Cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for refrigeration air conditioner product modification design

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for refrigeration air conditioner product modification design. Compared with a reference product before the remodeling design, the life cycle comprehensive carbon reduction rate of the refrigeration air conditioner product after the remodeling design is RER; compared with a reference product before the remodeling design, after the remodeling design of the refrigeration air conditioner product, the life cycle cost increase rate of the reference product is RCR, and the cost-carbon reduction evaluation coefficient CEC of the remodeling design is used for calculating the carbon reduction potential and the cost benefit of the remodeling design of the refrigeration air conditioner product, so that powerful support is provided for the remodeling design; the method helps to make a lower-carbon and economic decision in the development of new products, and is of great significance to guarantee the smooth transition of the industry and break through the bottleneck of the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of refrigeration technology, and in particular to a cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products. Background Art

[0002] Refrigeration and air conditioning products are large in quantity and widely used, playing an indispensable role in major fields such as industry, agriculture, commerce, food, medicine, communications, national defense, and people's daily life. The rapid development of the refrigeration and air conditioning industry has also had a huge impact on the environment. For example, HFCs refrigerants widely used in products have a high global warming potential (GWP). When leaked or discharged into the atmosphere during the use of refrigeration and air conditioning, their contribution to global climate change is much higher than that of carbon dioxide. In addition, refrigeration and air conditioning products also consume a lot of energy during operation, most of which comes from the combustion of fossil fuels, which also directly leads to the emission of a large amount of carbon dioxide greenhouse gas.

[0003] Although the modification and upgrading of refrigeration and air-conditioning products can improve the overall energy efficiency and quality of products by optimizing the structure and function of products, replacing new refrigerants, compressors, heat exchangers, etc., the resulting production costs may be very high, far greater than the cost of replacing the entire machine. In addition, during the modification and upgrading process, the corresponding component material costs, usage costs, and recycling and disposal costs will all change, and it is necessary to conduct an overall evaluation of the full life cycle costs of refrigeration and air-conditioning products with modified designs.

[0004] At present, the evaluation technology of refrigeration and air-conditioning product retrofit design in the industry focuses on product energy efficiency and carbon emission assessment, and lacks a comprehensive carbon reduction and cost-effectiveness evaluation method to judge the feasibility of new products. If the performance of refrigeration and air-conditioning product retrofit design in terms of carbon reduction and economic benefits cannot be effectively evaluated, then these new products are likely to fail to be adopted and implemented as they should be, thus limiting the market promotion of retrofit design new products.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to study a comprehensive evaluation method to comprehensively evaluate the acceptability of new refrigeration and air-conditioning products from the two dimensions of energy saving and carbon reduction and economy. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0007] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, characterized in that:

[0009] The comprehensive carbon reduction rate of the life cycle of the refrigeration and air conditioning product after the redesign is R compared with the baseline product before the redesign. ER , define the life cycle cost increase rate of the refrigeration and air conditioning product after the redesign compared with the baseline product before the redesign as R CR , the R ER The calculation formula is:

[0010]

[0011] In the formula, C LF It represents the carbon reduction of the product life cycle after the redesign compared with that before the redesign, C ref It represents the life cycle carbon emissions of the product before the redesign;

[0012] The R CR The calculation formula is:

[0013]

[0014] Where, LCC SOC,ref Represents the life cycle cost of the product before the redesign; LCC SOC,new It represents the life cycle cost of the product after the redesign;

[0015] The judgment method is:

[0016] When R ER When ≤0, the alternative technology is not feasible;

[0017] When R ER >0, and R CR When ≤0, alternative technology is feasible;

[0018] When R CR >0, R ER >0 o'clock,

[0019] Cost-reduction evaluation factor C of using modified design EC Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-carbon reduction of the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products. EC The calculation formula is:

[0020]

[0021] The acceptable life cycle cost increase rate is defined as R CR,0 , the acceptable life cycle comprehensive carbon reduction rate is defined as R ER,0 , the acceptable cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation coefficient is defined as C EC,0 ,but:

[0022] When R CR >R CR,0 and / or CEC ≤C EC,0 when alternative technologies are not feasible;

[0023] When R CR ≤R CR,0 , and C EC >C EC,0 When alternative technologies are available.

[0024] Furthermore, the C LF The calculation formula is:

[0025] C LF =C M +C P +C U +C T +C R

[0026] In the formula, C LF It indicates the total carbon reduction during the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product modification design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C M Indicates the carbon reduction in the raw material acquisition stage during the retrofit design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kgCO2 e); C P is the greenhouse gas emissions during the processing and assembly phase of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the retrofit design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C U Indicates the carbon reduction during the use phase, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C T is the carbon reduction in the transportation stage, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C R It indicates the carbon reduction in the recovery and disposal stages of raw materials and refrigerants replaced during the modification and design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kgCO2e).

