Drilling and sealing anchor rods, drilling intelligent monitoring system and integrated intelligent construction method

Abstract

A drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod, an intelligent drilling monitoring system, and an integrated intelligent construction method. The anchor rod comprises, from the head to the tail, a first corrugated thread section, a middle large thread section, and a final corrugated thread section, with a grouting channel provided at the axis. A PDC drill bit and a round nut are mounted on the head and tail of the rod body, respectively. An anti-shear tray, a torque-fixing plate, and a hexagonal nut are sleeved on the outside of the final corrugated thread section. A built-in mixer is inserted into the grouting channel. System: The drilling rig is sleeved onto the outside of the hexagonal nut via a machine-rod connector. A vibration sensor is mounted on the machine-rod connector. A monitoring sensor group is mounted on the drilling rig. Method: The drilling rig is used to drive the PDC drill bit in forward rotation to perform drilling operations and simultaneously perform slag removal. The drilling rig is used to reverse the rotation for pre-tightening. The built-in mixer is used for grouting operations, and a sealing treatment is performed. The anchor rod can achieve drilling, hole sealing, and grouting operations in an integrated manner. The system and method are conducive to improving drilling efficiency and can effectively improve the construction efficiency of support construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of intelligent support technology, and specifically relates to a drilling and sealing anchor rod, a drilling intelligent monitoring system and an integrated intelligent construction method. Background Art

[0002] Intelligentization is a key development direction for the coal mining industry. With the continuous advancement of coal mining technology, the level of intelligentization in coal mining has achieved significant breakthroughs in the mining process, far surpassing that of tunneling. However, in coal mining tunneling, the support process remains the most labor-intensive, complex, and least consistent step. This process, in particular, relies heavily on manual operation and has a low degree of automation. This situation severely restricts the development of intelligent and automated coal mining. Therefore, exploring new anchor bolt technologies and promoting the automation and intelligent upgrade of support processes are crucial to promoting the intelligent transformation of the entire coal mining industry.

[0003] To achieve automated and rapid installation during the support process, several new anchor bolt technologies have emerged. However, their structures and installation methods still present some challenges. For example, some anchor bolts cannot be grouted during construction, and the grouting process cannot be effectively sealed. Furthermore, the sealing devices and conventional anchor bolt trays used at the tail of other anchor bolts can easily shear the bolt body, which can easily cause the bolt to be sheared. Therefore, further innovation and optimization of existing anchor bolt structures and installation methods are urgently needed to meet the needs of intelligent and automated production in coal mines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a drilling and sealing anchor rod, a drilling intelligent monitoring system and an integrated intelligent construction method. The anchor rod has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost and reliable support capability, and can realize drilling, hole sealing and hole grouting reinforcement operations in an integrated manner, which can not only effectively solve the slurry sealing problem in the surrounding rock grouting reinforcement, but also effectively reduce the shear force of the tray on the rod body. At the same time, it can intuitively judge whether the preload force meets the required requirements, effectively ensure the strength and support effect of the support, and provide reliable technical guarantee for the stable control of the surrounding rock. The system is highly intelligent and can analyze and judge the operating status of the drill bit, the structure and differences of the drilling medium through online real-time monitoring, which is beneficial to improving drilling efficiency and ensuring the safety of drilling operations. The construction process of this method is simple and convenient, and highly intelligent. It only requires the forward and reverse rotation of the drilling rig to achieve drilling and pre-tightening operations. At the same time, it can change the sealing method of the slurry in the anchor grouting function, which can effectively improve the construction efficiency of the support construction and significantly improve the support effect. It has a wide range of applicability and is convenient for large-scale application in various types of engineering support.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod, comprising a rod body, a PDC drill bit, an anti-shear tray, a fixed torque pressing plate, a hexagonal nut, a round nut and a built-in mixer;

[0006] The shaft of the rod body has an axially extending grouting channel, and its outer surface has a continuous thread structure, which is divided into a first wave thread section, a middle large thread section, and a last wave thread section from the beginning to the end; wherein the outer diameters of the first wave thread section and the last wave thread section are both smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large thread section; a front spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the first wave thread section; and a rear spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the middle large thread section;

[0007] The PDC drill bit is installed at the head end of the rod body, and the head end of the PDC drill bit has a drill bit outlet connected to the grouting channel; at the same time, the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit is larger than the outer diameter of the first section of the corrugated thread section and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle section of the large thread section.

[0008] The central anchor hole of the anti-shear tray is a tubular structure that protrudes axially and has a continuously tapering inner and outer diameters. The inner diameter of the anchor hole is larger than the outer diameter of the last wave-threaded section and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large threaded section. The anti-shear tray is slidably mounted on the outside of the last wave-threaded section through the anchor hole.

[0009] The fixed-torsion pressure piece is in the shape of a hollow flat-bottomed spherical crown, and a mounting hole is opened in the center of its top; the fixed-torsion pressure piece is slidably mounted on the outside of the terminal corrugated thread section through the mounting hole, and is closer to the end of the rod body than the anti-shear tray;

[0010] The hexagonal nut is fitted onto the outside of the final wave thread section through threaded engagement, with the fixed torque pressing piece being close to the end of the rod body;

[0011] The circular nut is coaxially fixed and welded to the end of the rod body, and its internal thread cavity is smoothly connected to the grouting channel;

[0012] The main body of the built-in mixer is a rod-shaped structure, and an external thread structure that is compatible with the circular nut is provided on the outer surface; an axially penetrating mixing chamber is provided at the axis center of the built-in mixer, and a partition grid for dividing the radial space of the mixing chamber is fixedly installed inside the mixing chamber; the built-in mixer is connected to the inside of the circular nut through threaded fitting, and its head end extends into the grouting channel.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to ensure the overall bearing strength of the anchor rod and to ensure the later support effect, the lengths of the first wave thread section, the middle large thread section and the last wave thread section account for 3 / 5, 1 / 5 and 1 / 5 of the rod length respectively.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the external fixing sleeve at the end of the built-in mixer is provided with an annular limiting boss; the built-in mixer is made of nylon and is manufactured by grouting molding.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to improve drilling efficiency, the PDC drill bit is a three-wing drill bit.

[0016] Furthermore, in order to achieve stress homogenization and ensure the support effect during long-term use, the parts of the edges of the anti-shear tray and the parts of its anchor holes are transitionally connected through a variable diameter section, and 5 to 8 longitudinal ribs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the variable diameter section.

