Waste grease treatment process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste resource recycling, and particularly discloses a waste grease treatment process which comprises the following steps: (1) coarsely separating water impurities to obtain an oil-phase material; (2) adsorbing and removing impurities to obtain an impurity-removed oil phase material; (3) degumming treatment: adding water into the impurity-removed oil-phase material, heating, adding a phospholipase functional material, standing after the reaction is finished, emptying a lower-layer water phase and a middle turbid layer, and settling and separating to obtain a pretreated oil-phase material; (4) vacuum drying; and (5) rectification treatment: carrying out rectification treatment on the dried oil-phase material in a rectification tower to obtain an oil-phase product. The phospholipase functional material prepared specially is used in the degumming treatment, adverse effects caused by local temperature changes and pH changes in the application process can be overcome, high enzyme activity is further shown, the high phospholipid removal rate is obtained, and the overall treatment quality of the waste grease can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste resource recycling, and more specifically, to a waste grease treatment process. Background Art

[0002] Waste oil raw materials refer to inedible animal and plant oils and various oil-water mixtures, including oils that have been fried and are no longer edible, oils in kitchen waste, oil-water mixtures, and oils produced after separation and treatment by oil-water separators and grease traps. Waste oil is one of the main raw materials for renewable energy - biodiesel, and waste oil contains a large amount of metals, chlorine and other impurities, which must be processed before it can become a usable raw material. The treatment process of waste oil generally includes the following steps: 1. Pretreatment: The collected waste oil needs to be pretreated, including the removal of impurities and moisture. This step can ensure that the subsequent refining process is smoother; 2. Degumming treatment. Oils usually contain some colloid-soluble impurities, mainly phospholipids. Their presence will affect the stability and quality of the finished oil, so they will be removed during production; 3. Refining treatment: The separated light oil is refined, including decolorization, deodorization, desulfurization, regeneration oil separation and other steps to ensure that the final product meets the relevant quality standards. Among them, degumming treatment is also called dephosphorization treatment. Lecithin is an amphiphilic substance. In waste oil, it is generally combined with impurities such as protein, mucus and trace metals. These colloidal substances directly affect the quality of oil and the effect of subsequent refining processes, so the degumming effect is particularly important.

[0003] Common oil degumming technologies include hydration degumming, acid degumming, enzyme degumming, adsorption degumming, supercritical degumming and membrane degumming. Among them, enzyme degumming uses phospholipase to remove fatty acids from the glycerol skeleton to produce lysophospholipids, which are more easily converted into water-soluble forms and removed by water washing. Compared with other degumming methods, enzyme degumming has a wide adaptability and mild reaction conditions, can greatly save chemical consumption, produces almost no wastewater, has good environmental performance, and has broad application prospects.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors believe that when phospholipase is used in waste oils and fats, it is often difficult to maintain a high enzyme activity due to the influence of local temperature changes and pH changes, resulting in difficulty in achieving the expected degumming treatment effect during actual application.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a solution to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to improve the application stability of phospholipase in waste oil and fat, bring about better degumming treatment effect, and then obtain a higher phospholipid removal rate, and ultimately improve the overall treatment quality of waste oil and fat, the present application provides a waste oil and fat treatment process.

[0007] The present application provides a waste oil treatment process, which adopts the following technical solution: A waste grease treatment process comprises the following steps: (1) Water and impurity separation: The waste oil raw material is heated and then spirally centrifuged to obtain the oil phase material; (2) Adsorption and impurity removal: After heating the oil phase material obtained in step (1), a composite adsorbent is added and stirred, and then filtered to complete solid-liquid separation to obtain an oil phase material after impurity removal; (3) Degumming treatment: adding water to the degummed oil phase material obtained in step (2), heating it, and then adding the phospholipase functional material. After the reaction is completed, the reaction is allowed to stand, the lower aqueous phase and the middle turbid layer are drained, and the pretreated oil phase material is obtained by sedimentation separation. (4) Vacuum drying: vacuum drying the pretreated oil phase material obtained in step (3) to obtain a dried oil phase material; (5) Distillation treatment: The dried oil phase material obtained in step (4) is distilled in a distillation tower to obtain an oil phase product.

