Suspension type hydraulic shock absorber for automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a suspension type hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile. The suspension type hydraulic shock absorber comprises a shock absorption piston cylinder, a variable-ring-distance spring set and a variable-distance device. The damping piston cylinder comprises a hollow damping cylinder and a piston rod of which the end part is provided with a valve body; the piston rod is sleeved with the damping cylinder and slides up and down along the inner wall of the damping cylinder. The variable-ring-distance spring set is a double-line-distance spring formed by vertically stacking a pair of springs with different ring distances, the variable-ring-distance spring set is sleeved on the periphery of the damping piston cylinder, and the lower end of the variable-ring-distance spring set is fixedly connected with the lower end of the damping piston cylinder. The variable-pitch device is rotationally arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the damping piston cylinder, is rotationally connected with the piston rod and slides up and down along the outer wall of the damping cylinder; the upper portion of the variable-pitch device is rotationally connected with the upper portion of the variable-coil-pitch spring set, when the variable-pitch device rotates by a certain angle, compression of an upper spring of the variable-coil-pitch spring set is limited, and the upper spring is converted into a single-line-pitch spring. The spring of the shock absorber is switched between the equal line distance and the double line distance, the spring is selected according to different road conditions, and a more appropriate shock absorption springback feedback feeling is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, and more particularly to a hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension. Background Art

[0002] As an indispensable component of the vehicle's shock absorption system, the hydraulic shock absorber is responsible for supporting the weight of the vehicle body and alleviating the vibration caused by the undulations of the road surface. It can make the vehicle run in a relatively stable state and improve the driver's control comfort. The current hydraulic shock absorber consists of two parts: the spring and the shock absorber. The spring alleviates the undulation of the wheel following the ground through its own deformation, and the shock absorber alleviates the rebound reaction force after the spring deformation through the damping effect of the hydraulic cylinder, providing the driver with a better sense of operation feedback. The sense of operation transmitted to the driver after the shock absorber has been alleviated depends on the properties of the spring selected for the shock absorber.

[0003] If equal-pitch springs are selected, they can provide better operational feedback in more intense racing driving or driving on roads with better road conditions, and give the driver a higher sense of operational security feedback during heavy and sudden braking. However, in the face of continuous ups and downs in poor road conditions or off-road scenarios, equal-pitch springs will make the shock absorber rebound "hard", with poor shock filtering effect, and cannot effectively absorb road unevenness. If dual-pitch springs are used, when the road surface is continuously up and down, the relatively "soft" spring with a small circle spacing will be compressed first to filter the shock. When encountering larger potholes or sudden braking, after compressing the spring section with a small circle spacing, the spring with a large circle spacing will be used to provide a relatively "hard" sense of support to avoid the bouncing feeling of soft elasticity. However, due to the obvious abruptness of the turning change in the circle spacing compression, in some cases where the degree of ups and downs in road conditions is between the compression turning point, it will bring about a continuous difference in the turning point of shock absorption feedback, affecting the driving feel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension, which can realize the switching of the shock absorber spring between an equal-pitch spring and a double-pitch spring through the mechanism action of the shock absorber, thereby giving the driver a more suitable shock-absorbing rebound feedback feeling under different road conditions.

[0005] The invention discloses a hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension, comprising a shock absorbing piston cylinder, a variable pitch spring group and a variable pitch device.

[0006] The shock-absorbing piston cylinder comprises a hollow shock-absorbing cylinder and a piston rod with a valve body at the end. The piston rod is sleeved inside the shock-absorbing cylinder and slides up and down along the inner wall of the shock-absorbing cylinder.

[0007] The variable pitch spring group is composed of a pair of springs with different pitches stacked up and down to form a double-pitch spring, which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the shock-absorbing piston cylinder and has its lower end fixedly connected to the lower end of the shock-absorbing piston cylinder.