[0027] Furthermore, the C M Calculated using the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, m i It represents the mass of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,i Represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2 e / kg); m j It represents the mass of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,jrepresents the carbon emission factor of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2 e / kg); n represents the total number of raw materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m represents the total number of raw materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign;

[0030] The C p Calculated using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, m j The resource usage, energy usage or direct carbon emissions in the ath process of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in units of kilograms (kg), kilowatt-hours (kW·h) and cubic meters (m 3 ); said F C,q The carbon emission factor of the resources used in the a processing step of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, or the carbon emission factor of the energy used, or the carbon emission factor of the direct emissions, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg), kilograms per kilowatt-hour (kg / kW·h), or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m 3 ); k is the number of processing steps of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; l is the sum of the number of resources, energy and greenhouse gas types consumed in the ath processing step of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m q The resource usage, energy usage or direct carbon emission in the pth process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in units of kilograms (kg), kilowatt-hours (kW·h) and cubic meters (m 3 ); said F C,h The carbon emission factor of the resources used in the pth processing process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, or the carbon emission factor of the energy used, or the carbon emission factor of direct emissions, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg), kilograms per kilowatt-hour (kg / kW·h), or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m 3 );s is the number of processing steps of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign;t is the sum of the number of resources, energy consumed and greenhouse gas types emitted in the i-th processing step of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign;

[0033] The C U Calculated using the following formula:

[0034] C U =C U1 +C U2

[0035] In the formula, C U1The carbon reduction corresponding to the energy consumption reduction during the use phase of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C U2 The carbon reduction caused by the reduction of refrigerant leakage during the use phase of refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the modified design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e);

[0036] The C T Calculated using the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] In the formula, m q The total weight of the refrigeration and air conditioning product before the redesign, in tons (t); D i F is the transportation distance of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product in the i-th transportation process before the redesign, in kilometers (km); T,i is the carbon emission factor of the means of transport in the i-th transportation process of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in units of kilotons per kilometer [kg / (t·km)]; n is the number of transportation processes of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m h Indicates the total weight of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the redesign, in tons (t); D j F is the transportation distance of the jth transportation process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kilometers (km); T,j is the carbon emission factor of the transportation vehicle in the jth transportation process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in units of thousand tons per kilometer [kg / (t·km)]; k is the number of transportation processes of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product;

[0039] The C R Calculated using the following formula:

[0040] C R =C R,M +C R,R

[0041] In the formula, C R,M The carbon reduction from recycling the raw materials replaced in the modified design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C R,R It is the carbon reduction in the refrigerant recovery and disposal process, measured in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2e).

[0042] Furthermore, the C U In the calculation of

[0043] C U1 Calculated as follows:

[0044] C U1 =(e q-e h )×EE×N

[0045] In the formula, e q The annual power consumption of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product during use before the redesign, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h), is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard; h The annual power consumption of the modified refrigeration and air-conditioning product during use is in kilowatt-hours (kW·h), estimated according to the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard; EE is the carbon emission factor of electricity production, in kilograms of carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour (kg CO2 e / kW·h); N is the design service life of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years;

[0046] C U2 Calculated as follows:

[0047] C U2 =(1+L×N)×(m q ×GWP q -m h ×GWP h )

[0048] Where, L is the annual leakage rate of refrigerant in refrigeration and air conditioning products, expressed as a percentage (%); N is the design service life of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in years; m q It is the refrigerant charge amount of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); m h It is the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the modification design, in kilograms (kg); GWP q Global warming potential of refrigerants used in retrofit refrigeration and air conditioning products; GWP h The global warming potential of refrigerants used in refrigeration and air-conditioning products before retrofitting.

[0049] Furthermore, the C R In the calculation of

[0050] C R,M Calculated as follows:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, m i It indicates the amount of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,i It represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2 e / kg); A represents the recovery rate of the i-th material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; r,irepresents the distribution coefficient of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; n represents the amount of recyclable materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m j It indicates the amount of the jth material used in the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F C,j It represents the carbon emission factor of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the modified design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kgCO2e / kg); A represents the recovery rate of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; r,j represents the distribution coefficient of the jth material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; m represents the amount of recyclable materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign;

[0053] C R,R Calculated as follows:

[0054] C R,R =-[(m q ×GWP q -m h ×GWP h )·α R α U +C BR ]

[0055] In the formula, m q Indicates the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); m h Indicates the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); GWP q Indicates the global warming potential of the refrigerant used in refrigeration and air-conditioning products before the design modification; GWP h Indicates the global warming potential of the refrigerant used in the refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the redesign; R is the refrigerant recovery cycle coefficient, which is based on data published by the country, industry or third-party organization. If there is no relevant data, it is uniformly taken as 0 and expressed as a percentage (%); ɑ U is the proportion of refrigerant recycled and reused, expressed as a percentage (%); C BR The carbon reduction during the refrigerant combustion process is expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2e / kg);

[0056] Furthermore, the carbon reduction during the refrigerant combustion process C BR Calculated using the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, CC Ris the carbon content of the refrigerant, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg); GWP CO2 It is the global warming potential of CO2, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2 e / kg).

