Carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device which comprises an adsorption tower, an adsorption column is arranged in the adsorption tower, the adsorption column is filled with a solid amine adsorbent, and a filter sieve plate is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption column; a heating interlayer and a cooling interlayer are annularly arranged between the adsorption column and the tower wall of the adsorption tower in sequence from inside to outside; a gas outlet is formed in the top of the adsorption tower, a gas inlet is formed in the bottom of the adsorption tower, and a flange outlet is further formed in the bottom of the adsorption tower; an adsorbent feeding hole is formed in the upper part of the side wall of the adsorption tower, and an adsorbent discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the side wall; a CO2 detector is also arranged in the adsorption tower and close to the gas outlet; and filter screens are arranged at the gas outlet and the gas inlet. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses a carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system and method. The carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device is simple in structure and small in occupied area; according to the invention, continuous cyclic adsorption and desorption can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, and in particular relates to a carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, system and method. Background Art

[0002] It is well known that CO2 gas, as a greenhouse gas, will bring serious greenhouse effect to the earth's climate environment on which people depend for survival. This effect is showing its adverse consequences, such as rising sea levels caused by melting glaciers, global warming, extreme natural disasters, etc. Since the industrial revolution of mankind, endless industrial activities have greatly changed the development of human civilization and life experience. For example, the large-scale application of petrochemical raw materials has promoted the rapid development of industry, transportation industry, construction industry, chemical industry, steel industry, etc., and has produced a large amount of greenhouse gases while providing humans with a convenient, fast and comfortable lifestyle, of which CO2 accounts for more than 80%. At the same time, the expansion of human activities has greatly compressed the area of ​​green vegetation such as forests and grasslands, and gradually weakened the ability of nature to use photosynthesis to achieve carbon cycle.

[0003] All those who are involved in greenhouse gas emissions, especially CO2 emissions, will re-emphasize the behavior of CO2 gas in terms of emission, collection, and utilization. This change has brought good development opportunities and a broad market for CO2 gas absorption and utilization technology. First of all, the original and existing emitters will pay attention to the absorption and utilization of CO2 gas, and this link will also be included in the evaluation and monitoring of relevant economic activities in the future. The booming demand and the vast emerging market have brought about a variety of technologies, such as adjusting the energy structure, reducing the proportion of petrochemical energy consumption, and increasing the proportion of renewable energy consumption such as photovoltaic, wind power, hydropower, and nuclear power. For example, vigorously developing new energy vehicles to alleviate emissions in the transportation field, such as vigorously developing green energy-saving materials to reduce emissions in the construction industry, etc. These are all measures or technologies that do not emit CO2 from the source. Faced with the cumulative emissions of CO2 in the atmosphere and some industries and markets that cannot achieve zero emissions for the time being, people have proposed a CCUS (carbon capture, utilization and storage) technology as a bottom line to try to solve and control the problem of CO2 stock and increment.

[0004] There are many existing technical routes for absorbing CO2 gas, which can be roughly divided into several major technical routes such as chemical absorption, membrane separation, adsorption, chemical chain, etc. Among them, the solid filler adsorption method of chemically grafted organic amine has huge room for future development due to its simple operation, high adsorption accuracy, and non-corrosive equipment. In order to improve the use efficiency of adsorbents, the adsorbent is usually used in a moving bed mode. The adsorbent is adsorbed in the adsorption tower and transferred to the regeneration tower for regeneration after adsorption saturation. During the process, the adsorbent is constantly moving, the adsorbent loss is serious, and the actual scale is also limited; Chinese patent CN112169538A discloses a rapid temperature-swing adsorption wheel type carbon dioxide capture system and method, which divides the disc wheel into three areas: absorption zone, regeneration zone, and buffer zone. The electrode is used to drive the wheel to rotate to achieve continuous adsorption, which solves the wear problem caused by the movement of the adsorbent, but the actual adsorption capacity is affected by the manufacturing process of the wheel, and the large-scale industrialization scale is limited. Chinese patent CN 205832893U relates to a device for removing CO2 from flue gas using amine solid adsorbents, including a reactor, a water saturator, a gas-solid separator, a cooler, a vacuum pump, and a water washing tank. However, the gas treated by this device still needs to be separated by a gas-solid separator, and the gas after desorption needs to be washed with a water washing tower to remove the amine gas, which increases the cost. CN 113694688 A discloses a device and method for solid amine absorption, capture and desorption of CO2, which includes a collector, a desorber, and a cooler. Although it can be produced continuously, it is difficult to implement large-scale use because its device structure is too complicated. If there is a problem with the device used, the maintenance cost is particularly high.

[0005] The solid adsorbent absorption methods in existing public technical inventions are difficult to achieve large-scale production, especially for capturing CO2 in the air, where the air volume is huge. There is an urgent need for a new technology and equipment to promote the industrialization of solid adsorbents and their use processes. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, system and method. The device has a simple structure, good CO2 selective absorption capacity and low regeneration energy consumption.

