Underground cavern water inrush and mud inrush plugging device

Abstract

The invention provides an underground cavern water inrush and mud inrush plugging device. The device comprises a main rod, a movable sleeve, a branch rib, a main rib, a plugging bag and other assemblies. The main rod is movably sleeved with a movable sleeve, and a top block is arranged at the top to limit separation of the movable sleeve. A plurality of branch ribs are hinged to one end of the movable sleeve, a plurality of main ribs are hinged to the side wall of the top block, the branch ribs and the main ribs are in one-to-one correspondence to form a y-shaped structure, and the angle can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different hole shapes. The movable sleeve can lift to control the branch ribs to support or put down the main ribs, and operation is easy and convenient. A flexible waterproof plugging bag is hung at the far end of the main rib through a lifting rope, and when the main rib is supported, the lifting rope pulls the plugging bag to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the hole, so that an effective plugging layer is formed. The plugging process is rapid and effective, and plugging or unplugging can be achieved only by adjusting the position of the movable sleeve. The device is compact in structure, easy to operate, high in adaptability and capable of effectively solving the water inrush and mud inrush plugging problem in underground cavern construction, and the construction safety and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, and in particular to a device for blocking water and mud bursts in underground caverns. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of underground caverns, water and mud bursts are a serious geological disaster that may lead to construction interruption, equipment damage, and even casualties. In order to effectively deal with this problem, a device that can quickly and reliably block water and mud burst holes is needed. However, existing blocking methods and technologies often have the following problems: 1. Difficulty in sealing: Water and mud burst holes are often irregular in shape, with rapid water flow and a mixture of mud and sand, making it difficult for traditional sealing materials to be effectively fixed and sealed.

[0003] 2. Complex operation: Many plugging devices require a complex installation process and require the cooperation of multiple people during use, which increases the difficulty and risk of operation.

[0004] 3. Poor adaptability: Different water and mud burst holes have different sizes and shapes. Existing plugging devices are often difficult to adapt to various situations, resulting in poor plugging effects.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a device with a simple structure, convenient operation, strong adaptability and the ability to effectively block water and mud bursting holes to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention proposes a device for plugging water and mud bursts in underground caverns, aiming to provide a device which has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has strong adaptability and can effectively plug water and mud burst holes.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: an underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device, used for plugging water and mud burst holes in underground caverns, comprising a main rod, a movable sleeve is movably sleeved on the main rod, a top block is provided on the top of the main rod, a plurality of supporting ribs are hingedly connected in an annular array at one end of the movable sleeve close to the top block, a plurality of main ribs are hingedly connected in an annular array on the side wall of the top block, each of the supporting ribs is hingedly connected to each of the main ribs one by one, and the corresponding supporting ribs and the main ribs form a "y"-shaped structure; A flexible blocking bag is hung on one end of each main rib away from the top block through a hanging rope; When the movable sleeve moves up and down on the main rod, the supporting ribs can prop up or lower the main ribs.

[0008] In some embodiments, a handle is detachably provided at the bottom of the main rod, and the handle is in an "I"-shaped structure with large ends and a small middle.

[0009] In some embodiments, the main rod is sleeved with an internal threaded tube at a position below the movable sleeve, and a threaded groove compatible with the internal threaded tube is opened on the outer wall of the main rod. The internal threaded tube can be screwed to allow it to be raised and lowered within the coverage of the threaded groove.

[0010] In some embodiments, a spring is also sleeved on the main rod, and two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the top of the movable sleeve and the top block.

[0011] In some embodiments, a strip-shaped hollow portion is provided on the main rib, and a hinge connection point between the main rib and the supporting rib is provided in the hollow portion, and the hinge connection point can move along the length direction of the hollow portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, three suspension ropes are connected between each of the main ribs and each of the blocking bags, one end of the three suspension ropes are commonly connected to the end of the main rib, and the other ends are respectively connected to the two ends and the midpoint of the blocking bag.

[0013] In some embodiments, the occluding balloon is filled with water-swellable material.