[0008] In the above degumming process, the phospholipase functional material is prepared by the following method: S1. Take a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and distilled water, add biochar raw materials to the mixture for ultrasonic dispersion, then add ammonia water and ethyl orthosilicate to react by stirring, and obtain pretreated biochar after filtering, washing and drying; S2, dispersing the pretreated biochar in step S1 in an ethanol solution, adding an initiator for treatment, taking it out, and performing ATRP polymerization reaction with a polymerization monomer, methacrylamide glucose, adding sodium periodate after the reaction, suspending it in a dark place, filtering it, and washing it with methanol to obtain polymer-modified pretreated biochar; S3. Mix the polymer-modified pretreated biochar obtained in step S2 with the phospholipase solution, perform suspension treatment, and then take out to obtain a phospholipase functional material.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, in the preparation of phospholipase functional material, biochar is used as raw material, and the huge specific surface area and developed pore structure of biochar are utilized. In the treatment in step S1, the surface and pore structure of biochar can be wrapped by silica gel; then, through the operation of step S2, methyl acrylamide glucose polymer chain is modified on the surface of silica gel, and then the ortho-dihydroxyl group on the side chain glucose of the polymer chain is oxidized to aldehyde group by sodium periodate; finally, in the treatment of step S3, phospholipase is fixedly loaded on the polymer chain through the Schiff base reaction of amino group and aldehyde group, thereby obtaining phospholipase functional material. When the phospholipase functional material is applied to the degumming process, the phospholipase loaded thereon can quickly exert its own effect by virtue of the biological activity of biochar, the huge specific surface area, and the developed pore structure. Moreover, under the influence of local temperature changes and pH changes, the phospholipase can also be better protected and can be stably loaded, and it is not easy to have a large loss in the performance of its own enzyme activity, so that the degumming effect close to the expected can be obtained, and a higher phospholipid removal rate can be obtained, which is beneficial to improve the overall treatment quality of waste oil. At the same time, after the phospholipase functional material has played its corresponding role in the application, it can be collected and reused, and the phospholipase can be loaded again to make up for the loss of phospholipase in the previous use process, so that it can be used repeatedly, which is beneficial to greatly reduce costs and bring better application effects.

[0010] Preferably, in the preparation of the phospholipase functional material, in step S1, the usage ratio of the biochar raw material, anhydrous ethanol, distilled water, ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1 g: (40-50) mL: (4.5-5.5) mL: (2-3) mL: (1.8-2.2) mL.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme and the combined use of the above raw materials, the silica gel film formed on the surface of the biochar raw material is relatively uniform and is not easy to cause clogging to the pore structure of the biochar raw material, so that the pretreated biochar obtained in step S1 still has a better morphological structure, which can not only bring better corresponding effects in subsequent treatments, but also form a relatively large and stable phospholipase load, thereby making the final phospholipase functional material have better application quality.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the stirring reaction temperature is 20-30°C, and the stirring reaction time is 10-12h.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, at the above temperature, the silica gel film structure formed on the surface of the biochar raw material is relatively dense, and can play a better corresponding role in the subsequent treatment process; and the above time combination can ensure that the various raw materials in step S1 can be fully compounded; therefore, pretreated biochar with better application quality can be obtained in the end.

[0014] Preferably, in the preparation of the phospholipase functional material, in step S2, the polymerized monomer methacrylamide glucose is 30%-35% of the mass of the pretreated biochar.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the above amount of polymerized monomer methacrylamide glucose is used, a relatively uniform methacrylamide glucose polymer chain can be obtained on the surface silica gel of the pretreated oil phase material, and the methacrylamide glucose polymer chains are not easy to be entangled with each other, so that a uniform and stable load can be formed on the phospholipase in the subsequent treatment process, ensuring that the phospholipase functional material finally obtained can also exert a relatively excellent corresponding effect.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the loading amount of phospholipase on the obtained phospholipase functional material is 50-60 μg / mg.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, if the loading amount is lower than the above range, the amount of phospholipase functional material added will increase, which will increase the cost; if the loading amount is higher than the above range, the loading stability of the phospholipase will be adversely affected, and the phospholipase will also be difficult to be better protected, and the enzyme activity expression during the application process is relatively poor; therefore, the above loading amount of phospholipase enables the phospholipase functional material to exert a relatively stable application effect.