[0007] A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device comprises an adsorption tower, wherein an adsorption column is arranged in the adsorption tower, wherein the adsorption column is filled with a solid amine adsorbent, and a filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption column to prevent the resin from leaking to the lower air inlet; a heating interlayer and a cooling interlayer are arranged in an annular manner from the inside to the outside between the adsorption column and the tower wall of the adsorption tower, respectively heating and cooling the adsorption column; a gas outlet is arranged at the top of the adsorption tower, a gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the tower, and a flange outlet is also arranged at the bottom of the adsorption tower, which is used to discharge the residual water in the adsorbent after filling the adsorbent; the adsorption tower An adsorbent feed port is arranged on the upper part of the side wall, and an adsorbent discharge port is arranged on the bottom of the side wall, which are used to fill and discharge the adsorbent; a CO2 detector is also arranged near the gas outlet in the adsorption tower to detect the CO2 concentration therein in real time; filter screens are arranged at the gas outlet and the gas inlet, and the filter screen arranged at the gas inlet filters impurities in the gas to prevent impurities from entering the adsorption column and is cleaned regularly, which greatly saves the investment in the gas-solid separator; the filter screen arranged at the gas outlet can prevent the adsorbent from being brought into the pipeline, prevent the resin from entering the next process, and ensure the purity of the gas after adsorption and purification.

[0008] Preferably, the inner diameter of the adsorption column is 1-5 m, and the diameter-to-height ratio of the adsorption column is 1:5-1:20.

[0009] Preferably, the filter screen is made of 304 material or 316 material, and the pore size of the filter screen is 0.03-0.3 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the solid amine adsorbent includes but is not limited to aminated materials formed by chemical grafting modification or physical impregnation of porous materials; the porous materials include but are not limited to zeolites, metal organic framework compounds MOFs, organic covalent framework compounds COFs, porous organic polymers, porous carbon or porous silicon; Preferably, the solid amine adsorbent is an aminated material formed by chemically grafting and modifying a porous material; More preferably, the solid amine adsorbent is SEPLITE CT series product of Xi'an Lanxiao Technology New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0011] Preferably, the heating interlayer is heated by electricity or natural gas.

[0012] Preferably, the cooling interlayer is filled with a cooling medium; more preferably, the cooling medium is cooling water, and the cooling interlayer can quickly cool the adsorbent after desorption.

[0013] Preferably, adsorption tower fixing components are provided on both sides of the adsorption tower for fixing the adsorption tower.

[0014] A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system comprises three working sections, namely an adsorption zone, a desorption zone and a buffer zone; each working section contains at least one carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device; each working section is connected in parallel, and the top of the device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline, and the bottom of the device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through a CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas inlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas inlet branch pipeline, and valves are provided on all pipelines.

[0015] Preferably, the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system further comprises a working section, which is a cooling zone. Generally, the desorption temperature is relatively high, and in order to save the desorption time, a cooling zone is provided to save the cooling time after desorption.

[0016] Preferably, each working section contains one of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices, and the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section are connected in parallel, and the gas outlets of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section are connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and are also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through a CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas main pipeline through a regenerated gas branch pipeline, and valves are provided on all pipelines.

[0017] Preferably, each working section contains at least two of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices connected in series or in parallel; when connected in series, the gas outlet of the last carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the first carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; when connected in parallel, the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; valves are provided on all pipelines.

[0018] A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption method is carried out using the above carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system, specifically as follows: (1) Remove dust from CO2 gas source; (2) Adsorption: By controlling the valves on each pipeline, the working section of the adsorption zone enters the adsorption state; the adsorption state is specifically as follows: the dust-removed CO2 gas source is introduced from the bottom of the working section through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and enters the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device of the working section, where it is adsorbed at the working temperature of the solid amine adsorbent. After adsorption, the CO2 content is detected by the CO2 detector and discharged from the top of the working section to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline; at this time, the two working sections of the desorption zone and the buffer zone are in a waiting state; (3) Switching: Through the detection of CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation, and the valve is switched to make the adsorption zone that has completed adsorption enter the desorption state, the buffer zone that is in the waiting state enter the adsorption state, and the desorption zone enter the buffer state; the desorption state is specifically as follows: the regeneration gas is introduced from the bottom of the working section through the regeneration gas inlet main pipeline and the regeneration gas inlet branch pipeline, and enters the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device of the working section, and desorption and regeneration are carried out at the desorption temperature of the solid amine adsorbent therein, and after desorption, it is discharged from the top of the working section through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline; the buffer state is the waiting state; (4) Cycle switching: Through the CO2 detector detection, the state is switched after adsorption saturation, and the valve is switched to make the working section that has completed adsorption enter the desorption state, the working section that has completed desorption enter the buffer state, and the working section that was originally in the buffer state enter the adsorption state; each working section is continuously switched between adsorption, desorption, and buffering.

