Cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution of refrigeration air conditioner product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution of a refrigeration air conditioner product. The life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit emission reduction rate RER of a reference product after the refrigeration air-conditioning product refrigerant is used for replacement compared with the reference product before the refrigerant is used for replacement; and the cost-environmental benefit of the refrigerant substitution technology of the refrigeration air conditioner product is comprehensively evaluated according to the life cycle cost increase rate RCR of the reference product and the cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient CEC of the refrigerant substitution technology after the refrigerant substitution of the refrigeration air conditioner product compared with that before the refrigerant substitution. According to the method, different types of refrigeration air conditioner products and different ozone climate-friendly refrigerant replacement technologies in the refrigeration industry can be calculated from the two perspectives of environmental benefits and economic benefits, related support is provided for making more environment-friendly and economic choices on the refrigerant replacement technology in the refrigeration industry, and the method has important significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of refrigeration technology, and in particular to a cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products. Background Art

[0002] According to the Montreal Protocol, the refrigeration and air-conditioning industry is accelerating the phase-out of HCFCs, an ozone-depleting substance. The refrigeration and air-conditioning industry is one of the main consumer industries of HCFCs and HFCs. It is the future development trend of the industry to vigorously promote ozone climate-friendly substitutes and technologies with zero stratospheric ozone depletion effect (ODP) and lower global warming effect (GWP) values.

[0003] In the implementation of the HCFCs and HFCs refrigerant phase-out management plan in my country, zero ODP value and low GWP value alternative technologies are adopted, including CO 2 NH 3 , R32, HFCs, HFOs, etc. Although the use of these alternative refrigerants can effectively reduce the impact of refrigeration equipment on the environment, due to the disadvantages of alternative refrigerants such as flammability, toxicity, high pressure or low volumetric efficiency, in the process of replacement, it involves upgrading and replacing the application technology and manufacturing process of traditional refrigerants, and the corresponding product material cost, component cost, manufacturing cost, operating cost and refrigerant cost will all change. The cost of refrigeration equipment produced using alternative refrigerant technology may increase significantly.

[0004] As for the implementation effect of the Convention, the feasibility of economic costs determines the specific response measures taken by enterprises and users, which in turn affects the selection of refrigerant replacement technologies. The existing evaluation technology of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the industry focuses on energy efficiency and environmental benefit evaluation, and there is a lack of evaluation methods for the cost-environmental comprehensive benefits of the feasibility of refrigerant replacement technologies. If the environmental and economic benefits of refrigerant replacement technologies cannot be effectively and comprehensively evaluated, it is very likely that environmentally friendly alternative technologies will not be adopted and implemented, which will restrict the promotion and application of refrigerant replacement technologies.

[0005] Therefore, it is very necessary to provide a comprehensive cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant replacement technologies and conduct a comprehensive assessment of the acceptability of refrigerant replacement technologies from both economic and environmental perspectives. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0007] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products, defining the life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate of refrigeration and air-conditioning products after refrigerant substitution compared with the baseline product before refrigerant substitution as R ER , define the life cycle cost increase rate of refrigeration and air conditioning products after refrigerant substitution compared with the baseline product before refrigerant substitution as R CR ,but:

[0009] When R ER When ≤0, the alternative technology is not feasible;

[0010] When R ER >0, and R CR When ≤0, alternative technology is feasible;

[0011] When R CR >0, R ER When >0, use the cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient C EC Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-environmental benefits of refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products. EC The calculation formula is:

[0012]

[0013] The acceptable life cycle cost increase rate is defined as R CR,0 The acceptable life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate is defined as R ER,0 , the acceptable cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient is defined as C EC,0 ,but:

[0014] When R CR >R CR,0 and / or C EC ≤C EC,0 when alternative technologies are not feasible;

[0015] When R CR ≤R CR,0 , and C EC >C EC,0 When alternative technologies are available.

[0016] Furthermore, the R ER The calculation formula is:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, EP represents the comprehensive benefits of the life cycle environmental impact of refrigeration and air-conditioning products. ref The comprehensive benefits of the life cycle environmental impact of the baseline product before refrigerant replacement, EP new Comprehensive benefits of product life cycle environmental impact after applying refrigerant replacement technology;

[0019] The R CR The calculation formula is:

[0020]

[0021] Where, LCC SOC,ref Represents the life cycle cost of the benchmark product before refrigerant substitution; LCC SOC,new Represents the product life cycle cost after applying refrigerant replacement technology.