[0008] The pitch changing device is rotatably arranged on the upper periphery of the shock absorbing piston cylinder, is rotatably connected with the piston rod, and slides up and down along the outer wall of the shock absorbing cylinder. The upper part of the pitch changing device is rotatably connected with the upper part of the variable pitch spring group. When the pitch changing device rotates a certain angle, the upper spring of the variable pitch spring group is limited in compression and converted into a single pitch spring.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the variable pitch spring group is a double pitch spring composed of an upper narrow pitch spring and a lower wide pitch spring stacked up and down, which is used to provide a rebound force when the shock absorber is compressed. The lower end of the wide pitch spring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shock absorber cylinder.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pitch changing device includes a pitch changing ring and a pitch changing sleeve. The upper periphery of the pitch changing sleeve is formed with a plurality of evenly distributed vertical raised edges. The upper part of the piston rod passes through the upper part of the pitch changing sleeve, and the two are rotatably connected. The pitch changing sleeve is rotatably connected to the top spring ring of the narrow pitch spring. The pitch changing ring is movably arranged on the lower periphery of the pitch changing sleeve, located at the overlapping position of the upper and lower springs of the pitch changing spring group, and is fixedly connected to the bottom ring of the narrow pitch spring and the top ring of the wide pitch spring. The inner ring of the pitch changing ring is provided with a plurality of notches of the same shape as the raised edges of the pitch changing sleeve. When the notches of the pitch changing ring are aligned with the raised edges of the pitch changing sleeve, the lower part of the wide pitch spring is compressed and force is applied upward, the pitch changing ring can slide upward, the narrow pitch spring is compressed, and the pitch changing spring group presents the compression characteristics of a double-line pitch spring. When the slot of the variable pitch ring is offset from the raised edge of the variable pitch sleeve, the lower part of the wide pitch spring is compressed and force is applied upward, the unslotted inner ring part of the variable pitch ring is abutted and fixed with the raised edge of the variable pitch sleeve, the narrow pitch spring cannot be compressed, the wide pitch spring is compressed alone, and the variable pitch spring group presents the compression characteristics of equilinear pitch springs.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a connecting mounting seat is also included. The connecting mounting seat is arranged above the variable pitch sleeve, and the two are in contact with each other. The variable pitch sleeve can rotate relative to the connecting mounting seat around the piston rod. The top end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the connecting mounting seat. The connecting mounting seat is provided with a vertical bolt hole.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a raised step is formed on the upper periphery of the variable pitch sleeve, the upper surface of the step abuts against the lower end of the mounting seat, and the lower surface of the step abuts against the top of the narrow pitch spring. A connecting ring is formed on the periphery of the step.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a driving device is also included. The driving device is an auxiliary oil cylinder installed on the frame, the oil cylinder rod is rotatably connected with the connecting ring, and driven by the auxiliary oil cylinder, the pitch-changing sleeve can rotate around the piston rod to achieve alignment or staggering of the raised edge and the pitch-changing ring notch.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a raised step is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the shock-absorbing cylinder, and the upper surface of the step abuts against the bottom of the wide-pitch spring. A wheel frame connecting ring is formed on the lower bottom of the shock-absorbing cylinder.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the lower corner of each vertical raised ridge is recessed with a rectangular notch of the same shape toward the axial direction of the pitch-changing sleeve to form a notch groove, and the lower part of the raised ridge forms a two-level stepped structure. The recessed depth of each notch groove is equal to the thickness of the raised ridge. When the notch of the pitch-changing ring is aligned with the longer level of the two-level stepped level of the raised ridge, the lower part of the wide-pitch spring is compressed and the force is applied upward, the pitch-changing ring can slide upward, the unslotted inner ring part of the pitch-changing ring abuts against the notch groove, the narrow-pitch spring is partially compressed, and the shock-absorbing length is shortened.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the hydraulic shock absorber of the present invention realizes the switching of the shock absorber spring between the equal-pitch spring and the double-pitch spring through the structural design of the variable-pitch sleeve, giving the driver the possibility of spring switching according to different road conditions. In addition, the improved variable-pitch sleeve can change the shock absorption length of the narrow-pitch spring, and can further adjust the shock absorption rebound feedback. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the shock absorbing piston cylinder of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pitch-variable ring of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the variable pitch sleeve of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention in a double-wire-distance spring state; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship between the pitch-changing ring and the pitch-changing sleeve in the double-pitch spring state of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention in the state of equilinear springs; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship between the variable pitch ring and the variable pitch sleeve in the equilinear spring state of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a pitch-changing sleeve with a notched groove according to the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the narrow-pitch spring of the present invention being partially compressed and the shock-absorbing length being shortened; Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ungrooved inner ring portion of the pitch change ring of the present invention abutting against the notch groove; Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. shock-absorbing piston cylinder; 2. variable pitch spring group; 3. variable pitch device; 4. connecting mounting seat; 5. driving device; 101. shock-absorbing cylinder; 102. piston rod; 201. narrow pitch spring; 202. wide pitch spring; 301. variable pitch ring; 302. variable pitch sleeve; 3021. connecting ring; 3022. notch groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Specific embodiment 1: Please refer to the attached Figure 1-Figure 8 : A hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension is installed between the wheel and the vehicle body, with the lower part connected to the wheel frame for fixing the wheel and the upper part connected to the vehicle body beam frame, comprising a shock absorbing piston cylinder 1, a variable pitch spring group 2, a variable pitch device 3, a connecting mounting seat 4 and a driving device 5.

