Magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device

Abstract

The invention provides a magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device which is characterized in that a cylindrical cavity is formed in a cutter handle, and a cylindrical connecting sleeve is arranged in the cavity of the cutter handle; the rear cover plate, the torsional vibrator and the front cover plate are locked by a connecting bolt through threaded holes in the front cover plate; a coil rack is sleeved on the torsional vibrator, and a coil is wound on the coil rack; the coil rack and the coil are connected with a machine tool and do not rotate along with a machine tool spindle; the amplitude-change pole is fixedly connected with the front cover plate; a threaded hole is formed in the front end of the amplitude-change pole, a tool is inserted into the collet chuck, then the collet chuck fixes the tool in a matched mode through the collet chuck locking sleeve, the collet chuck locking sleeve is fixed to the amplitude-change pole through threads, and when the collet chuck locking sleeve is screwed into the amplitude-change pole, the collet chuck locking sleeve extrudes the collet chuck, so that the collet chuck clamps the tool. According to the magnetostrictive torsional vibration transducer, the defects that in the prior art, the structural stability is reduced, the energy conversion efficiency is reduced, the vibration interference is increased, and the maintenance and repair difficulty is large are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention covers the technical scope of ultrasonic machining devices and is an innovative design and development of ultrasonic torsional vibration devices. Background Art

[0002] Ultrasonic machining is a technical means of using high-frequency vibration to perform precision machining on tools or workpieces. This technology has been widely used in the field of hard and brittle materials and difficult-to-machine materials due to its significant advantages such as low cutting force, forming accuracy, high surface quality and slight tool wear. Early rotary ultrasonic vibration machining generally adopted the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration mode. However, this mode is usually limited to the use of diamond abrasive tools due to the large axial impact force generated by ordinary longitudinal ultrasonic motion, which limits its application scope to a certain extent.

[0003] Compared with torsional ultrasonic vibration, longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration has a wider range of applicability and is compatible with carbide tools and diamond abrasive tools. However, the longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device also faces many challenges in its implementation, such as the difficulty in adjusting the longitudinal-torsional ratio, the strong axial vibration that can easily cause tool chipping or damage, and the relatively low longitudinal-torsional conversion efficiency.

[0004] In view of the above situation, in the field of high-precision processing such as ultrasonic milling and ultrasonic grinding, effectively controlling or eliminating the axial vibration of the tool has become a problem to be solved. The torsional vibration device that realizes torsional output of the tool can effectively cope with the above challenges through its unique design principle, providing strong support for improving processing quality and efficiency.

[0005] The magnetostrictive effect refers to the effect of reversible changes in the geometric dimensions of magnetic materials during the magnetization process due to changes in external magnetic field conditions. When a magnetic material is placed in an external magnetic field, its internal magnetic domains will be rearranged, and this change in arrangement will cause a slight change in the length or volume of the material. The magnetostrictive effect and the inverse effect are based on magnetic-mechanical conversion. Iron-based amorphous materials are often used to prepare magnetostrictive materials, but giant magnetostrictive materials have a higher electromechanical coupling coefficient and can achieve efficient mutual conversion of magnetic energy and mechanical energy.

[0006] The ultrasonic transducer is the core device of the ultrasonic machining system. It can convert the input electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration energy. The converted mechanical vibration energy is transmitted to the tool head through the transducer. The tool head then generates energy through vibration to act on the surface of the machining material, thereby realizing the cutting of the tool. At present, the two most widely used ultrasonic transducers are mainly magnetostrictive transducers and piezoelectric transducers. In the application, magnetostrictive materials have the advantages of fast response speed, strong strain capacity and high energy conversion efficiency compared with piezoelectric ceramic materials. In the future field of ultrasonic machining, magnetostrictive transducers are expected to be more widely used and developed. At this stage, since most magnetostrictive torsional vibration ultrasonic transducers are coils that twist with the torsional vibrator, the structural stability of the entire transducer will decrease. During the torsional process, the coil may be subjected to uneven stress and deformation, which may cause the wire inside the coil to break, the insulation layer to break or the overall deformation of the coil. These structural changes will directly affect the energy conversion efficiency, increase vibration interference, increase the difficulty of maintenance and repair, shorten the service life, and may even cause the transducer to fail. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to propose an innovative improved device for the existing magnetostrictive torsional vibration transducer, which has the disadvantages of reduced structural stability, reduced energy conversion efficiency, increased vibration interference, and difficulty in maintenance and repair. The device optimizes the connection between the coil and the torsional vibrator, and the coil does not rotate with the main shaft during the driving process, thereby effectively avoiding the problems of wire breakage and insulation layer damage caused by the rotation of the coil with the torsional vibrator.