[0017] The frequency converter is faster and more accurate, so it is more convenient to use PDC drill bit than PDC drill bit. Furthermore, the largest outer diameter of the middle large thread section can be used to expand the hole. At the same time, the outer edge of the middle large thread section can be fully fitted with the hole wall to achieve a dense sealing effect on the hole. In this way, during the pumping grouting process, the middle large thread section can be used to effectively seal the slurry to prevent slurry leakage and maintain pressure, which is conducive to the continuous injection of slurry to extend more efficiently into the depths of the surrounding rock cracks and significantly improve the filling effect, thereby achieving an effective reinforcement effect. The PDC drill bit is provided with a drill outlet connected to the grouting channel in the rod body to facilitate subsequent grouting operations. The anchor hole of the anti-shear tray is formed into a continuously tapering tubular structure, and the diameter of the anchor hole is larger than the outer diameter of the terminal corrugated thread section. This allows the rod to have a certain amount of free space for swinging during construction. As a result, the angle of the anchor hole can be adjusted to match the bending angle of the rod by rotating the tray during drilling, thereby leaving a certain amount of room for movement for the rod. This can effectively reduce the shear force of the anti-shear tray on the rod, effectively protecting the rod. At the same time, this structure can evenly spread the stress borne by the anchor hole to the edges of the anti-shear tray during the support process, and act on the rock surface at the hole mouth, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the anti-shear tray and achieving stress equalization. Since the fixed torque pressure plate can reach a flattened state under the action of a set preload pressure, the fixed torque pressure plate is provided on the end side of the anti-shear tray to intuitively determine whether the applied preload pressure has reached the set preload pressure, thereby facilitating intuitive monitoring of the anchor rod preload force.A round nut is fixedly welded at the end of the rod body, and the threaded cavity of the round nut is smoothly connected to the grouting channel of the rod body. At the same time, a hexagonal nut is arranged between the fixed torque pressure plate and the round nut. On the one hand, the round nut can be used to effectively prevent the hexagonal nut from retreating, and plays a locking role on the rear stroke of the hexagonal nut. In this way, when the drilling rig uses the clockwise rotating machine rod connector to drive the hexagonal nut to rotate, the round nut can resist and limit the hexagonal nut that has reached the maximum retreat stroke. In this way, when the drilling rig continues to rotate, the torque can be applied to the rod. The body and PDC drill bit are used to achieve drilling operations. In addition, after the rod body is anchored, the reverse drilling rig can be used to drive the hexagonal nut to reverse, thereby achieving the pre-tightening function of the fixed torque pressure plate and anti-shear tray. This design method realizes the dual functions of forward drilling and reverse pre-tightening of the drilling rig, which not only reduces the intermediate operation process, but also significantly improves construction efficiency and ensures the stability and reliability of the anchor installation process. On the other hand, the built-in mixer with an external thread structure can be firmly assembled on the inner side of the rod end by cooperating with the internal thread structure of the circular nut. The internal structure of the built-in mixer is provided with a mixing chamber, and a partition grid is provided in the mixing chamber. The synergistic effect of the partition grid and the grouting pressure can be fully utilized during the grouting process to crush large particles again, and the mixed slurry can be mixed twice, so that the slurry is mixed more thoroughly, greatly increasing the slurry permeability. While preventing slurry blockage, it can also help the slurry fill deeper cracks.

[0018] The anchor rod has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost and reliable support capability. It can realize drilling, hole sealing and hole grouting reinforcement operations in an integrated manner. It not only effectively solves the slurry sealing problem in surrounding rock grouting reinforcement, but also effectively reduces the shear force of the tray on the rod body. At the same time, it can intuitively judge whether the preload force meets the required requirements, effectively ensuring the strength and support effect of the support, and providing reliable technical guarantee for the stable control of the surrounding rock.

[0019] The present invention also provides an intelligent drilling monitoring system, which uses a drilling and sealing anchor rod, and also includes a machine-rod connector, a drilling rig, a monitoring sensor group, and a multi-parameter monitoring device while drilling. The multi-parameter monitoring device while drilling includes a vibration sensor and a host.

[0020] The outer diameter of the circular nut is smaller than the outer diameter of the hexagonal nut;

[0021] The front end axis of the machine rod connector is provided with an inner hexagonal connecting hole, and the rear end axis thereof is fixedly connected to an outer hexagonal connecting head, and the size of the inner hexagonal connecting hole is adapted to the size of the hexagonal nut, and the depth of the inner hexagonal connecting hole is adapted to the length of the terminal wave thread segment; the front end of the machine rod connector is fitted onto the outside of the terminal wave thread segment through the inner hexagonal connecting hole, and then fitted onto the outside of the hexagonal nut;

[0022] The size of the inner hexagonal mounting hole at the front end of the drilling rig matches the size of the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector, and the drilling rig is sleeved on the outside of the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector through the inner hexagonal mounting hole;

[0023] The monitoring sensor group is installed on the drilling rig and is used to collect the drilling rig's rotation speed signal, torque signal, push pressure signal, drilling angle signal and drilling speed signal;

[0024] The vibration sensor is installed on the machine rod connecting head and is used to collect vibration signals;

[0025] The host is connected to the monitoring sensor group and the vibration sensor respectively, and is used to analyze and process the received signals and judge the operating status of the PDC drill bit and the integrity of the surrounding rock.

[0026] As a preference, the host is connected to a storage chip, and the storage chip is used to store data.

[0027] In the present invention, since the rod body and the rod connector vibrate at the same frequency during drilling, installing a vibration sensor on the rod connector facilitates determining the operating status of the PDC drill bit through the collected vibration signals, thereby enabling timely detection of abnormal operating conditions. By installing a monitoring sensor group on the drilling rig that uses speed signals, torque signals, thrust pressure signals, drilling angle signals, and drilling speed signals, the collected vibration signals can be combined to comprehensively determine and identify rock formation changes and surrounding rock fracture development. This allows for real-time determination of parameters such as the strength, integrity, and stress state of each point in the rock formation, allowing for the selection of appropriate countermeasures when an anomaly occurs. This enables intelligent monitoring of the drilling process and intelligent analysis of the surrounding rock state, and can prevent related problems in tunnel support in advance. The system is highly intelligent and can analyze and determine the operating status of the drill bit, the structure of the drilling medium, and differences through online real-time monitoring, which is beneficial for improving drilling efficiency and ensuring the safety of drilling operations.

[0028] The present invention also provides a drilling, sealing and grouting integrated rapid construction method, which uses a drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod and specifically includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Select the planned construction location on the rock surface;

[0030] Step 2: Sleeve the front end of the machine rod connector onto the outside of the final wave thread section through the inner hexagonal connecting hole, and then onto the outside of the hexagonal nut. Then, insert the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector into the inner hexagonal mounting hole of the drilling rig. Then, install the vibration sensor on the machine rod connector and the monitoring sensor group on the drilling rig. Establish a connection between the host and the monitoring sensor group and the vibration sensor in the multi-parameter monitoring instrument while drilling. Use the drilling rig, the monitoring sensor group, the multi-parameter monitoring instrument while drilling, and the drill-sealing anchor bolt to form an intelligent drilling monitoring system.

