Plasma ignition combustion-supporting system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of boiler combustors, in particular to a plasma ignition combustion-supporting system which comprises a combustion assembly and an ignition assembly, the ignition assembly comprises a bent pipe and a plasma generator, a metal pipe is fixedly installed at one end of the plasma generator, a nozzle is arranged at one end of the metal pipe, and the combustion assembly comprises a combustion pipe. A center cylinder is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the combustion pipe, the nozzle is arranged in the center cylinder, the radius of the combustion pipe on the outer side of the center cylinder is gradually increased along with the distance from the ignition assembly, a plurality of flow deflectors are fixedly installed on the outer side of the center cylinder and are of a spiral structure, and the other ends of the flow deflectors are fixedly connected with the inner side of the combustion pipe. A bluff body is arranged in the end, away from the ignition assembly, of the center cylinder, and an inner sleeve is arranged at the end, away from the ignition assembly, of the center cylinder, so that the effect that the local temperature is effectively prevented from being too high is achieved, the service life is prolonged, and the combustion stability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of boiler burners, and in particular to a plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system. Background Art

[0002] Boiler burners are devices used to mix fuel (such as coal, oil, natural gas, etc.) with air and ignite them to generate heat to supply water or other media in the boiler for heating or evaporation. It is one of the core components of the boiler system and directly affects the operating efficiency, safety and environmental performance of the boiler. The ignition system of the boiler burner refers to a series of equipment and mechanisms used to ignite the mixture of fuel (such as coal powder, oil, natural gas, etc.) and air to start the combustion process. The plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system is an advanced technology that uses high-energy plasma (ionized gas) to achieve efficient fuel ignition and combustion enhancement. Its core lies in exciting gas ionization through electrical energy or microwave energy to generate high-temperature and highly active plasma flow, thereby breaking through the limitations of traditional ignition methods and achieving extremely low fuel concentration ignition, stable combustion under a wide range of operating conditions, and coordinated control of pollutants.

[0003] The above-mentioned existing technical solutions have the following defects: the current plasma ignition and combustion-supporting systems usually have the problem of uneven heat load distribution. The concentrated plasma injection causes the temperature of the main combustion zone to be too high, which is easy to cause thermal stress cracks, shorten the service life, and is inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present application provides a plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system.

[0005] The above technical objectives of this application are achieved through the following technical solutions: A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system comprises a combustion component and an ignition component, wherein the ignition component comprises a bent pipe and a plasma generator, a metal pipe is fixedly mounted at one end of the plasma generator, a nozzle is arranged at one end of the metal pipe, the combustion component comprises a combustion tube, a center tube is arranged at the middle of the inner side of the combustion tube, the nozzle is arranged inside the center tube, the radius of the combustion tube outside the center tube gradually increases as it moves away from the ignition component, a plurality of guide vanes are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the center tube, the guide vanes are arranged in a spiral structure, the other end of the guide vanes is fixedly connected to the inner side of the combustion tube, a blunt body is arranged inside the end of the center tube away from the ignition component, and an inner sleeve is arranged at the end of the center tube away from the ignition component.

[0006] By adopting the above scheme, the nozzle is set to facilitate the operation of the ignition component so that the nozzle can spray high-temperature plasma to ignite the coal powder inside the central tube. The central tube is set to facilitate a part of the coal powder airflow to pass through the inside of the central tube to form a primary combustion chamber. The nozzle is set inside the central tube to facilitate a strong electrochemical reaction between the plasma arc sprayed by the nozzle and the coal powder, and the coal powder is cracked to produce a large amount of volatiles and ignite. The radius of the combustion tube outside the central tube gradually increases as it moves away from the ignition component, which facilitates the gradual expansion of the channel between the outside of the central tube and the combustion tube, thereby reducing the flow rate of the coal powder airflow. The guide vane is arranged in a spiral structure, which is convenient for extending the flow path of the coal powder airflow outside the center tube, so that the coal powder airflow outside the center tube can be preheated, which is convenient for subsequent coal powder ignition, and the coal powder airflow can dissipate heat to the center tube, avoiding the center tube from being burned due to excessive temperature, which is beneficial to improving the service life. A blunt body is provided inside the end of the center tube away from the ignition component, and an inner sleeve is provided at the end of the center tube away from the ignition component, so that the inner sleeve can form a second combustion chamber for the coal powder airflow ejected from the outside of the center tube to burn. A low-speed and high-temperature zone is formed on one side of the blunt body, forming a continuous ignition source, and the flame is stabilized behind the blunt body, which helps to improve the stability of the flame.

