Tunnel inverted arch integrated construction equipment and method

Abstract

The tunnel inverted arch integrated construction equipment comprises a fixing frame, a plurality of wheel carriers are arranged at the bottom of the fixing frame, and walking wheels are arranged on the wheel carriers; a fixing rod is arranged in the middle of the fixing frame; a material distributing mechanism, a paving mechanism and a leveling mechanism are arranged on the fixing frame, and the material distributing mechanism, the paving mechanism and the leveling mechanism are arranged in sequence; the distributing mechanism is used for concrete pouring; the paving mechanism is used for uniformly paving the poured concrete; and the leveling mechanism is used for vibrating and leveling the concrete. The thickness of the concrete is accurately controlled, so that the inverted arch concrete reaches the flatness, compactness and thickness required by design, and the construction quality of the inverted arch is ensured; in the construction process, a machine is used as a main part, and manpower is used as an auxiliary part, so that the labor cost in the construction process is reduced, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the working environment of constructors is improved, and the construction safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of invert construction, and in particular to tunnel invert integrated construction equipment and method. Background Art

[0002] The invert is the basic part of the tunnel structure. Its main function is to transfer the stratum pressure and road load above the tunnel to the underground, resist the reaction force from the lower stratum, solve the problem of insufficient foundation bearing capacity, reduce sinking, prevent bottom bulge and deformation, adjust lining stress, increase the support resistance of the bottom and wall, and prevent shear failure caused by internal squeezing.

[0003] The quality of the invert plays a very important role in the safety and service life of the tunnel structure. If the thickness of the invert is not accurately controlled, the thin part may not be able to withstand the design load, resulting in stress concentration in the structure, which in turn causes deformation, cracking and other problems, and damages the steel bars; while the overly thick part may cause material waste, increase unnecessary costs, and cause the internal steel bars to fail to participate in the bearing stress in time, reducing the structural force-bearing capacity, and it is easy for the concrete in the tension zone to crack while the steel bars do not participate in the force.

[0004] In the actual construction process, the thickness of the invert is mainly limited by the control points on the arc section of the steel bar. After the concrete is poured, the height of the control points is used as a reference, and the paving, vibration and leveling work is carried out using a small grinder. This method relies heavily on manual labor, has a large workload, and the height of the protective layer is often not accurately controlled, affecting the steel bar construction and tunnel quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel invert integrated construction equipment and method to solve the problems of inconvenient control of thickness of existing tunnel invert construction, high construction labor cost and inconvenient operation.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A tunnel invert integrated construction equipment comprises a fixed frame, a plurality of wheel frames are arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame, and the wheel frames are provided with running wheels; A fixing rod is provided in the middle of the fixing frame; The fixed frame is provided with a material distributing mechanism, a paving mechanism and a leveling mechanism, which are arranged in sequence; The placing mechanism is used for concrete pouring; the spreading mechanism is used for evenly spreading the poured concrete; and the leveling mechanism is used for vibrating and leveling the concrete.

[0007] In a preferred solution, the material distributing mechanism comprises two supporting blocks connected to the fixing frame, and the fixing rod is connected to the middle block; A threaded rod and a plurality of sliding rods are provided between the two support blocks and pass through the middle block. No threads are provided at both ends and the middle of the threaded rod. The threaded rod is only rotatably connected to the support block and the middle block. A plurality of hoppers are arranged in the fixed frame, and a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the hopper; A plurality of guide sleeves are provided inside the hopper, and the slide rod slides through the hopper and the guide sleeves; A threaded sleeve is provided inside the hopper, and a threaded rod passes through the hopper and the threaded sleeve and is threadedly connected with the threaded sleeve; One end of the threaded rod is provided with a driving member for driving the threaded rod to rotate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the driving member includes a motor seat connected to the support block, the motor seat is provided with a first motor, the output shaft of the first motor is provided with a worm, one end of the threaded rod is provided with a worm wheel, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, and the worm wheel and the worm are located inside the support block.

[0009] In a preferred solution, the paving mechanism includes a plurality of paving teeth, a plurality of connecting shafts are provided on the top of the paving teeth, and the connecting shafts of different paving teeth are connected by a connecting plate; A driving mechanism is provided on the top of the paving teeth, and the driving mechanism is used to control the movement of the paving teeth.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the paving teeth are provided with cleaning sleeves, which are slidably connected relative to the paving teeth; A first connecting ring is provided at the end of the cleaning sleeve, and a plurality of second connecting rings are provided at the fixing frame, and the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring are connected by a pull rod; Both ends of the pull rod are provided with connecting pull rings.