[0008] The specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0009] A magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device, the cutting device comprises a tool handle 1, a cylindrical cavity is formed inside the tool handle 1, a cylindrical connecting sleeve 2 is arranged in the cavity of the tool handle 1; a connecting bolt 8 locks a rear cover plate 3, a torsional vibrator 4 and a front cover plate 7 through a threaded hole on a front cover plate 7; a coil frame 5 is sleeved on the torsional vibrator 4, and a coil 6 is wound on the coil frame 5; the coil frame 5 and the coil 6 are connected to a machine tool and do not rotate with the main shaft of the machine tool; a variable amplitude rod 10 is fixedly connected to the front cover plate 7; a threaded hole is arranged at the front end of the variable amplitude rod 10, a tool 12 is inserted into a collet 11, and then the collet 11 cooperates and fixes the tool 12 through a collet locking sleeve 13, the collet locking sleeve 13 is fixed on the variable amplitude rod 10 through threads, and when the collet locking sleeve 13 is screwed into the variable amplitude rod 10, the collet locking sleeve 13 squeezes the collet 11, so that the collet 11 clamps the tool 12.

[0010] The further optimized solution is:

[0011] The torsion vibrator 4 includes a holder 4.1, a magnetostrictive material 4.2 and a permanent magnet 4.3. The holder 4.1 is fixed between the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 by bonding. The holder 4.1 includes a cylindrical column 4.4 with a through hole in the middle. A plurality of partitions 4.5 are evenly arranged around the middle of the radial direction on the outer surface of the cylindrical column 4.4. A partition column 4.6 is arranged between the partitions 4.5. The length of the partition 4.5 is greater than that of the partition column 4.6. The torsion vibrator 4 includes a plurality of groups of bending vibrators, each group of bending vibrators includes two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four Permanent magnet 4.3; magnetostrictive material 4.2 is arranged between partition 4.5 and partition column 4.6, and magnetostrictive material 4.2 is fixed to retainer 4.1 and front cover plate 7 and rear cover plate 3 respectively by bonding; two permanent magnets 4.3 are arranged at both ends of partition 4.5 respectively, and the two permanent magnets 4.3 are located between two magnetostrictive materials 4.2, and the two permanent magnets 4.3 are in contact with each other, one of the permanent magnets 4.3 is in contact with one of the magnetostrictive materials 4.2, and the other permanent magnet 4.3 is in contact with the other magnetostrictive material 4.2.

[0012] The further optimized solution is:

[0013] The two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and the four permanent magnets 4.3 in the bending vibrator form a closed magnetic circuit. The magnetic field strength of the bending vibrator is the largest at the permanent magnet 4.3 and gradually weakens toward the magnetostrictive materials 4.2 on both sides. The magnetic fields inside the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 in the bending vibrator are in opposite directions. The magnetic field strength is the lowest at the axial center of the magnetostrictive material 4.2, and the magnetic field strength at both ends gradually increases.

[0014] The further optimized solution is:

[0015] The magnetic moment of the bending oscillator is directed from the N pole of a pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on one side of the partition 4.5 to the S pole of another pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on the other side of the partition 4.5 through the magnetostrictive material 4.2, and all magnetic moment curves are symmetrical; the magnetic poles of one of the pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on one side of the partition 4.5 are S poles and N poles or N poles and S poles from the inside to the outside, and the magnetic poles of the corresponding other one are N poles and S poles or S poles and N poles from the inside to the outside.

[0016] The further optimized solution is:

[0017] The torsional vibrator 4 comprises a plurality of single groups of bending vibrators by forming a group of two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3. A single group of bending vibrators is formed by splicing two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3 to form a closed magnetic circuit. The initial bias magnetic field directions of the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 in each group are opposite to each other through the excitation of the external excitation coil 6. When the excitation coil 6 generates an alternating magnetic field, its magnetic field direction is necessarily opposite to the initial bias magnetic field direction of one of the magnetostrictive materials 4.2, thereby causing the magnetostrictive material 4.2 to shorten. The initial bias magnetic field direction of the other magnetostrictive material 4.2 is the same as the alternating magnetic field direction, thereby causing it to lengthen. The two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 are caused to generate a phase difference of 180°, thereby generating bending vibration. When all groups of bending vibrators are bending and vibrating in the same direction, the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 generate torsional vibration opposite to the bending direction of the vibrators.