[0019] The shock-absorbing piston cylinder 1 includes a cylindrical hollow shock-absorbing cylinder 101 and a slender piston rod 102 with a valve body at the end. The upper bottom of the hollow shock-absorbing cylinder 101 is a detachable end cover that blocks the upper opening of the hollow shock-absorbing cylinder 101. The lower valve body of the piston rod 102 is fitted into the inner cavity of the hollow shock-absorbing cylinder. The upper end of the piston rod 102 passes through the upper bottom of the hollow shock-absorbing cylinder 101. With the cooperation of the valve body and the inner cavity wall, the whole moves vertically in the cylinder. The cavity is filled with hydraulic oil. When the piston rod 102 drives the valve body fixed by bolts to move vertically in the hollow shock-absorbing cylinder 101, the hydraulic oil will repeatedly flow through the valve hole of the valve body under extrusion, hindering the movement of the piston rod and achieving a damping effect. The lower bottom of the hollow shock-absorbing cylinder 101 is provided with a wheel frame connecting ring for connecting the wheel frame below.

[0020] The variable pitch spring group 2 is composed of a narrow pitch spring 201 at the top and a wide pitch spring 202 at the bottom, which are stacked up and down, and the combination of the two forms a double pitch spring. The narrow pitch spring 201 and the wide pitch spring 202 have different pitches and the same diameter, and the diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the shock absorber tube 101. The variable pitch spring group 2 is integrally mounted on the outer periphery of the shock absorber tube 101, and a circle of raised steps is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the shock absorber tube 101, and the bottom of the wide pitch spring 202 abuts against the upper end surface of the step.

[0021] The pitch changing device 3 comprises a pitch changing ring 301 and a pitch changing sleeve 302 .

[0022] The variable pitch sleeve 302 is a hollow cylindrical tube with an opening at the bottom. The inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow shock-absorbing tube 101, and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the spring of the variable pitch spring group 2. The variable pitch sleeve 302 is integrally mounted on the upper part of the hollow shock-absorbing tube 101 and is located inside the variable pitch spring group 2. A through hole is opened at the center of the upper bottom of the variable pitch sleeve 302. After mounting, the upper part of the piston rod 102 passes through the center of the upper bottom, and the two are coaxially matched. A raised step is formed on the upper part of the piston rod 102, and the upper end surface of the step abuts against the upper wall surface of the inner cavity of the variable pitch sleeve 302 for position fixing. A raised step is formed on the upper bottom of the variable pitch sleeve 302, and the lower end surface of the step abuts against the top of the narrow pitch spring 201 of the variable pitch spring group 2 on the outside. The pitch change ring 301 is an annular part, the inner diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow shock absorber tube 101, and is sleeved on the outer circumference of the hollow shock absorber tube 101 located below the pitch change sleeve 302. The upper surface of the pitch change ring 301 is welded to the bottom of the narrow-pitch spring 201, and the lower surface is welded to the top of the wide-pitch spring 202. The whole is connected to the springs at both ends, fixedly connected, and cannot rotate relative to each other.

[0023] The pitch-changing sleeve 302 is milled with three vertical raised edges evenly distributed on the outer peripheral wall. The inner ring of the pitch-changing ring 301 is formed with vertical notches of the same size and shape. When the raised edges are aligned with the notches, the pitch-changing sleeve 302 can move down and penetrate into the pitch-changing ring 301.

[0024] Above the variable pitch sleeve 302, there is a truncated cone-shaped connecting mounting seat 4, the center of which is provided with a through hole, and bolt holes evenly distributed circumferentially are used to connect to the vehicle body beam frame located above. The top end of the piston rod 102 passes through the through hole and is fixed by a nut. The protruding step of the variable pitch sleeve 302 below is clamped between the connecting mounting seat 4 and the top circle of the narrow pitch spring 201. A connecting ring 3021 is formed on the outer periphery of the protruding step of the variable pitch sleeve 302, and the connecting ring 3021 is hinged to the auxiliary oil cylinder rod of the driving device 5. Under the push of the auxiliary oil cylinder, the variable pitch sleeve 302 can rotate coaxially relative to the variable pitch ring 301 around the piston rod 102.