[0018] Preferably, in the adsorption and decontamination in step (2), the composite adsorbent is composed of activated clay and activated carbon, and the weight ratio of activated clay to activated carbon is (3.5-4.5):1.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the adsorbent adsorbs oil molecules through the micropores and mesopores on its surface, thereby removing impurities and pollutants in waste oil, and the above adsorbent composed of activated clay and activated carbon can exert excellent corresponding effects during the application process, thereby ensuring that the subsequent phospholipase functional material is not easily affected by impurities and pollutants after addition, so that it can exert excellent and stable corresponding effects.

[0020] Preferably, in the degumming treatment of step (3), the amount of phospholipase functional material added is 7.5-8.5% of the mass of the oil phase material after degumming.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, the phospholipase functional material in the above amount can be evenly dispersed in the oil phase material after impurity removal, which can not only meet the processing requirements of the oil phase material after impurity removal, but also exert a relatively excellent and stable effect.

[0022] Preferably, in the degumming treatment of step (3), the reaction temperature is 48-52° C., the reaction time is 3-5 h, and the reaction pH is 4.8-5.2.

[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, in the degumming process, the selection and coordination of the above parameters enable the phospholipase on the phospholipase functional material to express higher and more stable enzyme activity during the application process, thereby obtaining a higher phospholipid removal rate; at the same time, under this condition, even if local temperature changes and pH changes occur, the phospholipase functional material can maintain better application stability, thereby achieving better application stability of the waste oil treatment process, thereby obtaining a higher quality oil phase product.

[0024] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: The present application uses specially prepared phospholipase functional materials in the degumming process, so that the phospholipase loaded thereon can quickly exert its own function and show high enzyme activity even under the influence of local temperature changes and pH changes, thereby obtaining a high phospholipid removal rate, which is beneficial to improving the overall treatment quality of waste oil and fat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application is further described in detail below in combination with preparation examples, embodiments and comparative examples.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the preparation examples, embodiments and comparative examples of the present application are commercially available.

[0027] Biochar was purchased from Henan Zhongyan Bio-New Materials Co., Ltd., with a specification of 30 mm. The initiator was purchased from Xi'an Qiyue Biotechnology Co., Ltd. as an ATRP initiator; Phospholipase A 1 , specification is 2mg / mL.

[0028] Preparation examples of raw materials and / or intermediates Preparation Example 1 A phospholipase functional material is prepared by the following method: S1. Take a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and distilled water, add biochar raw materials to ultrasonic dispersion, then add 25% by mass ammonia water and ethyl orthosilicate to stir and react, and obtain pretreated biochar after filtering, washing and drying; S2, dispersing the pretreated biochar in step S1 in an ethanol solution, adding an initiator to make its concentration in the ethanol solution 70 mg / mL, treating at 25°C for 6 hours, taking it out, and performing ATRP polymerization reaction with polymerization monomer methacrylamide glucose in DMF solvent at 60°C for 5 hours, adding sodium periodate after the reaction, suspending in dark for 5 hours, filtering, and washing with methanol to obtain polymer-modified pretreated biochar; S3. Mix the polymer-modified pretreated biochar obtained in step S2 with the phospholipase solution, perform suspension treatment, and then take out to obtain a phospholipase functional material.

[0029] Note: In the above operation, in step S1, the ratio of biochar raw material, anhydrous ethanol, distilled water, ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1g:45mL:5mL:2.5mL:2mL, the stirring reaction temperature is 25°C, and the stirring reaction time is 11h. In step S2, the polymerized monomer methacrylamide glucose is 32.5% of the mass of the pretreated biochar. In step S3, the loading amount of phospholipase on the obtained phospholipase functional material is 55μg / mg.

