Carbon black composite polystyrene material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, and provides a carbon black composite polystyrene material and a preparation method thereof. The carbon black composite polystyrene material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of polystyrene, 10-16 parts of a carbon black composite material, 12-19 parts of a flame retardant and 2-6 parts of a foaming agent, the carbon black composite material comprises the following raw materials: carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline. According to the technical scheme, the problem of poor impact strength of the carbon black composite polystyrene material in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and in particular to a carbon black composite polystyrene material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a widely used thermoplastic, polystyrene has the advantages of low cost, easy processing, and good insulation. It is widely used in packaging, electronic appliances, construction and other industries. However, polystyrene itself has some performance defects, among which low impact strength is one of the key factors limiting its further application. When subjected to external impact, polystyrene materials are prone to brittle fracture, which greatly affects its use in some scenarios that require high material toughness.

[0003] In order to improve the performance of polystyrene, compounding carbon black with polystyrene has become an important research direction. Carbon black has excellent electrical conductivity, wear resistance and high strength. Introducing it into polystyrene can theoretically improve the overall performance of the material to a certain extent. By compounding carbon black with polystyrene, it is expected that the material will acquire new properties such as antistatic and enhanced mechanical properties.

[0004] However, the current carbon black composite polystyrene materials still have many problems in preparation and performance. On the one hand, during the preparation process, the dispersion of carbon black in the polystyrene matrix is ​​difficult to ensure, and agglomeration is prone to occur, which not only fails to give full play to the performance advantages of carbon black, but also may form stress concentration points inside the material. On the other hand, the existing carbon black composite polystyrene materials are not ideal in improving the impact strength and cannot meet the growing industrial needs.

[0005] Therefore, developing a carbon black composite polystyrene material with high impact strength is crucial to promoting its application in more fields with high performance requirements. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a carbon black composite polystyrene material and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem of poor impact strength of the carbon black composite polystyrene material in the related art.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a carbon black composite polystyrene material, wherein the raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of polystyrene, 10-16 parts of carbon black composite material, 12-19 parts of flame retardant, and 2-6 parts of foaming agent; The raw materials of the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of the carbon black to 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is 20:1-3.

[0009] In the present invention, the impact strength of the carbon black composite polystyrene material is further improved by adjusting the mass ratio of carbon black to 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline to 20:1-3.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the method for preparing the carbon black composite material comprises the following steps: The carbon black is treated with acid, added to dimethylformamide, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is added, mixed evenly, and dried to obtain a carbon black composite material; When the mixing is uniform, the temperature is 40-60°C.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the acid treatment comprises the following steps: A1. Add carbon black to an acid solution and mix to obtain a mixed solution; A2, filtering the mixed solution, washing, and drying; The mixing temperature is 1-4°C.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the acid solution includes sulfuric acid; The concentration of the sulfuric acid is 98wt%; The mass volume ratio of the carbon black to the acid solution is 1 g:1-2 mL.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the flame retardant includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane.

[0014] In the present invention, the flame retardant comprises ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane. The ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid is used as a phosphorus-based flame retardant and generates a solid substance with a more stable structure when heated, thereby preventing the carbon black composite polystyrene material from being pyrolyzed and isolating the pyrolysis product and oxygen from entering the gas phase to participate in the combustion reaction. The 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline molecule contains cyano, nitro and amino groups, which can provide nitrogen and release free radicals when burned to prevent free radical reactions in the combustion process. In addition, the molecule contains a benzene ring and chars when heated to form a carbon layer, thereby preventing the carbon black composite polystyrene material from being pyrolyzed. The polydimethylsiloxane is used as a silicon-based flame retardant and generates a silicon-containing dense heat-insulating and oxygen-insulating carbon layer when heated to prevent heat transfer. The three produce a synergistic effect to improve the oxygen index of the carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane is 5:2-4:20.