[0022] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the EP is:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, w ODP The weight factor representing the depletion effect of stratospheric ozone is determined according to the method specified in Appendix D Table D.6 of GB / T 33224-2016; GWP The weight factor representing the global warming effect is determined according to the method specified in Table D.6 of Appendix D of GB / T 33224-2016; E ODP It indicates the ozone depletion potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kgR11 e; E GWP Indicates the global warming potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg CO 2 e;TEP ODP It represents the normalized reference value of the stratospheric ozone depletion effect, using the total impact potential or per capita impact potential of the stratospheric ozone depletion effect in the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are located in the base year; TEP GWP It indicates the normalized benchmark value of global warming effect, using the total greenhouse gas emissions or per capita emissions of the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are located in the base year;

[0025] The EP new and EP ref Calculate according to the calculation formula of EP, and select the E corresponding to the refrigerant used before and after the refrigerant is replaced in the calculation formula. ODP and E GWP That's it.

[0026] Furthermore, the LCC SOC The calculation formula is:

[0027] LCC soc =(1+γ m )C o +nC ener +C env

[0028] In the formula, C O represents the initial investment of the product; γ m It represents the maintenance cost coefficient compared to the initial investment during the product life cycle, which is estimated by the product supplier based on the maintenance fee rate; C ener Indicates the annual energy operating cost of the product during its life cycle; C env It represents the social and environmental cost of the product during its life cycle; n represents the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years.

[0029] Furthermore, the C env Calculated as follows:

[0030] C env =E ODP γ ODP +E GWP γ GWP

[0031] In the formula, E ODP It indicates the ozone depletion potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg R11 e; E GWP Indicates the global warming potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg CO 2 e;γ ODP is the cost conversion factor for ozone layer depletion potential, in RMB / kg R11e, γ GWP is the global warming potential cost conversion factor, in RMB / kg CO 2 e.

[0032] Furthermore, the C ener Calculated as follows:

[0033]

[0034] Where n is the design service life of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product; E i EF is the annual consumption of the i-th category of energy for refrigeration and air-conditioning products; i The unit cost of energy for category i of refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0035] Furthermore, the E ODP The calculation formula is:

[0036] E ODP =m R ×ODP R

[0037] In the formula, m R The total refrigerant charge during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); ODP R is the stratospheric ozone depletion potential of the refrigerant;

[0038] The E GWP The calculation formula is:

[0039]

[0040] Where GWP R is the global warming potential of the refrigerant; CSTE is the power consumption of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the cooling season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); HSTE is the power consumption of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the heating season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); n is the life span of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in years; F E,i is the grid carbon emission factor in the i-th year of the product life cycle, in kg CO 2 e / (kW·h);

[0041] The m R The calculation formula is:

[0042] m R =m 0 ×[(1-α recovery )+L×n]

[0043] In the formula, m 0 is the product design charge volume, in kg; L is the annual leakage rate of refrigerant, in % / year; n is the life span of the refrigeration and air conditioning product, in years, α recovery For the refrigerant recovery / recycling factor, the industry average is selected.

[0044] Furthermore, the ODP R Refer to the data values ​​in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014; the GWP R The value is based on the data published in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014 or the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; the CSTE is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard. For heating-only products, CSTE=0; the HSTE is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard. For cooling-only products, HSTE=0; the F E,i The value is taken based on the data published by the China Product Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Coefficient Database.

[0045] Furthermore, the γ ODP The unit costs stated in the sectoral ODS phase-out management plan approved by the International Multilateral Fund are used.