[0018] The further optimized solution is:

[0019] After the initial bias magnetic field is applied to the permanent magnet 4.3, the single magnetostrictive material 4.2 is excited by the AC magnetic field provided by the coil 6, resulting in periodic extension and contraction, and high-frequency longitudinal vibration.

[0020] The further optimized solution is:

[0021] Alternating current is passed through both ends of the coil 6 to provide an alternating magnetic field to the magnetostrictive material 4.2. The amplitude transformer 10 concentrates and amplifies the vibration energy during the ultrasonic transmission process to amplify the torsional angle or tangential vibration. The bending vibrator 4 transmits and amplifies the torsional vibration to the tool 12 through the front cover plate 7 and the amplitude transformer 10 for ultrasonic torsional vibration processing.

[0022] The further optimized solution is:

[0023] The tool handle 1, the connecting sleeve 2 and the rear cover plate 3 are connected by connecting the top screw 9 and fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool.

[0024] The further optimized solution is:

[0025] Epoxy resin is used in the bonding method.

[0026] The further optimized solution is:

[0027] Each pair of permanent magnets 4.3 in each group of bending vibrators in the torsion vibrator 4 is symmetrically distributed.

[0028] The present invention solves the shortcomings of the magnetostrictive torsional vibration transducer in the prior art, such as decreased structural stability, decreased energy conversion efficiency, increased vibration interference, and difficulty in maintenance and repair. By optimizing the connection method between the coil and the torsional vibrator (multiple bending vibrators), and the coil not rotating with the main shaft during the driving process, the problems of wire breakage and insulation layer damage caused by the rotation of the torsional vibrator (multiple bending vibrators) by the coil can be effectively avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cutting device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 An exploded view of the cutting device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the horn and the front cover plate of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a coil frame and a coil of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bending vibrator of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 The explosion view of the torsion vibrator of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 7 The explosion view of the torsion vibrator of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the bending realization of each group of bending vibrators of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall torsion of the bending vibrator of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 This is a magnetic field distribution diagram of a single group of bending vibrators of the present invention under the overall driving magnetic field;

[0039] Fig.11 It is a magnetic field distribution cloud diagram of a single group of bending vibrators of the present invention under the overall driving magnetic field;

[0040] The codes of the main components in the figure are: handle 1, connecting sleeve 2, rear cover 3, torsion vibrator 4, retainer 4.1, magnetostrictive material 4.2, permanent magnet 4.3, cylindrical column 4.4, partition 4.5, partition column 4.6,

[0041] Coil frame 5, coil 6, front cover plate 7, connecting bolts 8, connecting top screws 9, amplitude transformer 10, collet 11, tool 12, collet locking sleeve 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0046] The invention discloses a magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device, aiming to solve the shortcomings of the magnetostrictive torsional vibration transducer in the prior art, such as decreased structural stability, decreased energy conversion efficiency, increased vibration interference, and great difficulty in maintenance and repair.

[0047] The present invention optimizes the connection method between the coil and the torsional vibrator (multiple bending vibrators), and the coil does not rotate with the main shaft during the driving process, thereby effectively avoiding problems such as wire breakage and insulation layer damage caused by the rotation of the torsional vibrator (multiple bending vibrators) by the coil.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 , 2The cutting device of the present invention has a tool handle 1, which is used to connect with the main shaft of the machine tool. A cylindrical cavity is formed inside one end of the tool handle 1, and a cylindrical connecting sleeve 2 is arranged in the cavity of the tool handle 1. The magnetostrictive transducer is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool through the tool handle 1, so that it is fixed on the machine tool. The design of the tool handle 1 is usually matched with the interface of the main shaft of the machine tool to ensure that the transducer can be stably installed on the machine tool.

[0049] The connecting bolts 8 are passed through the threaded holes on the front cover plate 7 to lock the rear cover plate 3, the retaining frame 9 (torsion vibrator 4), and the front cover plate 7. A coil frame 5 is sleeved on the torsional vibrator 4, and a coil 6 is wound on the coil frame 5. Figure 4 .