[0031] Step 3: Use the drill to drive the rod connector to rotate, and simultaneously drive the hexagonal nut to rotate clockwise until it reaches the end of the rod and contacts the round nut;

[0032] Step 4: Use the round nut to rear-limit lock the hexagonal nut, continue to drive the hexagonal nut to rotate through the drilling rig, so that the torque is transmitted to the rod body and PDC drill bit through the hexagonal nut, and then synchronously drive the rod body and PDC drill bit to rotate at high speed, and use the high-speed rotating PDC drill bit to perform drilling operations. In this process, the large coal and rock masses in the direction of travel are crushed by the efficient cutting performance of the PDC drill bit. At the same time, the formed slag and debris enter the front spiral slag discharge channel, and under the action of the clockwise rotation of the rod body, they are brought out of the hole along the front spiral slag discharge channel, realizing the preliminary drilling slag and chip removal operations;

[0033] As the drilling operation continues, the rod body drills deeper and deeper into the hole. When the first wave-threaded section completely enters the hole, the drilling rig speed is reduced, and the middle large threaded section is driven to slowly enter the hole. At the same time, the slag and debris discharged from the front spiral slag discharge channel enter the rear spiral slag discharge channel, and under the action of the clockwise rotation of the rod body, continue to be carried out of the hole mouth along the rear spiral channel, thus realizing the subsequent drilling slag and chip removal operations;

[0034] When the middle large thread section completely enters the hole, continue to apply torque through the drilling rig until the end of the middle large thread section completely enters the hole mouth, stop drilling, and control the drilling rig to reverse, so that the machine rod connector synchronously drives the hexagonal nut to rotate in the opposite direction close to the fixed torque pressure piece. During the reverse rotation of the hexagonal nut, gradually push the fixed torque pressure piece in the direction of the anti-shear tray, and make the head end of the fixed torque pressure piece compacted to the end of the anti-shear tray. Continue to apply torque to make the fixed torque pressure piece continue to deform until it reaches the set preload state when it reaches the flattened state. Stop applying torque, remove the drilling rig, and complete the installation of the drill-sealed anchor rod.

[0035] At the same time, the vibration sensor is used to collect vibration signals in real time and send them to the host. The monitoring sensor is used to collect the speed signal, torque signal, push pressure signal, drilling angle signal and drilling speed signal of the drill in real time and send them to the host. The host obtains vibration data, speed data, torque data, push pressure data, drilling angle data and drilling speed data based on the vibration signal, speed signal, torque signal, push pressure signal, drilling angle signal and drilling speed signal. The host determines whether the drill is stuck or jumped based on the continuous change of the push pressure data. At the same time, when it is determined that the drill is stuck or jumped, the display screen connected to it will display the abnormal reminder information of the drill being stuck or jumped. The host obtains the rod body and the drill according to the vibration data and speed data. The main engine obtains the power data of the drilling rig based on the torque data; the main engine obtains the drilling inclination angle of the rod body and PDC drill bit based on the drilling angle data, and when the drilling inclination angle deviates from the set motion trajectory, a track deviation abnormality reminder message is displayed on the display screen connected to it; at the same time, the main engine combines vibration data, speed data, torque data, push pressure data, drilling angle data and drilling speed data to analyze and process the rock formation conditions, and obtain rock formation distribution data, so as to understand the distribution of rock formations in real time during the drilling process and judge the integrity of the surrounding rock; during the drilling process, the main engine adaptively adjusts the speed and power of the drilling rig based on the rock formation distribution data to achieve efficient and safe drilling operations;

[0036] Step 5: Stir the slurry fully to ensure that the uniformity and fluidity of the slurry meet the grouting requirements; connect the grouting pipe to the end of the built-in mixer, and use the grouting pump to allow the slurry to pass through the grouting pipe into the mixing chamber of the built-in mixer. Under the action of the partition grid, the slurry is further mixed evenly in the mixing chamber, and then transported to the drill bit outlet through the grouting channel. Then, it enters the deep part of the hole from the drill bit outlet. In this process, the grouting amount is controlled according to the integrity of the surrounding rock. At the same time, the outer edge surface of the middle large threaded section in close contact with the hole wall is used to maintain the grouting pressure, so that the continuously entering slurry first fills the entire hole, and then gradually enters the deep cracks under the action of maintaining pressure, thereby effectively sealing the cracks; when the grouting pressure suddenly increases, stop the grouting operation, remove the grouting pipe, and then seal the end of the built-in mixer.

[0037] As a preference, in step five, gauze is used as a blocking material to block the end of the built-in mixer.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to prevent the remaining slurry from solidifying and clogging the pipe, in step five, after removing the grouting pipe, the grouting pipe is cleaned with clean water.

[0039] The present invention improves the existing anchor rod technology and proposes an integrated rapid construction method of drilling, sealing and grouting. First, the structural design of the anchor rod is optimized. The adopted drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod is composed of a complete rod body, wherein the drill bit, rod body, anti-shear tray, fixed torque pressure plate, hexagonal nut, built-in mixer and round nut are an integrated equipment structure. During construction, no additional trays and locks are required after the drilling is completed. After the drilling is completed, the anchoring agent can be directly injected for anchor pre-tightening. The drilling and pre-tightening process can be achieved only by the forward and reverse rotation of the drilling rig, which effectively reduces the construction process. At the same time, there is no need to perform rod connection operation during the construction process, which simplifies the construction steps and reduces the process. In this way, not only the construction efficiency is improved, but also the quality problems that may be caused by improper rod connection are reduced. Since the number of connection points can be reduced during construction, the stability and reliability of the overall structure can be effectively enhanced, ensuring the support effect. The ease of operation during the use of this anchor rod also reduces the complexity of on-site management and maintenance, making construction more efficient and economical. Secondly, the present invention adopts the drilling function combined with the integrated technology of pumping and grouting, which not only effectively solves the slurry blocking problem in the surrounding rock grouting reinforcement, but also ensures the homogenization of the surrounding rock stress on the anchor rod through the innovative anti-shear tray and fixed torque pressure plate design, which can effectively prevent the anchor rod from shearing and effectively ensure the support effect of the anchor rod. Furthermore, the present invention combines the multi-parameter measuring instrument equipment with drilling, and by monitoring the parameters such as the drilling rig speed, drill bit torque, anchor rod propulsion force, and drill rod vibration state, it can intelligently judge the operating status of the monitored object and further infer the cause of this operating status, which helps to distinguish the differences in the drilling medium during the drilling process of the anchor drilling rig, and can effectively judge the internal integrity of the surrounding rock, and ultimately achieve the purpose of identifying the rock formation, so that the grouting volume can be accurately controlled. Therefore, through intelligent monitoring, better decisions can be made to deal with emergencies, and the reliability of the support effect and construction efficiency are significantly improved. Through these innovations, the present invention can achieve efficient and intelligent operation of the support process, and promote the coal mining industry to a higher level of intelligent development.