[0046] Furthermore, when R CR ≤R CR,0 , and CEC >C EC,0 hour,

[0047] If R ER ≤R ER,0 , alternative technologies are feasible;

[0048] If R ER >R ER,0 , alternative technologies are feasible and are refrigerant alternative technologies that are given priority encouragement for promotion.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0050] This application proposes a cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products, which can calculate the environmental benefits and economic costs of different types of refrigeration and air-conditioning products and different ozone- and climate-friendly alternative refrigerant technologies in the refrigeration industry. From the perspectives of environmental and economic benefits, it provides relevant support for the refrigeration industry to make more environmentally friendly and economical choices in refrigerant substitution technologies, and scientifically promotes green refrigerant substitution and green design and manufacturing in the refrigeration industry, which is of great significance for leading the industry's energy-saving and environmentally friendly development, ensuring the industry's smooth transformation and transition, and breaking through existing technical bottlenecks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 The present application provides a cost-environmental benefit evaluation matrix for refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to the evaluation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail below:

[0053] A cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products, using the life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate R of the benchmark product after refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products compared with the baseline product before refrigerant substitution ER , the life cycle cost increase rate R of refrigeration and air conditioning products after refrigerant substitution compared with the baseline product before refrigerant substitution CR Cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient C of refrigerant replacement technology EC Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-environmental benefits of refrigerant replacement technologies for refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0054] C EC The calculation formula is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] R ER Calculate according to the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, EP represents the comprehensive benefits of the life cycle environmental impact of refrigeration and air-conditioning products. ref The comprehensive benefits of the life cycle environmental impact of the baseline product before refrigerant replacement, EP new To provide comprehensive benefits of product life cycle environmental impact after applying refrigerant replacement technology.

[0059] R CR Calculate according to the following formula:

[0060]

[0061] Where, LCC SOC,ref Represents the life cycle cost of the benchmark product before refrigerant substitution; LCC SOC,new Represents the product life cycle cost after applying refrigerant replacement technology.

[0062] 1. Comprehensive benefits of refrigeration and air-conditioning products during their life cycle (EP)

[0063] According to industry research results, the negative environmental impact of refrigeration and air-conditioning products mainly comes from the global warming effect caused by electricity consumption during their life cycle and the stratospheric ozone depletion effect and global warming effect caused by refrigerant emissions.

[0064] Therefore, the comprehensive benefits EP of the life cycle environmental impact of refrigeration and air-conditioning products are calculated according to the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, w ODP The weight factor representing the depletion effect of stratospheric ozone is determined according to the method specified in Appendix D Table D.6 of GB / T 33224-2016; GWP The weight factor representing the global warming effect is determined according to the method specified in Table D.6 of Appendix D of GB / T 33224-2016; E ODP It indicates the ozone depletion potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kgR11 e; E GWP Indicates the global warming potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg CO 2 e;TEP ODP It represents the normalized reference value of the stratospheric ozone depletion effect, using the total impact potential or per capita impact potential of the stratospheric ozone depletion effect in the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are located in the base year; TEP GWP It represents the normalized benchmark value of global warming effect, using the total greenhouse gas emissions or per capita emissions of the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are located in the base year.

[0067] Ozone depletion potential index E during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products ODP and the global warming potential index E during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products GWP Calculate according to the following formula:

[0068] E ODP =m R ×ODP R

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, m R The total refrigerant charge during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); ODP R is the stratospheric ozone depletion potential of the refrigerant, refer to the data in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014; GWP R is the global warming potential of the refrigerant, which is based on the data published in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014 or the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; CSTE is the power consumption of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the cooling season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h), estimated according to the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard. For heating-only products, CSTE=0; HSTE is the power consumption of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the heating season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h), estimated according to the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard. For cooling-only products, HSTE=0; n is the life of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years; F E,i is the grid carbon emission factor in the i-th year of the product life cycle, in kg CO 2 e / (kW·h), refer to the data published by China's product life cycle greenhouse gas emission coefficient database. With the continuous optimization of energy structure and the continuous increase in the proportion of renewable energy, F E,i The value is decreasing year by year.

[0071] Refrigerant charge volume m during the life cycle of refrigeration and air conditioning products R Calculate as follows:

[0072] m R =m 0 ×[(1-α recovery )+L×n]

[0073] In the formula, m 0 is the product design charge volume, in kg; L is the annual leakage rate of refrigerant, in % / year; n is the life span of the refrigeration and air conditioning product, in years, α recovery For the refrigerant recovery / recycling factor, the industry average is selected.