[0059] Furthermore, the carbon emission factor refers to the data published in the carbon emission factor database of the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are located, the allocation factor takes a fixed value of 0.5, and the global warming potential is based on the data published in GB / T 9237 or the data published in the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

[0060] Furthermore, the LCC SOC The calculation formula is:

[0061] LCC soc =(1+γ m )C o +nC ener +C env

[0062] In the formula, C O represents the initial investment of refrigeration and air conditioning products; γ m It represents the maintenance cost coefficient compared to the initial investment during the product life cycle, which is estimated by the refrigeration and air conditioning product supplier based on the maintenance fee rate; C ener Indicates the annual energy operating cost of refrigeration and air conditioning products during their life cycle; C env represents the social and environmental cost of refrigeration and air conditioning products during their life cycle; n represents the life cycle of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in years;

[0063] The LCC SOC,ref γ before the modified design m , C O , C ener , C env and n corresponding values ​​are calculated, the LCC SOC,new The modified design of γ m , C O , C ener , C env Calculate the value corresponding to and n.

[0064] Furthermore, the C ener Calculated as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Where n is the design service life of the refrigeration and air conditioning product; E i EF is the annual consumption of the i-th category of energy for refrigeration and air-conditioning products; iThe unit energy cost of the i-th category of refrigeration and air-conditioning products;

[0067] The C env Calculated as follows:

[0068] C env =E ODP γ ODP +E GWP γ GWP

[0069] In the formula, E ODP It indicates the ozone depletion potential index of refrigeration and air conditioning products in their life cycle before or after the redesign, in kg R11 e; E GWP It indicates the global warming potential index of refrigeration and air conditioning products in their life cycle before or after the redesign, in kg CO2 e; γ ODP is the cost conversion factor for ozone layer depletion potential, in RMB / kgR11 e, γ GWP is the global warming potential cost conversion factor, with the unit being yuan / kg CO2 e.

[0070] Furthermore, the E ODP The calculation formula is:

[0071] E ODP =m R ×ODP R

[0072] In the formula, m R The total refrigerant charge during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); ODP R is the stratospheric ozone depletion potential of the refrigerant;

[0073] The E GWP The calculation formula is:

[0074]

[0075] Where GWP R is the global warming potential of the refrigerant; CSTE is the power consumption of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product in the cooling season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); e is the annual power consumption of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); n is the life span of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years; F E,i is the grid carbon emission factor in the i-th year during the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kgCO2 e / (kW·h);

[0076] The m R The calculation formula is:

[0077] m R=m0×[(1-α R )+L×n]

[0078] Where, m0 is the designed charge of the product, in kg; L is the annual leakage rate of the refrigerant, in % / year; n is the life of the refrigeration and air conditioning product, in years, and α R The refrigerant recovery cycle coefficient is the data released by the country, industry or third-party organization. If there is no relevant data, 0 is used.

[0079] Furthermore, the ODP R Refer to the data values ​​in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014; the GWP R The value is based on the data published in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014 or the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; the e is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard; the F E,i The value is taken with reference to the data published in the greenhouse gas emission coefficient database of the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are manufactured.

[0080] Furthermore, the C ref The calculation is carried out according to the method specified in the standard GB / T 33224-2016 "Environmental impact assessment method for mechanical refrigeration systems for refrigeration and heating".

[0081] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0082] This application proposes a cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products based on the life cycle assessment method, and calculates the carbon reduction potential and cost-effectiveness of the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products. It can provide strong support for the refrigeration and air-conditioning industry and help it make more low-carbon and economical decisions in new product development. This application will be conducive to the scientific promotion of green design and manufacturing in the refrigeration and air-conditioning industry, leading the energy-saving and environmental protection development of the industry, and is of great significance to ensuring the smooth transition of the industry and breaking through the existing technical bottlenecks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0083] Figure 1 The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation matrix of refrigeration and air-conditioning products for the evaluation method provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail below:

[0085] A cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, using the life cycle comprehensive carbon reduction rate of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the retrofit design compared with the benchmark product before the retrofit design as R ERThe increase rate of life cycle cost of the refrigeration and air conditioning product after the redesign is R compared with the baseline product before the redesign. CR and the cost-carbon reduction evaluation factor C of the retrofit design EC Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-carbon reduction benefits of the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0086] C EC The calculation formula is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] R ER Calculate according to the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, C new represents the life cycle carbon emissions of the product after the redesign, C ref represents the life cycle carbon emissions of the product before the redesign, C LF It indicates the carbon reduction in the product life cycle after the redesign compared with the product before the redesign.

[0091] R CR The calculation formula is:

[0092]

[0093] Where, LCC SOC,ref Represents the life cycle cost of the product before the redesign; LCC SOC,new Represents the life cycle cost of the product after the redesign.