[0050] The tool 12 is inserted into the collet 11, and then the collet 11 cooperates and fixes the tool 12 through the collet locking sleeve 13. The collet locking sleeve 13 is fixed on the horn 10 through threads (the collet locking sleeve 13 is placed in the threaded hole on the front end surface of the horn 10). When the collet locking sleeve 13 is screwed into the horn 10, the collet locking sleeve 13 squeezes the collet 11, so that the collet 11 clamps the tool 12, and the horn 10 is fixedly connected to the front cover 7. See attached Figure 3 The tool 12 is not limited to the attached Figure 1 , 2 The corresponding tool 12 is selected according to the type of machine tool in actual processing. The size and shape of the tool bar are not limited to the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , it is designed according to the actual required frequency and excited material.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 The torsion vibrator 4 includes a retaining frame 4.1, a magnetostrictive material 4.2 and a permanent magnet 4.3. One torsion vibrator 4 includes a plurality of groups of bending vibrators, each group of bending vibrators has two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3.

[0052] Reference Figure 6 The holder 4.1 has a cylindrical column 4.4 with a through hole in the middle, and a plurality of partitions 4.5 are evenly arranged around the middle of the cylindrical column 4.4 on the outer surface thereof in the radial direction, and partitions 4.6 are arranged between the partitions 4.5. The magnetostrictive material 4.2 is bonded to the holder 4.1 by epoxy resin to form a circumferential array distribution structure, and the magnetostrictive material 4.2 is fixed to the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 by epoxy resin.

[0053] The holder 4.1 is fixed between the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 by bonding. The magnetostrictive material 4.2 is arranged between the partition plate 4.5 and the partition column 4.6. The magnetostrictive material 4.2 is fixed to the holder 4.1 and the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 by bonding.

[0054] Reference Figure 6 , 7 Two permanent magnets 4.3 are respectively arranged at both ends of the partition 4.5. The two permanent magnets 4.3 are located between the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2. The two permanent magnets 4.3 are in contact with each other, one of the permanent magnets 4.3 is in contact with one of the magnetostrictive materials 4.2, and the other permanent magnet 4.3 is in contact with the other magnetostrictive material 4.2. The two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and the four permanent magnets 4.3 in each group of bending vibrators form a closed magnetic circuit.

[0055] As attached Fig.10 As shown, each team of permanent magnets 4.3 of each group of bending vibrators are symmetrically distributed, and the magnetic field intensity of each group of bending vibrators is the largest at the permanent magnets 4.3 and gradually weakens toward the magnetostrictive materials 4.2 on both sides. The magnetic fields inside the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 in the bending vibrator are in opposite directions. The magnetic field intensity is the lowest at the axial center of the magnetostrictive material 4.2, and the magnetic field intensity at both ends gradually increases.

[0056] As attached Fig.11 As shown, the magnetic moment of each group of bending oscillators is directed from the N poles of a pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on one side of the partition 4.5 to the S poles of another pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on the other side of the partition 4.5 through the magnetostrictive material 4.2, and all magnetic moment curves have obvious symmetry. Figure 8 The magnetic poles of one of the pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on one side of the partition 4.5 are S pole and N pole or N pole and S pole from inside to outside, and the magnetic poles of the corresponding other one are N pole and S pole or S pole and N pole from inside to outside.

[0057] Alternating current is passed through both ends of the coil 6 to provide an alternating magnetic field to the magnetostrictive material 4.2. The horn 10 concentrates and amplifies the vibration energy during the ultrasonic transmission process to amplify the torsional angle or tangential vibration. The ultrasonic transducer is driven to rotate by the main shaft, and the torsional vibrator 4 transmits and amplifies the torsional vibration to the tool 12 through the front cover plate 7 and the horn 10 for ultrasonic torsional vibration processing.

