Diffuser machining tool and machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rocket engine tests, and discloses a diffuser machining tool and method.The diffuser machining tool comprises an annular plate structure with an opening, the outer wall of the annular plate structure is attached to an inner cylinder of a diffuser by adjusting the width of the opening and changing the diameter of the outer wall; the strain measurement structure is arranged on the annular plate structure, obtains the initial strain of the annular plate structure in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure, and obtains the strain of the annular plate structure in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure; during the period when the longitudinal ribs, the outer cylinder and the reinforcing ring ribs are sequentially mounted on the inner cylinder, the outer wall diameter of the annular plate structure is changed by adjusting the width of the opening, and it is ensured that the strain, obtained by the strain measurement structure, of the annular plate structure in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure is the same as the initial strain. The strain of the annular plate structure is monitored in real time through the strain measurement structure, the opening width is adjusted, deformation of the thin-wall inner cylinder is prevented, and the profile precision of the diffuser is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rocket engine testing, and in particular to a diffuser processing tool and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] Rocket engines are generally tested at high altitude on a high altitude simulation test bench. The diffuser is one of the important core components of the high altitude simulation test bench. During the high altitude simulation test, the diffuser needs to withstand high temperature combustion gas above 3000℃ generated by the rocket engine. In order to prevent the diffuser from being ablated by the high temperature combustion gas, the diffuser generally adopts a water cooling structure.

[0003] As the thrust of existing rocket engines continues to increase, the pressure and total temperature of high-temperature combustion gas continue to increase; in order to improve the cooling effect of the diffuser wall, the inner wall thickness of the diffuser is getting smaller and smaller, the water pressure of the water-cooling structure is also increasing, and the pressure of the cooling water on the diffuser is also getting higher and higher, resulting in the existing diffuser being difficult to process, and the surface accuracy of the diffuser is difficult to meet the aerodynamic performance requirements of the rocket engine test. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a diffuser processing tool and a processing method to solve the problem that as the thrust of the rocket engine continues to increase, the pressure and total temperature of the high-temperature combustion gas continue to increase; in order to improve the cooling effect of the diffuser wall, the inner wall thickness of the diffuser is getting smaller and smaller, the water pressure of the water-cooling structure is also continuously increased, and the pressure of the cooling water borne by the diffuser is also getting higher and higher, resulting in the existing diffuser being difficult to process, and the surface accuracy of the diffuser is difficult to meet the aerodynamic performance requirements of the rocket engine test.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a diffuser processing tool, which is suitable for processing a diffuser, wherein the diffuser comprises: an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are spaced apart; a gas passage is formed inside the inner cylinder; the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are connected by a plurality of longitudinal ribs spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of longitudinal ribs separate the annular space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder into a plurality of cooling water flow channels; the longitudinal ribs are arranged along the axial direction of the diffuser; and a reinforcing annular rib is arranged around the outer circumference of the outer cylinder. The diffuser processing tool comprises: at least one annular plate structure having an opening, adapted to change the diameter of the outer wall of the annular plate structure by adjusting the width of the opening so that the outer wall of the annular plate structure fits snugly into the inner cylinder; the central axis of the annular plate structure is parallel to the axis of the inner cylinder; the thickness of the annular plate structure, and the difference between the radius of the outer wall and the radius of the inner wall of the annular plate structure, are both greater than 5 times the thickness of the inner cylinder; a strain measurement structure, arranged on the annular plate structure, the strain measurement structure being adapted to obtain an initial strain of the annular plate structure along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure when the annular plate structure is installed in the inner cylinder, and to obtain in real time the strain of the annular plate structure along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure; The diffuser processing tool is suitable for sequentially installing the longitudinal ribs, outer tube and reinforcing ring ribs on the inner tube, and by adjusting the width of the opening, changing the diameter of the outer wall of the annular plate structure, ensuring that the strain of the annular plate structure obtained by the strain measurement structure in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure is the same as the initial strain. Beneficial effect: The present application adopts the above technical solution. When processing the diffuser, the inner tube is supported by the annular plate structure, and then the longitudinal ribs, outer tube and reinforcing ring ribs are installed, which is convenient for processing the diffuser; and the strain of the annular plate structure is monitored in real time by the strain measurement structure, combined with adjusting the width of the opening to prevent the deformation of the thin-walled inner tube, thereby ensuring the shape and surface accuracy of the entire diffuser.