[0019] Preferably, the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system further comprises a working section, which is a cooling zone; when the cycle switching is performed in step (4), the working section that has completed desorption must first be switched into a cooling state, and the working section that has completed cooling enters a buffering state, so that each working section is continuously switched to a cycle of adsorption, desorption, cooling, and buffering.

[0020] Preferably, the CO2 gas source includes but is not limited to the atmosphere with a CO2 content of 400-450 ppm, power plant flue gas with a CO2 content of >10%, incineration waste gas with a CO2 content of >60%, or chemical plant exhaust gas with a CO2 content of >90%.

[0021] Preferably, the adsorption velocity or flow rate of the solid amine adsorbent is 1-100 BV / h, the working temperature of the solid amine adsorbent is 10-50°C, the desorption temperature is 80-120°C, the desorption time is 30-120 min, and the regeneration gas used for desorption is water vapor.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention: (1) The carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device provided by the present invention can realize single-tower adsorption and desorption, and the device has a simple structure and occupies a small area. After the CO2-containing gas enters the tower and enters from the bottom and exits from the top, a filter baffle is designed on the top of the tower, which replaces the gas-solid separator at the lowest cost. The device itself has a cooling system, and even if only one set of adsorption towers is used, it can quickly desorb and cool down, and complete the adsorption and desorption switching in the fastest time, saving time and cost; (2) The present invention can also realize continuous cycle of adsorption and desorption by connecting multiple carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in series or in parallel, which has high working efficiency and saves time and cost; (3) The present invention uses amine solid adsorbents to completely cover the adsorption column, with a large filling volume, and does not require frequent replacement of the adsorbent, so the workload of workers is relatively small; after the gas enters, it comes into contact with the adsorbent more fully, the adsorption efficiency can reach the highest level, and the effect of removing CO2 gas is excellent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system in another embodiment of the present invention; Among them, 1-gas outlet, 2-CO2 detector, 4-heating interlayer, 5-adsorbent outlet, 6-gas inlet, 7-flange outlet, 9-filter sieve plate, 10-cooling interlayer, 11-adsorbent feed port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Example 1 A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device comprises an adsorption tower, wherein an adsorption column is arranged in the adsorption tower, wherein the adsorption column is filled with a solid amine adsorbent, and a filter screen plate 9 is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption column to prevent the resin from leaking to the lower air inlet; a heating interlayer 4 and a cooling interlayer 10 are arranged in an annular manner from the inside to the outside between the adsorption column and the tower wall of the adsorption tower, respectively heating and cooling the adsorption column; a gas outlet 1 is arranged at the top of the adsorption tower, a gas inlet 6 is arranged at the bottom of the tower, and a flange outlet 7 is also arranged at the bottom of the adsorption tower, which is used to discharge residual water in the adsorbent after filling the adsorbent; An adsorbent feed port 11 is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the adsorption tower, and an adsorbent discharge port 5 is provided on the bottom of the side wall for filling and discharging the adsorbent; a CO2 detector 2 is also provided near the gas outlet 1 in the adsorption tower to detect the CO2 concentration therein in real time; filter screens are provided at the gas outlet 1 and the gas inlet 6, and the filter screen provided at the gas inlet 6 filters impurities in the gas to prevent impurities from entering the adsorption column, and regular cleaning is performed, which greatly saves the investment in the gas-solid separator; the filter screen provided at the gas outlet 1 can prevent the adsorbent from being brought into the pipeline, thereby ensuring the purity of the gas after adsorption and purification.

[0025] The carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption method is carried out by using the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, as follows: (1) Pipeline connection: The gas outlet 1 of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device is connected to a purified gas pipeline and a regeneration gas outlet pipeline, and the gas inlet 6 of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device is connected to a CO2 gas source pipeline and a regeneration gas inlet pipeline. Valves are provided on all pipelines; (2) removing dust from the CO2 gas source; preferably, removing dust by a bag filter; (3) Adsorption: The dust-removed CO2 gas source enters the adsorption tower through the gas inlet 6 and enters the adsorption column for adsorption. After the adsorption is completed, the adsorbed and purified gas is discharged through the gas outlet 1 to complete the adsorption; the regeneration gas is introduced from the gas inlet 6, and the adsorption column is heated by the heating interlayer 4 of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device for desorption and regeneration. After the regeneration is completed, the desorbed gas is discharged through the gas outlet 1 to complete the desorption and regeneration; the adsorption column is cooled by the cooling interlayer 10 of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device. After it drops to room temperature, it can be adsorbed and desorbed again in a cycle.

[0026] Preferably, the adsorption velocity or flow rate of the solid amine adsorbent is 1-100 BV / h, the working temperature of the solid amine adsorbent is 10-50°C, the desorption temperature is 80-120°C, the desorption time is 30-120 min, and the regeneration gas used for desorption is water vapor.

[0027] Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, the inner diameter of the adsorption column is 1-5 m, and the diameter-to-height ratio of the adsorption column is 1:5-1:20.