[0040] The construction process of this method is simple, convenient and highly intelligent. It only requires the forward and reverse rotation of the drilling rig to achieve drilling and pre-tightening operations. At the same time, it changes the slurry sealing method in the anchor grouting function, effectively improving the construction efficiency of the support construction. At the same time, it significantly improves the support effect. It has a wide range of applicability and is easy to be used in large-scale applications in various types of engineering supports. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the intelligent drilling monitoring system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the state of grouting operation in the intelligent construction method of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the drill-seal-injection anchor rod in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the PDC drill bit of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-shear tray of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed-torsion pressing piece in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the built-in mixer in the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1. Rod body; 11. First section of corrugated thread section; 12. Middle section of large thread section; 13. Last section of corrugated thread section; 2. PDC drill bit; 21. Drill bit slurry outlet; 3. Anti-shear tray; 31. Anchor hole; 4. Fixed torque pressing plate; 5. Hexagonal nut; 6. Round nut; 7. Built-in mixer; 71. Separation grid; 72. Annular limit boss; 8. Multi-parameter monitoring while drilling; 81. Vibration sensor; 82. Main machine; 9. Drilling rig; 91. Drill rod connector; 10. Grouting pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides a drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod, comprising a rod body 1, a PDC drill bit 2, an anti-shear tray 3, a fixed torque pressing plate 4, a hexagonal nut 5, a round nut 6 and a built-in mixer 7;

[0051] The axis of the rod body 1 has an axially extending grouting channel, and its outer surface has a continuous thread structure, and is divided into a first wave thread section 11, a middle large thread section 12, and a final wave thread section 13 from the head end to the tail end; wherein, the thread structure between the first wave thread section 11 and the middle large thread section 12 has a smooth transition, and the thread structure between the middle large thread section 12 and the final wave thread section 13 has a smooth transition; the outer diameter of the first wave thread section 11 and the outer diameter of the final wave thread section 13 are both smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large thread section 12;; a front spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the first wave thread section 11; and a rear spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the middle large thread section 12;

[0052] The frequency converter is faster and more rapid than that of the PDC drill bit, which has a large influence on the drill bit's operation and the drill bit's driving ability.

[0053] The portion of the central anchor hole 31 of the anti-shear tray 3 is a tubular structure that protrudes axially and has a continuously tapered inner and outer diameters. The inner diameter of the anchor hole 31 is larger than the outer diameter of the last wave-threaded section 13 and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large wave-threaded section 12. The anti-shear tray 3 is slidably mounted on the outside of the last wave-threaded section 13 through the anchor hole 31. The anchor hole 31 is a continuously tapered tubular structure, and the diameter of the anchor hole 31 is larger than the outer diameter of the last wave-threaded section 13, so that the rod body 1 can have a certain amount of free space for swinging during construction, so that the angle of the anchor hole 31 can be adjusted to match the bending angle of the rod body 1 by rotating the tray during the drilling process, thereby leaving a certain amount of activity space for the rod body 1, effectively reducing the shear force of the anti-shear tray 3 on the rod body 1, and effectively protecting the rod body 1.

[0054] The fixed torsion pressing piece 4 is in the shape of a hollow flat-bottomed spherical crown, and a mounting hole is opened in the center of its top; the fixed torsion pressing piece 4 is slidably mounted on the outside of the terminal wave thread section 13 through the mounting hole, and is closer to the end of the rod body 1 than the anti-shear tray 3; the fixed torsion pressing piece 4 will deform under the action of torque, and when the preload force reaches the set preload pressure, it will reach a flattened state. The flattened state can be used to intuitively judge whether the applied preload force has reached the set preload pressure, thereby facilitating intuitive monitoring of the preload force of the anchor rod;

[0055] The hexagonal nut 5 is fitted onto the outside of the final wave thread section 13 through threaded engagement, and the fixed torque pressing piece 4 is closer to the end of the rod body 1;

[0056] The circular nut 6 is coaxially fixed and welded to the end of the rod body 1, and its internal thread cavity is smoothly connected to the grouting channel; the circular nut 6 can effectively prevent the hexagonal nut 5 from retreating, and plays a locking role. Therefore, when the drill rig 9 uses the clockwise rotating machine rod connector 91 to drive the hexagonal nut 5 to rotate, the circular nut 6 can be used to resist the retreating hexagonal nut 6. In this way, when the drill rig 9 continues to rotate, the torque can be applied to the rod body 1 to achieve drilling operations. In addition, when the anchoring of the rod body 1 is completed, the reversed drill rig 9 can be used to drive the hexagonal nut 5 to achieve the pre-tightening function of the fixed torque pressure plate 4 and the anti-shear tray 3. This design realizes the dual functions of the drill rig 9 in forward drilling and reverse pre-tightening, thereby reducing the operation process, improving construction efficiency, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the anchor installation process.

[0057] The last wave thread section 13 in front of the circular nut 6 has a set length of movable space, which can provide the hexagonal nut 5 with sufficient movable space to facilitate connection with the drill 9, thereby facilitating the use of the drill 9 to drive the hexagonal nut 5;

[0058] The main body of the built-in mixer 7 is a rod-shaped structure, and an external thread structure that is compatible with the circular nut 6 is provided on the outer surface; an axially penetrating mixing chamber is provided at the axis of the built-in mixer 7, and a partition grid 71 is fixedly installed inside the mixing chamber to divide the radial space of the mixing chamber; the built-in mixer 7 is connected to the inside of the circular nut 6 by threaded engagement, and its head end extends into the grouting channel. The built-in mixer 7 automatically completes slurry mixing during pumping grouting. After drilling, the slurry is injected from the end of the rod body 1, uniformly mixed by the built-in mixer 7, and then flows out from the drill bit slurry outlet 21 of the PDC drill bit 2, ensuring that the slurry is evenly distributed throughout the entire hole wall, achieving full-length anchoring of the anchor rod and effective sealing of surrounding rock cracks.

[0059] In order to ensure the overall bearing strength of the anchor rod and to ensure the subsequent support effect, the lengths of the first wave thread section 11, the middle large thread section 12 and the last wave thread section 13 are 3 / 5, 1 / 5 and 1 / 5 of the length of the rod body 1 respectively. The first section of the corrugated thread section 11 is mainly used to ensure the strength of the rod body 1, and to discharge the generated slag and debris toward the hole mouth through the front section spiral slag discharge channel formed; the middle section large thread section 12 is used to discharge the slag and debris discharged from the front section spiral slag discharge channel toward the hole mouth through the rear section spiral slag discharge channel after the first section of the corrugated thread section 11 has entered the hole, so as to prevent the drill from getting stuck due to untimely slag or chip discharge. At the same time, the middle section large thread section 12 can use its own structure to expand the hole and fully fit into the hole wall to achieve the effect of densely sealing the hole. In this way, during the pumping grouting process, the middle section large thread section 12 can be used to effectively seal the slurry to prevent the slurry from leaking out, and can play a role in maintaining pressure, which is conducive to the continuous injection of slurry to extend more efficiently to the depth of the surrounding rock cracks, and can significantly improve the filling effect, thereby achieving an effective reinforcement effect.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, the end of the built-in mixer 7 is fixedly sleeved with an annular limiting boss 72. When the built-in mixer 7 is installed in the rod body 1 through the circular nut 6, the annular limiting boss 72 abuts against the end of the rod body 1 to play a limiting role. Preferably, the built-in mixer 7 is made of nylon and is made by grouting molding.

[0061] To improve drilling efficiency, the PDC drill bit 2 is a three-wing drill bit. The PDC drill bit 2 has excellent wear resistance and can quickly break rock, significantly improving drilling efficiency. This design of the PDC drill bit 2 provides uniform cutting force, ensuring stability during the drilling process. Furthermore, the PDC drill bit 2 has a hollow structure. During grouting after hole formation, slurry enters the inner cavity of the PDC drill bit 2 through the grouting channel in the rod body 1 and flows out of the drill bit's slurry outlet 2, ensuring that the slurry is evenly and continuously delivered to the hole, achieving a sufficient anchoring effect.

