Longitudinal heterogeneity stratum simulation physical model and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a longitudinal heterogeneity stratum simulation physical model and a preparation method thereof. The physical model is prepared from a ground layer prepared from a homogeneous simulation material and a metal foil material, and the metal foil is embedded in the ground layer. According to the preparation method of the physical model provided by the invention, the metal foil is prevented from wrinkling and deforming due to the influence of curing heat release, and the seismic response to the longitudinal heterogeneous stratum of the continental facies shale development thin interlayer is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and more particularly to a physical model for simulating a vertically heterogeneous stratum and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Vertical heterogeneity is common in most continental deposits, but previous studies have focused more on the heterogeneity characteristics at the reservoir scale. With the continuous breakthroughs in the exploration and development of continental shale, it has been found that its widely developed thin interlayers are the key factor in the generation of vertical heterogeneity. The widespread development of thin interlayers is of great significance for the prediction of geological sweet spots and engineering sweet spots, because continental shale with a certain degree of thin interlayers is the main favorable lithofacies, but from an engineering perspective, shale sections rich in thin interlayers will produce a stress blocking effect, resulting in difficulties in the initiation and extension of cracks during hydraulic fracturing. Therefore, research on the seismic response characteristics caused by thin interlayers is of great significance for the prediction of continental shale sweet spots.

[0003] Earthquake physical simulation is a method of scaling down field geological structures and geological bodies in the laboratory to make geological models, and using ultrasound and other methods to simulate seismic waves to perform forward simulation of field seismic exploration. In the 1950s, with the development of ultrasonic technology, earthquake simulation experimental systems began to be established. The United States and the Soviet Union successfully conducted earthquake experiments using ultrasonic technology, and then my country gradually established its own earthquake simulation laboratories. With the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration and development, the exploration objects and development environments are becoming more and more complex, the exploration difficulty is increasing, and the requirements for the refinement of exploration results are becoming higher and higher, which means that there are also higher requirements for the physical model preparation process.

[0004] Continental shale is a vertically heterogeneous stratum with thin interlayers. The main body of the simulation material includes two parts: shale reservoir and thin interlayer. The target model is reduced to a scale of only a dozen to dozens of microns at a ratio of 1:10000, so the simulation material of the thin interlayer is also required to be a thin layer of micron thickness. The simulation materials that can meet this scale include copper foil, aluminum foil, etc., and the above materials are very susceptible to the influence of curing heat release during the model making process, resulting in wrinkle deformation, thereby reducing the accuracy of the research results. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a physical model for simulating vertical heterogeneous formations and a preparation method thereof. The present invention embeds metal foil in epoxy resin to simulate vertical heterogeneous formations. The preparation method of the physical model provided by the present invention avoids the metal foil from being affected by curing heat and causing wrinkling and deformation, and improves the seismic response of the vertical heterogeneous formation with thin interlayers of continental shale.

[0006] Firstly, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a physical model for simulating vertically heterogeneous formations.

[0007] Specifically, the physical model is made of a stratum made of a homogeneous simulation material and a metal foil material, wherein the metal foil is embedded in the stratum.

[0008] Furthermore, the homogeneous simulation material comprises the following components, each component being calculated in parts by weight:

[0009] 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin;

[0010] 40 to 60 parts by weight of curing agent.

[0011] Preferably, the components are calculated by weight:

[0012] 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin;

[0013] 45-55 parts by weight of curing agent.

[0014] Preferably, the epoxy resin is a bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin; wherein the bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin has an epoxy equivalent of 184 to 195 g / mol; and a viscosity of 10000 to 16000 mPas (25° C.).

[0015] Preferably, the epoxy curing agent is one of R-2269 curing agent and R-2216 curing agent; R-2269 curing agent and R-2216 curing agent can be commercially available products.

[0016] Preferably, the metal foil material is one of silver, copper, titanium, tin, gold, zinc and aluminum.

[0017] Secondly, the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a physical model for simulating a vertically heterogeneous formation, which is one of the objects of the present invention.