[0011] In a preferred solution, the driving mechanism comprises a first electric push rod disposed on the top of the fixed rod, and a transmission plate is disposed at the output end of the first electric push rod; A limit rotating shaft is arranged on the top of the paving teeth, the limit rotating shaft is a stepped shaft, and the limit rotating shaft is arranged inside the transmission plate; The transmission plate is provided with external teeth, and a guide plate is provided on the top of the external teeth; The fixing rod is provided with a fixing seat, the fixing seat is provided with a second motor, and the output shaft of the second motor is provided with a first gear; A transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the fixed seat, and the transmission shaft is provided with a third gear meshing with the first gear; A transmission rod is inserted into the transmission shaft, and the transmission rod is a square rod. The transmission shaft and the third gear are provided with square holes matching the square rod. A second gear is provided at the bottom of the transmission rod, and the second gear is meshed with the external gear; the second gear is located between the paving teeth and the guide plate; An extension plate is provided on the top of the paving tooth, and the extension plate is used to prevent the second gear from moving below the extension plate.

[0012] In a preferred solution, the leveling mechanism includes a plurality of second electric push rods, and a fixing plate is provided at the output end of the second electric push rod; The fixed plate is slidably connected to a plurality of movable rods, and a mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the movable rods; A limit plate is provided on the top of the movable rod, and a vibration spring is provided on the movable rod, and the vibration spring is located between the limit plate and the mounting plate; The mounting plate is provided with a vibration motor and a screed plate; The fixed frame is equipped with a laser rangefinder.

[0013] In a preferred solution, a gusset plate is provided on the top of the screed plate, the screed plate is located at the bottom of the mounting plate, and the gusset plate is located at the top of the mounting plate; A screw is provided on the top of the gusset plate, and the screw thread extends to the inside of the gusset plate and the mounting plate; A plurality of screw holes are provided in the mounting plate; The bottom of the screed is provided with a raised panel.

[0014] A tunnel invert integrated construction method comprises the following steps: S1. Construction preparation: According to the design requirements of the tunnel invert, select an appropriate leveling structure, then move the construction equipment to the starting position of the tunnel invert construction, and set the equipment movement track along the tunnel direction; S2, concrete placing: concrete is poured through the placing mechanism to complete the uniform pouring of the first section of concrete; S3, concrete paving: After the first section of concrete is laid, the equipment moves along the moving track to the appropriate position, and spreads the first section of concrete through the paving mechanism to ensure uniform concrete; S4, concrete leveling: After paving is completed, the equipment continues to move along the moving track, and the leveling mechanism starts to work to level the first section of concrete so that the invert concrete meets the designed flatness and density requirements; S5, cyclic operation: while the first section of concrete is being spread, the second section of concrete is being spread; When the first section of concrete is leveled, the second section of concrete is spread, and the third section of concrete is placed; This process is repeated until the construction of the entire tunnel invert is completed.

[0015] In a preferred solution, the thickness of the leveled concrete is monitored by a laser rangefinder, and the leveling mechanism is adjusted according to the thickness change to ensure the thickness of the invert, which includes the following steps: S61, setting initial measurement parameters of the laser rangefinder according to the designed thickness of the invert arch, and calibrating the zero point of the laser rangefinder; S62. During construction, the laser rangefinder continuously operates at a set frequency, emitting a laser beam and receiving light signals reflected from the concrete surface; S63, the laser rangefinder transmits the measurement data to the control terminal in real time, and the control terminal calculates the distance and obtains the thickness change; S64, processing the data, obtaining the concrete thickness according to the data, and controlling the operation of the leveling mechanism according to the thickness change.

[0016] The present invention provides a tunnel invert integrated construction equipment and method, which has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above scheme: 1. The integrated construction equipment and method of the present invention integrates three key processes of concrete pouring, paving and leveling into one device, realizing a continuous and efficient operation mode.

[0017] 2. The close connection between each process avoids the waiting time caused by process conversion in traditional construction, significantly shortens the construction period, greatly improves construction efficiency, and effectively speeds up the construction progress of the tunnel project.

[0018] 3. Accurately control the thickness of concrete so that the invert concrete reaches the design requirements of flatness, density and thickness to ensure the construction quality of the invert.