[0062] In order to improve the supporting effect, the parts of the edges of the anti-shear tray 3 and the parts of its anchor hole 31 are transitionally connected by a variable diameter section, and 5 to 8 longitudinal ribs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the variable diameter section. Specifically, an anti-shear tray 3 with a suitable number of longitudinal ribs can be selected according to the actual working conditions during construction. By setting up multiple longitudinal ribs, the stress can be evenly diffused to the edges of the anti-shear tray 3 during the support process, and act on the rock surface at the hole mouth, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the anti-shear tray 3. This not only helps to improve the stability and reliability of the support of the rod body 1, but also achieves stress equalization. As a preferred embodiment, the outer edge of the anti-shear tray 3 is circular, which can better evenly diffuse the stress borne by the tray to the periphery.

[0063] The frequency converter is faster and more accurate, so it is more convenient to use PDC drill bit than PDC drill bit. Furthermore, the largest outer diameter of the middle large thread section can be used to expand the hole. At the same time, the outer edge of the middle large thread section can be fully fitted with the hole wall to achieve a dense sealing effect on the hole. In this way, during the pumping grouting process, the middle large thread section can be used to effectively seal the slurry to prevent slurry leakage and maintain pressure, which is conducive to the continuous injection of slurry to extend more efficiently into the depths of the surrounding rock cracks and significantly improve the filling effect, thereby achieving an effective reinforcement effect. The PDC drill bit is provided with a drill outlet connected to the grouting channel in the rod body to facilitate subsequent grouting operations. The anchor hole of the anti-shear tray is formed into a continuously tapering tubular structure, and the diameter of the anchor hole is larger than the outer diameter of the terminal corrugated thread section. This allows the rod to have a certain amount of free space for swinging during construction. As a result, the angle of the anchor hole can be adjusted to match the bending angle of the rod by rotating the tray during drilling, thereby leaving a certain amount of room for movement for the rod. This can effectively reduce the shear force of the anti-shear tray on the rod, effectively protecting the rod. At the same time, this structure can evenly spread the stress borne by the anchor hole to the edges of the anti-shear tray during the support process, and act on the rock surface at the hole mouth, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the anti-shear tray and achieving stress equalization. Since the fixed torque pressure plate can reach a flattened state under the action of a set preload pressure, the fixed torque pressure plate is provided on the end side of the anti-shear tray to intuitively determine whether the applied preload pressure has reached the set preload pressure, thereby facilitating intuitive monitoring of the anchor rod preload force.A circular nut is fixedly welded at the end of the rod body, and the threaded cavity of the circular nut is smoothly connected to the grouting channel of the rod body. At the same time, a hexagonal nut is arranged between the fixed torque pressure plate and the circular nut. On the one hand, the circular nut can be used to effectively prevent the hexagonal nut from retreating, and play a locking role on the rear stroke of the hexagonal nut. In this way, when the drilling rig uses the clockwise rotating machine rod connector 91 to drive the hexagonal nut to rotate, the circular nut can resist and limit the hexagonal nut that has reached the maximum retreat stroke. In this way, when the drilling rig continues to rotate, the torque can be applied to The rod body and PDC drill bit are used to achieve drilling operations. In addition, after the rod body is anchored, the reverse drilling rig can be used to drive the hexagonal nut to reverse, thereby achieving the pre-tightening function of the fixed torque pressure plate and the anti-shear tray. This design method realizes the dual functions of forward drilling and reverse pre-tightening of the drilling rig, which not only reduces the intermediate operation process, but also significantly improves the construction efficiency and ensures the stability and reliability of the anchor installation process; on the other hand, the built-in mixer with an external thread structure can be firmly assembled on the inner side of the rod end by cooperating with the internal thread structure of the circular nut. A mixing chamber is provided inside the built-in mixer, and a partition grid is provided in the mixing chamber. During the grouting process, the synergistic effect of the partition grid and the grouting pressure can be fully utilized to crush large particles again, and the mixed slurry can be mixed twice, so that the slurry is mixed more fully, greatly increasing the slurry permeability. While preventing slurry blockage, it can also help the slurry fill deeper cracks.

[0064] The anchor rod has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost and reliable support capability. It can realize drilling, hole sealing and hole grouting reinforcement operations in an integrated manner. It not only effectively solves the slurry sealing problem in surrounding rock grouting reinforcement, but also effectively reduces the shear force of the tray on the rod body. At the same time, it can intuitively judge whether the preload force meets the required requirements, effectively ensuring the strength and support effect of the support, and providing reliable technical guarantee for the stable control of the surrounding rock.

[0065] The present invention also provides a drilling intelligent monitoring system, which uses a drilling and sealing anchor rod, including a machine rod connector 91, a drilling rig 9, a monitoring sensor group, and a multi-parameter monitoring device while drilling 8. The multi-parameter monitoring device while drilling 8 includes a vibration sensor 81 and a host 82;

[0066] The outer diameter of the circular nut 6 is smaller than the outer diameter of the hexagonal nut 5;

[0067] The front end axis of the machine rod connector 91 is provided with an inner hexagonal connecting hole, and the rear end axis thereof is fixedly connected to an outer hexagonal connecting head. The size of the inner hexagonal connecting hole is adapted to the size of the hexagonal nut 5, and the depth of the inner hexagonal connecting hole is adapted to the length of the terminal wave thread section 13. The front end of the machine rod connector 91 is fitted onto the outside of the terminal wave thread section 13 through the inner hexagonal connecting hole, and is then fitted onto the outside of the hexagonal nut 5.

[0068] The size of the inner hexagonal mounting hole at the front end of the drill 9 is adapted to the size of the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector 91, and the drill 9 is sleeved on the outside of the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector 91 through the inner hexagonal mounting hole;

[0069] The monitoring sensor group is installed on the drilling rig 9 and is used to collect the speed signal, torque signal, push pressure signal, drilling angle signal and drilling speed signal of the drilling rig 9; as a preferred embodiment, the monitoring sensor group includes a speed sensor, a torque sensor, a drilling pressure sensor, an inclination sensor and a drilling speed sensor, wherein the speed sensor is used to collect the speed signal, the torque sensor is used to collect the torque signal, the drilling pressure sensor is used to collect the push pressure signal, the inclination sensor is used to collect the drilling angle signal, and the drilling speed sensor is used to collect the drilling speed signal;

[0070] The vibration sensor 81 is mounted on the machine rod connector 91 and is used to collect vibration signals. Preferably, the vibration sensor 81 is a wireless vibration sensor.

[0071] The host computer 82 is connected to the monitoring sensor group and the vibration sensor 81 respectively, and is used to analyze and process the received signals and judge the operating status of the PDC drill bit 2 and the integrity of the surrounding rock.

[0072] Specifically, since the rod body 1 and the machine rod connector 91 vibrate at the same frequency during the drilling process, the operating status of the PDC drill bit 2 can be judged by the collected vibration signal. The operating status includes abnormal working conditions such as drill stuck and drill jumping, which can help to infer the cause of this operating status, further judge the differences in the medium during the drilling process, identify the changes in the rock formation and the development of surrounding rock cracks, and realize real-time judgment of parameters such as the strength, integrity, and stress state of each point in the rock formation, so that corresponding countermeasures can be selected. In this way, intelligent monitoring of the drilling process and intelligent analysis of the surrounding rock state can be realized, and related problems in the tunnel support can be prevented in advance. At the same time, the host 2 can also obtain the speed data of the drill rig 9, the torque data of the PDC drill bit 2, the propulsion force data of the anchor rod, the drilling angle data, the output power of the drill rig 9, the drilling rate data, the drilling depth data, etc. according to the speed signal, torque signal, push pressure signal, drilling angle signal and drilling speed signal, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the drilling process intelligently.