[0018] Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent, remove bubbles in the fluid, and obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0020] Step 2: pouring a first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, and pouring a second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies; embedding a metal foil material on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material, and pouring a third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the homogeneous simulation material after the second layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies.

[0021] Step 3: After the homogeneous simulation material is completely solidified, the mold is removed to obtain a physical model.

[0022] More specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: After the mold is made, apply a layer of vulcanized silicone rubber coating inside the mold. After the coating is cured, place the mold in a dry and ventilated place for use; mix the epoxy resin and curing agent, stir evenly, remove bubbles in the fluid, and obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0024] Step 2: pour the first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, and then pour the second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies; embed the metal foil material on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material, and pour the third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the metal foil after the second layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies.

[0025] Step 3: After the homogeneous simulation material is completely solidified, the mold is removed to obtain a physical model.

[0026] Preferably, in step 1, the epoxy resin needs to be preheated at 40-50° C. for more than 1 hour. The preheated epoxy resin has better fluidity.

[0027] Preferably, the thickness of the metal foil material is 0.01 to 0.2 mm, preferably 0.05 to 0.1 mm.

[0028] Preferably, in step 2, the pouring thickness of the first layer of homogeneous simulation material is 20-30 mm.

[0029] Preferably, in step 2, the pouring thickness of the second layer of homogeneous simulation material is 1 to 2 mm.

[0030] Preferably, in step 2, the pouring thickness of the third layer of homogeneous simulation material is 20-30 mm.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention uses epoxy resin to simulate shale reservoirs, uses metal foil to simulate thin interlayers developed in shale, and evenly embeds metal foil in the epoxy resin to simulate longitudinal heterogeneous strata. The layered casting process is used to avoid wrinkling and deformation of the thin interlayers due to the heat release during curing, laying a foundation for the study of seismic response characteristics of longitudinal heterogeneous strata with thin interlayers developed in continental shale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a seismic profile diagram of the physical model prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is necessary to point out that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made to the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the content of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials are all from commercially available products, among which:

[0036] Bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin, brand E51, purchased from Nantong Xingchen Synthetic Materials Co., Ltd.;

[0037] The epoxy resin curing agent was R-2269, purchased from Rich Chemical (Hubei) Co., Ltd.;

[0038] The vulcanized silicone rubber, brand 107, was purchased from Shandong Bogang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0041] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 50° C. oven for 1 hour and then set aside.

[0042] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 50 parts by weight of R-2269 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -99 kPa for 10 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0043] Step 2: Pour 20mm of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, remove the mold after the mixed liquid solidifies, and obtain the epoxy resin board for use. Apply 1mm of homogeneous simulation material on one surface of the copper sheet, then cover the prepared epoxy resin board on the surface of the copper sheet coated with the homogeneous simulation material, and then treat the other surface of the copper sheet in the same way.

[0044] The copper sheet needs to be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.1mm.

[0045] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. The homogeneous simulation material to be applied is completely cured to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0046] Comparative Example 2

[0047] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0048] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 50° C. oven for 1 hour and then set aside.

[0049] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 50 parts by weight of R-2269 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -99 kPa for 10 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0050] Step 2: Pour 40mm thick homogeneous simulation material into the mold. Use tweezers to place the copper sheet flatly at the middle height of the homogeneous simulation material.

[0051] The copper sheet needs to be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.1mm.

[0052] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. After it is completely cured, the mold can be removed to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0055] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 50° C. oven for 1 hour and then set aside.

[0056] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 50 parts by weight of R-2269 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -99 kPa for 10 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0057] Step 2: Pour a 20mm first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, pour a 1mm second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, and spread a copper sheet on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material. After the second layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, pour a 20mm third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the copper sheet so that the copper sheet is flatly embedded in the homogeneous simulation material.

[0058] The copper sheet needs to be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.1mm.

[0059] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. After complete curing, remove the mold to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0060] The seismic profile of the physical model prepared in this embodiment is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0063] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 40° C. oven for 1.5 hours and then set aside.

