, which makes the prepared structural color saturation low and the color whitish. Researchers have found that black substances can absorb incoherent scattered light and thus increase color saturation. Photovoltaic modules are basically blue-black. The structure of this patent can absorb more background light and incoherent scattered light to make the structural color rendering effect better, and these lights can be reused for photovoltaic power generation.

[0036] The present application utilizes the characteristics of the photonic crystal to form a SiO2 thin film coating (photonic crystal structural color thin film layer), prepares SiO2 nanoparticles of different particle sizes to form different pattern colors, or prepares SiO2 nanoparticles of two particle sizes, and controls the presentation of different colors by adjusting the doping ratio. Changing the viewing angle can also present different colors, thereby forming a new color pattern, that is, a multi-viewing angle full-color layer.

[0037] This application realizes the multi-faceted utilization of light. A part of the light is absorbed by the photovoltaic module through the high permeability of nanoparticles, and the other part of the light is diffracted by the coherent SiO2 nanoparticles to form a multi-view full-color picture. This application not only improves the utilization rate of light by photovoltaic modules, but also saves costs and resources by using structural colors instead of ink. The photonic crystal structural color film layer is made on the inner layer of transparent glass or film, the color layer is mirrored, and is bonded to the front glass of the photovoltaic module through adhesive varnish, and finally after UV curing, it can achieve the function of long-term protection of the material.

[0038] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that, for those skilled in the art, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above description is illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Plasma treatment is performed on the photovoltaic module, and the surface dyne value of the photovoltaic module is greater than 40; S2, synthesizing SiO2 nanoparticles with particle sizes of 304nm, 260nm, and 200nm by solvent regulation; S3, weighing SiO2 powders of different particle sizes, using ethanol as a dispersant, and ultrasonically treating for 5 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed SiO2 suspension, coating the SiO2 suspension on a transparent glass or film surface, and freeze-drying to obtain a SiO2 nanoparticle layer, that is, forming a photonic crystal structure color film layer; S4, coating a bonding varnish on the surface of the SiO2 nanoparticle layer on the photonic crystal structure color thin film layer; S5. Bond the adhesive varnish applied in S4 to the photovoltaic front panel.

2. The method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2: The preparation process of SiO2 nanoparticles is as follows: 65-95 mL of ethanol, 8 mL of ammonia water and 3 mL of ultrapure water are added to a 250 mL round-bottom flask in sequence, and heated to react at a water bath temperature of 50°C and a stirring speed of 600 r / min; After the temperature stabilized, 6 mL of ethyl orthosilicate was quickly added to the mixed solution, and a milky white SiO2 nanoparticle suspension was obtained after 2 h; SiO2 nanoparticle powder is obtained through centrifugation, washing and freeze-drying.

3. The method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SiO2 suspension prepared in step S3 is selected and mixed with SiO2 suspensions of particle sizes of 304 nm, 260 nm, and 200 nm according to a mass ratio, and ultrasonically dispersed for 1 h to obtain a uniformly mixed suspension.

4. The method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304nm to the suspension with a particle size of 260nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:

10.

5. The method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 260nm to SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 200nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:

10.

6. The method for preparing a full-color photovoltaic module encapsulating a structural color film according to claim 3, characterized in that The mass ratio of SiO2 suspension with a particle size of 304 nm to the suspension with a particle size of 200 nm is 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:10.