[0074] 2. Life cycle cost (LCC) of refrigeration and air conditioning products SOC

[0075] Life cycle cost (LCC) of refrigeration and air conditioning products SOC It includes the initial investment of the product, the product operation and maintenance costs, and the social and environmental costs during the product life cycle.

[0076] LCC SOC The calculation formula is:

[0077] LCC soc =(1+γ m )C o +nC ener +C env

[0078] In the formula, C O represents the initial investment of the product; γ m It represents the maintenance cost coefficient compared to the initial investment during the product life cycle, which is estimated by the product supplier based on the maintenance fee rate; C ener Indicates the annual energy operating cost of the product during its life cycle; C env It represents the social and environmental cost of the product during its life cycle; n represents the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years.

[0079] For refrigeration and air-conditioning products, the main environmental impacts during the product life cycle come from the stratospheric ozone depletion effect and global warming effect caused by product power consumption and refrigerant emissions. Therefore, the social environmental cost mainly considers the environmental costs caused by the above two environmental impact categories. The social environmental cost C during the product life cycle is env The calculation formula is:

[0080] C env =E ODP γ ODP +E GWP γ GWP

[0081] In the formula, E ODP It indicates the ozone depletion potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg R11 e; E GWP Indicates the global warming potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg CO 2 e;γ ODP is the cost conversion factor for ozone depletion potential, in RMB / kg R11e, using the unit cost in the industry ozone depletion substance (ODS) phase-out management plan approved by the International Multilateral Fund; γ GWP is the global warming potential cost conversion factor, in RMB / kg CO2 e. Adopt a carbon tax.

[0082] Annual energy operating cost of the product during its life cycle C ener The unit cost of different types of energy can be multiplied by their consumption. Specifically, the calculation formula is:

[0083]

[0084] Where n is the design service life of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product; E i EF is the annual consumption of the i-th category of energy for refrigeration and air-conditioning products; i is the unit energy cost of category i of refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0085] 3. Evaluation

[0086] For the application of refrigerant replacement technology for refrigeration and air-conditioning products, there is an acceptable life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate R ER , life cycle cost increase rate R CR and cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient C EC , you can use Figure 1 The cost-environmental benefit evaluation matrix for refrigeration and air-conditioning products shown is used to effectively evaluate the acceptability of refrigerant replacement technologies.

[0087] See also Figure 1 , after refrigeration and air conditioning products adopt refrigerant substitution technology, compared with the baseline products before refrigerant substitution:

[0088] 1) When R ER When ≤0, the alternative technology is not feasible, specifically:

[0089] (1) If the life cycle cost increase rate R CR > 0, life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate R ER ≤0, that is, after the refrigeration and air-conditioning products adopt refrigerant substitution technology, the cost increases and the level of environmental impact increases compared with the baseline products before refrigerant substitution, and it is in the fourth quadrant of the evaluation matrix. In this case, the refrigerant substitution technology is unacceptable from both economic and environmental perspectives, and the substitution technology is not feasible.

[0090] (2) If the life cycle cost increase rate R CR ≤0, life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate R ER ≤0, that is, after the refrigeration and air-conditioning products adopt refrigerant substitution technology, the cost is reduced but the environmental impact level is increased compared with the benchmark products before refrigerant substitution. It is in the third quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The refrigerant substitution technology is acceptable from the economic level but unacceptable from the environmental level, and the substitution technology is not feasible.

[0091] 2) When RER >0, and R CR When ≤0, alternative technologies are feasible, specifically:

[0092] If the life cycle cost increase rate R CR ≤0, life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate R ER >0, that is, after the refrigeration and air-conditioning products adopt refrigerant substitution technology, the cost is reduced and the environmental impact level is reduced compared with the benchmark products before refrigerant substitution, and it is in the second quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The refrigerant substitution technology is acceptable from the economic and environmental aspects, and the substitution technology is feasible.