[0025] Working principle: The shock absorber of the present invention selects the shock absorbing spring mode according to different road conditions, and assumes that it is in the double-pitch spring mode first for explanation. In the double-pitch spring mode, the raised edge of the variable pitch sleeve 302 is aligned with the notch of the variable pitch ring 301. When facing road conditions with more small fluctuations, the upper narrow pitch spring 201 of the relatively "soft" variable pitch spring group 2 is used for shock absorption. When encountering fluctuations, the narrow pitch spring 201 is compressed during the compression process, and the variable pitch sleeve 302 passes through the variable pitch ring 301 to provide the narrow pitch spring 201 with sufficient deformation space for shock absorption, which can provide a relatively stable driving experience. When the road condition changes to potholes with larger fluctuations, the relatively "soft" narrow pitch spring 201 is compressed first before it can drive the relatively "hard" wide pitch spring 202 below to compress for shock absorption, which will bring a greater sense of delayed shock absorption and affect the driving performance. At this time, it is necessary to switch to the equal pitch spring mode for shock absorption. The auxiliary oil cylinder of the start-up drive device 5 is operated, and the oil cylinder rod pushes the pitch-changing sleeve 302 to rotate coaxially with respect to the pitch-changing ring 301 around the piston rod 102. The raised edge of the pitch-changing sleeve 302 is staggered with the notch of the pitch-changing ring 301, and is aligned and abutted against the unslotted inner ring of the pitch-changing ring 301. At this time, the narrow-pitch spring 201 cannot be compressed and is relatively fixed and locked. When the shock is undulating, the relatively "hard" lower wide-pitch spring 202 is directly compressed to provide timely and reliable shock-absorbing rebound feedback. The mechanism action of the pitch-changing device 3 realizes the switching of the variable-pitch spring group 2 from a double-pitch spring to an equal-pitch spring by changing the state of the narrow-pitch spring 201 from relaxation to locking.

[0026] Specific embodiment 2: Based on specific embodiment 1, the contact edge between the raised edge of the variable distance sleeve 302 and the notch of the variable distance ring 301 is chamfered, and the notch size of the variable distance ring is processed to be slightly larger than the raised edge of the variable distance sleeve 302, so as to achieve smooth switching of the spring shock absorption mode.

[0027] Specific embodiment 3: Based on the specific embodiment 1, Figure 9-11As shown, the lower corner of each vertical raised edge on the same side is sunken with a rectangular notch of the same shape toward the axial direction of the pitch-changing sleeve 302, forming a notch groove 3022, and the lower part of the raised edge forms a two-level stepped structure. The depth of each notch groove 3022 is equal to the thickness of the raised edge. Under the push of the auxiliary oil cylinder of the drive device 5, the pitch-changing sleeve 302 rotates coaxially relative to the pitch-changing ring 301 around the piston rod 102. When the longer step of the two-level step of the raised edge is aligned with the notch of the pitch-changing ring 301, the pitch-changing ring 301 can slide upward for a distance until the unslotted inner ring part of the pitch-changing ring 301 abuts against the notch groove 3022, achieving the movement effect of the narrow-pitch spring 201 being partially compressed. This is equivalent to shortening the shock absorbing length of the narrow pitch spring 201, and can achieve faster compression of the spring section with a small pitch when encountering larger potholes or sudden braking, and quickly switch to the spring with a large pitch to provide a relatively "hard" support feeling, thereby achieving the adjustment of the shock absorbing rebound feedback feeling.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to be limiting. All variations, modifications, and substitutions within the spirit and principle of the design are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension, characterized in that: It comprises a shock-absorbing piston cylinder (1), a variable pitch spring group (2) and a variable pitch device (3); The shock-absorbing piston cylinder (1) comprises a hollow shock-absorbing cylinder (101) and a piston rod (102) with a valve body at the end thereof; the piston rod (102) is sleeved inside the shock-absorbing cylinder (101) and slides up and down along the inner wall of the shock-absorbing cylinder (101); The variable pitch spring group (2) is composed of a pair of springs with different pitches stacked up and down to form a double pitch spring, which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the shock absorbing piston cylinder (1) and has a lower end fixedly connected to the lower end of the shock absorbing piston cylinder (1); The pitch changing device (3) is rotatably arranged on the upper outer periphery of the shock absorbing piston cylinder (1), is rotatably connected to the piston rod (102), and slides up and down along the outer wall of the shock absorbing cylinder (101); the upper part of the pitch changing device (3) is rotatably connected to the upper part of the variable pitch spring group (2); when the pitch changing device (3) rotates a certain angle, the upper spring of the variable pitch spring group (2) is restricted in compression and converted into a single pitch spring.