[0014] In some embodiments, each of the suspension ropes is strung with a flexible sleeve, and the flexible sleeve can freely adjust its position on the suspension rope.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention forms a compact plugging device through the combined design of a main rod, a movable sleeve, support ribs, main ribs and a plugging bag, wherein the movable sleeve can be freely raised and lowered on the main rod but will not be detached due to the restriction of the top block, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the device and making the operation process more reliable. When the present invention is in use, it is only necessary to adjust the position of the movable sleeve to achieve the blocking or unblocking of the water and mud bursting hole, and the lifting and lowering movement of the movable sleeve can control the support ribs and the main ribs to be propped up or lowered, which is easy to operate and greatly improves the construction efficiency. The design of the support ribs and the main ribs enables them to flexibly adjust their angles to adapt to water and mud bursting holes of different shapes and sizes. The flexible characteristics of the plugging bag enable it to adapt to the irregular shape of the inner wall of the hole, thereby ensuring the tightness and stability of the plugging and enhancing the adaptability of the device. In the present invention, when the main ribs are propped up, the suspension rope pulls the plugging bag into the water and mud bursting hole, and a plurality of plugging bags gather together to form an effective plugging layer. This design ensures the tightness of the plugging and effectively prevents the influence of water and mud bursts on the construction of underground caverns.

[0016] In summary, the present invention solves the problem of blocking sudden water and mud in underground cavern construction through a device with a simple structure, easy operation, strong adaptability and the ability to effectively block sudden water and mud holes. This not only improves the safety of construction, but also greatly improves the construction efficiency and reduces construction delays caused by sudden water and mud problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main rod of the device of the present invention and the components thereon; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the movable sleeve, top block, supporting ribs and main ribs of the device of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention during use (when the supporting ribs and the main ribs are not fully extended into the water and mud bursting hole); Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention during use (after the supporting ribs and the main ribs are fully extended into the water and mud bursting hole); Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention during use (when the supporting ribs and the main ribs are fully extended into the water and mud bursting holes and are spread out).

[0018] In the figure: 100, water and mud bursting hole; 1, main rod; 2, handle; 3, movable sleeve; 4, internal threaded pipe; 5, threaded groove; 6, spring; 7, top block; 8, supporting ribs; 9, main ribs; 10, hollow part; 11, lifting rope; 12, blocking bag; 13, flexible casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] See also Figure 1-6 The present embodiment provides an underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device, which is used to plug a water and mud burst hole 100 in an underground cavern, and comprises a main rod 1, a movable sleeve 3 is movably sleeved on the main rod 1, and a top block 7 is provided on the top of the main rod 1. The top block 7 plays a role of blocking and limiting the movable sleeve 3 to ensure that the movable sleeve 3 will not be separated from the main rod 1. The movable sleeve 3 can be freely raised and lowered on the main rod 1, but will not be separated from the main rod 1 due to the restriction of the top block 7, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the device; A plurality of supporting ribs 8 are hingedly connected in a circular array at one end of the movable sleeve 3 close to the top block 7, and a plurality of main ribs 9 are hingedly connected in a circular array on the side wall of the top block 7. Each supporting rib 8 is hingedly connected to each main rib 9 one by one, and the corresponding supporting ribs 8 and main ribs 9 form a "y"-shaped structure. This design enables the supporting ribs 8 and the main ribs 9 to flexibly adjust their angles to adapt to water and mud bursting holes 100 of different shapes and sizes. At the same time, the "y"-shaped structure enhances the supporting strength of the ribs and improves the stability of the sealing device. As the movable sleeve 3 moves up and down on the main rod 1, the supporting ribs 8 can prop up or put down the main ribs 9. Specifically, when the movable sleeve 3 moves close to the top block 7, the supporting ribs 8 will prop up the main ribs 9, and when the movable sleeve 3 moves away from the top block 7, the supporting ribs 8 will put down the main ribs 9. The lifting and lowering of the movable sleeve 3 on the main rod 1 can control the propping up or lowering of the supporting ribs 8 and the main ribs 9, and the operation is simple and quick. The end of each main rib 9 away from the top block 7 is suspended with a flexible plugging bag 12 through a lifting rope 11. The plugging bag 12 can fit tightly against the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100 to ensure the sealing effect. When the main rib 9 is propped up, the lifting rope 11 pulls the plugging bag 12 into the water and mud bursting hole 100, and multiple plugging bags 12 gather together to form an effective sealing layer. The flexible characteristics of the plugging bag 12 enable it to adapt to the irregular shape of the inner wall of the hole to ensure the tightness of the plugging. During the plugging period, it is only necessary to keep the movable sleeve 3 stationary to achieve continuous sealing of the water and mud bursting hole 100. The entire sealing process is fast and effective, reducing the impact of water and mud bursts on underground cavern construction. The present invention realizes a compact and easy-to-operate sealing device through the combined design of the main rod 1, the movable sleeve 3, the supporting ribs 8, the main ribs 9 and the sealing bag 12. This design makes the operation process simple and quick. The water and mud bursting hole 100 can be blocked or unblocked only by adjusting the position of the movable sleeve 3.