[0094] 1. Life cycle carbon reduction of refrigeration and air conditioning product modification design C LF

[0095] The carbon reduction of the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products should be summed up according to the stages of the product life cycle, including the raw material acquisition stage, processing and assembly stage, use stage, recycling and disposal stage. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0096] C LF =C M +C P +C U +C T +C R

[0097] In the formula, C LF It indicates the total carbon reduction during the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product modification design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C MIndicates the carbon reduction in the raw material acquisition stage during the retrofit design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kgCO2 e); C P is the greenhouse gas emissions during the processing and assembly phase of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the retrofit design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C U Indicates the carbon reduction during the use phase, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C T The carbon reduction in the transportation stage is expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e). The transportation stage includes the transportation of raw materials and purchased parts to the production site, the transportation of the unit from the manufacturer to the use site, and the transportation from the use site to the disassembly site after the life cycle. R It indicates the carbon reduction in the recovery and disposal stages of raw materials replaced during the redesign process of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e).

[0098] 1) Carbon reduction in the raw material acquisition stage C M Calculation method

[0099] C M Calculated using the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, m i It represents the mass of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,i It represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2 e / kg), referring to the data published by the China Product Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Coefficient Database; m j It represents the mass of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,j It represents the carbon emission factor of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the retrofit design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2 e / kg), referring to the data released by the China Product Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Database; n represents the total number of raw materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the retrofit design; m represents the total number of raw materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the retrofit design.

[0102] 2) Carbon reduction during processing and assembly p Calculation method

[0103]

[0104] In the formula, m bis the resource usage in the ath process of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); or is the energy usage in the ath process, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); or is the direct carbon emissions in the ath process, in cubic meters (m 3 ). C,q is the carbon emission factor of the resources used in the ath process of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg); or is the carbon emission factor of the energy used in the ath process, in kilograms per kilowatt-hour (kg / kW·h); or is the direct carbon emissions of the ath process, in kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m 3 ). k is the number of processing steps of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products before the redesign; l is the sum of the number of resources, energy and greenhouse gas types consumed in the ath processing step of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products before the redesign.

[0105] m q is the resource usage in the pth process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kilograms (kg); or is the energy usage in the pth process, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); or is the direct carbon emissions in the pth process, in cubic meters (m 3 ). C,h is the carbon emission factor of the resources used in the pth process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg); or is the carbon emission factor of the energy used in the pth process, in kilograms per kilowatt-hour (kg / kW·h); or is the direct carbon emissions of the pth process, in kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m 3 ). s is the number of processing steps of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; t is the sum of the number of resources, energy and greenhouse gas types consumed in the pth processing step of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign.

[0106] 3) Carbon reduction during the use phase C U The difference between the carbon emissions of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products in their design service life before the retrofit design and the carbon emissions of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products in their design service life after the retrofit design can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0107] C U =C U1 +C U2

[0108] In the formula, C U1 The carbon reduction corresponding to the energy consumption reduction during the use phase of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); CU2 It is the carbon reduction caused by the reduction of refrigerant leakage during the use phase of refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the modified design, and the unit is kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e).

[0109] Among them, C U1 Calculated as follows:

[0110] C U1 =(e q -e h )×EE×N

[0111] In the formula, e q The annual power consumption of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product during use before the redesign, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h), is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard; h It is the annual power consumption of the modified refrigeration and air-conditioning product during use, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h), estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard; EE is the carbon emission factor of electricity production, in kilograms of carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour (kg CO2 e / kW·h), referring to the data released by the China Product Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Coefficient Database; N is the design service life of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years (a).

[0112] C U2 Calculated as follows:

[0113] C U2 =(1+L×N)×(m q ×GWP q -m h ×GWP h )

[0114] Where, L is the annual leakage rate of refrigerant in refrigeration and air conditioning products, expressed as a percentage (%); N is the design service life of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in years; m q It is the refrigerant charge amount of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); m h It is the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the modification design, in kilograms (kg); GWP q The global warming potential of the refrigerant used in the modified refrigeration and air-conditioning products shall be based on the data published in GB / T 9237 or the data published in the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); GWP h The global warming potential of the refrigerant used in the refrigeration and air-conditioning products before the retrofit design shall be based on the data published in GB / T 9237 or the data published in the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

[0115] 4) Carbon reduction in the transportation stage CT Calculation method

[0116] The C T Calculated using the following formula:

[0117]

[0118] In the formula, m q The total weight of the refrigeration and air conditioning product before the redesign, in tons (t); D i F is the transportation distance of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product in the i-th transportation process before the redesign, in kilometers (km); T,i is the carbon emission factor of the means of transport in the i-th transportation process of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in units of kilotons per kilometer [kg / (t·km)]; n is the number of transportation processes of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m h Indicates the total weight of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the redesign, in tons (t); D j F is the transportation distance of the jth transportation process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kilometers (km); T,j is the carbon emission factor of the transportation vehicle in the jth transportation process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in units of thousand tons per kilometer [kg / (t·km)]; k is the number of transportation processes of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product;

[0119] 5) Carbon reduction in recycling and disposal stages C R Calculation method

[0120] The C R Calculated using the following formula:

[0121] C R =C R,M +C R,R

[0122] In the formula, C R,M The carbon reduction from recycling the raw materials replaced in the modified design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C R,R It is the carbon reduction in the refrigerant recovery and disposal process, measured in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2e).