[0007] Furthermore, a thermal insulation sleeve is provided on the outer side of the combustion tube, and a flame nozzle is provided at one end of the thermal insulation sleeve away from the ignition component.

[0008] By adopting the above scheme and providing the insulation sleeve, it is convenient to insulate the outside of the combustion tube to prevent the outside from being affected by high temperature.

[0009] Furthermore, a flame image collector is fixedly installed on the top of the insulation sleeve, and a wall temperature measuring point is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the central tube.

[0010] By adopting the above scheme, through the setting of flame image collector and wall temperature measuring points, it is convenient to monitor the flame shape ejected by the device and the side wall stability of the central tube, so as to provide combustion efficiency feedback.

[0011] Furthermore, a second concentrating ring is fixedly installed inside one end of the combustion tube close to the ignition assembly, and a constriction is provided inside the second concentrating ring at one end facing the ignition assembly.

[0012] By adopting the above scheme, a constriction is provided inside the second concentrating ring at one end facing the ignition assembly, so that the coal powder airflow is concentrated to the middle after passing through the second concentrating ring, thereby increasing the coal powder concentration in the middle of the airflow.

[0013] Furthermore, a first concentrating ring is provided between the second concentrating ring and the central tube, and both ends of the first concentrating ring are provided with flared openings.

[0014] By adopting the above scheme, expansion openings are provided at both ends of the first concentration ring, so as to further increase the concentration of pulverized coal in the middle of the pulverized coal airflow and facilitate ignition by the high-temperature plasma ejected from the nozzle.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the bent pipe is connected to the combustion pipe, and the other end of the bent pipe is connected to a connecting pipe, and both ends of the bent pipe and the connecting pipe are provided with connecting flanges.

[0016] By adopting the above scheme, connecting flanges are provided at both ends of the bent pipe and the connecting pipe, which facilitates the connection of the device with the external pipeline, facilitates the coal powder airflow to enter the combustion tube for ignition and combustion, and facilitates the disassembly of the bent pipe, thereby realizing convenient internal inspection and maintenance.

[0017] Furthermore, a fixing seat is fixedly installed on one side of the outer side of the bent pipe, and the top of the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plasma generator.

[0018] By adopting the above solution and setting the fixing seat, it is convenient to provide stable support and fixation for the plasma generator.

[0019] Furthermore, an arc component is fixedly installed inside the nozzle, and the arc component is electrically connected to the plasma generator.

[0020] By adopting the above scheme and setting the arc component, it is convenient to generate a high-energy arc inside the nozzle.

[0021] Furthermore, a gas interface is provided at one end of the plasma generator away from the metal tube, and the gas interface is connected to the nozzle.

[0022] By adopting the above scheme, the gas interface is connected with the nozzle, so that the gas is ionized into high-temperature plasma by the high-energy arc and ejected, which facilitates the ignition of the coal powder airflow inside the central tube.

[0023] Furthermore, a cooling circulating water interface is provided on one side of the plasma generator, and a cooling channel is provided inside the metal tube near one end of the nozzle, and the cooling channel is connected to the cooling circulating water interface.

[0024] By adopting the above solution, the cooling channel is connected with the cooling circulating water interface, which facilitates cooling of the nozzle, avoids excessively high nozzle temperature, and is conducive to extending the service life.

[0025] In summary, this application has the following technical effects: The setting of the nozzle facilitates the operation of the ignition component to eject high-temperature plasma from the nozzle to ignite the coal powder inside the central tube. The setting of the central tube facilitates a portion of the coal powder airflow to pass through the interior of the central tube to form a primary combustion chamber. The nozzle is set inside the central tube to facilitate a strong electrochemical reaction between the plasma arc ejected from the nozzle and the coal powder, causing the coal powder to decompose, produce a large amount of volatile matter and be ignited. The radius of the combustion tube passing through the outside of the central tube gradually increases as it moves away from the ignition component, which facilitates the gradual expansion of the channel between the outside of the central tube and the combustion tube, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the coal powder airflow. The guide vane is set in a spiral structure to facilitate extending the coal powder outside the central tube. The flow path of the airflow can preheat the coal powder airflow outside the central tube to facilitate the subsequent ignition of the coal powder, and can enable the coal powder airflow to dissipate heat to the central tube to prevent the central tube from being burned due to excessive temperature, which is beneficial to improving the service life. A blunt body is provided inside the end of the central tube away from the ignition component, and an inner sleeve is provided at the end of the central tube away from the ignition component, so that the inner sleeve can form a second combustion chamber for the coal powder airflow ejected from the outside of the central tube to burn. A low-speed and high-temperature zone is formed on one side of the blunt body to form a continuous ignition source. The flame is stabilized behind the blunt body, which helps to improve the stability of the flame and effectively avoids excessive local temperature, which is beneficial to extending the service life and can improve the stability of combustion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system of the present application; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the combustion assembly of the present application; Figure 3 is an exploded view of the combustion assembly of the present application; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the central tube of this application; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the ignition component of the present application.