[0028] The filter screen is made of 304 material or 316 material, and the pore size of the filter screen is 0.03-0.3mm.

[0029] The solid amine adsorbent includes but is not limited to aminated materials formed by chemical grafting modification or physical impregnation of porous materials; the porous materials include but are not limited to zeolites, metal organic framework compounds MOFs, organic covalent framework compounds COFs, porous organic polymers, porous carbon or porous silicon; Preferably, the solid amine adsorbent is an aminated material formed by chemically grafting and modifying a porous material; More preferably, the solid amine adsorbent is SEPLITE CT series product of Xi'an Lanxiao Technology New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0030] The heating interlayer 4 is heated by electricity or natural gas.

[0031] The cooling interlayer 10 is filled with a cooling medium; more preferably, the cooling medium is cooling water, and the cooling interlayer 10 can quickly cool the adsorbent after desorption.

[0032] Adsorption tower fixing components are arranged on both sides of the adsorption tower for fixing the adsorption tower.

[0033] Example 3 A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system comprises three working sections, namely an adsorption zone, a desorption zone and a buffer zone; each working section at least contains the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device described in the present invention; each working section is in parallel relationship, and the top of the device of each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline, and the bottom of the device of each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through a CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas inlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas inlet branch pipeline, and valves are arranged on all pipelines.

[0034] A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption method is carried out using the above carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system, specifically as follows: (1) removing dust from the CO2 gas source; preferably, removing dust by a bag filter; (2) Adsorption: By controlling the valves on each pipeline, the working section of the adsorption zone enters the adsorption state; the adsorption state is specifically as follows: the dust-removed CO2 gas source is introduced from the bottom of the working section through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and enters the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device of the working section, where it is adsorbed at the working temperature of the solid amine adsorbent. After adsorption, the CO2 content is detected by the CO2 detector and discharged from the top of the working section to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline; at this time, the two working sections of the desorption zone and the buffer zone are in a waiting state; (3) Switching: Through the detection of CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation, and the valve is switched to make the adsorption zone that has completed adsorption enter the desorption state, the buffer zone that is in the waiting state enter the adsorption state, and the desorption zone enter the buffer state; the desorption state is specifically as follows: the regeneration gas is introduced from the bottom of the working section through the regeneration gas inlet main pipeline and the regeneration gas inlet branch pipeline, and enters the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device of the working section, and desorption and regeneration are carried out at the desorption temperature of the solid amine adsorbent therein, and after desorption, it is discharged from the top of the working section through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline; the buffer state is the waiting state; (4) Cycle switching: Through the CO2 detector detection, the state is switched after adsorption saturation, and the valve is switched to make the working section that has completed adsorption enter the desorption state, the working section that has completed desorption enter the buffer state, and the working section that was originally in the buffer state enter the adsorption state; each working section is continuously switched between adsorption, desorption, and buffering.

[0035] Preferably, the adsorption velocity or flow rate of the solid amine adsorbent is 1-100 BV / h, the working temperature of the solid amine adsorbent is 10-50°C, the desorption temperature is 80-120°C, the desorption time is 30-120 min, and the regeneration gas used for desorption is water vapor.

[0036] Example 4 On the basis of Example 3, the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system further includes a working section, which is a cooling zone. When the cycle switching is performed in step (4), the working section that has completed desorption must first be switched to a cooling state, and the working section that has completed cooling must enter a buffering state, so that each working section is continuously switched to adsorption, desorption, cooling, and buffering.

[0037] Generally, the desorption temperature is high. In order to save the desorption time, a cooling zone is set to save the cooling time after desorption.

[0038] Example 5 On the basis of Example 3 or Example 4, each working section contains one carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, and the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section are connected in parallel, and the gas outlets of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section are connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and are also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through the regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline, and valves are provided on all pipelines.

[0039] Example 6 On the basis of Example 3 or Example 4, each working section contains at least two of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices connected in series or in parallel; when connected in series, the gas outlet of the last carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the first carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; when connected in parallel, the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; valves are provided on all pipelines.

[0040] Example 7 A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system, see Figure 2, including 4 working sections, namely, a buffer zone, an adsorption zone, a cooling zone and a desorption zone, which are respectively denoted as unit A, unit B, unit C and unit D, wherein unit A includes 2 carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices described in Example 1 connected in series, unit B includes 3 carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices described in Example 1 connected in series, unit C includes 2 carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices described in Example 1 connected in series, and unit D includes 2 carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices described in Example 1 connected in series; the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices of units A, B, C and D are all the same, and are numbered 1-9 from left to right; wherein, in units A, B, C and D, the gas outlet of the last carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected through a purified gas branch pipeline It is connected to the purified gas main pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the first carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; for example, in unit A, devices 1-2 are connected in series, the gas outlet of device No. 2 is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of device No. 1 is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; valves are provided on all pipelines, and the working states of units A, B, C, and D are controlled by switching the valves to control the difference in air intake; Wherein, in the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, the inner diameter of the adsorption column is 1m, and the diameter-to-height ratio of the adsorption column is 1:10; The filter screen is made of 304 material, and the pore size of the filter screen is 0.03-0.3mm; The solid amine adsorbent is SEPLITE CT10 produced by Xi'an Lanxiao Technology New Materials Co., Ltd. The heating interlayer is electrically heated; the cooling interlayer is filled with cooling water, and the cooling interlayer can quickly cool the adsorbent after desorption; Adsorption tower fixing components are arranged on both sides of the adsorption tower for fixing the adsorption tower.

