Extruding machine for aluminum material manufacturing

Abstract

The invention discloses an extruding machine for aluminum material manufacturing, and relates to the technical field of aluminum material manufacturing, the extruding machine comprises an extruding machine main body of a rectangular frame structure, and the top end of one side of the extruding machine main body is fixedly connected with an extruding cylinder which is used for containing a metal blank and applying high pressure to metal in the extruding process; the bottom end of the extrusion cylinder is fixedly connected with an extrusion plate used for making direct contact with a metal blank in the extrusion process, the two sides of the upper surface of the extrusion machine body are slidably connected with extrusion rods used for pushing the metal blank forwards, and the inner walls of the two sides of each extrusion rod are provided with annular pressure adduction mechanisms. A surface pressing and rolling mechanism is arranged below the extruding plate, driven cooling mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the upper portion of the extruding machine body, through mutual cooperation of an extruding ring with a rod and an inner gear and an annular pressing and inward contracting mechanism, pressure can be evenly applied to the periphery or multiple circles in multiple directions, and therefore flowing of metal blanks is better controlled, and the extrusion efficiency is improved. And overhigh local stress caused by pressure concentration is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum material manufacturing, and in particular to an extruder for aluminum material manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] The extruder for aluminum manufacturing is a key equipment specially used for processing aluminum alloy profiles. It is widely used in many industrial fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, architectural decoration, and electronic appliances. With the growing demand for lightweight, high-strength and multifunctional materials in modern industry, aluminum alloy has become an important structural material due to its excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and recyclability. In the production process of aluminum profiles, extrusion forming is one of the most commonly used processes, and the extruder, as the core equipment, directly determines the quality, dimensional accuracy and production efficiency of the product.

[0003] The aluminum extrusion process usually involves heating the aluminum billet to a certain temperature, applying high pressure through an extruder, and passing it through a specific die to form the required complex cross-section profile. Traditional extruders are mainly based on single-direction linear extrusion, but with the increasing market demand for complex cross-sections, high-precision, and high-strength profiles, modern aluminum extruders are gradually developing in the direction of intelligence and multi-functions. For example, in response to the production needs of high-performance products, many extruders are equipped with automated control systems, uniform cooling devices, and multi-directional extrusion mechanisms to improve production quality, shorten production cycles, and reduce energy consumption.

[0004] In recent years, the global emphasis on green manufacturing has promoted technological innovation in the aluminum extrusion industry. New aluminum extruders not only have significant advantages in energy conservation and emission reduction, but also improve material utilization and reduce waste generation by optimizing the extrusion process. These technological advances have enabled aluminum profiles to be widely used in more fields, and have also injected new impetus into the development of aluminum extrusion technology. Therefore, extruders for aluminum manufacturing are not only important equipment for modern industrial production, but also a key carrier for promoting innovation in material forming technology; There are still the following defects in specific use: 1. Extrusion force applied in one direction will lead to uneven stress distribution inside and on the surface of the material, especially at the edges and corners of the mold, which is prone to stress concentration. This stress concentration may cause local cracks, deformation or even breakage of the material, reducing product quality. Secondly, during the unidirectional extrusion process, the metal material will generate a lot of heat, and the heat is mainly concentrated at the front end of the extrusion direction, while the heat dissipation in other parts is poor, which may lead to uneven cooling. Insufficient cooling can cause deformation, warping or other defects of the product.