[0027] In the figure, 101, combustion assembly; 10101, combustion tube; 10102, insulation sleeve; 10103, flame image collector; 10104, center tube; 10105, inner sleeve; 10106, first concentration ring; 10107, second concentration ring; 10108, guide vane; 10109, blunt body; 10110, flame nozzle; 102, ignition assembly; 10201, elbow; 10202, connecting pipe; 10203, fixing seat; 10204, plasma generator; 10205, gas interface; 10206, cooling circulation water interface; 10207, metal tube; 10208, nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Example

[0029] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown: The present invention provides a plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system, comprising a combustion component 101 and an ignition component 102, wherein the ignition component 102 comprises a bent pipe 10201 and a plasma generator 10204, wherein a metal pipe 10207 is fixedly mounted at one end of the plasma generator 10204, wherein a nozzle 10208 is disposed at one end of the metal pipe 10207, wherein the nozzle 10208 is disposed so as to facilitate the operation of the ignition component 102 so as to eject high-temperature plasma from the nozzle 10208 and ignite the coal powder inside the central tube 10104, wherein the combustion component 101 comprises a combustion tube 10101, wherein a central tube 10104 is disposed at the inner middle of the combustion tube 10101, and wherein the central tube 10104 is disposed at the inner middle part of the combustion tube 10101, ... 4 is set up so that a part of the coal powder airflow passes through the center tube 10104 to form a primary combustion chamber. The nozzle 10208 is set up in the center tube 10104. The nozzle 10208 is set up in the center tube 10104 so that the plasma arc ejected by the nozzle 10208 and the coal powder can undergo a strong electrochemical reaction here, and the coal powder can be cracked to produce a large amount of volatile matter and be ignited. The radius of the combustion tube 10101 outside the center tube 10104 gradually increases as it moves away from the ignition component 102. The radius of the combustion tube 10101 outside the center tube 10104 gradually increases as it moves away from the ignition component 102, so that the outside of the center tube 10104 and the combustion chamber can be connected. The passage between the burning tubes 10101 is gradually expanded, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the coal powder airflow. A plurality of guide vanes 10108 are fixedly installed on the outside of the central tube 10104. The guide vanes 10108 are arranged in a spiral structure. The guide vanes 10108 are arranged in a spiral structure, so as to extend the flow path of the coal powder airflow outside the central tube 10104, thereby preheating the coal powder airflow outside the central tube 10104, facilitating the subsequent ignition of the coal powder, and enabling the coal powder airflow to dissipate heat to the central tube 10104, thereby preventing the central tube 10104 from being burned due to excessive temperature, which is beneficial to improving the service life. The other end of the guide vane 10108 is connected to the inner wall of the combustion tube 10101. The center tube 10104 is fixedly connected on the side, a blunt body 10109 is provided inside the end of the center tube 10104 away from the ignition component 102, and an inner sleeve 10105 is provided at the end of the center tube 10104 away from the ignition component 102. The blunt body 10109 is provided inside the end of the center tube 10104 away from the ignition component 102, and the inner sleeve 10105 is provided at the end of the center tube 10104 away from the ignition component 102, so that the inner sleeve 10105 forms a second combustion chamber for the combustion of the pulverized coal airflow ejected from the outside of the center tube 10104, and a low-speed and high-temperature zone is formed on one side of the blunt body 10109 to form a continuous ignition source, and the flame is stabilized behind the blunt body 10109, which helps to improve the stability of the flame.

[0030] Among them, an insulating sleeve 10102 is provided on the outer side of the combustion tube 10101, and a flame nozzle 10110 is provided on the end of the insulating sleeve 10102 away from the ignition component 102. The setting of the insulating sleeve 10102 facilitates the insulation of the outer side of the combustion tube 10101 to prevent the outside from being affected by high temperature.