[0024] When it is necessary to seal the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100, first of all, all the supporting ribs 8 and the main ribs 9 need to be kept in the retracted state. At this time, each main rib 9 and the supporting ribs 8 are in close contact with the main rod 1, so that the radial dimension of the entire sealing device is small. In this way, all the supporting ribs 8 and the main ribs 9 can be easily inserted into the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100, and all the sealing bags 12 can be left outside the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100. After each main rib 9 and the supporting ribs 8 are inserted into the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100, all the main ribs 9 are propped up by adjusting the movable sleeve 3. The ribs 9 are propped up, and the end of the main ribs 9 away from the top block 7 is radially expanded, gradually away from the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100, and the suspension rope 11 is gradually pulled into the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100, driving the blocking capsule 12 to move into the hole, and finally, each blocking capsule 12 gathers and blocks the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100, thereby blocking the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100. During this period, the position of the movable sleeve 3 is kept unchanged, so that the water-burst and mud-burst hole 100 can be continuously blocked, and the flexible characteristics of the blocking capsule 12 enable it to adapt to the irregular shape of the inner wall of the hole, ensuring the tightness and stability of the blocking. In summary, the present invention solves the problem of blocking water-burst and mud-burst in underground cavern construction through a device with a simple structure, convenient operation, strong adaptability and the ability to effectively block water-burst and mud-burst holes 100, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of construction.

[0025] In some embodiments, Figure 1-2As shown, the bottom of the main rod 1 is detachably provided with a handle 2, which is in the shape of an "I" with large ends and a small middle. The detachable design of the handle 2 allows the blocking device to be easily disassembled when manual operation is not required, thereby reducing the overall weight and volume of the device and facilitating carrying and storage. When the blocking operation is required, the handle 2 can be simply installed at the bottom of the main rod 1, which is quick and convenient to operate. The handle 2 is in the shape of an "I", with large ends and a small middle. This design makes the handle 2 more ergonomic when held, can effectively disperse the pressure on the hand, and improve the comfort of holding. The middle part of the handle 2 is designed as a thinner holding area, which is convenient for the operator to hold and apply force with one or both hands. In operations that require force, such as adjusting the position of the movable sleeve 3, propping up or lowering the ribs, the operator can more easily control the direction and size of the force, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation.

[0026] In some embodiments, Figure 1-2 As shown, the main rod 1 is sleeved with an internal threaded tube 4 at a position below the movable sleeve 3, and a thread groove 5 matching the internal threaded tube 4 is opened on the outer wall of the main rod 1. The internal threaded tube 4 can be screwed to allow it to move up and down within the coverage of the thread groove 5, thereby lifting or lowering the movable sleeve 3. In this way, through the cooperation between the internal threaded tube 4 and the thread groove 5, the operator can screw the internal threaded tube 4 to accurately control the lifting height on the main rod 1. This design makes the position adjustment of the movable sleeve 3 more accurate, and can ensure that the supporting ribs 8 and the main ribs 9 reach the expected position when they are lifted or lowered, thereby improving the stability and sealing effect of the plugging device. In addition, the close cooperation between the internal threaded tube 4 and the thread groove 5 ensures the stability of the movable sleeve 3 during the lifting process. Even when subjected to external force, the movable sleeve 3 will not slide or fall off easily, thereby ensuring the overall structural stability of the plugging device.