[0006] Optionally, the strain measurement structure is located on the annular plate structure at a position opposite to the opening. Beneficial effect: The present application adopts the above technical solution, and the strain measurement structure is arranged at the position on the annular plate structure that is most sensitive to strain, thereby sensitively, quickly and accurately obtaining the strain of the annular plate structure, and accurately and reliably preventing the inner cylinder from deforming.

[0007] Optionally, there are n annular plate structures, and n strain measurement structures are installed on the annular plate structures, wherein n is a natural number not less than 2; the n annular plate structures are arranged at intervals and fit in the inner cylinder. Beneficial effect: The present application adopts the above technical solution to control deformation along the entire length direction of the inner cylinder to prevent deformation of the inner cylinder.

[0008] Optionally, the n openings are evenly distributed about the axis of the diffuser. Beneficial effects: The present application adopts the above technical solution to simultaneously perform reliable deformation control along the entire length direction and circumferential direction of the inner barrel to prevent deformation of the inner barrel.

[0009] Optionally, n annular plate structures are arranged at equal intervals. Beneficial effects: The present application adopts the above technical solution, and by evenly arranging the annular plate structures, the deformation control of the inner cylinder is more effective.

[0010] Optionally, a force adjustment structure is provided at the opening, and the force adjustment structure is suitable for adjusting the width of the opening.

[0011] Optionally, mounting grooves are respectively provided on two opposite side walls of the opening, and the force adjustment structure is arranged in the two opposite mounting grooves. Beneficial effect: The present application adopts the above technical solution, and by setting the mounting grooves, the force adjustment structure is conveniently, reliably and firmly arranged.

[0012] Optionally, the strain measurement structure is a strain gauge, and the strain gauge is arranged on the inner wall of the annular plate structure; the force adjustment structure is a jack.

[0013] Optionally, the outer cylinder is formed by connecting a plurality of plates around each other; between the installation of each longitudinal rib and the period between connecting each plate, the diameter of the outer wall of the annular plate structure is changed by adjusting the width of the opening, so as to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure obtained by the strain measurement structure is the same as the initial strain. Beneficial effect: The present application adopts the above technical solution to further more accurately and reliably monitor the strain of the annular plate structure in real time, and combined with adjusting the width of the opening, prevent the deformation of the thin-walled inner cylinder, thereby ensuring the shape and surface accuracy of the diffuser.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a diffuser processing method, using the diffuser processing tool, comprising: Processing inner cylinder; Adjust the width of the opening and fit the outer wall of the annular plate structure of the diffuser processing tooling into the inner cylinder; The initial strain along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure is recorded by the strain measuring structure; Installing the longitudinal reinforcement, when the longitudinal reinforcement is installed by welding, welding the longitudinal reinforcements one by one, and when the welded longitudinal reinforcements are cooled, welding the next longitudinal reinforcement; The width of the opening is adjusted to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure obtained by the strain measurement structure in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure is the same as the initial strain; Install the outer cylinder; The width of the opening is adjusted to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure obtained by the strain measurement structure in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure is the same as the initial strain; Install reinforcing ring ribs; The width of the opening is adjusted to be reduced, and the diffuser processing tooling is removed. Beneficial effect: The present application adopts the above technical solution. When processing the diffuser, the inner tube is supported by the annular plate structure, and then the longitudinal ribs, outer tube and reinforcing annular ribs are installed to facilitate the processing of the diffuser; and the strain of the annular plate structure is monitored in real time through the strain measurement structure, combined with adjusting the width of the opening to prevent the thin-walled inner tube from deforming, thereby ensuring the shape and surface accuracy of the entire diffuser. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a diffuser provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a diffuser provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of a cross section of a diffuser provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a diffuser processing tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure in which a diffuser processing tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention is installed on a diffuser; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of four diffuser processing tools provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Description of reference numerals: 1. Inner tube; 2. Outer tube; 3. Gas channel; 4. Longitudinal ribs; 5. Cooling water channel; 6. Reinforced ring ribs; 7. Annular plate structure; 8. Opening; 9. Outer wall; 10. Strain measurement structure; 11. Force adjustment structure; 12. Inner wall; 13. Plate; 14. Mounting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 6 A specific embodiment of the diffuser processing tool shown is suitable for processing diffusers. The diffuser described in the present application is used in the high-altitude simulation test of rocket engines.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the diffuser comprises: an inner tube 1 and an outer tube 2 which are spaced apart; a gas channel 3 is formed inside the inner tube 1; and the high-temperature gas generated by the rocket engine is suitable for flowing in the gas channel 3. The inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2 are connected by a plurality of longitudinal ribs 4 which are spaced apart along the circumference, and the plurality of longitudinal ribs 4 separate the annular space between the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2 into a plurality of cooling water channels 5; the longitudinal ribs 4 are arranged along the axis of the diffuser; and a reinforcing ring rib 6 is arranged around the outer circumference of the outer tube 2, and specifically, the reinforcing ring rib 6 is welded to the outer tube 2. The outer tube 2 is a conical tube or a cylinder. The reinforcing ring rib 6 is used to strengthen the rigidity of the outer tube 2 and the overall rigidity of the entire diffuser.