2. The hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable pitch spring group (2) is a double pitch spring composed of an upper narrow pitch spring (201) and a lower wide pitch spring (202) stacked up and down, and is used to provide a rebound force when the shock absorber is compressed; the lower end of the wide pitch spring (202) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shock absorber tube (101).

3. The hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pitch changing device (3) comprises a pitch changing ring (301) and a pitch changing sleeve (302); the upper outer periphery of the pitch changing sleeve (302) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed vertical raised edges; the upper part of the piston rod (102) passes through the upper part of the pitch changing sleeve (302), and the two are rotatably connected; the pitch changing sleeve (302) is rotatably connected to the top spring ring of the narrow pitch spring (201); the pitch changing ring (301) is movably arranged on the lower outer periphery of the pitch changing sleeve (302), located at the overlapping position of the upper and lower springs of the pitch changing spring group (2), and is fixedly connected to the bottom ring of the narrow pitch spring (201) and the top ring of the wide pitch spring (202); the inner ring of the pitch changing ring (301) is provided with a plurality of notches of the same shape as the raised edges of the pitch changing sleeve (302); when The notch of the pitch-changing ring (301) is aligned with the raised edge of the pitch-changing sleeve (302), and when the lower part of the wide-pitch spring (202) is compressed and force is applied upward, the pitch-changing ring (301) can slide upward, the narrow-pitch spring (201) is compressed, and the pitch-changing spring group (2) presents a double-pitch spring compression characteristic; when the notch of the pitch-changing ring (301) is offset from the raised edge of the pitch-changing sleeve (302), the lower part of the wide-pitch spring (202) is compressed and force is applied upward, the unslotted inner ring part of the pitch-changing ring (301) is abutted and fixed with the raised edge of the pitch-changing sleeve (302), the narrow-pitch spring (201) cannot be compressed, the wide-pitch spring (202) is compressed alone, and the pitch-changing spring group (2) presents an equal-pitch spring compression characteristic.

4. The hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a connecting mounting seat (4); the connecting mounting seat (4) is arranged above the variable pitch sleeve (302), the two are in contact with each other, and the variable pitch sleeve (302) can rotate around the piston rod (102) relative to the connecting mounting seat (4); the top end of the piston rod (102) is fixedly connected to the connecting mounting seat (4); and the connecting mounting seat (4) is provided with a vertical bolt hole.

5. The hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper periphery of the variable pitch sleeve (302) is provided with a circle of raised steps, the upper surface of the steps abuts against the lower end of the mounting seat, and the lower surface of the steps abuts against the top of the narrow pitch spring (201); and the outer periphery of the steps is provided with a connecting ring (3021).

6. The hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vehicle also includes a driving device (5); the driving device (5) is an auxiliary oil cylinder mounted on the vehicle frame, the oil cylinder rod is rotatably connected to the connecting ring (3021), and driven by the auxiliary oil cylinder, the pitch-changing sleeve (302) can rotate around the piston rod (102) to achieve alignment or interlacing of the raised edge and the notch of the pitch-changing ring (301).

7. The hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension according to claim 3, characterized in that: A raised step is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the shock absorbing cylinder (101), and the upper surface of the step abuts against the bottom of the wide-pitch spring (202); and a wheel frame connecting ring is formed on the lower bottom of the shock absorbing cylinder (101).

8. The hydraulic shock absorber for automobile suspension according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rectangular notch of the same shape is recessed in the same side corner of the lower part of each vertical raised ridge in the axial direction of the pitch-changing sleeve (302) to form a notch groove (3022), and the lower part of the raised ridge forms a two-level step structure; the recessed depth of each notch groove (3022) is equal to the thickness of the raised ridge; when the notch of the pitch-changing ring (301) is aligned with the longer step of the two-level step of the raised ridge, the lower part of the wide-pitch spring (202) is compressed and force is applied upward, the pitch-changing ring (301) can slide upward, the unslotted inner ring part of the pitch-changing ring (301) abuts against the notch groove (3022), the narrow-pitch spring (201) is partially compressed, and the shock-absorbing length is shortened.

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