[0123] Among them, C R,M Calculated as follows:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula, m i It indicates the amount of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,iIt represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2 e / kg), referring to the data published by the China Product Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Database; A represents the recovery rate of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; r,i It represents the distribution coefficient of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, which is generally a fixed value of 0.5; n represents the amount of recyclable materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m j It indicates the amount of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F C,j It represents the carbon emission factor of the jth raw material of the modified refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2e / kg), referring to the data published by the China Product Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Database; A represents the recovery rate of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; r,j It represents the distribution coefficient of the jth material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the retrofit design, which is generally taken as a fixed value of 0.5; m represents the amount of recyclable materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the retrofit design.

[0126] C R,R Calculated as follows:

[0127] C R,R =-[(m q ×GWP q -m h ×GWP h )·α R α U +C BR ]

[0128] In the formula, m q Indicates the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); m h Indicates the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); GWP q Indicates the global warming potential of the refrigerant used in refrigeration and air-conditioning products before the redesign, based on the data published in GB / T9237 or the data published in the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); GWP h Indicates the global warming potential of the refrigerant used in the modified refrigeration and air-conditioning products, based on the data published in GB / T 9237 or the data published in the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); Ris the refrigerant recovery cycle coefficient, expressed as a percentage (%). The refrigerant recovery cycle coefficient should preferably select the data released by the state, industry or third-party institutions. When no relevant data is released, the refrigerant recovery and reuse coefficient is uniformly taken as 0; U is the proportion of refrigerant recycled and reused, expressed as a percentage (%); C BR It is the amount of carbon reduction during the refrigerant combustion disposal process, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2e / kg).

[0129] Carbon reduction during refrigerant combustion treatment BR Calculated using the following formula:

[0130]

[0131] In the formula, CC R is the carbon content of the refrigerant, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg); 44 / 12 represents the conversion factor of carbon mass to carbon dioxide mass; GWP CO2 It represents the global warming potential of CO2 in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2e / kg). It is based on the data published in GB / T 9237 or the data published in the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the value is 1.

[0132] 2. Life cycle cost (LCC) of refrigeration and air conditioning products SOC

[0133] Life cycle cost (LCC) of refrigeration and air conditioning products SOC It includes the initial investment of the product, the cost of product use and maintenance, and the environmental costs caused by carbon emissions during the product life cycle.

[0134] The LCC SOC The calculation formula is:

[0135] LCC soc =(1+γ m )C o +nC ener +C env

[0136] In the formula, C O represents the initial investment of refrigeration and air conditioning products; γ m It represents the maintenance cost coefficient compared to the initial investment during the product life cycle, which is estimated by the refrigeration and air conditioning product supplier based on the maintenance fee rate; C ener Indicates the annual energy operating cost of refrigeration and air conditioning products during their life cycle; C env It represents the social and environmental cost of refrigeration and air-conditioning products during their life cycle; n represents the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in years (a).

[0137] C ener It can be obtained by multiplying the unit cost of different types of energy by their consumption.

[0138]

[0139] Where n is the designed service life of the product; E i is the annual consumption of the i-th type of energy; EF i is the unit cost of energy for the ith category.

[0140] C env Calculated as follows:

[0141] C env =E ODP γ ODP +E GWP γ GWP

[0142] In the formula, E ODP It indicates the ozone layer depletion potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in kg R11 e; E GWP It represents the global warming potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in kg CO2 e; γ ODP is the cost conversion factor for ozone layer depletion potential, in RMB / kg R11 e, γ GWP is the global warming potential cost conversion factor, in yuan / kg CO2 e;

[0143] In this application, LCC SOC,ref and LCC SOC,new The calculation formula is the same as:

[0144] E ODP =m R ×ODP R

[0145] In the formula, m R The total refrigerant charge during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); ODP R is the stratospheric ozone depletion potential of the refrigerant, refer to the data in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014;

[0146] LCC SOC,ref γ before the modified design m , C O , C ener , C env and n corresponding values ​​are calculated, the LCC SOC,new The modified design of γ m , CO , C ener , C env Just calculate the value corresponding to and n.

[0147] In the above formula, m R The calculation formula is:

[0148] m R =m0×[(1-α R )+L×n]

[0149] Where, m0 is the designed charge of the product, in kg; L is the annual leakage rate of the refrigerant, in % / year; n is the life of the refrigeration and air conditioning product, in years, and α R The refrigerant recovery cycle coefficient is selected from the data released by the country, industry or third-party organization. If there is no relevant data, it is uniformly taken as 0;

[0150] E GWP The calculation formula is:

[0151]

[0152] Where GWP R is the global warming potential of the refrigerant, which is based on the data published in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO5149-1:2014 or the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; CSTE is the power consumption of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the cooling season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); e is the annual power consumption of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, which is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); n is the life span of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in years; F E,i It is the grid carbon emission factor in the i-th year during the product life cycle, which is obtained by referring to the data published by the greenhouse gas emission coefficient database of the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning product is located, and the unit is kg CO2 e / (kW·h).