[0019] 4. During the construction process, machines are mainly used, supplemented by manpower, which not only reduces the labor cost during the construction process, but also reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves the working environment of construction personnel, and improves the safety of construction.

[0020] 5. The construction equipment and method have strong adaptability, and can flexibly adjust the operating parameters and construction process of the equipment according to the design requirements and construction conditions of different tunnel inverts, with better adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel invert integrated construction equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a tunnel invert integrated construction equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the material distributing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 is a side view enlarged structural schematic diagram of the material dispensing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel invert integrated construction equipment of the present invention; Figure 6 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the paving mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A is an enlarged structural diagram; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the leveling mechanism of the present invention; In the figure: Fixed frame 1, fixed rod 101, wheel frame 102, walking wheel 103, material distributing mechanism 2, hopper 201, discharge pipe 202, guide sleeve 203, support block 204, intermediate block 205, slide rod 206, threaded sleeve 207, threaded rod 208, worm gear 209, motor seat 210, first motor 211, worm 212, paving mechanism 3, paving teeth 301, connecting plate 302, connecting shaft 303, cleaning sleeve 304, first connecting ring 305, second connecting ring 306, pull rod 307, driving mechanism 4, first electric Push rod 401, transmission plate 402, external teeth 403, guide plate 404, limiting shaft 405, fixed seat 406, second motor 407, first gear 408, transmission rod 409, second gear 410, transmission shaft 411, third gear 412, leveling mechanism 5, second electric push rod 501, fixed plate 502, movable rod 503, mounting plate 504, vibration spring 505, limiting plate 506, leveling plate 507, buckle plate 508, screw 509, vibration motor 510, convex panel 511, laser rangefinder 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in FIG. 5 , a tunnel invert integrated construction equipment includes a fixed frame 1, a plurality of wheel frames 102 are provided at the bottom of the fixed frame 1, and the wheel frames 102 are provided with running wheels 103, and the running wheels 103 adopt existing wheels with motors and can move along the tunnel; or a track is provided in the tunnel, and the running wheels 103 are provided as track wheels, and the track wheels move along the track; A fixing rod 101 is provided in the middle of the fixing frame 1; The fixed frame 1 is provided with a material distributing mechanism 2, a paving mechanism 3 and a leveling mechanism 5, which are arranged in sequence; The material distribution mechanism 2 is used for pouring concrete; the spreading mechanism 3 is used for evenly spreading the poured concrete; and the leveling mechanism 5 is used for vibrating and leveling the concrete.

[0023] When in use, the leveling mechanism 5 is set according to the design size, and then at the position where the invert arch needs to be set, concrete is first poured through the distribution mechanism 2, and then the poured concrete is evenly spread through the paving mechanism 3, and finally the concrete is vibrated and leveled through the leveling mechanism 5 to complete the construction.

[0024] In a further embodiment, Figure 1 ,2 As shown in , 3 and 4 , the material placing mechanism 2 is used for precise pouring of concrete. The material placing mechanism 2 includes two support blocks 204 fixedly connected to the fixing frame 1 , and the fixing rod 101 is fixedly connected to the middle block 205 .

[0025] Between the two support blocks 204, a threaded rod 208 and a plurality of slide rods 206 are provided, wherein the threaded rod 208 penetrates the middle block 205; a plurality of hoppers 201 are provided inside the fixed frame 1, preferably two, and the hoppers 201 store concrete or are connected to a concrete delivery pipe, depending on the actual situation, and each hopper 201 is equipped with a discharge pipe 202 at the bottom for discharging concrete. A guide sleeve 203 and a threaded sleeve 207 are also provided inside the hopper 201, and the slide rod 206 can smoothly slide through the hopper 201 and the guide sleeve 203, playing a guiding role; the threaded rod 208 penetrates the hopper 201 and is tightly threadedly connected with the threaded sleeve 207, and the position where the threaded rod 208 is connected with the support block 204 and the middle block 205 is not provided with threads, and is rotatably connected with the support block 204 and the middle block 205.

[0026] When the two hoppers 201 are close to or far away from the middle block 205, the threaded rod 208 is provided with two sections of threads with opposite thread directions, and the two sections of threads are located on both sides of the middle block 205. When one of the two hoppers 201 is close to the middle block 205 and the other is far away from the middle block 205, the thread directions of the threaded rod 208 are the same.