[0005] 2. Furthermore, pores and cracks make the internal structure of metal materials discontinuous, reducing the overall strength and toughness. When the material is subjected to external force, the cracks may expand, resulting in stress concentration, thereby reducing the material's bearing capacity. At the same time, pores and cracks may cause uneven flow of metal billets during extrusion, thereby affecting the forming accuracy and causing uneven thickness or shape distortion of the profile section.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes an extruder for aluminum material manufacturing to make up for and improve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an extruder for aluminum material manufacturing to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an extruder for aluminum manufacturing, including an extruder body with a rectangular frame structure, an extrusion cylinder for accommodating metal billets and applying high pressure to the metal during extrusion is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the extruder body, an extrusion plate for directly contacting the metal billet during extrusion is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extrusion cylinder, extrusion rods for pushing the metal billet forward are slidably connected to both sides of the upper surface of the extruder body, a placement table for placing the metal billet to be extruded is fixedly connected at the center of the upper surface of the extruder body, a programmable logic controller for realizing automatic operation and precise control of the extruder body is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the extruder body, a ring pressing and retracting mechanism is arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the extrusion rod, a pressing surface mechanism is arranged below the extrusion plate, and a driven cooling mechanism is arranged on both sides of the upper side of the extruder body; The ring pressure retraction mechanism is used to help apply pressure evenly to reduce uneven thickness and warping of the profile; The surface pressing mechanism is used to increase the surface roughness and improve the adhesion between the coating anodized layer and the aluminum material; The driven cooling mechanism is used to accelerate the cooling process so that the aluminum profile can be transformed from a high temperature state to a solid state more quickly.

[0009] Furthermore, the ring-pressing inward-retracting mechanism comprises a fixed plate clamped at the outer wall of the placing table, the outer wall of the fixed plate on one side away from the placing table is slidably connected with an I-shaped block, and the I-shaped blocks are symmetrically arranged around the center of the fixed plate, one of the I-shaped blocks is fixedly connected with a pressing column on the outer wall on the side away from the fixed plate, the bottom end of the I-shaped block on the side away from the pressing column is fixedly connected with a bottom rod, the outer wall of one end of the bottom rod away from the I-shaped block is slidably connected with a telescopic rod, the lower end surfaces of the multiple I-shaped blocks are rotatably connected with arc rods, and multiple The end of the arc rod away from the I-shaped block is rotatably connected to a diamond plate, the upper surfaces of the multiple I-shaped blocks are fixedly connected to upper connecting blocks, the sides of the multiple upper connecting blocks away from the I-shaped blocks are fixedly connected to rod extrusion rings, the outer walls of one side of the multiple I-shaped blocks are slidably connected to right tooth plates, the sides of the multiple I-shaped blocks away from the right tooth plates are slidably connected to left tooth plates, the inner walls of the multiple fixed plates close to the I-shaped blocks are fixedly connected to buckles, and the inner walls of the multiple buckles away from the fixed plates are rotatably connected to internal gears.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the fixed plate is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the plurality of I-shaped blocks are slidably connected in the plurality of grooves provided in the outer wall of the fixed plate, the side of the diamond plate away from the arc rod is fixedly connected to the inside of the extruder body, and the plurality of extrusion rings with rods are cross-tangent to the outer wall of the placing table.

[0011] Furthermore, a concave surface is provided on one side of the top end of the plurality of right tooth plates, a convex surface is provided on one side of the top end of the plurality of left tooth plates, sliding grooves are provided on both side outer walls of the plurality of I-shaped blocks, the plurality of right tooth plates and the left tooth plates are slidably connected in the sliding grooves provided on both side outer walls of the I-shaped blocks, the diameter size of the convex surface provided on one side of the top end of the plurality of left tooth plates is larger than the diameter size of the concave surface provided on one side of the top end of the right tooth plates, and the plurality of internal gears are meshed with the right tooth plate and the internal gear to form a meshing transmission.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressing surface mechanism includes a connecting block fixedly connected to the outer wall of the belt rod extrusion ring, the outer wall of the connecting block on one side away from the belt rod extrusion ring is fixedly connected to an external rod block, the outer wall of the external rod block at one end away from the connecting block is fixedly connected to a moving block, the outer wall of the moving block on one side away from the external rod block is penetrated and fixedly connected with a fixed shaft, the top end of the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to an arc plate, the outer wall of the arc plate on one side away from the moving block is fixedly connected to a support plate, the outer wall of the bottom end of the arc plate is fixedly connected to an obstacle column, and the obstacle column is away from the arc plate. A swivel is clamped at one end, and a left swivel disk is fixedly connected to the central outer wall of one side of the swivel, and the left swivel disk is eccentrically fixedly connected to a connecting rod on a side away from the swivel, and the connecting rod is eccentrically fixedly connected to a right swivel disk at one end away from the left swivel, and a sliding buckle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the right swivel disk on a side away from the connecting rod, and a roller is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sliding buckle on a side away from the right swivel disk; a slide rail is slidably connected to the bottom end of the connecting block on a side away from the rod extrusion ring, and a tilting rod is rotatably connected to the side of the slide rail close to the sliding buckle, and a circular needle is fixedly connected to one end of the tilting rod away from the slide rail.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable block is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft, the end of the support plate away from the arc plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed disk, the arc plate is rotatably connected to the top outer wall of the support plate, a conical groove is provided inside the swivel, and the end of the obstacle column close to the swivel eccentrically abuts against the conical groove provided inside the swivel.