[0058] After a certain initial bias magnetic field is applied to a single magnetostrictive material 4.2 by a permanent magnet 4.3, the alternating magnetic field provided by the coil 6 will generate periodic elongation and shortening, thereby realizing high-frequency longitudinal vibration. The present invention forms a group of bending vibrators by combining two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3, and the twisting vibrator 4 includes a plurality of single groups of bending vibrators; the single group of bending vibrators is formed by splicing two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3 to form a closed magnetic circuit, and the initial bias magnetic field directions of the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 in each group can be opposite through the excitation of the external excitation coil 6, that is, the initial bias magnetic field directions of the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 on both sides of the partition 4.5 can be opposite. When the excitation coil 6 generates an alternating magnetic field, its magnetic field direction must be opposite to the initial bias magnetic field direction of one magnetostrictive material 4.2, thereby causing the magnetostrictive material 4.2 to shorten; while the initial bias magnetic field direction of the other magnetostrictive material 4.2 is the same as the alternating magnetic field direction, causing it to elongate. Finally, the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 generate a phase difference of 180°, thereby generating bending vibration. When all groups of bending vibrators are bending and vibrating in the same direction, the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 will generate torsional vibration in the opposite direction of the bending direction of the vibrators. Fig. 9 .

[0059] When milling, the magnetostrictive transducer is first connected to the main shaft of the machine tool through the tool handle 1 to fix it on the machine tool. The design of the tool handle 1 is usually matched with the interface of the main shaft of the machine tool to ensure that the transducer can be stably installed on the machine tool. During the installation process, it is necessary to use a connecting screw 9 and a connecting sleeve 2 to fix the transducer and the coil 6 to prevent them from loosening or falling off during operation. The ultrasonic power supply provides an alternating current for the drive. When the alternating current is passed into the drive coil 6, an alternating magnetic field is generated around the magnetostrictive material 4.2. Since the magnetostrictive material 4.2 has a magnetostrictive effect, when there is an alternating magnetic field, the length of the magnetostrictive material 4.2 will change alternately, that is, mechanical vibration is generated. This mechanical vibration is amplified by the horn 10 and finally transmitted to the tool 12 to achieve ultrasonic vibration cutting. The horn 10 amplifies the amplitude of the torsional vibration as required and ensures that the vibration can be efficiently transmitted to the tool 12. The transmission of the ultrasonic signal mainly depends on the magnetostrictive material 4.2 and the horn 10.

[0060] The holder 4.1 is used to fix magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and permanent magnets 4.3, including eight magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and sixteen permanent magnets 4.3; each pair of bending vibrators includes two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3, and the magnetostrictive materials 4.2 are fixed to the holder 4.1 by bonding.

[0061] The driving coil 6 is a key part of the external excitation. When driven, the driving coil 6 does not rotate with the main shaft. It is mounted together with the coil frame 5 on the torsional vibrator (multiple bending vibrators) (i.e., outside). The coil frame 5 is fixed to the machine tool. The coil 6 provides an external AC magnetic field for the bending vibrator. The magnetostrictive material 4.2 is excited to produce longitudinal vibration. The permanent magnet 4.3 provides a bias magnetic field. The overall structure performs bending vibration under the bias magnetic field, and torsional vibration is formed through the transmission of bending vibration. The vibration is transmitted to the tool 12 to achieve torsional vibration output. The magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity can be changed by changing the number of turns of the coil 6, and then the magnitude of the magnetic flux can be changed. The thickness and number of turns of the coil 6 can be obtained by the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] N=n1·L·n2·e

[0064] Among them, e is the coil thickness, r1 is the inner radius of the spiral coil, r2 is the outer radius of the coil, L is the coil height, and H is the magnetic field strength.

[0065] Spiral coil outer diameter

[0066] r2=r1+e+e i (m-1)

[0067] Among them, e i is the thickness of the insulating layer, and m is the number of layers of the coil.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device, characterized in that: The cutting device comprises a handle 1, a cylindrical cavity is formed inside the handle 1, and a cylindrical connecting sleeve 2 is arranged in the cavity of the handle 1; The connecting bolts 8 lock the rear cover plate 3, the torsion vibrator 4 and the front cover plate 7 through the threaded holes on the front cover plate 7; A coil frame 5 is sleeved on the torsional vibrator 4, and a coil 6 is wound on the coil frame 5; The coil frame 5 and the coil 6 are connected to the machine tool and do not rotate with the machine tool spindle; The horn 10 is fixedly connected to the front cover 7; A threaded hole is provided at the front end of the horn 10, and the tool 12 is inserted into the collet 11, and then the collet 11 cooperates and fixes the tool 12 through the collet locking sleeve 13, and the collet locking sleeve 13 is fixed on the horn 10 by threads. When the collet locking sleeve 13 is screwed into the horn 10, the collet locking sleeve 13 squeezes the collet 11, so that the collet 11 clamps the tool 12.