[0027] A driving member is provided at one end of the threaded rod 208, and the driving member is composed of a motor base 210 connected to the support block 204, a first motor 211 installed on the motor base 210, a worm 212 on the output shaft of the first motor 211, and a worm wheel 209 at one end of the threaded rod 208. When the first motor 211 is started, the worm 212 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the worm wheel 209 and the threaded rod 208 to rotate. Under the interaction between the threaded rod 208 and the threaded sleeve 207, the hopper 201 moves smoothly on the fixed frame 1 along the direction of the sliding rod 206, thereby achieving uniform distribution of concrete in different construction areas.

[0028] In a further embodiment, Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, the paving mechanism 3 is used to evenly spread the poured concrete. The paving mechanism 3 includes a plurality of paving teeth 301. A plurality of connecting shafts 303 are provided on the top of each paving tooth 301. The connecting shafts 303 of different paving teeth 301 are interconnected by connecting plates 302 to form an integral paving structure.

[0029] The driving mechanism 4 arranged on the top of the paving tooth 301 is used to control the movement of the paving tooth 301. The driving mechanism 4 includes a first electric push rod 401 installed on the top of the fixed rod 101. The output end of the first electric push rod 401 is connected to the transmission plate 402. A limit shaft 405 is provided on the top of the paving tooth 301. The limit shaft 405 is a stepped shaft and is rotatably installed inside the transmission plate 402. The limit shaft 405 can be prevented from sliding out of the transmission plate 402, so that the paving tooth 301 is always located below the transmission plate 402.

[0030] The transmission plate 402 is provided with external teeth 403, and a guide plate 404 is installed on the top of the external teeth 403; a fixed seat 406 is provided on the fixed rod 101, and a second motor 407 is installed on the fixed seat 406, and a first gear 408 is installed on the output shaft of the second motor 407; a transmission shaft 411 is rotatably provided in the fixed seat 406, and a third gear 412 meshing with the first gear 408 is installed on the transmission shaft 411; a transmission rod 409 is penetrated inside the transmission shaft 411, and the transmission rod 409 is a square rod, and the transmission shaft 411 and the third gear 412 are provided with square holes adapted thereto; a second gear 410 is installed at the bottom of the transmission rod 409, and the second gear 410 meshes with the external teeth 403 of the paving teeth 301, and the second gear 410 is located between the paving teeth 301 and the guide plate 404; When the second motor 407 is started, it drives the first gear 408 to rotate, thereby driving the third gear 412 to rotate. The rotation of the third gear 412 and the transmission shaft 411 will drive the transmission rod 409 to rotate, and the second gear 410 at the bottom of the transmission rod 409 rotates. The rotation of the second gear 410 interacts with the outer tooth 403, driving the transmission plate 402 to rotate. The reciprocating rotation of the second motor 407 can drive the transmission plate 402 to rotate reciprocatingly, thereby driving the paving teeth 301 to reciprocate. While paving concrete, the concrete can be vibrated to ensure the uniformity of concrete paving.

[0031] At the same time, starting the first electric push rod 401 can further control the working height of the paving teeth 301 by adjusting the height of the transmission plate 402 to adapt to different concrete thicknesses; An extension plate is provided on the top of the paving tooth 301 to prevent the second gear 410 from moving below the extension plate, and cooperates with the guide plate 404 to limit the position of the second gear 410 to ensure the stability of the transmission process.

[0032] In order to ensure the working efficiency of the paving teeth 301, a cleaning sleeve 304 is also provided on the paving teeth 301. The first connecting ring 305 at the end of the cleaning sleeve 304 is connected to the second connecting ring 306 on the fixed frame 1 through a pull rod 307; after paving is completed, the first electric push rod 401 moves upward to drive the paving teeth 301 to move upward, and the cleaning sleeve 304 can slide relative to the paving teeth 301 to clean the paving teeth 301, which can prevent concrete adhesion and ensure the paving effect of the paving teeth 301.

[0033] In a further embodiment, Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , 5, 8 and 9, the leveling mechanism 5 is used to level and control the thickness of concrete. The leveling mechanism 5 includes a plurality of second electric push rods 501. The output ends of the second electric push rods 501 are connected to a fixed plate 502. The fixed plate 502 is slidably connected to a plurality of movable rods 503. The bottom of the movable rod 503 is installed with a mounting plate 504, and the top is provided with a limit plate 506. A vibration spring 505 is sleeved on the movable rod 503, and the vibration spring 505 is located between the limit plate 506 and the mounting plate 504. A vibration motor 510 and a screed plate 507 are mounted on the mounting plate 504.