[0031] Among them, a flame image collector 10103 is fixedly installed on the top of the insulation sleeve 10102, and a wall temperature measuring point is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the central tube 10104. Through the setting of the flame image collector 10103 and the wall temperature measuring point, it is convenient to monitor the flame shape sprayed by the device and the side wall stability of the central tube 10104, so as to provide combustion efficiency feedback.

[0032] Among them, a second concentrating ring 10107 is fixedly installed inside the combustion tube 10101 at one end close to the ignition component 102, and a constriction is provided inside the second concentrating ring 10107 at one end facing the ignition component 102. The constriction is provided inside the second concentrating ring 10107 at one end facing the ignition component 102, so that the coal powder airflow is convenient for the coal powder to be concentrated to the middle part after passing through the second concentrating ring 10107, thereby increasing the coal powder concentration in the middle part of the airflow.

[0033] Among them, a first concentrating ring 10106 is arranged between the second concentrating ring 10107 and the central tube 10104. Both ends of the first concentrating ring 10106 are provided with flared openings. By providing flared openings at both ends of the first concentrating ring 10106, it is convenient to further increase the coal powder concentration in the middle of the coal powder airflow, so as to facilitate ignition by the high-temperature plasma ejected from the nozzle 10208.

[0034] Among them, one end of the bent pipe 10201 is connected to the combustion pipe 10101, and the other end of the bent pipe 10201 is connected to the connecting pipe 10202. Connecting flanges are provided at both ends of the bent pipe 10201 and the connecting pipe 10202. Connecting flanges are provided at both ends of the bent pipe 10201 and the connecting pipe 10202, which facilitates the connection of the device with an external pipeline, facilitates the coal powder airflow to enter the combustion tube 10101 for ignition and combustion, and facilitates the disassembly of the bent pipe 10201, thereby realizing convenient internal inspection and maintenance.

[0035] Among them, a fixing seat 10203 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer side of the bent pipe 10201, and the top of the fixing seat 10203 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plasma generator 10204. Through the setting of the fixing seat 10203, it is convenient to provide stable support and fixation for the plasma generator 10204.

[0036] Among them, an arc component is fixedly installed inside the nozzle 10208, and the arc component is electrically connected to the plasma generator 10204. Through the setting of the arc component, it is convenient to generate a high-energy arc inside the nozzle 10208.

[0037] Among them, a gas interface 10205 is provided at one end of the plasma generator 10204 away from the metal tube 10207, and the gas interface 10205 is connected to the nozzle 10208. The gas interface 10205 is connected to the nozzle 10208, so that the gas is ionized into high-temperature plasma by the high-energy arc and ejected, so as to facilitate the ignition of the coal powder airflow inside the central tube 10104.

[0038] Among them, a cooling circulating water interface 10206 is provided on one side of the plasma generator 10204, and a cooling channel is provided inside the metal tube 10207 near the end of the nozzle 10208. The cooling channel is connected with the cooling circulating water interface 10206. The cooling channel is connected with the cooling circulating water interface 10206, which facilitates cooling of the nozzle 10208, avoids excessive temperature of the nozzle 10208, and is beneficial to extending the service life.