[0064] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 40 parts by weight of R-2269 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -97 kPa for 15 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0065] Step 2: Pour a 30mm first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, pour a 2mm second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, and spread a zinc sheet on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material. After the second layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, pour a 30mm third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the zinc sheet so that the zinc sheet is flatly embedded in the homogeneous simulation material.

[0066] The zinc sheet needs to be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.2mm.

[0067] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. After complete curing, remove the mold to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0070] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 45° C. oven for 1 hour and then set aside.

[0071] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 60 parts by weight of R-2269 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -99 kPa for 15 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0072] Step 2: Pour a 25mm first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, pour a 1.5mm second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, and spread a tin sheet on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material. After the second layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, pour a 25mm third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the tin sheet, so that the tin sheet is flatly embedded in the homogeneous simulation material.

[0073] The tin sheet needs to be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.1mm.

[0074] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. After complete curing, remove the mold to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0077] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 50° C. oven for 1 hour and then set aside.

[0078] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 45 parts by weight of R-2269 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -97 kPa for 15 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0079] Step 2: Pour a 20mm first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, pour a 1mm second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, and spread aluminum sheets on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material. After the second layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, pour a 20mm third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the aluminum sheet so that the aluminum sheet is flatly embedded in the homogeneous simulation material.

[0080] The aluminum sheet needs to be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.1mm.

[0081] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. After complete curing, remove the mold to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0084] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 50° C. oven for 1 hour and then set aside.

[0085] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 50 parts by weight of R-2269 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -99 kPa for 15 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0086] Step 2: Pour a 20mm first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, pour a 1mm second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, and spread gold flakes on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material. After the second layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, pour a 20mm third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the gold flakes so that the gold flakes are evenly embedded in the homogeneous simulation material.

[0087] The gold flakes must be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.05mm.

[0088] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. After complete curing, remove the mold to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0089] Example 6

[0090] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0091] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 50° C. oven for 1 hour and then set aside.

[0092] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 50 parts by weight of R-2269 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -99 kPa for 10 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0093] Step 2: Pour a 30mm first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, pour a 2mm second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material is solidified, and spread the silver sheet on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material. After the second layer of homogeneous simulation material is solidified, pour a 30mm third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the silver sheet so that the silver sheet is flatly embedded in the homogeneous simulation material.

[0094] The silver sheets need to be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.2mm.

[0095] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. After complete curing, remove the mold to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0096] Example 7

[0097] Step 1: Prepare a 20*60cm square mold with wood material. After making it, apply a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber material on the inner surface of the mold as a release coating. After the coating is cured, place the treated mold in a dry and ventilated place for standby use.

[0098] First, preheat bisphenol A liquid epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent of 184-195 g / mol; viscosity of 10000-16000 mPas) in a 50° C. oven for 1 hour and then set aside.

[0099] 100 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 55 parts by weight of R-2216 curing agent were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the mixed solution was placed under a vacuum condition of -97 kPa for 15 minutes to remove bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain a homogeneous simulation material.

[0100] Step 2: Pour a 25mm first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, pour a 1mm second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, and spread a titanium sheet on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material. After the second layer of homogeneous simulation material solidifies, pour a 25mm third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the titanium sheet so that the titanium sheet is flatly embedded in the homogeneous simulation material.

[0101] The titanium sheet needs to be pre-cut into thin sheets with a side length of 40*50mm and pressed flat with a thickness of 0.1mm.

[0102] Step 3: Place the model on a flat surface to wait for curing. After complete curing, remove the mold to obtain a physical model. The curing time is related to the room temperature and the size of the model.

[0103] The physical models made in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were subjected to state monitoring, and the states of the metal foils therein are as described in Table 1.