[0027] In some embodiments, Figure 1-2 As shown, a spring 6 is also sleeved on the main rod 1, and the two ends of the spring 6 are respectively connected to the top of the movable sleeve 3 and the top block 7; the spring 6 has a preset elastic force, which can provide a restoring force when the movable sleeve 3 is moved by an external force, so that the movable sleeve 3 can automatically return to the initial position or maintain a stable state when it is not continuously acted upon by an external force. Specifically, the design of the spring 6 enables the movable sleeve 3 to automatically return to the initial position with the help of the elastic force of the spring 6 after being moved by an external force (such as manual adjustment or external pressure). This feature is particularly useful after the blocking operation is completed or when the blocking needs to be quickly released, which can greatly reduce the time and labor of manual resetting. The automatic resetting function of the spring 6 simplifies the operation process of the blocking device. The operator can achieve blocking or unblocking without manually adjusting the position of the movable sleeve 3, which improves work efficiency and reduces the difficulty of operation.

[0028] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown in Figure 3, a strip-shaped hollow portion 10 is provided on the main rib 9, and the hinge connection point between the main rib 9 and the supporting rib 8 is arranged in the hollow portion 10. The hinge connection point can move along the length direction of the hollow portion 10, which means that the supporting rib 8 has a larger angle adjustment range relative to the main rib 9. When plugging water and mud burst holes 100 of different shapes and sizes, this flexibility enables the supporting rib 8 and the main rib 9 to fit the hole wall more closely, thereby improving the adaptability and effect of the plugging. And when the supporting rib 8 and the main rib 9 are subjected to external force in the propped-up state, the hinge connection point can fine-tune the position in the hollow portion 10, thereby absorbing and dispersing the external force and maintaining the stability of the plugging structure. This design reduces the risk of rib deformation or damage caused by external force. In addition, by providing the hollow portion 10 on the main rib 9, the weight of the rib can be reduced to a certain extent, thereby reducing the weight of the entire plugging device. This is a significant advantage for a plugging device that needs to be carried and operated manually, which can reduce the physical burden of the operator.

[0029] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, three suspension ropes 11 are connected between each main rib 9 and each plugging capsule 12, one end of the three suspension ropes 11 is connected to the end of the main rib 9, and the other end is connected to the two ends and the midpoint of the plugging capsule 12. The design of the three suspension ropes 11 makes the tension more evenly distributed between the main rib 9 and the plugging capsule 12. When the main rib 9 is propped up, the suspension rope 11 pulls the plugging capsule 12 into the water and mud bursting hole 100. The three suspension ropes 11 work together to avoid the deformation or damage of the plugging capsule 12 caused by excessive force at a single point, thereby improving the durability and reliability of the plugging capsule 12. The suspension ropes 11 are connected to the two ends and the midpoint of the plugging capsule 12 respectively. This connection method enhances the stability of the plugging capsule 12 in the water and mud bursting hole 100. Even if the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100 is irregular, the plugging capsule 12 can maintain a relatively stable position under the traction of the three suspension ropes 11 to ensure the plugging effect. In addition, the blocking capsule 12 is suspended on the main rib 9 by three suspension ropes 11, thus avoiding the stress concentration problem caused by single-point suspension. This design enables the blocking capsule 12 to disperse stress more evenly when subjected to external force, thereby extending the service life of the blocking capsule 12.

[0030] In some embodiments, the plugging capsule 12 is filled with a water-swellable material. The water-swellable material has the property of rapidly expanding when in contact with water, and the water-swellable material can maintain a stable shape and size after expansion, and is not easily deformed or damaged. This stability enables the plugging capsule 12 to maintain its plugging effect even when it is subjected to water flow and mud scouring for a long time, thereby improving the durability and reliability of the plugging device. When the plugging capsule 12 is pulled into the water and mud gushing hole 100 and contacts water, the water-swellable material inside it will quickly absorb water and expand. The expansion of the water-swellable material increases the contact area between the plugging capsule 12 and the inner wall of the hole, forming a more effective plugging layer. The expanded plugging capsule 12 can better resist the pressure of the water and mud gushing, prevent the leakage of water and mud, and thus improve the plugging effect. The sealing bag 12 filled with water-swellable material can automatically adapt to the situation of the water and mud bursting hole 100 without any additional operation or adjustment during the sealing process. The operator only needs to adjust the position of the movable sleeve 3 to control the raising or lowering of the sealing bag 12 and the realization or release of the sealing, which greatly simplifies the operation process. This adaptability enables the sealing bag 12 to automatically adjust its shape and size to adapt to the water and mud bursting holes 100 of different shapes and sizes, thereby ensuring the tightness and stability of the sealing.