[0021] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the diffuser processing tooling described in the present application includes: at least one annular plate structure 7 with an opening 8 and a strain measurement structure 10.

[0022] The annular plate structure 7 is suitable for changing the diameter of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 by adjusting the width of the opening 8, so that the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 fits in the inner tube 1. The diameter of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 is the same as the diameter of the gas channel 3. The central axis of the annular plate structure 7 is parallel to the axis of the inner tube 1; of course, the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 and the axis of the inner tube 1 can be collinear. The thickness of the annular plate structure 7, and the difference between the radius of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 and the radius of the inner wall 12 are both greater than 5 times the thickness of the inner tube 1; that is, the thickness of the annular plate structure 7 is greater than 5 times the thickness of the inner tube 1, and the difference between the radius of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 and the radius of the inner wall 12 is also greater than 5 times the thickness of the inner tube 1. The strain measurement structure 10 is arranged on the annular plate structure 7, and the strain measurement structure 10 is suitable for obtaining the initial strain of the annular plate structure 7 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 when the annular plate structure 7 is installed in the inner cylinder 1, and obtaining the strain of the annular plate structure 7 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 in real time. The diffuser processing tool is suitable for sequentially installing the longitudinal ribs 4, the outer cylinder 2 and the reinforcing annular ribs 6 on the inner cylinder 1, and changing the diameter of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 by adjusting the width of the opening 8, so as to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure 7 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 obtained by the strain measurement structure 10 is the same as the initial strain.

[0023] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the strain measurement structure 10 is located on the annular plate structure 7 at a position opposite to the opening 8 .

[0024] Further, such as Figure 6As shown, there are n annular plate structures 7, and n strain measurement structures 10 are installed on the annular plate structures 7, wherein n is a natural number not less than 2; the n annular plate structures 7 are arranged at intervals and fit in the inner cylinder 1. Figure 6 In the embodiment, there are four annular plate structures 7.

[0025] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, n openings 8 are evenly distributed about the axis of the diffuser, that is, on the cross section of the diffuser, the included angle between the projections of two straight lines formed by connecting two adjacent openings 8 and the center of the diffuser on the same cross section of the diffuser is 360 / n degrees.

[0026] Furthermore, n annular plate structures 7 are arranged at equal intervals, and specifically, one annular plate structure 7 may be installed every 100 mm.

[0027] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, a force adjustment structure 11 is provided at the opening 8 , and the force adjustment structure 11 is suitable for adjusting the width of the opening 8 .

[0028] Further, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, mounting grooves 14 are respectively provided on two opposite side walls of the opening 8 , and the force adjustment structure 11 is disposed in the two opposite mounting grooves 14 .