[0030] Preparation Example 2 A phospholipase functional material is different from Preparation Example 1 in that, in step S1, the usage ratio of biochar raw material, anhydrous ethanol, distilled water, ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1g:40mL:4.5mL:2mL:1.8mL.

[0031] Preparation Example 3 A phospholipase functional material is different from Preparation Example 1 in that, in step S1, the usage ratio of biochar raw material, anhydrous ethanol, distilled water, ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1g:50mL:5.5mL:3mL:2.2mL.

[0032] Preparation Example 4 A phospholipase functional material, which is different from Preparation Example 1 in that, in step S1, the stirring reaction temperature is 20° C. and the stirring reaction time is 12 h.

[0033] Preparation Example 5 A phospholipase functional material, which is different from Preparation Example 1 in that, in step S1, the stirring reaction temperature is 30° C. and the stirring reaction time is 10 h.

[0034] Preparation Example 6 A phospholipase functional material, which is different from Preparation Example 1 in that, in step S2, the polymerized monomer methacrylamide glucose is 30% of the mass of the pretreated biochar.

[0035] Preparation Example 7 A phospholipase functional material, which is different from Preparation Example 1 in that, in step S2, the polymerized monomer methacrylamide glucose is 35% of the mass of the pretreated biochar.

[0036] Preparation Example 8 A phospholipase functional material, which is different from Preparation Example 1 in that, in step S3, the loading amount of phospholipase on the obtained phospholipase functional material is 50 μg / mg.

[0037] Preparation Example 9 A phospholipase functional material, which is different from Preparation Example 1 in that, in step S3, the loading amount of phospholipase on the obtained phospholipase functional material is 60 μg / mg.

[0038] Example 1 A waste grease treatment process comprises the following steps: (1) Water and impurity coarse separation: After the waste oil raw material is heated to 85°C, it is pumped into a three-phase horizontal spiral centrifuge for spiral centrifugal separation to obtain the oil phase material; (2) Adsorption removal: After heating the oil phase material obtained in step (1) to 120° C., 2% by weight of a composite adsorbent is added and stirred, and then filtered to complete solid-liquid separation to obtain a decontaminated oil phase material; (3) Degumming treatment: add 10% by weight of water to the degummed oil phase material obtained in step (2), and then add the phospholipase functional material. After the reaction is completed, let it stand, drain the lower aqueous phase and the middle turbid layer, and separate by sedimentation to obtain the pretreated oil phase material; (4) Vacuum drying: vacuum drying the pretreated oil phase material obtained in step (3) by flash evaporation at an absolute pressure of 6 kPa and a temperature of 120° C. to obtain a dried oil phase material; (5) Distillation treatment: The dried oil phase material obtained in step (4) is distilled in a distillation tower to obtain an oil phase product.

[0039] Note: In the above operation, in the adsorption and degumming of step (2), the composite adsorbent is composed of activated clay and activated carbon, and the weight ratio of activated clay to activated carbon is 4:1. In the degumming treatment of step (3), the amount of phospholipase functional material added is 8% of the mass of the oil phase material after degumming, the reaction temperature is 50°C, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH is 5, and the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 1. In the distillation treatment, the invention patent application with publication number CN119101563A is used to process the whole process of waste oil and fat to prepare high-quality industrial oil and fat. The operation mode of the double distillation towers in series recorded in the specification is the same except for the following specific operations. The specific operations are as follows: the oil phase material is fed into the middle of the distillation tower T1, the feed temperature is 180°C, the bottom material of the kettle is circulated and heated to 210°C through the falling film reboiler at the bottom of the tower, the vaporized material in the tower passes through the lower and upper fillers, and the temperature is 130°C after passing through the built-in internal reflux condenser at the top of the tower. After passing through the condenser, the sulfur-rich, For the light component materials of metal ions, the vacuum degree at the top of distillation tower T1 is 6kPaA, and the vacuum degree at the bottom is 7kPaA; the materials that have undergone the first de-lightening are transported to distillation tower T2, and the feeding position is the bottom of distillation tower T2. The bottom materials of distillation tower T2 are heated by the falling film reboiler at the bottom of the tower and then returned to the bottom of the tower. The top gas phase is collected by an external condenser to obtain the finished product materials with qualified key indicators of sulfur, chlorine and metal ions. The bottom of distillation tower T2 continuously outputs the bottom concentrated materials rich in sulfur and metal ions. The bottom temperature of distillation tower T2 is 230℃, the vacuum degree at the top is 2kPaA, and the vacuum degree at the bottom is 3kPaA.