[0031] In some embodiments, Figure 4-6As shown, each suspension rope 11 is strung with a flexible sleeve 13, and the flexible sleeve 13 can freely adjust its position on the suspension rope 11. Before the suspension rope 11 is pulled, the flexible sleeve 13 can be pinched into a shape that matches the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100 and padded thereon, so as to separate the suspension rope 11 from the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100 and prevent the suspension rope 11 from being worn out. The flexible sleeve 13 is flexible and can be pinched into a shape that matches the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100. This means that no matter how complex or irregular the shape of the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100 is, the flexible sleeve 13 can fit tightly and provide a stable support point for the plugging bag 12. This adaptability enables the plugging device to cope with more types of water and mud bursting holes 100, improving its versatility and practicality. The flexible sleeve 13 serves as an isolation layer between the lifting rope 11 and the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100, effectively avoiding direct contact and friction between the lifting rope 11 and the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100 during the plugging process. Since there are often sharp or irregular parts on the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100, directly using the lifting rope 11 to pull the plugging capsule 12 may cause the lifting rope 11 to be worn or cut. The presence of the flexible sleeve 13 greatly reduces this risk and extends the service life of the lifting rope 11. When using the plugging device, the operator only needs to pinch the flexible sleeve 13 to an appropriate shape and pad it on the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100, and then pull the lifting rope 11 to pull the plugging capsule 12 into the hole. This operation process is relatively simple and intuitive, without the need for additional tools or equipment, which greatly improves work efficiency. As an isolation layer between the lifting rope 11 and the inner wall of the water and mud bursting hole 100, the flexible sleeve 13 also plays a certain stabilizing role. During the plugging process, the flexible sleeve 13 can disperse the pressure of the suspension rope 11 on the inner wall of the water and mud burst hole 100, reducing the risk of damage to the inner wall of the water and mud burst hole 100 or displacement of the plugging capsule 12 due to excessive force at a single point. This stability is particularly important for long-term continuous plugging.

[0032] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A device for plugging water and mud bursts in underground caverns, used for plugging water and mud burst holes (100) in underground caverns, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main rod (1), a movable sleeve (3) being movably sleeved on the main rod (1), a top block (7) being provided on the top of the main rod (1), a plurality of supporting ribs (8) being hingedly connected in an annular array at one end of the movable sleeve (3) close to the top block (7), a plurality of main ribs (9) being hingedly connected in an annular array on the side wall of the top block (7), each of the supporting ribs (8) being hingedly connected to each of the main ribs (9) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the supporting ribs (8) and the main ribs (9) corresponding to each other forming a "y"-shaped structure; One end of each of the main ribs (9) away from the top block (7) is hung with a flexible blocking bag (12) via a hanging rope (11); When the movable sleeve (3) moves up and down on the main rod (1), the supporting ribs (8) can prop up or lower the main ribs (9).

2. The underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (2) is detachably provided at the bottom of the main rod (1), and the handle (2) is in the shape of an “I” with large ends and a small middle.

3. The underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main rod (1) is sleeved with an internal threaded tube (4) at a position below the movable sleeve (3); a threaded groove (5) matching the internal threaded tube (4) is provided on the outer wall of the main rod (1); the internal threaded tube (4) can be screwed to allow the main rod (1) to be raised or lowered within the coverage of the threaded groove (5).

4. The underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring (6) is also sleeved on the main rod (1), and two ends of the spring (6) are respectively connected to the top of the movable sleeve (3) and the top block (7).

5. The underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip-shaped hollow portion (10) is provided on the main rib (9), and a hinge connection point between the main rib (9) and the supporting rib (8) is provided in the hollow portion (10), and the hinge connection point can move along the length direction of the hollow portion (10).

6. The underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three suspension ropes (11) are connected between each main rib (9) and each blocking bag (12); one end of the three suspension ropes (11) is commonly connected to the end of the main rib (9), and the other ends are respectively connected to the two ends and the midpoint of the blocking bag (12).

7. The underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking bag (12) is filled with water-absorbing and swelling material.

8. The underground cavern water and mud burst plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible sleeve (13) is strung on each of the suspension ropes (11), and the position of the flexible sleeve (13) on the suspension rope (11) can be freely adjusted.

Images