[0039] Specifically, connecting flanges are provided at both ends of the bend pipe 10201 and the connecting pipe 10202, so as to facilitate the connection of the device with the external pipeline, facilitate the coal powder airflow to enter the combustion tube 10101 for ignition and combustion, and facilitate the disassembly of the bend pipe 10201, so as to realize convenient internal inspection and maintenance. A constriction is provided inside the second concentrating ring 10107 at one end facing the ignition component 102, so as to facilitate the coal powder airflow to be concentrated to the middle after passing through the second concentrating ring 10107, so as to increase the coal powder concentration in the middle of the airflow. Expanding openings are provided at both ends of the first concentrating ring 10106, so as to facilitate the further increase of the coal powder concentration in the middle of the coal powder airflow, so as to facilitate the ignition of the high-temperature plasma ejected from the nozzle 10208, and the arc component The arrangement facilitates the generation of a high-energy arc inside the nozzle 10208. The nozzle 10208 is connected through the gas interface 10205, so that the gas is ionized into a high-temperature plasma by the high-energy arc and ejected, so that the coal powder airflow inside the central tube 10104 is ignited. The nozzle 10208 is connected through the cooling channel and the cooling circulating water interface 10206, so that the nozzle 10208 is cooled to avoid excessive temperature of the nozzle 10208, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life. The arrangement of the central tube 10104 facilitates a part of the coal powder airflow to pass through the interior of the central tube 10104 to form a primary combustion chamber. The nozzle 10208 is arranged inside the central tube 10104, so that the plasma arc ejected by the nozzle 10208 and the coal powder are strongly electrically connected here. The chemical reaction causes the coal powder to crack, produce a large amount of volatiles and be ignited. The radius of the combustion tube 10101 outside the central tube 10104 gradually increases as it moves away from the ignition component 102, so that the channel between the outside of the central tube 10104 and the combustion tube 10101 gradually expands, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the coal powder airflow. The guide plate 10108 is arranged in a spiral structure, so that the flow path of the coal powder airflow outside the central tube 10104 can be extended, so that the coal powder airflow outside the central tube 10104 can be preheated, which is convenient for the subsequent ignition of the coal powder, and the coal powder airflow can dissipate the heat of the central tube 10104, so as to avoid the central tube 10104 being burned due to excessive temperature, which is beneficial to improving the service life. A blunt body 10109 is provided inside one end of the component 102, and an inner sleeve 10105 is provided at one end of the central tube 10104 away from the ignition component 102, so that the inner sleeve 10105 can enclose a second combustion chamber for the coal powder airflow ejected from the outer side of the central tube 10104 to burn. A low-speed high-temperature zone is formed on one side of the blunt body 10109 to form a continuous ignition source. The flame is stabilized behind the blunt body 10109, which helps to improve the stability of the flame. The setting of the insulation sleeve 10102 facilitates the insulation of the outer side of the combustion tube 10101 to avoid the external influence of high temperature. The setting of the flame image collector 10103 and the wall temperature measuring point facilitates the monitoring of the flame shape ejected by the device and the stability of the side wall of the central tube 10104, so as to provide combustion efficiency feedback.

[0040] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a combustion component (101) and an ignition component (102), wherein the ignition component (102) comprises a bent pipe (10201) and a plasma generator (10204), a metal pipe (10207) being fixedly mounted on one end of the plasma generator (10204), a nozzle (10208) being provided on one end of the metal pipe (10207), the combustion component (101) comprising a combustion pipe (10101), a central tube (10104) being provided at the middle of the inner side of the combustion pipe (10101), the nozzle (10208) being arranged inside the central tube (10104), and the central tube The radius of the combustion tube (10101) on the outside of (10104) gradually increases as it moves away from the ignition component (102); a plurality of guide vanes (10108) are fixedly installed on the outside of the central tube (10104); the guide vanes (10108) are arranged in a spiral structure; the other end of the guide vanes (10108) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the combustion tube (10101); a blunt body (10109) is provided inside the end of the central tube (10104) away from the ignition component (102); and an inner sleeve (10105) is provided at the end of the central tube (10104) away from the ignition component (102).

2. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion tube (10101) is provided with a thermal insulation sleeve (10102) on the outside, and a flame nozzle (10110) is provided at one end of the thermal insulation sleeve (10102) away from the ignition assembly (102).

3. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flame image collector (10103) is fixedly mounted on the top of the thermal insulation sleeve (10102), and a wall temperature measuring point is provided on the outer side of the middle portion of the central tube (10104).

4. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second concentration ring (10107) is fixedly installed inside the combustion tube (10101) at one end close to the ignition assembly (102), and a constriction is provided inside the second concentration ring (10107) at one end facing the ignition assembly (102).

5. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first concentrating ring (10106) is provided between the second concentrating ring (10107) and the central tube (10104), and flared openings are provided at both ends of the first concentrating ring (10106).

6. The plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the bent pipe (10201) is connected to the combustion pipe (10101), and the other end of the bent pipe (10201) is connected to the connecting pipe (10202), and both ends of the bent pipe (10201) and the connecting pipe (10202) are provided with connecting flanges.

7. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixing seat (10203) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outside of the curved pipe (10201), and the top of the fixing seat (10203) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plasma generator (10204).

8. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: An arc component is fixedly installed inside the nozzle (10208), and the arc component is electrically connected to the plasma generator (10204).

9. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plasma generator (10204) is provided with a gas interface (10205) at one end away from the metal tube (10207), and the gas interface (10205) is connected to the nozzle (10208).

10. A plasma ignition and combustion-supporting system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A cooling circulating water interface (10206) is provided on one side of the plasma generator (10204), and a cooling channel is provided inside the metal tube (10207) at one end close to the nozzle (10208), and the cooling channel is in communication with the cooling circulating water interface (10206).

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