[0040] Example 2 A waste grease treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that in the adsorption and decontamination in step (2), the composite adsorbent is composed of activated clay and activated carbon, and the weight ratio of the activated clay to the activated carbon is 3.5:1.

[0041] Example 3 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that in the adsorption and decontamination in step (2), the composite adsorbent is composed of activated clay and activated carbon, and the weight ratio of the activated clay to the activated carbon is 4.5:1.

[0042] Example 4 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that, in the degumming treatment of step (3), the amount of phospholipase functional material added is 7.5% of the mass of the oil phase material after degumming.

[0043] Example 5 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that, in the degumming treatment of step (3), the amount of phospholipase functional material added is 8.5% of the mass of the oil phase material after degumming.

[0044] Example 6 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that in the degumming treatment of step (3), the reaction temperature is 48° C., the reaction time is 5 h, and the reaction pH value is 4.8.

[0045] Example 7 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that in the degumming treatment of step (3), the reaction temperature is 52° C., the reaction time is 3 h, and the reaction pH value is 5.2.

[0046] Example 8 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 2.

[0047] Example 9 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 3.

[0048] Example 10 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 4.

[0049] Embodiment 11 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 5.

[0050] Example 12 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 6.

[0051] Example 13 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 7.

[0052] Embodiment 14 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 8.

[0053] Embodiment 15 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is obtained from Preparation Example 9.

[0054] Comparative Example 1 A waste oil treatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the phospholipase functional material is replaced by the phospholipase raw material loaded thereon, and the amount of phospholipase used in the degumming treatment in Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is the same.

[0055] Performance testing Test sample: Commercially available crude soybean oil with a phosphorus content of 165.5 mg / kg Test method: The above-mentioned crude soybean oil was treated using the waste oil treatment process in Examples 1-15 and Comparative Example 1. After the degumming process was completed, the phosphorus content of the pre-treated oil phase material was measured. Determination of phosphorus content: refer to the molybdenum blue colorimetric method in GB 5537-2008 "Determination of phospholipid content in grain and oil inspection". The lower the phosphorus content obtained by the test, the better the effect of the degumming treatment and the higher the phospholipid removal rate. The test results are recorded in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1 Application test results of Example 1-Example 15 and Comparative Example 1 Waste grease treatment process Phosphorus content (mg / kg) Example 1 3.16 Example 2 3.28 Example 3 3.22 Example 4 3.26 Example 5 3.20 Example 6 3.24 Example 7 3.25 Example 8 3.29 Example 9 3.21 Example 10 3.19 Embodiment 11 3.30 Example 12 3.23 Embodiment 13 3.31 Embodiment 14 3.27 Embodiment 15 3.32 Comparative Example 1 7.15 Combining Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 with Table 1, it can be seen that the present application uses a specially prepared phospholipase functional material in the degumming process, and by carrying out load protection on the phospholipase, even if local temperature changes and pH changes occur during the degumming process, the phospholipase can also show a higher enzyme activity, thereby obtaining a higher phospholipid removal rate, and the phosphorus content obtained by the above test is significantly lower; and if the phospholipase raw material is directly used in the degumming process, it is found that the phosphorus content obtained by the test is significantly higher, indicating that the expression of the enzyme activity of the phospholipase is not as excellent as the phospholipase on the phospholipase functional material. It can be seen that the phospholipase functional material used in the present application is conducive to improving the overall treatment quality of waste oils and fats.