[0041] Taking the atmosphere as the CO2 gas source, the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system is used to perform carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption. The specific method is as follows: (1) Remove dust from CO2 gas source: 3 / h flow rate passes through bag dust removal, and then enters No. 3-5 devices from the gas inlet of No. 3 device through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline. The adsorption working temperature is 10-30℃. The purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet of No. 5 device and discharged to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline. Due to the first round of reaction, at this time, other working sections are in a waiting state; (2) First switch: Through detection by CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation. By controlling the valves on each pipeline, the B unit (units 3-5) that has completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, the buffer zone (unit A, i.e., units 1-2) in the waiting state enters the adsorption state, the desorption zone (unit D, i.e., units 8-9) enters the buffer state, and the cooling zone (unit C, i.e., units 6-7) remains in the waiting state; the desorption state is specifically as follows: the regeneration gas water vapor enters the unit 3-5 from the gas inlet of unit 3 through the regeneration gas inlet main pipeline and the regeneration gas inlet branch pipeline, the desorption temperature is 80-100℃, and the desorption time is 2h; the desorbed gas is discharged from the gas outlet of unit 5 to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; at the same time, the buffer zone (unit A) in the waiting state enters the adsorption state by the following method: the atmosphere is heated to 100 m 3 / h flow rate passes through bag dust removal, and then enters No. 1-2 devices from the gas inlet of No. 1 device through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline. The adsorption working temperature is 10-30℃. The purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet of No. 2 device and discharged to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline. Each time switching, the gas is taken in through the gas inlet of the first device in the working section and exhausted through the gas outlet of the last device in the working section. (3) Second switching: Through the detection of CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation. By controlling the valve, the state is switched, and the B unit (units 3-5) that have completed the desorption work in step (2) enters the cooling state, the A unit (units 1-2) that have completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, the D unit (units 8-9) that is in the buffer state enters the adsorption state, and the C unit (units 6-7) enters the buffer state to wait for adsorption work; when in the cooling state, the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling interlayer is controlled to perform rapid cooling; (4) The third switching: through the CO2 detector detection, the state switching is performed after the adsorption is saturated, and the state is switched by controlling the valve, so that the B unit that has completed the cooling in step (3) enters the buffer state, the A unit that has completed the desorption work enters the cooling state, the D unit that has completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, and the C unit in the buffer state enters the adsorption work; (5) Cyclic switching: The state is switched according to the detection data of the CO2 detector, and the valve is switched so that the working section that has completed adsorption enters the desorption state, the working section that has completed desorption enters the cooling state, the working section that has completed cooling enters the buffer state, and the working section that was originally in the buffer state enters the adsorption state; each working section is continuously switched in a cycle of adsorption, desorption, cooling, and buffering.

[0042] Example 8 A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system, see Figure 3 , including 4 working sections, namely, a buffer zone, an adsorption zone, a cooling zone and a desorption zone, which are respectively denoted as unit A, unit B, unit C and unit D, and each of units A-D includes two carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices described in Example 1 connected in series; the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices of units A, B, C and D are all the same, and are numbered as devices 1-8 from left to right; wherein, in units A, B, C and D, the gas outlet of the last carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the first carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the regenerated gas main pipeline through a CO2 gas source branch pipeline. They are connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline, and are also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; for example, in unit A, devices 1-2 are connected in series, the gas outlet of device 2 is connected to the purification gas main pipeline through the purification gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of device 1 is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; valves are provided on all pipelines, and the working states of units A, B, C, and D are controlled by switching the valves to control the difference in air intake; Wherein, in the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, the inner diameter of the adsorption column is 2m, and the diameter-to-height ratio of the adsorption column is 1:8; The filter screen is made of 304 material, and the pore size of the filter screen is 0.05-0.3mm; The solid amine adsorbent is SEPLITE CT10 produced by Xi'an Lanxiao Technology New Materials Co., Ltd. The heating interlayer is electrically heated; the cooling interlayer is filled with cooling water, and the cooling interlayer can quickly cool the adsorbent after desorption; Adsorption tower fixing components are arranged on both sides of the adsorption tower for fixing the adsorption tower.