[0153] 3. Evaluation

[0154] For the application of refrigeration and air conditioning product retrofit design technology, there is an acceptable life cycle comprehensive carbon reduction rate R ER , life cycle cost increase rate R CR and cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation coefficient C EC , you can use Figure 1 The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation matrix for refrigeration and air-conditioning products shown is used to effectively evaluate the acceptability of refrigerant replacement technologies.

[0155] See also Figure 1 , after the redesign of refrigeration and air conditioning products, compared with the products before the redesign:

[0156] 1) When R ER When ≤0, the alternative technology is not feasible, specifically:

[0157] (1) If the life cycle cost increase rate R CR >0, life cycle comprehensive carbon reduction rate R ER ≤0, that is, after the redesign of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, the cost and carbon emissions increase compared with the product before the redesign, and it is in the fourth quadrant of the evaluation matrix. In this case, the refrigerant replacement technology is unacceptable from the economic and carbon reduction aspects, and the redesign technology is not feasible.

[0158] (2) If the life cycle cost increase rate R CR ≤0, life cycle comprehensive carbon reduction rate R ER ≤0, that is, after the refrigeration and air-conditioning products adopt refrigerant substitution technology, the cost is reduced but the carbon emissions are increased compared with the benchmark products before refrigerant substitution, and it is in the third quadrant of the evaluation matrix. In this case, the refrigerant substitution technology is acceptable in terms of economy but unacceptable in terms of carbon reduction, and the retrofit design technology is not feasible.

[0159] 2) When R ER >0, and R CR When ≤0, alternative technologies are feasible, specifically:

[0160] If the life cycle cost increase rate R CR ≤0, life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate R ER >0, that is, after the redesign of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, compared with the product before the redesign, the cost is reduced and the carbon emissions are reduced, and it is in the second quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The redesign technology is acceptable from the economic and carbon reduction aspects, and the redesign technology is feasible.

[0161] 3) When R CR >0, R ER When it is greater than 0, it means that after the refrigeration and air conditioning product is redesigned, the cost increases but the carbon emissions decrease compared to the product before the redesign. It is in the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix, and most of the redesign technologies are in this area. Introducing the cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation coefficient C EC Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-carbon reduction benefits of the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0162] For the application of retrofit design technology, there is generally an acceptable life cycle cost increase rate R CR,0 , life cycle comprehensive carbon reduction rate R ER,0 and cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation coefficient C EC,0 Therefore, the evaluation of alternative technologies in this area also includes multiple scenarios:

[0163] (1) Scenario 1: R CR >RCR,0 , C EC ≤C EC,0 , which is in the I-1 area of ​​the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of the retrofit design technology in this area requires a large additional cost, but the comprehensive cost-carbon reduction benefit is relatively small. The carbon reduction benefit obtained under the condition of higher cost is not good. Therefore, the retrofit design technology is unacceptable from the economic and environmental aspects, and the retrofit design technology is not feasible.

[0164] (2) Scenario 2: R CR >R CR,0 , C EC >C EC,0 , which is in the Ⅰ-2 area of ​​the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of the retrofit design technology in this area requires a lot of additional cost, but the cost-carbon reduction comprehensive benefit is relatively good. In this case, the retrofit design technology is unacceptable from the economic level, but acceptable from the environmental level, and the alternative technology has a certain application prospect. After reducing the replacement cost through means such as technology iteration, it can enter the Ⅰ-5 area of ​​the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix.

[0165] (3) Scenario 3: R CR ≤R CR,0 , C EC ≤C EC,0 , which is in the Ⅰ-3 area of ​​the Ⅰ quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of the retrofit design technology in this area does not require additional cost or the additional cost is acceptable, but the comprehensive cost-carbon reduction benefit is relatively small, and the carbon reduction benefit obtained when the corresponding cost is invested is not good. In this case, the retrofit design technology is economically acceptable, but the energy saving and carbon reduction aspects are unacceptable, and the retrofit design technology is not feasible.

[0166] (4) Scenario 4: R CR ≤R CR,0 , C EC >C EC,0 But R ER ≤R ER,0 , which is in the Ⅰ-4 area of ​​the Ⅰ quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of the retrofit design technology in this area does not require additional cost or the additional cost is acceptable, and the carbon reduction benefits obtained under the corresponding cost are acceptable, but the carbon reduction rate does not reach the expected value. From the perspective of comprehensive benefit evaluation, the retrofit design technology is feasible.

[0167] (5) Scenario 5: R CR ≤R CR,0 , C EC >C EC,0 And R ER >R ER,0, which is in the Ⅰ-5 area of ​​the Ⅰ quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of the retrofit design technology in this area does not require additional cost or the additional cost is acceptable. With the corresponding cost, it can achieve good carbon reduction benefits and is the retrofit design technology that is encouraged to be promoted first.