[0014] Furthermore, the side of the slide rail away from the connecting block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed plate, the outer wall of one side of the tilting rod is provided with a smooth curved surface, the initial position of the outer wall of the roller is in contact with the smooth curved surface provided on the outer wall of one side of the tilting rod, and the circular needle and the placement table are on the same vertical plane.

[0015] Furthermore, the driven cooling mechanism includes a spring wire fixedly connected to the upper surface of one side of the right tooth plate, the spring wire is fixedly connected to a through column at an eccentric position at one end away from the right tooth plate, the outer wall of the through column at one end away from the spring wire is rotatably connected to a ring gear, the outer wall of the ring gear at a side away from the through column is provided with a helical gear, the helical gear is fixedly connected to a worm at a side away from the ring gear, the outer wall of the worm is rotatably connected to a rotating block, the end of the rotating block away from the worm is rotatably connected to a short rod, the end of the short rod away from the rotating block is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the end of the connecting rod away from the short rod is rotatably connected to the worm wheel, and the end of the worm away from the helical gear is fixedly connected to a fan blade.

[0016] Furthermore, the ring gear and the helical gear mesh with each other and form a meshing transmission, and the side of the helical gear away from the ring gear is rotationally connected to the upper surface of the fixed disk.

[0017] Furthermore, the worm wheel and the worm are meshed with each other to form a meshing transmission, and the initial position of the fan blade is on the same horizontal plane as the placement table.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention utilizes the rod extrusion ring and the internal gear to cooperate with each other, and the ring pressure retraction mechanism can apply pressure uniformly in multiple directions or multiple circles, so as to better control the flow of the metal blank and avoid excessive local stress caused by pressure concentration; the ring pressure retraction mechanism can be used to apply pressure more uniformly to the metal blank, ensuring that the extruded product has higher symmetry and dimensional accuracy; the ring pressure retraction mechanism can be used to press the blank from multiple directions to eliminate defects such as pores and cracks, making the extruded metal material more dense and improving strength and toughness; multi-directional extrusion helps to change the grain morphology of the metal, making the grain distribution inside the material more uniform, and refining the grains, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the material, such as tensile strength and fatigue life; the ring pressure retraction mechanism can reduce this phenomenon through the action of multi-directional pressure, making the contact between the metal blank and the mold more uniform, thereby significantly improving the smoothness and quality of the product surface; the ring pressure retraction mechanism can effectively avoid the problem of insufficient flow or excessive thinning of the edge material, ensuring that the thickness distribution of the extruded part is more uniform; the ring pressure retraction mechanism can disperse the pressure load borne by the mold and extend the service life of the mold; (2) The present invention uses a circular needle and a lifting rod to cooperate with each other to puncture the surface of the aluminum billet to increase the surface roughness, thereby improving the adhesion between the coating or anodized layer and the aluminum material. This is especially important for subsequent surface treatments such as spraying, coating, anodizing, etc. on the aluminum profile, because higher adhesion can ensure that the surface treatment effect is more durable; surface puncturing can increase the contact area between the aluminum and other materials such as adhesives, welding materials, etc., and enhance the welding or bonding effect; the puncturing process will form some tiny depressions and protrusions on the surface of the aluminum profile, which helps to enhance the surface's resistance to friction and wear, especially when the aluminum profile is used in applications with greater