[0043] Taking the atmosphere as the CO2 gas source, the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system is used to perform carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption. The specific method is as follows: (1) Remove dust from CO2 gas source: 3 / h flow rate passes through bag dust removal, and then enters No. 3-4 device from the gas inlet of No. 3 device through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline. The adsorption working temperature is 30-50℃. The purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet of No. 4 device and discharged to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline. Due to the first round of reaction, at this time, other working sections are in a waiting state; (2) First switch: Through detection by CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation. By controlling the valves on each pipeline, the B unit (unit 3-4) that has completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, the buffer zone (unit A, i.e., units 1-2) in the waiting state enters the adsorption state, the desorption zone (unit D, i.e., units 7-8) enters the buffer state, and the cooling zone (unit C, i.e., units 5-6) remains in the waiting state; the desorption state is specifically as follows: the regeneration gas water vapor enters the unit 3-4 from the gas inlet of unit 3 through the regeneration gas inlet main pipeline and the regeneration gas inlet branch pipeline, the desorption temperature is 80-100℃, and the desorption time is 2h; the desorbed gas is discharged from the gas outlet of unit 4 to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; at the same time, the buffer zone (unit A) in the waiting state enters the adsorption state by the following method: the atmosphere is heated to 100 m 3 / h flow rate passes through bag dust removal, and then enters No. 1-2 devices from the gas inlet of No. 1 device through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline. The adsorption working temperature is 10-30℃. The purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet of No. 2 device and discharged to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline. Each time switching, the gas is taken in through the gas inlet of the first device in the working section and exhausted through the gas outlet of the last device in the working section. (3) Second switching: Through the detection of CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation. By controlling the valve, the state is switched, and the B unit (units 3-4) that have completed the desorption work in step (2) enters the cooling state, the A unit (units 1-2) that have completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, the D unit (units 7-8) that is in the buffer state enters the adsorption state, and the C unit (units 5-6) enters the buffer state to wait for adsorption work; when in the cooling state, the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling interlayer is controlled to perform rapid cooling; (4) The third switching: through the CO2 detector detection, the state switching is performed after the adsorption is saturated, and the state is switched by controlling the valve, so that the B unit that has completed the cooling in step (3) enters the buffer state, the A unit that has completed the desorption work enters the cooling state, the D unit that has completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, and the C unit in the buffer state enters the adsorption work; (5) Cyclic switching: The state is switched according to the detection data of the CO2 detector, and the valve is switched so that the working section that has completed adsorption enters the desorption state, the working section that has completed desorption enters the cooling state, the working section that has completed cooling enters the buffer state, and the working section that was originally in the buffer state enters the adsorption state; each working section is continuously switched in a cycle of adsorption, desorption, cooling, and buffering.

[0044] Example 9 A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system comprises three working sections, namely a buffer zone, an adsorption zone and a desorption zone, which are respectively denoted as unit A, unit B and unit C, wherein units A-C each comprise a carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device as described in Example 1; the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices of units A, B and C are all the same, and are numbered as devices 1-3 from left to right; wherein, in units A, B and C, the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through a CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas main pipeline through a regenerated gas branch pipeline; for example, in unit A, The gas outlet of the No. 1 device is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the No. 1 device is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; valves are provided on all pipelines, and the working states of the A, B, and C units are controlled by switching the valves to control the difference in air intake; Wherein, in the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, the inner diameter of the adsorption column is 1m, and the diameter-to-height ratio of the adsorption column is 1:20; The filter screen is made of 304 material, and the pore size of the filter screen is 0.05-0.3mm; The solid amine adsorbent is SEPLITE CT10 produced by Xi'an Lanxiao Technology New Materials Co., Ltd. The heating interlayer is heated by natural gas; the cooling interlayer is filled with cooling water, and the cooling interlayer can quickly cool the adsorbent after desorption; Adsorption tower fixing components are arranged on both sides of the adsorption tower for fixing the adsorption tower.