[0016] In the present invention, the oxygen index of the carbon black composite polystyrene material is further improved by adjusting the mass ratio of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane to 5:2-4:20.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the foaming agent includes one or more of cyclopentane, isopentane, and neopentane.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing the carbon black composite polystyrene material, comprising the following steps: The components are mixed uniformly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain a carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the extrusion temperature is 185-220°C.

[0020] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is added to composite carbon black. The non-polar group of 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is similarly compatible with polystyrene, has better dispersibility in polystyrene, avoids agglomeration of carbon black in polystyrene, and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline and carbon black act synergistically to improve the impact strength of the carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, a foaming agent is added to the carbon black composite polystyrene material. The foaming agent generates gas when heated, and pores are generated inside the foamed material. The pores can effectively prevent the transfer of heat, so that the material has good thermal insulation performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the following examples and comparative examples, the polystyrene model is GPPS-123P, the carbon black model is N220, and the viscosity of polydimethylsiloxane is 500 cs.

[0024] Example 1 A carbon black composite polystyrene material, the raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of polystyrene, 16 parts of carbon black composite material, 19 parts of flame retardant, and 6 parts of foaming agent; The raw materials of the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 4:1; The preparation method of the carbon black composite material comprises the following steps: The carbon black is treated with acid, added to dimethylformamide, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is added, mixed evenly at 60° C., and dried to obtain 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline composite carbon black; The acid treatment includes the following steps: A1. Add carbon black to the acid solution and mix at 4°C to obtain a mixed solution; A2, filtering, washing and drying the mixed solution; The acid solution is sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98wt%; The mass volume ratio of carbon black to acid solution is 1 g:2 mL; The flame retardant is polydimethylsiloxane; The blowing agent is cyclopentane; The preparation method of carbon black composite polystyrene material comprises the following steps: The components are mixed uniformly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain a carbon black composite polystyrene material; During the extrusion process, the temperatures of sections 1 to 5 are 185°C, 200°C, 205°C, 220°C, and 210°C, respectively.

[0025] Example 2 A carbon black composite polystyrene material, the raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of polystyrene, 10 parts of carbon black composite material, 12 parts of flame retardant, and 2 parts of foaming agent; The raw materials of the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 50:1; The preparation method of the carbon black composite material comprises the following steps: The carbon black is treated with acid, added to dimethylformamide, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is added, mixed evenly at 40°C, and dried to obtain 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline composite carbon black; The acid treatment includes the following steps: A1. Add carbon black to the acid solution and mix at 1°C to obtain a mixed solution; A2, filtering, washing and drying the mixed solution; The acid solution is sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98wt%; The mass volume ratio of carbon black to acid solution is 1 g:1 mL; The flame retardant is polydimethylsiloxane; The blowing agent is isopentane; The preparation method of carbon black composite polystyrene material comprises the following steps: The components are mixed uniformly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain a carbon black composite polystyrene material; During the extrusion process, the temperatures of sections 1 to 5 are 190°C, 200°C, 205°C, 220°C, and 215°C, respectively.

[0026] Example 3 A carbon black composite polystyrene material, the raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of polystyrene, 13 parts of carbon black composite material, 15 parts of flame retardant, and 4 parts of foaming agent; The raw materials of the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 40:1; The preparation method of the carbon black composite material comprises the following steps: The carbon black is treated with acid, added to dimethylformamide, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is added, mixed evenly at 50°C, and dried to obtain 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline composite carbon black; The acid treatment includes the following steps: A1. Add carbon black to the acid solution and mix at 2°C to obtain a mixed solution; A2, filtering, washing and drying the mixed solution; The acid solution is sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98wt%; The mass volume ratio of carbon black to acid solution is 1 g:1.5 mL; The flame retardant is polydimethylsiloxane; The blowing agent is isopentane; The preparation method of carbon black composite polystyrene material comprises the following steps: The components are mixed uniformly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain a carbon black composite polystyrene material; During the extrusion process, the temperatures of sections 1 to 5 are 185°C, 200°C, 205°C, 220°C, and 215°C, respectively.