[0093] 3) When R CR >0, R ER When it is greater than 0, it means that after the refrigeration and air-conditioning products adopt the refrigerant replacement technology, the cost increases but the environmental impact level decreases compared with the baseline product before the refrigerant replacement. It is in the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix, and most of the refrigerant replacement technologies are in this area. Introducing the cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient C EC Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-environmental benefits of refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

[0094] For the application of refrigerant replacement technology, there is generally an acceptable life cycle cost increase rate R CR,0 , life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate R ER,0 and cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient C EC,0 Therefore, the evaluation of alternative technologies in this area also includes multiple scenarios:

[0095] (1) Scenario 1: R CR >R CR,0 , C EC ≤C EC,0 , which is in the I-1 area of ​​the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of refrigerant replacement technology in this area requires additional investment of a large cost, but the comprehensive cost-environmental benefits are relatively small. The environmental benefits obtained under the condition of higher investment are not good. Therefore, the refrigerant replacement technology is unacceptable from both the economic and environmental aspects, and the replacement technology is not feasible.

[0096] (2) Scenario 2: R CR >R CR,0 , C EC >C EC,0, which is in the Ⅰ-2 area of ​​the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of refrigerant replacement technology in this area requires additional investment of a large cost, but the cost-environmental comprehensive benefits are relatively good. In this case, the refrigerant replacement technology is unacceptable from an economic perspective, but acceptable from an environmental perspective, and the replacement technology has certain application prospects. After reducing the replacement cost through means such as technology iteration, it can enter the Ⅰ-5 area of ​​the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix.

[0097] (3) Scenario 3: R CR ≤R CR,0 , C EC ≤C EC,0 , which is in the I-3 area of ​​the first quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of refrigerant replacement technology in this area does not require additional cost or the additional cost is acceptable, but the cost-environmental comprehensive benefit is relatively small, and the environmental benefits obtained under the corresponding cost are not good. In this case, the refrigerant replacement technology is acceptable from an economic perspective, but unacceptable from an environmental perspective, and the replacement technology is not feasible.

[0098] (4) Scenario 4: R CR ≤R CR,0 , C EC >C EC,0 But R ER ≤R ER,0 , which is in the Ⅰ-4 area of ​​the Ⅰ quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of refrigerant replacement technology in this area does not require additional cost or the additional cost is acceptable, and the environmental benefits obtained under the corresponding cost are acceptable, but the environmental benefits do not reach the expected value. From the perspective of comprehensive benefit evaluation, the replacement technology is feasible.

[0099] (5) Scenario 5: R CR ≤R CR,0 , C EC >C EC,0 And R ER >R ER,0 , which is in the Ⅰ-5 area of ​​the Ⅰ quadrant of the evaluation matrix. The application of refrigerant replacement technologies in this area does not require additional costs or the additional costs required are acceptable. With the corresponding costs, good environmental benefits can be achieved and are acceptable. They are priority replacement technologies to be encouraged and promoted.

[0100] The above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention; the above-mentioned references are only used to supplement the prior art, but not to limit the present invention; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned implementation modes, those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products, characterized in that: Definition: The life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate of refrigeration and air-conditioning products after refrigerant substitution compared with the baseline product before refrigerant substitution is R ER , define the life cycle cost increase rate of refrigeration and air conditioning products after refrigerant substitution compared with the baseline product before refrigerant substitution as R CR ,but: When R ER When ≤0, the alternative technology is not feasible; When R ER >0, and R CR When ≤0, alternative technology is feasible; When R CR >0, R ER When >0, use the cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient C EC Comprehensive evaluation of the cost-environmental benefits of refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products. EC The calculation formula is: The acceptable life cycle cost increase rate is defined as R CR,0 The acceptable life cycle comprehensive environmental benefit reduction rate is defined as R ER,0 , the acceptable cost-environmental benefit evaluation coefficient is defined as C EC,0 ,but: When R CR >R CR,0 and / or C EC ≤C EC,0 when alternative technologies are not feasible; When R CR ≤R CR,0 , and C EC >C EC,0 When alternative technologies are available.

2. The cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The R ER The calculation formula is: In the formula, EP represents the comprehensive benefits of the life cycle environmental impact of refrigeration and air-conditioning products. ref The comprehensive benefits of the life cycle environmental impact of the baseline product before refrigerant replacement, EP new Comprehensive benefits of product life cycle environmental impact after applying refrigerant replacement technology; The R CR The calculation formula is: Where, LCC SOC,ref Represents the life cycle cost of the benchmark product before refrigerant substitution; LCC SOC,new Represents the product life cycle cost after applying refrigerant replacement technology.