2. The magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsional vibrator 4 includes a holder 4.1, a magnetostrictive material 4.2 and a permanent magnet 4.

3. The holder 4.1 is fixed between the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 by bonding. The holder 4.1 includes a cylindrical column 4.4 with a through hole in the middle. A plurality of partitions 4.5 are evenly arranged around the middle of the cylindrical column 4.4 on the outer surface of the cylindrical column 4.4 in the radial direction. Partition columns 4.6 are arranged between the partitions 4.

5. The length of the partitions 4.5 is greater than the length of the partition columns 4.

6. The torsion vibrator 4 includes a plurality of groups of bending vibrators, each group of bending vibrators includes two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3; The magnetostrictive material 4.2 is arranged between the partition plate 4.5 and the partition column 4.6, and the magnetostrictive material 4.2 is respectively fixed to the retaining frame 4.1 and the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 by bonding; Two permanent magnets 4.3 are arranged at both ends of the partition 4.5 respectively. The two permanent magnets 4.3 are located between two magnetostrictive materials 4.

2. The two permanent magnets 4.3 are in contact with each other, one of the permanent magnets 4.3 is in contact with one of the magnetostrictive materials 4.2, and the other permanent magnet 4.3 is in contact with the other magnetostrictive material 4.

2.

3. The magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and the four permanent magnets 4.3 in the bending vibrator form a closed magnetic circuit. The magnetic field strength of the bending vibrator is the largest at the permanent magnet 4.3 and gradually weakens toward the magnetostrictive materials 4.2 on both sides. The magnetic fields inside the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 in the bending vibrator are in opposite directions. The magnetic field strength is the lowest at the axial center of the magnetostrictive material 4.2, and the magnetic field strength at both ends gradually increases.

4. The magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetic moment of the bending oscillator is directed from the N pole of a pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on one side of the partition 4.5 to the S pole of another pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on the other side of the partition 4.5 through the magnetostrictive material 4.2, and all magnetic moment curves are symmetrical; the magnetic poles of one of the pair of permanent magnets 4.3 on one side of the partition 4.5 are S poles and N poles or N poles and S poles from the inside to the outside, and the magnetic poles of the corresponding other one are N poles and S poles or S poles and N poles from the inside to the outside.

5. The magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: By forming a group of bending vibrators with two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3, the torsional vibrator 4 includes a plurality of single groups of bending vibrators; a single group of bending vibrators is formed by splicing two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 and four permanent magnets 4.3 to form a closed magnetic circuit, and the initial bias magnetic field directions of the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 in each group are opposite through the excitation of the external excitation coil 6. When the excitation coil 6 generates an AC magnetic field, its magnetic field direction must be opposite to the initial bias magnetic field direction of one of the magnetostrictive materials 4.2, thereby causing the magnetostrictive material 4.2 to shorten; The direction of the initial bias magnetic field of the other magnetostrictive material 4.2 is the same as the direction of the AC magnetic field, causing it to stretch; this causes the two magnetostrictive materials 4.2 to have a phase difference of 180°, thereby generating bending vibrations. When all groups of bending vibrators bend and vibrate in the same direction, the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 3 generate torsional vibrations in the opposite direction to the bending direction of the vibrators.

6. The magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the initial bias magnetic field is applied to the permanent magnet 4.3, the single magnetostrictive material 4.2 is excited by the AC magnetic field provided by the coil 6, resulting in periodic extension and contraction, and high-frequency longitudinal vibration.

7. The magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Alternating current is passed through both ends of the coil 6 to provide an alternating magnetic field to the magnetostrictive material 4.

2. The amplitude transformer 10 concentrates and amplifies the vibration energy during the ultrasonic transmission process to amplify the torsional angle or tangential vibration. The bending vibrator 4 transmits and amplifies the torsional vibration to the tool 12 through the front cover plate 7 and the amplitude transformer 10 for ultrasonic torsional vibration processing.

8. A magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: The tool handle 1, the connecting sleeve 2 and the rear cover plate 3 are connected by connecting the top screw 9 and fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool.

9. The magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Epoxy resin is used in the bonding method.

10. The magnetostrictive ultrasonic torsional vibration cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each pair of permanent magnets 4.3 in each group of bending vibrators in the torsion vibrator 4 is symmetrically distributed.

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