[0057] Combining Example 1 and Examples 4-7 with Table 1, it can be seen that in the degumming treatment of step (3), the amount of the phospholipase functional material added is 7.5-8.5% of the mass of the oil phase material after degumming, and the reaction temperature is controlled to be 48-52°C, the reaction time is 3-5h, and the reaction pH value is 4.8-5.2, all of which can ensure that the phospholipase on the phospholipase functional material can express a high and stable enzyme activity, thereby being able to obtain a high phospholipid removal rate, and exerting a relatively excellent and stable effect.

[0058] It can be seen from Example 1 and Examples 8-15 and Table 1 that in the preparation of the phospholipase functional material, in step S1, the amount ratio of biochar raw material, anhydrous ethanol, distilled water, ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1g: (40-50) mL: (4.5-5.5) mL: (2-3) mL: (1.8-2.2) mL, the stirring reaction temperature is 20-30°C, and the stirring reaction time is 10-12h; in step S2, the polymerized monomer methacrylamide glucose is 30%-35% of the mass of the pretreated biochar; in step S3, the loading amount of phospholipase on the obtained phospholipase functional material is 50-60 μg / mg; all of the above can make the final phospholipase functional material stably loaded with phospholipase, and effectively protect the phospholipase, and the activity expression of the phospholipase is also stable and excellent, so as to exert a relatively excellent corresponding effect during the application process.

[0059] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste oil treatment process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Water and impurity separation: The waste oil raw material is heated and then spirally centrifuged to obtain the oil phase material; (2) Adsorption and impurity removal: After heating the oil phase material obtained in step (1), a composite adsorbent is added and stirred, and then filtered to complete solid-liquid separation to obtain an oil phase material after impurity removal; (3) Degumming treatment: adding water to the degummed oil phase material obtained in step (2), heating it, and then adding the phospholipase functional material. After the reaction is completed, the reaction is allowed to stand, the lower aqueous phase and the middle turbid layer are drained, and the pretreated oil phase material is obtained by sedimentation separation. (4) Vacuum drying: vacuum drying the pretreated oil phase material obtained in step (3) to obtain a dried oil phase material; (5) distillation treatment: the dried oil phase material obtained in step (4) is distilled in a distillation tower to obtain an oil phase product; The phospholipase functional material is prepared by the following method: S1. Take a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and distilled water, add biochar raw materials to the mixture for ultrasonic dispersion, then add ammonia water and ethyl orthosilicate to react by stirring, and obtain pretreated biochar after filtering, washing and drying; S2, dispersing the pretreated biochar in step S1 in an ethanol solution, adding an initiator for treatment, taking it out, and performing ATRP polymerization reaction with a polymerization monomer, methacrylamide glucose, adding sodium periodate after the reaction, suspending it in a dark place, filtering it, and washing it with methanol to obtain polymer-modified pretreated biochar; S3. Mix the polymer-modified pretreated biochar obtained in step S2 with the phospholipase solution, perform suspension treatment, and then take out to obtain a phospholipase functional material.

2. The waste oil treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of the phospholipase functional material, in step S1, the usage ratio of the biochar raw material, anhydrous ethanol, distilled water, ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1 g: (40-50) mL: (4.5-5.5) mL: (2-3) mL: (1.8-2.2) mL.

3. The waste oil treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of the phospholipase functional material, in step S1, the stirring reaction temperature is 20-30° C., and the stirring reaction time is 10-12 h.

4. The waste oil treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of the phospholipase functional material, in step S2, the polymerized monomer methacrylamide glucose is 30%-35% of the mass of the pretreated biochar.

5. The waste oil and fat treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of the phospholipase functional material, in step S3, the loading amount of phospholipase on the obtained phospholipase functional material is 50-60 μg / mg.

6. The waste oil and fat treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the adsorption and decontamination of step (2), the composite adsorbent is composed of activated clay and activated carbon, and the weight ratio of activated clay to activated carbon is (3.5-4.5):

1.

7. The waste oil and fat treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the degumming treatment of step (3), the amount of phospholipase functional material added is 7.5-8.5% of the mass of the oil phase material after degumming.

8. The waste oil treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the degumming treatment of step (3), the reaction temperature is 48-52° C., the reaction time is 3-5 h, and the reaction pH value is 4.8-5.2.