[0073] Preferably, the host computer 82 is connected to a memory chip for storing data. The data on the memory chip can also be transmitted to a data processing system for analysis and research, so that the data processing system can be used to determine the internal cracks and strength of the surrounding rock mass.

[0074] In the present invention, since the rod body and the rod connector vibrate at the same frequency during drilling, installing a vibration sensor on the rod connector facilitates determining the operating status of the PDC drill bit through the collected vibration signals, thereby enabling timely detection of abnormal operating conditions. By installing a monitoring sensor group on the drilling rig that uses speed signals, torque signals, thrust pressure signals, drilling angle signals, and drilling speed signals, the collected vibration signals can be combined to comprehensively determine and identify rock formation changes and surrounding rock fracture development. This allows for real-time determination of parameters such as the strength, integrity, and stress state of each point in the rock formation, allowing for the selection of appropriate countermeasures when an anomaly occurs. This enables intelligent monitoring of the drilling process and intelligent analysis of the surrounding rock state, and can prevent related problems in tunnel support in advance. The system is highly intelligent and can analyze and determine the operating status of the drill bit, the structure of the drilling medium, and differences through online real-time monitoring, which is beneficial for improving drilling efficiency and ensuring the safety of drilling operations.

[0075] The present invention also provides a drilling, sealing and grouting integrated rapid construction method, which uses a drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod and specifically includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: Select the planned construction location on the rock surface;

[0077] Step 2: The front end of the machine rod connector 91 is fitted onto the outside of the terminal corrugated thread section 13 through the inner hexagonal connecting hole, and then fitted onto the outside of the hexagonal nut 5. The outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector 91 is then inserted into the inner hexagonal mounting hole of the drilling rig 9. Then, the vibration sensor 81 is installed on the machine rod connector 91, and the monitoring sensor group is installed on the drilling rig 9. The connection between the host 82 of the drilling multi-parameter monitor 8 and the monitoring sensor group and the vibration sensor 81 is established. The drilling intelligent monitoring system is composed of the drilling rig 9, the monitoring sensor group, the drilling multi-parameter monitor 8, and the drilling and sealing anchor rod.

[0078] Step 3: Use the drill 9 to drive the rod connector 91 to rotate, and simultaneously drive the hexagonal nut 5 to rotate in a clockwise direction until it reaches the end of the rod body 1 and abuts against the circular nut 6;

[0079] Step 4: Use the round nut 6 to rear-limit lock the hexagonal nut 5, and continue to drive the hexagonal nut 5 to rotate through the drilling rig 9, so that the torque is transmitted to the rod body 1 and the PDC drill bit 2 through the hexagonal nut 5, and then synchronously drive the rod body 1 and the PDC drill bit 2 to rotate at high speed, and use the high-speed rotating PDC drill bit 2 to perform drilling operations. In this process, the large coal and rock masses in the direction of travel are crushed by the efficient cutting performance of the PDC drill bit 2. At the same time, the formed slag and debris enter the front spiral slag discharge channel, and under the action of the clockwise rotation of the rod body 1, they are brought out of the hole along the front spiral slag discharge channel, thereby achieving preliminary drilling slag and chip removal operations;

[0080] As the drilling operation continues, the rod body 1 continues to drill deeper. When the first wave-threaded section 11 completely enters the hole, the rotation speed of the drill rig 9 is reduced, and the middle large threaded section 12 is continued to be driven slowly into the hole. At the same time, the slag and debris discharged by the front spiral slag discharge channel enter the rear spiral slag discharge channel, and under the action of the clockwise rotation of the rod body 1, continue to be taken out of the hole mouth along the rear spiral channel, thereby realizing the subsequent drilling slag and chip removal operations;

[0081] When the middle large threaded section 12 completely enters the hole, the drilling rig 9 continues to apply torque until the end of the middle large threaded section 12 completely enters the hole, and the drilling is stopped. The drilling rig 9 is controlled to reverse, so that the machine rod connector 91 synchronously drives the hexagonal nut 5 to rotate in the opposite direction toward the fixed torque pressure plate 4. During the reverse rotation of the hexagonal nut 5, the fixed torque pressure plate 4 is gradually pushed in the direction of the anti-shear tray 3, and the head end of the fixed torque pressure plate 4 is pressed against the end of the anti-shear tray 3. The torque is continued to be applied to cause the fixed torque pressure plate 4 to continue to deform until it reaches the set preload state when it reaches the flattened state. The application of torque is stopped, and the drilling rig 9 is removed to complete the installation operation of the drill-sealed anchor rod.

[0082] At the same time, the vibration sensor 81 is used to collect vibration signals in real time and send them to the host 82. The monitoring sensor is used to collect the speed signal, torque signal, push pressure signal, drilling angle signal and drilling speed signal of the drilling rig 9 in real time and send them to the host 82. The host 82 obtains vibration data, speed data, torque data, push pressure data, drilling angle data and drilling speed data based on the vibration signal, speed signal, torque signal, push pressure signal, drilling angle signal and drilling speed signal. The host 82 determines whether the drill is stuck or jumped based on the continuous change of the push pressure data. At the same time, when it is determined that the drill is stuck or jumped, the display screen connected to it displays an abnormal reminder message of the drill being stuck or jumped. The host 82 obtains the rod body 1 based on the vibration data and speed data. and the operating status of the PDC drill bit 2; the host 82 obtains the power data of the drilling rig 9 according to the torque data; the host 82 obtains the drilling inclination angle of the rod body 1 and the PDC drill bit 2 according to the drilling angle data, and when the drilling inclination angle deviates from the set motion trajectory, a track deviation abnormality reminder message is displayed on the display screen connected thereto; at the same time, the host 82 analyzes and processes the rock formation conditions in combination with the vibration data, speed data, torque data, push pressure data, drilling angle data and drilling speed data, and obtains rock formation distribution data, so as to understand the distribution of the rock formation in real time during the drilling process and judge the integrity of the surrounding rock; during the drilling process, the host 82 adaptively adjusts the speed and power of the drilling rig 9 according to the rock formation distribution data to achieve efficient and safe drilling operations;

[0083] Step 5: Stir the slurry fully to ensure that the uniformity and fluidity of the slurry meet the grouting requirements; connect the grouting pipe to the end of the built-in mixer 7, and use the grouting pump 10 to allow the slurry to pass through the grouting pipe into the mixing chamber of the built-in mixer 7. Under the action of the partition grid 71, the slurry is further mixed evenly in the mixing chamber, and then transported to the drill bit outlet 21 through the grouting channel. Then, it enters the deep part of the hole from the drill bit outlet 21. In this process, the grouting amount is controlled according to the internal integrity of the surrounding rock. At the same time, the outer edge surface of the middle large threaded section 12 in close contact with the hole wall is used to maintain the grouting pressure, so that the continuously entering slurry first fills the entire hole, and then gradually enters the deep cracks under the action of maintaining the pressure, thereby achieving effective sealing of the cracks; when the grouting pressure suddenly increases, stop the grouting operation, remove the grouting pipe, and then seal the end of the built-in mixer 7 to prevent the loss of slurry.