[0104] Table 1:

[0105] Serial number Sandwich material Experimental Results Comparative Example 1 copper Liquid epoxy overflows from the edge of the model, and bubbles form at the interface between the interlayer foil and epoxy Comparative Example 2 copper The interlayer foil curls and deforms due to the heat release of epoxy curing Example 1 copper The interlayer foil is flat and wrinkle-free, and there are no bubbles inside the model. Example 2 Zinc The interlayer foil is flat and wrinkle-free, and there are no bubbles inside the model. Example 3 tin The interlayer foil is flat and wrinkle-free, and there are no bubbles inside the model. Example 4 aluminum The interlayer foil is flat and wrinkle-free, and there are no bubbles inside the model. Example 5 gold The interlayer foil is flat and wrinkle-free, and there are no bubbles inside the model. Example 6 silver The interlayer foil is flat and wrinkle-free, and there are no bubbles inside the model. Example 7 titanium The interlayer foil is flat and wrinkle-free, and there are no bubbles inside the model.

[0106] As shown in Table 1, when the method of Comparative Example 1 is used, bubbles are easily introduced on the surface of the metal sheet during operation, and the liquid epoxy mixture is easy to overflow from the edge of the epoxy resin plate. When the metal sheet is embedded in the preset position with tweezers, the thin sheet is easily wrinkled and bent. In addition, the liquid epoxy mixture above and below the thin sheet releases a lot of heat during the curing process, and the released heat will also cause the metal sheet to curl and deform due to heat. Therefore, the physical models prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 cannot meet the application requirements.

[0107] From Table 1 and Figure 1 It can be seen that the method of Examples 1 to 7, that is, first pouring the liquid epoxy mixture of the required thickness, pouring 1 to 2 mm epoxy mixture after it is completely cured, and then flatly attaching the metal sheet to the surface of the epoxy mixture, can fix the metal sheet in a certain position by virtue of the adhesiveness of the epoxy before curing, and on the other hand, the thin layer of epoxy mixture releases less heat during the curing process, which will not cause the metal sheet to deform due to heat. Therefore, the metal foil in the physical model obtained by the method of Examples 1 to 7 is flat and wrinkle-free, and there are no bubbles inside the model, which meets the application requirements.

[0108] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A physical model for simulating vertically heterogeneous formations, characterized in that: The model is made of a material including a formation made of a homogeneous simulation material and a metal foil, wherein the metal foil is embedded in the formation.

2. The vertical heterogeneous formation simulation physical model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The homogeneous simulation material is prepared from raw materials including the following components, each component being calculated by weight: 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 40-60 parts by weight of curing agent.

3. The vertical heterogeneous formation simulation physical model according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The components are calculated by weight: 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin; 45-55 parts by weight of curing agent.

4. The vertical heterogeneous formation simulation physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The epoxy resin is bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin.

5. The vertical heterogeneous formation simulation physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing agent is one of R-2269 curing agent and R-2216 curing agent.

6. The vertical heterogeneous formation simulation physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal foil material is one of silver, copper, titanium, tin, gold, zinc and aluminum.

7. A method for preparing a physical model for simulating a vertically heterogeneous formation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent, remove bubbles in the fluid, and obtain a homogeneous simulation material; Step 2: pouring a first layer of homogeneous simulation material into the mold, and pouring a second layer of homogeneous simulation material after the first layer of homogeneous simulation material is solidified; spreading a metal foil material on the surface of the liquid second layer of homogeneous simulation material, and pouring a third layer of homogeneous simulation material on the surface of the metal foil after the second layer of homogeneous simulation material is solidified, so that the metal foil is embedded in the homogeneous material; Step 3: After the homogeneous simulation material is completely solidified, the mold is removed to obtain a physical model.

8. The method for preparing a physical model for simulating a vertically heterogeneous formation according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 1, the epoxy resin needs to be preheated first; Preferably, the preheating method is: preheating the epoxy resin at 40-50° C. for more than 1 hour.

9. The method for preparing a physical model for simulating a vertically heterogeneous formation according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 2, the thickness of the metal foil material is 0.01-0.2 mm, preferably 0.05-0.1 mm.

10. The method for preparing a physical model for simulating a vertically heterogeneous formation according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 2, The pouring thickness of the first layer of homogeneous simulation material is 20 to 30 mm; and / or, The casting thickness of the second layer of homogeneous simulation material is 1 to 2 mm; and / or, The pouring thickness of the third layer of homogeneous simulation material is 20-30 mm.

Images