[0034] When in use, the vibration motor 510 is started to drive the mounting plate 504 to vibrate, thereby driving the screed plate 507 to vibrate. The vibration of the screed plate 507 can level the concrete.

[0035] A convex panel 511 is provided at the bottom of the screed plate 507, and the shape of the convex panel 511 is determined according to the size requirements of the inverted arch. A buckle plate 508 is provided on the top of the screed plate 507, which is connected to the mounting plate 504 by screws 509, so as to facilitate disassembly and replacement, so as to replace the appropriate screed plate 507 and convex panel 511 according to the actual needs of the inverted arch.

[0036] The laser rangefinder 6 installed on the fixed frame 1 can monitor the thickness of the concrete in real time. Its working principle is that the laser rangefinder 6 emits a laser beam, and the laser beam is reflected after being irradiated on the concrete surface. The laser rangefinder 6 accurately calculates the distance to the concrete surface according to the propagation speed of the laser and the time delay of the reflected light; the laser rangefinder 6 can also be replaced with other existing distance measuring instruments such as infrared rangefinders. When in use, the second electric push rod 501 is controlled according to the measurement data to adjust the height of the leveling plate 507, and combined with the vibration of the vibration motor 510, the concrete is accurately vibrated and leveled to ensure that the flatness, density and thickness of the invert concrete meet the design requirements.

[0037] The motor, electric push rod and rangefinder of the present application are all connected to the existing control equipment and power supply equipment, and adopt the existing control method and connection method, so they are not described in detail.

[0038] Embodiment 2: A tunnel invert integrated construction method comprises the following steps: S1. Construction preparation: Before construction, the construction personnel select the appropriate screed plate 507 and convex plate 511 according to the design requirements of the tunnel invert, and then transport and move the construction equipment to the starting position of the tunnel invert construction, and set the moving track of the equipment along the tunnel direction according to the actual direction of the tunnel and the construction requirements; S2, concrete placing: concrete is poured through the placing mechanism to complete the uniform pouring of the first section of concrete; During pouring, the first motor 211 is started to drive the worm 212 to rotate, and then the worm wheel 209 and the threaded rod 208 are driven to rotate. Under the interaction between the threaded rod 208 and the threaded sleeve 207 and the guiding action of the slide bar 206, the hopper 201 moves smoothly on the fixed frame 1. During the movement, the concrete is discharged through the discharge pipe 202 at the bottom of the hopper 201, so that the first section of concrete is evenly poured in the invert construction area. During the pouring process, according to the actual construction situation, the speed of the first motor 211 and the opening of the discharge pipe 202 are adjusted to control the discharge speed and pouring amount of the concrete, so as to ensure that the concrete evenly covers the construction area and the pouring thickness meets the design requirements; S3, concrete paving: After the first section of concrete is laid, the equipment moves along the moving track to the appropriate position, and spreads the first section of concrete through the paving mechanism to ensure uniform concrete; During the paving process, starting the first electric push rod 401 can further control the working height of the paving teeth 301 by adjusting the height of the transmission plate 402 to adapt to different concrete thicknesses. The paving teeth 301 move along the concrete to spread and tamp the concrete; when the second motor 407 is started, it drives the first gear 408 to rotate, thereby driving the third gear 412 to rotate. The rotation of the third gear 412 and the transmission shaft 411 will drive the transmission rod 409 to rotate, so that the second gear 410 at the bottom of the transmission rod 409 rotates. The rotation of the second gear 410 interacts with the outer tooth 403, driving the transmission plate 402 to rotate, and controlling the reciprocating rotation of the second motor 407 can drive the reciprocating rotation of the transmission plate 402, thereby driving the paving teeth 301 to reciprocate. While paving the concrete, the concrete can be vibrated to ensure the uniformity of the concrete paving.

[0039] S4, concrete leveling: After paving is completed, the equipment continues to move along the moving track, and the leveling mechanism starts to work to level the first section of concrete so that the invert concrete meets the designed flatness and density requirements; During operation, the laser rangefinder 6 monitors the distance between the concrete surface and the design elevation in real time, and transmits the measurement data to the control device in real time. Based on these data, the control device accurately controls the telescopic length of the second electric push rod 501, adjusts the height of the screed plate 507, and keeps a suitable distance from the concrete surface. At the same time, the vibration motor 510 is started, and the vibration force generated by the vibration motor 510 is transmitted to the screed plate 507 through the mounting plate 504. The convex panel 511 at the bottom of the screed plate 507 is in full contact with the concrete surface. Under the combined action of vibration and pressure, the concrete is vibrated and leveled, so that the inverted arch concrete reaches the flatness, density and thickness required by the design, ensuring the construction quality of the inverted arch.