[0084] As a preference, in step five, gauze is used as a blocking material to block the end of the built-in mixer 7 .

[0085] As a preferred embodiment, in step five, after removing the grouting pipe, the grouting pipe is cleaned with clean water to prevent the remaining slurry from solidifying and clogging the pipe.

[0086] The present invention improves the existing anchor rod technology and proposes an integrated rapid construction method of drilling, sealing and grouting. First, the structural design of the anchor rod is optimized. The adopted drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod is composed of a complete rod body, wherein the drill bit, rod body, anti-shear tray, fixed torque pressure plate, hexagonal nut, built-in mixer and round nut are an integrated equipment structure. During construction, no additional trays and locks are required after the drilling is completed. After the drilling is completed, the anchoring agent can be directly injected for anchor pre-tightening. The drilling and pre-tightening process can be achieved only by the forward and reverse rotation of the drilling rig, which effectively reduces the construction process. At the same time, there is no need to perform rod connection operation during the construction process, which simplifies the construction steps and reduces the process. In this way, not only the construction efficiency is improved, but also the quality problems that may be caused by improper rod connection are reduced. Since the number of connection points can be reduced during construction, the stability and reliability of the overall structure can be effectively enhanced, ensuring the support effect. The ease of operation during the use of this anchor rod also reduces the complexity of on-site management and maintenance, making construction more efficient and economical. Secondly, the present invention adopts the drilling function combined with the integrated technology of pumping and grouting, which not only effectively solves the slurry blocking problem in the surrounding rock grouting reinforcement, but also ensures the homogenization of the surrounding rock stress on the anchor rod through the innovative anti-shear tray and fixed torque pressure plate design, which can effectively prevent the anchor rod from shearing and effectively ensure the support effect of the anchor rod. Furthermore, the present invention combines the multi-parameter measuring instrument equipment with drilling, and by monitoring the parameters such as the drilling rig speed, drill bit torque, anchor rod propulsion force, and drill rod vibration state, it can intelligently judge the operating status of the monitored object and further infer the cause of this operating status, which helps to distinguish the differences in the drilling medium during the drilling process of the anchor drilling rig, and can effectively judge the internal integrity of the surrounding rock, and ultimately achieve the purpose of identifying the rock formation, so that the grouting volume can be accurately controlled. Therefore, through intelligent monitoring, better decisions can be made to deal with emergencies, and the reliability of the support effect and construction efficiency are significantly improved. Through these innovations, the present invention can achieve efficient and intelligent operation of the support process, and promote the coal mining industry to a higher level of intelligent development.

[0087] The construction process of this method is simple, convenient and highly intelligent. It only requires the forward and reverse rotation of the drilling rig to achieve drilling and pre-tightening operations. At the same time, it changes the slurry sealing method in the anchor grouting function, effectively improving the construction efficiency of the support construction. At the same time, it significantly improves the support effect. It has a wide range of applicability and is easy to be used in large-scale applications in various types of engineering supports.

Claims

1. A drilling and sealing anchor rod, comprising a rod body (1), characterized in that: It also includes a PDC drill bit (2), an anti-shear tray (3), a fixed torque pressing plate (4), a hexagonal nut (5), a round nut (6) and a built-in mixer (7); The shaft center of the rod body (1) has an axially penetrating grouting channel, and its outer surface has a continuous thread structure, and is sequentially divided from the head end to the tail end into a first wave thread section (11), a middle large thread section (12), and a last wave thread section (13); wherein the outer diameter of the first wave thread section (11) and the outer diameter of the last wave thread section (13) are both smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large thread section (12); a front spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the first wave thread section (11); and a rear spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the middle large thread section (12); The PDC drill bit (2) is mounted on the head end of the rod body (1), and the head end of the PDC drill bit (2) has a drill bit slurry outlet (21) connected to the grouting channel; at the same time, the outer diameter of the PDC drill bit (2) is larger than the outer diameter of the first wave thread section (11) and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large thread section (12); The central anchor hole (31) of the anti-shear tray (3) is a tubular structure protruding in the axial direction and having continuously tapered inner and outer diameters. The inner diameter of the anchor hole (31) is larger than the outer diameter of the last wave-threaded section (13) and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large threaded section (12). The anti-shear tray (3) is slidably mounted on the outside of the last wave-threaded section (13) through the anchor hole (31). The fixed-torsion pressure piece (4) is in the shape of a hollow flat-bottomed spherical crown, and a mounting hole is provided at the center of its top; the fixed-torsion pressure piece (4) is slidably mounted on the outside of the terminal wave-threaded section (13) through the mounting hole, and is closer to the end of the rod body (1) than the anti-shear tray (3); The hexagonal nut (5) is fitted onto the outside of the terminal wave thread section (13) through threaded engagement, and the fixed torque pressing piece (4) is close to the end of the rod body (1); The circular nut (6) is coaxially fixed and welded to the end of the rod body (1), and its internal thread cavity is smoothly connected to the grouting channel; The main body of the built-in mixer (7) is a rod-shaped structure, and an external thread structure that is compatible with the circular nut (6) is provided on the outer surface; an axially penetrating mixing chamber is provided at the axis center of the built-in mixer (7), and a partition grid (71) for dividing the radial space of the mixing chamber is fixedly installed inside the mixing chamber; the built-in mixer (7) is connected to the inside of the circular nut (6) through threaded engagement, and its head end extends into the grouting channel.

2. The drill-seal-injection anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lengths of the first wave thread section (11), the middle large thread section (12) and the last wave thread section (13) respectively account for 3 / 5, 1 / 5 and 1 / 5 of the length of the rod body (1).

3. The drill-seal-injection anchor rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the built-in mixer (7) is fixedly sleeved with an annular limiting boss (72); the built-in mixer (7) is made of nylon and is manufactured by grouting molding.

4. The drill-seal-injection anchor rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The PDC drill bit (2) is a three-wing drill bit.

5. The drill-seal-injection anchor rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: The peripheral edge portions of the anti-shear tray (3) and the anchor hole (31) thereof are transitionally connected via a diameter-reducing section, and 5 to 8 longitudinal ribs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the diameter-reducing section.