3. The cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of EP is: In the formula, w ODP The weight factor representing the depletion effect of stratospheric ozone is determined according to the method specified in Appendix D Table D.6 of GB / T 33224-2016; GWP The weight factor representing the global warming effect is determined according to the method specified in Table D.6 of Appendix D of GB / T 33224-2016; E ODP It indicates the ozone depletion potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg R11e; E GWP Represents the global warming potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg CO2 e; TEP ODP It indicates the normalized reference value of the stratospheric ozone depletion effect, using the total impact potential or per capita impact potential of the stratospheric ozone depletion effect in the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning product is located in the base year; TEP GWP It indicates the normalized benchmark value of global warming effect, using the total greenhouse gas emissions or per capita emissions of the country (or region) where the refrigeration and air-conditioning products are located in the base year; The EP new and EP ref Calculate according to the calculation formula of EP, and select the E corresponding to the refrigerant used before and after the refrigerant is replaced in the calculation formula. ODP and E GWP .

4. The cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 2, characterized in that: The LCC SOC The calculation formula is: LCC soc =(1+γ m )C o +nC ener +C env In the formula, C O represents the initial investment of the product; γ m It represents the maintenance cost coefficient compared to the initial investment during the product life cycle, which is estimated by the product supplier based on the maintenance fee rate; C ener Indicates the annual energy operating cost of the product during its life cycle; C env It represents the social and environmental cost of the product during its life cycle; n represents the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in years.

5. The cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 4, characterized in that: The C env Calculated as follows: C env =E ODP c ODP +E GWP c GWP In the formula, E ODP It indicates the ozone depletion potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg R11 e; E GWP Represents the global warming potential index during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kg CO2 e; γ ODP is the cost conversion factor for ozone layer depletion potential, in RMB / kg R11e, γ GWP is the global warming potential cost conversion factor, with the unit being yuan / kgCO2e.

6. The cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 4, characterized in that: The C ener Calculated as follows: Where n is the design service life of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product; E i EF is the annual consumption of the i-th category of energy for refrigeration and air-conditioning products; i is the unit energy cost of category i of refrigeration and air-conditioning products.

7. A cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The E ODP The calculation formula is: HAVE BEEN ODP =m R ×ODP R In the formula, m R The total refrigerant charge during the life cycle of refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in kilograms (kg); ODP R is the stratospheric ozone depletion potential of the refrigerant; The E GWP The calculation formula is: Where GWP R is the global warming potential of the refrigerant; CSTE is the power consumption of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the cooling season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); HSTE is the power consumption of refrigeration and air-conditioning products in the heating season, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h); n is the life span of the refrigeration and air-conditioning products, in years; F E,i is the grid carbon emission factor in the i-th year of the life cycle of the refrigeration and air-conditioning product, in kg CO2e / (kW·h); The m R The calculation formula is: m R =m0×[(1-a recovery )+L×n] Where m0 is the designed charge of the product, in kg; L is the annual leakage rate of the refrigerant, in % / year; n is the life of the refrigeration and air conditioning product, in years, and α recovery For the refrigerant recovery / recycling factor, the industry average is selected.

8. The cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ODP R Refer to the data values ​​in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014; the GWP R The value is based on the data published in Appendix B of GB / T 9237-2017 or Appendix B of ISO 5149-1:2014 or the latest assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; the CSTE is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard. For heating-only products, CSTE=0; the HSTE is estimated based on the annual energy consumption calculation method specified in the product standard. For cooling-only products, HSTE=0; the F E,i The value is taken based on the data published by the China Product Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Coefficient Database.

9. The cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gamma ODP The unit cost of the sectoral ozone depleting substances (ODS) phase-out management plan approved by the International Multilateral Fund is adopted.

10. The cost-environmental benefit evaluation method for refrigerant substitution in refrigeration and air-conditioning products according to claim 1, characterized in that: When R CR ≤R CR,0 , and C EC >C EC,0 hour, If R ER ≤R ER,0 , alternative technologies are feasible; If R ER >R ER,0 , alternative technologies are feasible and are refrigerant alternative technologies that are given priority encouragement for promotion.

Images