[0040] S5, cyclic operation: while the first section of concrete is being spread, the second section of concrete is being spread; When the first section of concrete is leveled, the second section of concrete is spread, and the third section of concrete is placed; This process is repeated until the construction of the entire tunnel invert is completed.

[0041] In a further embodiment, the thickness of the leveled concrete is monitored by a laser rangefinder, and the leveling mechanism is adjusted according to the thickness change to ensure the thickness of the invert, which includes the following steps: S61, setting initial measurement parameters of the laser rangefinder according to the designed thickness of the invert arch, and calibrating the zero point of the laser rangefinder; S62. During construction, the laser rangefinder continuously operates at a set frequency, emitting a laser beam and receiving light signals reflected from the concrete surface; S63, the laser rangefinder transmits the measurement data to the control terminal in real time, and the control terminal calculates the distance and obtains the thickness change; S64, processing the data, obtaining the concrete thickness according to the data, controlling the telescopic length of the second electric push rod 501 according to the thickness change, and accurately controlling the height of the screed plate 507, so that the concrete thickness is always maintained within the design allowable error range, thereby ensuring the construction quality of the invert.

[0042] The equipment of the present application is not only applicable to the construction of inverts, but is mainly used for the construction of inverts, so the inverts cannot be interpreted as a limitation to the present application.

[0043] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel invert integrated construction equipment, characterized by: It comprises a fixed frame (1), a plurality of wheel frames (102) are provided at the bottom of the fixed frame (1), and the wheel frames (102) are provided with running wheels (103); A fixing rod (101) is provided in the middle of the fixing frame (1); A material distributing mechanism (2), a spreading mechanism (3) and a leveling mechanism (5) are provided on the fixed frame (1), and the material distributing mechanism (2), the spreading mechanism (3) and the leveling mechanism (5) are arranged in sequence; The material placing mechanism (2) is used for pouring concrete; the spreading mechanism (3) is used for evenly spreading the poured concrete; and the leveling mechanism (5) is used for vibrating and leveling the concrete.

2. The tunnel invert integrated construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material distributing mechanism (2) comprises two supporting blocks (204) connected to the fixing frame (1), and the fixing rod (101) is connected to an intermediate block (205); A threaded rod (208) passing through the middle block (205) and a plurality of sliding rods (206) are provided between the two support blocks (204); both ends and the middle of the threaded rod (208) are not provided with threads, and the threaded rod (208) is only rotatably connected to the support blocks (204) and the middle block (205); A plurality of hoppers (201) are provided in the fixed frame (1), and a discharge pipe (202) is provided at the bottom of the hopper (201); A plurality of guide sleeves (203) are provided inside the hopper (201), and the slide rod (206) slides through the hopper (201) and the guide sleeves (203); A threaded sleeve (207) is provided inside the hopper (201), and a threaded rod (208) passes through the hopper (201) and the threaded sleeve (207) and is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve (207); One end of the threaded rod (208) is provided with a driving member for driving the threaded rod (208) to rotate.

3. The tunnel invert integrated construction equipment according to claim 2 is characterized by: The driving member comprises a motor seat (210) connected to the support block (204); the motor seat (210) is provided with a first motor (211); the output shaft of the first motor (211) is provided with a worm (212); one end of the threaded rod (208) is provided with a worm wheel (209); the worm wheel (209) is meshed with the worm wheel (212); and the worm wheel (209) and the worm wheel (212) are located inside the support block (204).

4. The tunnel invert integrated construction equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The paving mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of paving teeth (301), a plurality of connecting shafts (303) are provided on the top of the paving teeth (301), and the connecting shafts (303) of different paving teeth (301) are connected via a connecting plate (302); A driving mechanism (4) is provided on the top of the paving tooth (301), and the driving mechanism (4) is used to control the movement of the paving tooth (301).

5. The tunnel invert integrated construction equipment according to claim 4 is characterized by: The paving tooth (301) is provided with a cleaning sleeve (304), and the cleaning sleeve (304) is slidably connected relative to the paving tooth (301); A first connecting ring (305) is provided at the end of the cleaning sleeve (304), and a plurality of second connecting rings (306) are provided on the fixing frame (1), and the first connecting ring (305) and the second connecting ring (306) are connected via a pull rod (307); Connecting pull rings are provided at both ends of the pull rod (307).