[0027] Example 4 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the raw materials of the carbon black composite material of this embodiment include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0028] Example 5 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the raw materials of the carbon black composite material of this embodiment include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 20:1.

[0029] Example 6 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the raw materials of the carbon black composite material of this embodiment include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 20:3.

[0030] Example 7 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 11:20.

[0031] Example 8 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 11:20.

[0032] Example 9 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 5:6:20.

[0033] Example 10 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 5:1:20.

[0034] Embodiment 11 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 5:2:20.

[0035] Example 12 The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 5:4:20.

[0036] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the carbon black composite material in this comparative example is replaced by an equal weight portion of carbon black.

[0037] Experimental Example 1 The carbon black composite polystyrene materials prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 were tested for Izod notched impact strength according to the method specified in GB T 1843-2008 "Determination of Izod impact strength of plastics". The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0038]

[0039] Comparing Example 2 with Comparative Example 1, it is shown that the carbon black composite material prepared by using carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in the present invention improves the impact strength of the carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0040] Comparing Examples 5-6 with Examples 3-4, it is shown that in the present invention, by adjusting the mass ratio of carbon black to 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline to 20:1-3, the impact strength of the carbon black composite polystyrene material is further improved.

[0041] Experimental Example 2 The carbon black composite polystyrene materials prepared in Examples 3 and 7 to 12 were tested for oxygen index according to the method specified in GB / T 2406.2-2009 "Determination of Combustion Behavior of Plastics by Oxygen Index Method Part 2: Room Temperature Test". The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0042]

[0043] Comparing Examples 9 to 12 with Examples 3 and 7 to 8, it is shown that the oxygen index of the carbon black composite polystyrene material is improved by selecting ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane as flame retardants in the present invention. Comparing Examples 11 to 12 with Examples 9 to 10, it is shown that the oxygen index of the carbon black composite polystyrene material is further improved by adjusting the mass ratio of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane to 5:2 to 4:20.

[0044] Experimental Example 3 The carbon black composite polystyrene material prepared in Example 1 was made into a polystyrene foam sample according to the method specified in JG / T 536-2017 "Thermosetting Composite Polystyrene Foam Insulation Board". The sample size was 300 mm×300 mm×20 mm, and the thermal conductivity was tested.

[0045] The thermal conductivity is the arithmetic mean of the experimental data of two samples, accurate to 0.001 W / (m·K).

[0046] The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0047]

[0048] The thermal conductivity test results of Example 1 show that the carbon black composite polystyrene material prepared in the present invention meets the requirements of actual use.

[0049] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon black composite polystyrene material, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of polystyrene, 10-16 parts of carbon black composite material, 12-19 parts of flame retardant, and 2-6 parts of foaming agent; The raw materials of the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline.

2. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the carbon black to 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is 20:1-3.

3. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the carbon black composite material comprises the following steps: The carbon black is treated with acid, added to dimethylformamide, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is added, mixed evenly, and dried to obtain a carbon black composite material; When the mixing is uniform, the temperature is 40-60°C.

4. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The acid treatment comprises the following steps: A1. Add carbon black to an acid solution and mix to obtain a mixed solution; A2, filtering the mixed solution, washing, and drying; The mixing temperature is 1-4°C.

5. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acid solution includes sulfuric acid; The concentration of the sulfuric acid is 98wt%; The mass volume ratio of the carbon black to the acid solution is 1 g:1-2 mL.

6. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane.

7. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass ratio of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane is 5:2-4:

20.

8. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent includes one or more of cyclopentane, isopentane and neopentane.

9. The method for preparing a carbon black composite polystyrene material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The components are mixed uniformly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain a carbon black composite polystyrene material.

10. The method for preparing a carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The extrusion temperature is 185-220°C.

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