[0029] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the strain measurement structure 10 is a strain gauge, and the strain gauge is arranged on the inner wall 12 of the annular plate structure 7; the force adjustment structure 11 is a jack. The mounting groove 14 can be a rectangular groove for placing the jack. When the jack is extended, the diameter of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 becomes larger; when the jack is shortened, the diameter of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 becomes smaller. The pasting direction of the strain gauge is perpendicular to the central axis direction of the annular plate structure 7, and is used to detect whether the annular plate structure 7 is deformed.

[0030] like Figure 3As shown, the outer cylinder 2 is formed by connecting a plurality of plates 13 around each other. The plates 13 are in the shape of long strips. Furthermore, between the installation of each longitudinal rib 4 and the period between the connection of each plate 13, the diameter of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 is changed by adjusting the width of the opening 8, so as to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure 7 obtained by the strain measurement structure 10 is the same as the initial strain. The position where the strain gauge is pasted is the position where the annular plate structure 7 may produce the maximum strain, and is most sensitive to the deformation of the annular plate structure 7. When the thickness of the annular plate structure 7 reaches more than 80 mm, the radius difference between the inner wall 12 of the annular plate structure 7 and the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 also reaches more than 80 mm. The material of the annular plate structure 7 can be high carbon steel, so as to ensure that the annular plate structure 7 has a relatively high rigidity.

[0031] The present application also provides a diffuser processing method, which uses the diffuser processing tooling, including the following steps: S1. Processing the inner cylinder 1. Specifically, the inner cylinder 1 can be processed by steel plate rolling and welding processes to ensure that the diameter, cross-sectional roundness, length, and other shapes of the inner cylinder 1 meet the design requirements.

[0032] S2. Adjust the width of the opening 8, and fit the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 of the diffuser processing tooling into the inner tube 1; specifically, the length of the jack may be shortened to reduce the diameter of the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7, and then installed into the inner tube 1, and then the length of the jack may be extended to ensure that the outer wall 9 of the annular plate structure 7 fits the inner tube 1.

[0033] S3, recording the initial strain along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 through the strain measurement structure 10; S4, installing the longitudinal ribs 4; specifically, the longitudinal ribs 4 are welded and installed on the outer periphery of the inner tube 1, and are welded one by one. When the longitudinal ribs 4 are installed by welding, the next longitudinal rib 4 is welded after the welded longitudinal ribs 4 are fully cooled.

[0034] S5. Adjust the width of the opening 8 to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure 7 obtained by the strain measurement structure 10 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 is the same as the initial strain; further, after welding and installing each longitudinal reinforcement 4, after the temperature at the weld is reduced to the ambient temperature, adjust the length of the jack to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure 7 obtained by the strain measurement structure 10 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 is the same as the initial strain, until the installation of all longitudinal reinforcements 4 is completed by welding.

[0035] S6. Install the outer tube 2; specifically, weld the plates 13 one by one on each two adjacent longitudinal ribs 4.

[0036] S7 adjusts the width of the opening 8 to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure 7 obtained by the strain measurement structure 10 along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 is the same as the initial strain; further, after welding and installing each plate 13, after the temperature at the weld is reduced to the ambient temperature, adjust the length of the jack to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure 7 obtained by the strain measurement structure 10 along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure 7 is the same as the initial strain, until the installation of all the plates 13 is completed by welding.

[0037] S8, installing the reinforcing ring ribs 6, specifically, the reinforcing ring ribs 6 may be installed by a welding machine.