6. The tunnel invert integrated construction equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a first electric push rod (401) arranged at the top of the fixed rod (101), and a transmission plate (402) is provided at the output end of the first electric push rod (401); A limit rotating shaft (405) is provided on the top of the paving tooth (301), the limit rotating shaft (405) is a stepped shaft, and the limit rotating shaft (405) is rotated inside the transmission plate (402); The transmission plate (402) is provided with external teeth (403), and a guide plate (404) is provided on the top of the external teeth (403); The fixing rod (101) is provided with a fixing seat (405), the fixing seat (406) is provided with a second motor (407), and the output shaft of the second motor (407) is provided with a first gear (408); A transmission shaft (411) is rotatably disposed inside the fixed seat (406), and the transmission shaft (411) is provided with a third gear (412) meshing with the first gear (408); A transmission rod (409) is inserted into the transmission shaft (411), the transmission rod (409) is a square rod, and square holes matching the square rod are provided inside the transmission shaft (411) and the third gear (412); A second gear (410) is provided at the bottom of the transmission rod (409), and the second gear (410) is meshed with the outer gear (403); the second gear (410) is located between the paving teeth (301) and the guide plate (404); An extension plate is provided on the top of the paving tooth (301), and the extension plate is used to prevent the second gear (410) from moving below the extension plate.

7. The tunnel invert integrated construction equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The leveling mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of second electric push rods (501), and a fixing plate (502) is provided at the output end of the second electric push rods (501); The fixed plate (502) is slidably connected to a plurality of movable rods (503), and a mounting plate (504) is provided at the bottom of the movable rods (503); A limit plate (506) is provided on the top of the movable rod (503), and a vibration spring (505) is provided on the movable rod (503), wherein the vibration spring (505) is located between the limit plate (506) and the mounting plate (504); The mounting plate (504) is provided with a vibration motor (510) and a screed plate (507); The fixed frame (1) is provided with a laser rangefinder (6).

8. The tunnel invert integrated construction equipment according to claim 7 is characterized by: A gusset plate (508) is provided on the top of the leveling plate (507), the leveling plate (507) is located at the bottom of the mounting plate (504), and the gusset plate (508) is located on the top of the mounting plate (504); A screw (509) is provided on the top of the gusset plate (508), and the screw (509) has a thread extending to the inside of the gusset plate (508) and the mounting plate (504); A plurality of screw holes are provided in the mounting plate (504); A convex panel (511) is provided at the bottom of the screed plate (507).

9. A tunnel invert integrated construction method, characterized in that The steps include: S1. Construction preparation: According to the design requirements of the tunnel invert, select an appropriate leveling structure, then move the construction equipment to the starting position of the tunnel invert construction, and set the equipment movement track along the tunnel direction; S2, concrete placing: concrete is poured through the placing mechanism to complete the uniform pouring of the first section of concrete; S3, concrete paving: After the first section of concrete is laid, the equipment moves along the moving track to the appropriate position, and spreads the first section of concrete through the paving mechanism to ensure uniform concrete; S4, concrete leveling: After paving is completed, the equipment continues to move along the moving track, and the leveling mechanism starts to work to level the first section of concrete so that the invert concrete meets the designed flatness and density requirements; S5, cyclic operation: while the first section of concrete is being spread, the second section of concrete is being spread; When the first section of concrete is leveled, the second section of concrete is spread, and the third section of concrete is placed; This process is repeated until the construction of the entire tunnel invert is completed.

10. The tunnel invert integrated construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the leveled concrete is monitored by a laser rangefinder, and the leveling mechanism is adjusted according to the thickness change to ensure the thickness of the invert arch, including the following steps: S61, setting initial measurement parameters of the laser rangefinder according to the designed thickness of the invert arch, and calibrating the zero point of the laser rangefinder; S62. During construction, the laser rangefinder continuously operates at a set frequency, emitting a laser beam and receiving light signals reflected from the concrete surface; S63, the laser rangefinder transmits the measurement data to the control terminal in real time, and the control terminal calculates the distance and obtains the thickness change; S64, processing the data, obtaining the concrete thickness according to the data, and controlling the operation of the leveling mechanism according to the thickness change.

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