6. A drilling intelligent monitoring system, using a drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a machine rod connector (91), a drilling rig (9), a monitoring sensor group, and a multi-parameter monitoring device while drilling (8). The multi-parameter monitoring device while drilling (8) includes a vibration sensor (81) and a host (82). The outer diameter of the circular nut (6) is smaller than the outer diameter of the hexagonal nut (5); The front end axis of the machine rod connector (91) is provided with an inner hexagonal connecting hole, and the rear end axis thereof is fixedly connected with an outer hexagonal connecting head, and the size of the inner hexagonal connecting hole is adapted to the size of the hexagonal nut (5), and the depth of the inner hexagonal connecting hole is adapted to the length of the terminal wave thread section (13); the front end of the machine rod connector (91) is fitted onto the outside of the terminal wave thread section (13) through the inner hexagonal connecting hole, and is also fitted onto the outside of the hexagonal nut (5); The size of the inner hexagonal mounting hole at the front end of the drilling machine (9) is adapted to the size of the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector (91), and the drilling machine (9) is sleeved onto the outside of the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector (91) through the inner hexagonal mounting hole; The monitoring sensor group is installed on the drilling rig (9) and is used to collect the rotation speed signal, torque signal, push pressure signal, drilling angle signal and drilling speed signal of the drilling rig (9); The vibration sensor (81) is mounted on the machine rod connector (91) and is used to collect vibration signals; The host (82) is connected to the monitoring sensor group and the vibration sensor (81) respectively, and is used to analyze and process the received signals and judge the operating status of the PDC drill bit (2) and the integrity of the surrounding rock.

7. The intelligent drilling monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The host (82) is connected to a memory chip, and the memory chip is used to store data.

8. A drilling, sealing and grouting integrated rapid construction method, using a drilling, sealing and grouting anchor rod according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Select the planned construction location on the rock surface; Step 2: The front end of the machine rod connector (91) is fitted onto the outside of the terminal wave thread section (13) through the inner hexagonal connecting hole, and is then fitted onto the outside of the hexagonal nut (5), and then the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the machine rod connector (91) is inserted into the inner hexagonal mounting hole of the drilling rig (9), and then a vibration sensor (81) is installed on the machine rod connector (91), and a monitoring sensor group is installed on the drilling rig (9); a connection is established between the host (82) in the drilling multi-parameter monitor (8) and the monitoring sensor group and the vibration sensor (81), and a drilling intelligent monitoring system is formed using the drilling rig (9), the monitoring sensor group, the drilling multi-parameter monitor (8) and the drilling and sealing anchor rod; Step 3: Use the drill (9) to drive the rod connector (91) to rotate, and simultaneously drive the hexagonal nut (5) to rotate in a clockwise direction until it reaches the end of the rod body (1) and contacts the circular nut (6); Step 4: Use the circular nut (6) to perform rear limit locking on the hexagonal nut (5), and continue to drive the hexagonal nut (5) to rotate through the drilling rig (9), so that the torque is transmitted to the rod body (1) and the PDC drill bit (2) through the hexagonal nut (5), and then synchronously drive the rod body (1) and the PDC drill bit (2) to rotate at high speed, and use the high-speed rotating PDC drill bit (2) to perform drilling operations. In this process, the large coal and rock masses in the direction of travel are crushed by the efficient cutting performance of the PDC drill bit (2). At the same time, the formed slag and debris enter the front spiral slag discharge channel, and under the action of the clockwise rotation of the rod body (1), they are brought out of the hole along the front spiral slag discharge channel, thereby achieving preliminary drilling slag and chip removal operations; As the drilling operation continues, the rod body (1) continues to drill deeper into the hole. When the first wave-threaded section (11) completely enters the hole, the rotation speed of the drill (9) is reduced, and the middle large threaded section (12) is continued to be driven slowly into the hole. At the same time, the slag and debris discharged from the front spiral slag discharge channel enter the rear spiral slag discharge channel, and under the action of the clockwise rotation of the rod body (1), continue to be brought out of the hole mouth along the rear spiral channel, thereby realizing the subsequent drilling slag and chip removal operations; When the middle large threaded section (12) completely enters the hole, the torque is continuously applied by the drilling machine (9) until the end of the middle large threaded section (12) completely enters the hole, and the drilling is stopped. The drilling machine (9) is controlled to reverse, so that the machine rod connector (91) synchronously drives the hexagonal nut (5) to rotate in the opposite direction toward the fixed torque pressing plate (4). During the reverse rotation of the hexagonal nut (5), the fixed torque pressing plate (4) is gradually pushed in the direction of the anti-shear tray (3), and the head end of the fixed torque pressing plate (4) is pressed firmly against the end of the anti-shear tray (3). The torque is continuously applied to cause the fixed torque pressing plate (4) to continuously deform until the set preload state is reached when the flattening state is reached. The application of torque is stopped, and the drilling machine (9) is removed to complete the installation operation of the drill-sealed anchor rod. At the same time, a vibration sensor (81) is used to collect vibration signals in real time and send them to a host (82). A monitoring sensor is used to collect rotation speed signals, torque signals, push pressure signals, drilling angle signals and drilling speed signals of the drilling rig (9) in real time and send them to the host (82). The host (82) obtains vibration data, rotation speed data, torque data, push pressure data, drilling angle data and drilling speed data based on the vibration signals, rotation speed signals, torque signals, push pressure signals, drilling angle signals and drilling speed signals. The host (82) determines whether a drill stuck or drill jumped occurs based on the continuous change of the push pressure data. At the same time, when it is determined that a drill stuck or drill jumped occurs, a drill stuck or drill jumped abnormality reminder message is displayed on a display screen connected thereto. The host (82) obtains the rod body (1) and the drill bit according to the vibration data and rotation speed data. The main engine (82) obtains the power data of the drilling rig (9) based on the torque data; the main engine (82) obtains the drilling inclination angle of the rod body (1) and the PDC drill bit (2) based on the drilling angle data, and when the drilling inclination angle deviates from the set motion trajectory, a track deviation abnormality reminder message is displayed on a display screen connected thereto; at the same time, the main engine (82) analyzes and processes the rock formation conditions in combination with the vibration data, rotation speed data, torque data, push pressure data, drilling angle data and drilling speed data, and obtains rock formation distribution data, so as to understand the distribution of the rock formation in real time during the drilling process and judge the integrity of the surrounding rock; during the drilling process, the main engine (82) adaptively adjusts the rotation speed and power of the drilling rig (9) based on the rock formation distribution data to achieve efficient and safe drilling operations; Step 5: fully stir the slurry to ensure that the uniformity and fluidity of the slurry meet the grouting requirements; connect the grouting pipe to the end of the built-in mixer (7), use the grouting pump (10) to make the slurry enter the mixing chamber of the built-in mixer (7) through the grouting pipe, under the action of the separation grid (71), the slurry is further mixed in the mixing chamber, and then transported to the drill bit slurry outlet (21) through the grouting channel, and then enters the deep hole from the drill bit slurry outlet (21). In this process, the grouting amount is adjusted according to the integrity of the surrounding rock. At the same time, the outer edge of the middle large threaded section (12) is used to fit in with the hole wall to achieve the effect of densely sealing the hole, and the outer edge surface of the middle large threaded section (12) in close contact with the hole wall is used to achieve the effect of grouting pressure maintenance, so that the continuously entering slurry first fills the entire hole, and then gradually enters the deep cracks under the effect of pressure maintenance, thereby achieving effective sealing of the cracks; when the grouting pressure suddenly increases, the grouting operation is stopped, the grouting pipe is removed, and the end of the built-in mixer (7) is sealed.

9. The drilling, sealing and injection integrated rapid construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step five, gauze is used as a blocking material to block the end of the built-in mixer (7).

10. The drilling, sealing and injection integrated rapid construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step five, after removing the grouting pipe, clean the grouting pipe with clean water.

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