[0038] S9, adjust and reduce the width of the opening 8, and remove the diffuser processing tooling; specifically, after the temperature at the weld of the welded reinforcing ring rib 6 drops to the ambient temperature, adjust and shorten the length of the jack, and remove the diffuser processing tooling.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A diffuser processing tool, suitable for processing a diffuser, the diffuser comprising: An inner cylinder (1) and an outer cylinder (2) are arranged at intervals; a gas passage (3) is formed inside the inner cylinder (1); the inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2) are connected by a plurality of longitudinal ribs (4) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of longitudinal ribs (4) divide the annular space between the inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2) into a plurality of cooling water flow channels (5); the longitudinal ribs (4) are arranged along the axial direction of the diffuser; and reinforcing annular ribs (6) are arranged around the outer circumference of the outer cylinder (2), characterized in that they include: at least one annular plate structure (7) provided with an opening (8), adapted to change the diameter of an outer wall (9) of the annular plate structure (7) by adjusting the width of the opening (8), so that the outer wall (9) of the annular plate structure (7) is fitted into the inner cylinder (1); the central axis of the annular plate structure (7) is parallel to the axis of the inner cylinder (1); the thickness of the annular plate structure (7), and the difference between the radius of the outer wall (9) and the radius of the inner wall (12) of the annular plate structure (7), are both greater than 5 times the thickness of the inner cylinder (1); a strain measurement structure (10) arranged on the annular plate structure (7), the strain measurement structure (10) being suitable for obtaining the initial strain of the annular plate structure (7) along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure (7) when the annular plate structure (7) is installed in the inner cylinder (1), and obtaining the strain of the annular plate structure (7) along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure (7) in real time; The diffuser processing tool is suitable for sequentially installing the longitudinal ribs (4), the outer cylinder (2) and the reinforcing annular ribs (6) on the inner cylinder (1), and changing the diameter of the outer wall (9) of the annular plate structure (7) by adjusting the width of the opening (8), thereby ensuring that the strain of the annular plate structure (7) obtained by the strain measurement structure (10) in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure (7) is the same as the initial strain.

2. The diffuser processing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain measurement structure (10) is located on the annular plate structure (7) at a position opposite to the opening (8).

3. The diffuser processing tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are n annular plate structures (7), and n strain measurement structures (10) are installed on the annular plate structures (7) accordingly, wherein n is a natural number not less than 2; the n annular plate structures (7) are arranged at intervals and fit in the inner cylinder (1).

4. The diffuser processing tooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The n openings (8) are evenly distributed about the axis of the diffuser.

5. The diffuser processing tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The n annular plate structures (7) are arranged at equal intervals.

6. The diffuser processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A force adjustment structure (11) is provided at the opening (8), and the force adjustment structure (11) is suitable for adjusting the width of the opening (8).

7. The diffuser processing tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: Mounting grooves (14) are respectively provided on two opposite side walls of the opening (8), and the force adjustment structure (11) is arranged in the two opposite mounting grooves (14).

8. The diffuser processing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The strain measurement structure (10) is a strain gauge, and the strain gauge is arranged on the inner wall (12) of the annular plate structure (7); and the force adjustment structure (11) is a jack.

9. The diffuser processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (2) is formed by connecting a plurality of plate members (13) around each other; between the installation of each longitudinal rib (4) and the connection between each plate member (13), the diameter of the outer wall (9) of the annular plate structure (7) is changed by adjusting the width of the opening (8), thereby ensuring that the strain of the annular plate structure (7) obtained by the strain measurement structure (10) is the same as the initial strain.

10. A diffuser processing method, using the diffuser processing tooling according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Processing the inner cylinder (1); The width of the opening (8) is adjusted, and the outer wall (9) of the annular plate structure (7) of the diffuser processing tooling is fitted into the inner cylinder (1); Recording the initial strain along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure (7) by means of a strain measuring structure (10); Installing the longitudinal reinforcement (4), when the longitudinal reinforcement (4) is installed by welding, welding the longitudinal reinforcement (4) one by one, and after the welded longitudinal reinforcement (4) cools down, welding the next longitudinal reinforcement (4); Adjusting the width of the opening (8) to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure (7) obtained by the strain measurement structure (10) in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure (7) is the same as the initial strain; Install the outer cylinder (2); Adjusting the width of the opening (8) to ensure that the strain of the annular plate structure (7) obtained by the strain measurement structure (10) in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the annular plate structure (7) is the same as the initial strain; Install reinforcing ring ribs (6); Adjust and reduce the width of the opening (8) and remove the diffuser processing tooling.

Images