[0168] The above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention; the above-mentioned references are only used to supplement the prior art, but not to limit the present invention; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned implementation modes, those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, characterized in that: Define the comprehensive carbon reduction rate of the life cycle of the refrigeration and air conditioning product after the redesign compared with the baseline product before the redesign as R ER , define the life cycle cost increase rate of the refrigeration and air conditioning product after the redesign compared with the baseline product before the redesign as R CR , the R ER The calculation formula is: In the formula, C LF It represents the carbon reduction of the product life cycle after the redesign compared with that before the redesign, C ref It represents the life cycle carbon emissions of the product before the redesign; The R CR The calculation formula is: Where, LCC SOC,ref Represents the life cycle cost of the product before the redesign; LCC SOC,new It represents the life cycle cost of the product after the redesign; The judgment method is: When R ER When ≤0, the alternative technology is not feasible; When R ER >0, and R CR When ≤0, alternative technology is feasible; When R CR >0, R ER >0 o'clock, Cost-reduction evaluation factor C of using modified design EC Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-carbon reduction of the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products. EC The calculation formula is: The acceptable life cycle cost increase rate is defined as R CR,0 , the acceptable life cycle comprehensive carbon reduction rate is defined as R ER,0 , the acceptable cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation coefficient is defined as C EC,0 ,but: When R CR >R CR,0 and / or C EC ≤C EC,0 when alternative technologies are not feasible; When R CR ≤R CR,0 , and C EC >C EC,0 When alternative technologies are available.

2. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The C LF The calculation formula is: C LF =C M +C P +C U +C T +C R In the formula, C LF It indicates the total carbon reduction during the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product modification design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C M Indicates the carbon reduction in the raw material acquisition stage in the retrofit design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2e); C P is the greenhouse gas emissions during the processing and assembly phase of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the retrofit design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C U Indicates the carbon reduction during the use phase, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C T is the carbon reduction in the transportation stage, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C R It indicates the carbon reduction in the recovery and disposal stages of raw materials and refrigerants replaced during the modification and design process of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e).

3. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The C M Calculated using the following formula: In the formula, m i Indicates the amount of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,i Represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kgCO2 e / kg); m j It represents the mass of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,j represents the carbon emission factor of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kgCO2 e / kg); n represents the total number of raw materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m represents the total number of raw materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; The C p Calculated using the following formula: In the formula, m b The resource usage, energy usage or direct carbon emissions in the ath process of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in units of kilograms (kg), kilowatt-hours (kW·h) and cubic meters (m 3 ); said F C,q The carbon emission factor of the resources used in the a processing step of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, or the carbon emission factor of the energy used, or the carbon emission factor of the direct emissions, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg), kilograms per kilowatt-hour (kg / kW·h), or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m 3 ); k is the number of processing steps of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; l is the sum of the number of resources, energy and greenhouse gas types consumed in the ath processing step of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m q The resource usage, energy usage or direct carbon emission in the pth process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in units of kilograms (kg), kilowatt-hours (kW·h) and cubic meters (m 3 ); said F C,h The carbon emission factor of the resources used in the pth processing process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, or the carbon emission factor of the energy used, or the carbon emission factor of direct emissions, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg), kilograms per kilowatt-hour (kg / kW·h), or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m 3 );s is the number of processing steps of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign;t is the sum of the number of resources, energy consumed and greenhouse gas types emitted in the i-th processing step of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; The C U Calculated using the following formula: C U =C U1 +C U2 In the formula, C U1 The carbon reduction corresponding to the energy consumption reduction during the use phase of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C U2 The carbon reduction caused by the reduction of refrigerant leakage during the use phase of refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the modified design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); The C T Calculated using the following formula: In the formula, m q The total weight of the refrigeration and air conditioning product before the redesign, in tons (t); D i F is the transportation distance of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product in the i-th transportation process before the redesign, in kilometers (km); T,i is the carbon emission factor of the means of transport in the i-th transportation process of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in units of kilotons per kilometer [kg / (t·km)]; n is the number of transportation processes of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m h Indicates the total weight of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the redesign, in tons (t); D j F is the transportation distance of the jth transportation process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kilometers (km); T,j is the carbon emission factor of the transportation vehicle in the jth transportation process of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in units of thousand tons per kilometer [kg / (t·km)]; k is the number of transportation processes of the redesigned refrigeration and air-conditioning product; The C R Calculated using the following formula: C R =C R,M +C R,R In the formula, C R,M The carbon reduction from recycling the raw materials replaced in the modified design, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e); C R,R It is the carbon reduction in the refrigerant recovery and disposal process, measured in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2 e).

4. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The C U In the calculation of C U1 Calculated as follows: C U1 =(and q -And h )×EE×N In the formula, e q The annual power consumption of the refrigeration and air conditioning product before the redesign, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); h is the annual power consumption of the modified refrigeration and air-conditioning product during use, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); EE is the carbon emission factor of electricity production, in kilograms of carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour (kg CO2 e / kW·h); N is the design service life of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years; C U2 Calculated as follows: C U2 =(1+L×N)×(m q ×GWP q -m h ×GWP h ) Where, L is the annual leakage rate of refrigerant in refrigeration and air conditioning products, expressed as a percentage (%); N is the design service life of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in years; m q It is the refrigerant charge amount of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); m h It is the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the modification design, in kilograms (kg); GWP q Global warming potential of refrigerants used in retrofit refrigeration and air conditioning products; GWP h The global warming potential of refrigerants used in refrigeration and air-conditioning products before retrofitting.

5. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The annual electricity consumption is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard; the carbon emission factor refers to the data published by the China Product Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Coefficient Database; the global warming potential is based on the data published in GB / T 9237 or the data published in the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

6. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The C R In the calculation of C R,M Calculated as follows: In the formula, m i It indicates the amount of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F c,i It represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kgCO2 e / kg); A represents the recovery rate of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; r,i represents the distribution coefficient of the i-th raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; n represents the amount of recyclable materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign; m j It indicates the amount of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); F C,j It represents the carbon emission factor of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2e / kg); A represents the recovery rate of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; r,j represents the distribution coefficient of the jth raw material of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; m represents the amount of recyclable materials of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign; C R,R Calculated as follows: C R,R =-[(m q ×GWP q -m h ×GWP h )·a R ·a U +C BR ] In the formula, m q Indicates the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product before the redesign, in kilograms (kg); m h It indicates the refrigerant charge of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product after the redesign, in kilograms (kg); GWP q Indicates the global warming potential of the refrigerant used in refrigeration and air-conditioning products before the design modification; GWP h Indicates the global warming potential of the refrigerant used in the refrigeration and air-conditioning products after the redesign; R is the refrigerant recovery cycle coefficient, expressed as a percentage (%); U is the proportion of refrigerant recycled and reused, expressed as a percentage (%); C BR It is the amount of carbon reduction during the refrigerant combustion disposal process, measured in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kgCO2e / kg).

7. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Carbon reduction during refrigerant combustion treatment BR Calculated using the following formula: In the formula, CC R is the carbon content of the refrigerant, in kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg); GWP CO2 It is the global warming potential of CO2, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram (kg CO2 e / kg).

8. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The carbon emission factor is based on the data published in the carbon emission factor database of the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are located. The allocation factor is a fixed value of 0.

5. The global warming potential is based on the data published in GB / T 9237 or the data published in the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

9. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 1 is characterized in that: LCC SOC The calculation formula is: LCC soc =(1+γ m )C o +nC ener +C env In the formula, C O represents the initial investment of refrigeration and air conditioning products; γ m It represents the maintenance cost coefficient compared to the initial investment during the product life cycle, which is estimated by the refrigeration and air conditioning product supplier based on the maintenance fee rate; C ener Indicates the annual energy operating cost of refrigeration and air conditioning products during their life cycle; C env represents the social and environmental cost of refrigeration and air conditioning products during their life cycle; n represents the life cycle of refrigeration and air conditioning products, in years; The LCC SOC,ref γ before the modified design m , C O , C ener , C env and n corresponding values ​​are calculated, the LCC SOC,new The modified design of γ m , C O , C ener , C env Calculate the value corresponding to and n.

10. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 9, characterized in that: The C ener Calculated as follows: Where n is the design service life of the refrigeration and air conditioning product; E i EF is the annual consumption of the i-th category of energy for refrigeration and air-conditioning products; i The unit energy cost of the i-th category of refrigeration and air-conditioning products; The C env Calculated as follows: C env =E ODP c ODP +E GWP c GWP In the formula, E ODP It indicates the ozone depletion potential index of refrigeration and air conditioning products in their life cycle before or after the redesign, in kg R11 e; E GWP It indicates the global warming potential index of refrigeration and air conditioning products in their life cycle before or after the redesign, in kg CO2 e; γ ODP is the cost conversion factor for ozone layer depletion potential, in RMB / kg R11e, γ GWP is the global warming potential cost conversion factor, with the unit being yuan / kg CO2 e.

11. A cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for refrigeration and air-conditioning product retrofit design according to claim 10, characterized in that: The E ODP The calculation formula is: HAVE BEEN ODP =m R ×ODP R In the formula, m R The total refrigerant charge during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); ODP R is the stratospheric ozone depletion potential of the refrigerant; The E GWP The calculation formula is: Where GWP R is the global warming potential of the refrigerant; CSTE is the power consumption of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product in the cooling season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); e is the annual power consumption of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); n is the life span of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years; F E,i is the grid carbon emission factor in the i-th year during the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kg CO2e / (kW·h); The m R The calculation formula is: m R =m0×[(1-a R )+L×n] Where m0 is the designed charge of the product, in kg; L is the annual leakage rate of the refrigerant, in % / year; n is the life of the refrigeration and air conditioning product, in years, and α R The refrigerant recovery cycle coefficient is the data released by the country, industry or third-party organization. If there is no relevant data, 0 is used.

12. A cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for refrigeration and air conditioning product retrofit design according to claim 11, characterized in that: The ODP R Refer to the data values ​​in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014; the GWP R The value is based on the data published in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014 or the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; the e is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard; the F E,i The value is taken with reference to the data published in the greenhouse gas emission coefficient database of the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are manufactured.

13. The cost-carbon reduction benefit evaluation method for the retrofit design of refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The C ref The calculation is carried out according to the method specified in the standard GB / T 33224-2016 "Environmental impact assessment method for mechanical refrigeration systems for refrigeration and heating".

Images