[0045] Taking the atmosphere as the CO2 gas source, the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system is used to perform carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption. The specific method is as follows: (1) Remove dust from CO2 gas source: 3 / h flow rate passes through the bag dust collector, and then enters the No. 2 device from the gas inlet through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline. The adsorption working temperature is 30-50℃. The purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet of the No. 2 device and discharged to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline. Due to the first round of reaction, at this time, other working sections are in a waiting state; (2) First switch: Through detection by CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation. By controlling the valves on each pipeline, the B unit (unit 2) that has completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, the buffer zone (unit A, i.e., unit 1) that is in the waiting state enters the adsorption state, and the desorption zone (unit C, i.e., unit 3) enters the buffer state; the desorption state is specifically as follows: the regeneration gas water vapor enters from the gas inlet of unit 2 through the regeneration gas inlet main pipeline and the regeneration gas inlet branch pipeline, the desorption temperature is 80-100℃, and the desorption time is 2h; the desorbed gas is discharged from the gas outlet of unit 2 to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline. After the desorption is completed, the adsorption column is cooled by the cooling interlayer; at the same time, the buffer zone (unit A) that is in the waiting state enters the adsorption state by the following method: the atmosphere is heated to 100 m 3 / h flow rate passes through bag dust removal, and then enters device No. 1 from the gas inlet of device No. 1 through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline. The adsorption working temperature is 10-30℃. The purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet of device No. 1 and discharged to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline. Each time switching, the gas is taken in through the gas inlet and exhausted through the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in the working section. (3) Second switching: After the CO2 detector detects that the adsorption is saturated, the state is switched. By controlling the valve, the state is switched, and the B unit (device No. 2) that has completed the desorption work in step (2) enters the buffer state, the A unit (device No. 1) that has completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, and the C unit (device No. 3) that is in the buffer state enters the adsorption state; when in the cooling state, the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling interlayer is controlled to quickly cool down; (4) Cyclic switching: The state is switched according to the detection data of the CO2 detector, and the valve is switched so that the working section that has completed adsorption enters the desorption state, the working section that has completed desorption enters the buffer state, and the working section that was originally in the buffer state enters the adsorption state; each working section is continuously switched between adsorption, desorption, and buffering.

[0046] Example 10 A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system comprises three working sections, namely a buffer zone, an adsorption zone and a desorption zone, which are respectively denoted as unit A, unit B and unit C, wherein each of units A and C comprises two carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices described in Example 1 connected in parallel; the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices of A, B and C are all the same, and are numbered as devices 1 to 6 from left to right; wherein, in units A, B and C, the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline; The gas inlets are all connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and are also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; for example, in unit A, device No. 1 and device No. 2 are connected in parallel, and the gas outlets of device No. 1 and device No. 2 are connected to the purification gas main pipeline through the purification gas branch pipeline, and are also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlets of device No. 1 and device No. 2 are all connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and are also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; valves are provided on all pipelines, and the working states of units A, B, and C are controlled by switching the valves to control the difference in air intake; Wherein, in the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, the inner diameter of the adsorption column is 1m, and the diameter-to-height ratio of the adsorption column is 1:20; The filter screen is made of 304 material, and the pore size of the filter screen is 0.05-0.3mm; The solid amine adsorbent is SEPLITE CT10 produced by Xi'an Lanxiao Technology New Materials Co., Ltd. The heating interlayer is heated by natural gas; the cooling interlayer is filled with cooling water, and the cooling interlayer can quickly cool the adsorbent after desorption; Adsorption tower fixing components are arranged on both sides of the adsorption tower for fixing the adsorption tower.

[0047] Taking the atmosphere as the CO2 gas source, the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system is used to perform carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption. The specific method is as follows: (1) Remove dust from CO2 gas source: 3 / h flow rate passes through bag dust removal, and then enters from the gas inlet of device 3 and device 4 through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and CO2 gas source branch pipeline. The adsorption working temperature is 30-50℃. The purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet of device 3 and device 4, and discharged to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline. Due to the first round of reaction, at this time, other working sections are in a waiting state; (2) First switch: Through detection by CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation. By controlling the valves on each pipeline, the B unit (unit 3 and unit 4) that has completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, the buffer zone (unit A, i.e. unit 1 and unit 2) that is in the waiting state enters the adsorption state, and the desorption zone (unit C, i.e. unit 5 and unit 6) enters the buffer state; the desorption state is specifically as follows: the regeneration gas water vapor enters from the gas inlet of unit 3 and unit 4 through the regeneration gas inlet main pipeline and the regeneration gas inlet branch pipeline, the desorption temperature is 80-100℃, and the desorption time is 2h; the desorbed gas is discharged from the gas outlet of unit 3 and unit 4 through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline. After the desorption is completed, the adsorption column is cooled by the cooling interlayer; at the same time, the buffer zone (unit A) that is in the waiting state enters the adsorption state by the following method: the atmosphere is heated to 100 m 3 / h flow rate passes through bag dust removal, and then enters device No. 1 from the gas inlet of device No. 1 and device No. 2 through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and CO2 gas source branch pipeline. The adsorption working temperature is 10-30℃. The purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet of device No. 1 and device No. 2, and discharged to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline; each switch is through the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in the working section, and the gas outlet is exhausted; (3) Second switching: Through the detection of the CO2 detector, the state is switched after the adsorption is saturated. By controlling the valve, the state is switched, and the B unit (unit 3 and unit 4) that has completed the desorption work in step (2) enters the buffer state, the A unit (unit 1 and unit 2) that has completed the adsorption work enters the desorption state, and the C unit (unit 5 and unit 6) that is in the buffer state enters the adsorption state; when in the cooling state, the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling interlayer is controlled to quickly cool down; (4) Cyclic switching: The state is switched according to the detection data of the CO2 detector, and the valve is switched so that the working section that has completed adsorption enters the desorption state, the working section that has completed desorption enters the buffer state, and the working section that was originally in the buffer state enters the adsorption state; each working section is continuously switched between adsorption, desorption, and buffering.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, comprising an adsorption tower, characterized in that: An adsorption column is arranged in the adsorption tower, and the adsorption column is filled with solid amine adsorbent, and a filter screen plate is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption column; a heating interlayer and a cooling interlayer are arranged in a ring from the inside to the outside between the adsorption column and the tower wall of the adsorption tower; a gas outlet is arranged at the top of the adsorption tower, a gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the tower, and a flange outlet is also arranged at the bottom of the adsorption tower; an adsorbent feed port is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the adsorption tower, and an adsorbent discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the side wall; a CO2 detector is also arranged near the gas outlet in the adsorption tower; filters are arranged at the gas outlet and the gas inlet.

2. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the adsorption column is 1-5m, and the diameter-to-height ratio of the adsorption column is 1:5-1:

20.

3. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter screen is made of 304 material or 316 material, and the pore size of the filter screen is 0.03-0.3mm.

4. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solid amine adsorbent includes but is not limited to aminated materials formed by chemical grafting modification or physical impregnation of porous materials; the porous materials include but are not limited to zeolites, metal organic framework compounds MOFs, organic covalent framework compounds COFs, porous organic polymers, porous carbon or porous silicon; Preferably, the solid amine adsorbent is an aminated material formed by chemically grafting and modifying a porous material; More preferably, the solid amine adsorbent is SEPLITE CT series product of Xi'an Lanxiao Technology New Materials Co., Ltd.

5. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system, characterized in that: The invention comprises three working sections, namely an adsorption zone, a desorption zone and a buffer zone; each working section contains at least one carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device as described in claim 1; each working section is in parallel relationship, and the top of the device of each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline, and the bottom of the device of each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through a CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas inlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas inlet branch pipeline, and valves are arranged on all pipelines.

6. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system also includes a working section, which is a temperature reduction zone.

7. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Each working section contains one carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device, and the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section are connected in parallel, and the gas outlets of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section are connected to the purified gas main pipeline through a purified gas branch pipeline, and are also connected to the regenerated gas outlet main pipeline through a regenerated gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through a CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regenerated gas main pipeline through a regenerated gas branch pipeline, and valves are provided on all pipelines.

8. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Each working section contains at least two of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption devices connected in series or in parallel; when connected in series, the gas outlet of the last carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the first carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; when connected in parallel, the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline; the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device in each working section is connected to the CO2 gas source main pipeline through the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and is also connected to the regeneration gas main pipeline through the regeneration gas branch pipeline; valves are provided on all pipelines.

9. A method for adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide gas, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system according to claim 5 is used, specifically as follows: (1) Remove dust from CO2 gas source; (2) Adsorption: By controlling the valves on each pipeline, the working section of the adsorption zone enters the adsorption state; the adsorption state is specifically as follows: the dust-removed CO2 gas source is introduced from the bottom of the working section through the CO2 gas source main pipeline and the CO2 gas source branch pipeline, and enters the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device of the working section, where it is adsorbed at the working temperature of the solid amine adsorbent. After adsorption, the CO2 content is detected by the CO2 detector and discharged from the top of the working section to the purified gas main pipeline through the purified gas branch pipeline; at this time, the two working sections of the desorption zone and the buffer zone are in a waiting state; (3) Switching: Through the detection of CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation, and the valve is switched to make the adsorption zone that has completed adsorption enter the desorption state, the buffer zone that is in the waiting state enter the adsorption state, and the desorption zone enter the buffer state; the desorption state is specifically as follows: the regeneration gas is introduced from the bottom of the working section through the regeneration gas inlet main pipeline and the regeneration gas inlet branch pipeline, and enters the carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption device of the working section, and desorption and regeneration are carried out at the desorption temperature of the solid amine adsorbent therein, and after desorption, it is discharged from the top of the working section through the regeneration gas outlet branch pipeline to the regeneration gas outlet main pipeline; the buffer state is the waiting state; (4) Cycle switching: Through the detection of CO2 detector, the state is switched after adsorption saturation, and the valve is switched to make the working section that has completed adsorption enter the desorption state, the working section that has completed desorption enter the buffer state, and the working section that was originally in the buffer state enter the adsorption state; each working section is continuously switched between adsorption, desorption, and buffering; Preferably, the adsorption velocity or flow rate of the solid amine adsorbent is 1-100 BV / h, the working temperature of the solid amine adsorbent is 20-50°C, the desorption temperature is 80-120°C, the desorption time is 30-120 min, and the regeneration gas used for desorption is water vapor.

10. A carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide gas adsorption and desorption system further comprises a working section, which is a cooling zone. When the cycle switching is performed in step (4), the working section that has completed desorption must first be switched to a cooling state, and the working section that has completed cooling must enter a buffering state, so that each working section can continuously perform a cycle switching of adsorption, desorption, cooling, and buffering.

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