friction, such as mechanical parts or high-load parts, surface puncturing can provide better durability; during the puncturing process, local pressure and local force can promote the refinement of the aluminum surface grains, thereby improving the surface hardness and strength of the material; puncturing helps to change the stress distribution on the aluminum surface, reduce local stress concentration, and avoid cracks or damage during subsequent processing or use; (3) The present invention utilizes the cooperation between the fan blades and the rotating block. The driven cooling mechanism can evenly cover the entire product surface by blowing cooling airflow from multiple angles at the same time, significantly accelerating the cooling speed and shortening the production cycle; blowing air in multiple directions can avoid local overheating problems during the cooling process, thereby maintaining the dimensional accuracy of the product; rapid and uniform cooling helps to refine the grains inside the metal, reduce excessive grain growth, and improve the mechanical properties of the material, such as strength, hardness and toughness; the driven cooling mechanism can achieve synchronous cooling and reduce internal and surface defects caused by thermal stress; the driven cooling mechanism can ensure that the cooling airflow acts evenly on every corner of the product, especially the internal corners or grooves, through flexible wind direction adjustment; the driven cooling mechanism can concentrate on cooling high-temperature areas by intelligently adjusting the wind direction and wind speed, avoiding waste of cooling resources; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main stereoscopic structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the ring pressing and retracting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the position relationship between the fixing plate and the I-shaped block of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the position relationship between the I-shaped block and the arc rod of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the position relationship between the connecting block and the rod extrusion ring of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the position relationship between the tilting rod and the circular needle of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the spring wire and the penetrating column position relationship of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the ring gear and the helical gear of the present invention.

[0020] The numbers in the figure are: 1, extruder body; 11, extrusion cylinder; 12, extrusion plate; 13, extrusion rod; 14, placement table; 15, programmable logic controller; 2, ring pressing and retracting mechanism; 21, fixed plate; 22, I-shaped block; 23, pressing column; 24, bottom rod; 25, telescopic rod; 26, arc rod; 27, diamond plate; 28, upper connecting block; 29. Extrusion ring with rod; 210. Right gear plate; 211. Left gear plate; 212. Buckle; 213. Internal gear; 3. Pressing surface mechanism; 31. Connecting block; 32. External rod block; 33. Moving block; 34. Fixed shaft; 35. Arc plate; 36. Support plate; 37. Obstacle column; 38. Rotating ring; 39. Left turntable; 310. Connecting rod; 311. Right turntable; 312. Slide buckle; 313. Roller; 314. Slide rail; 315. Crank rod; 316. Circular needle; 4. Driven cooling mechanism; 41. Spring wire; 42. Through column; 43. Ring gear; 44. Helical gear; 45. Worm; 46. Rotating block; 47. Short rod; 48. Connecting rod; 49. Worm wheel; 410. Fan blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention; Embodiments of the present invention An extruder for aluminum production, reference Figure 1 As shown, it includes an extruder body 1 of a rectangular frame structure, a top end of one side of the extruder body 1 is fixedly connected to an extrusion cylinder 11 for accommodating metal billets and applying high pressure to the metal during the extrusion process, a bottom end of the extrusion cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to an extrusion plate 12 for directly contacting the metal billet during the extrusion process, extrusion rods 13 for pushing the metal billet forward are slidably connected to both sides of the upper surface of the extruder body 1, a placement table 14 for placing the metal billet to be extruded is fixedly connected at the center of the upper surface of the extruder body 1, and a programmable logic controller 15 for realizing automatic operation and precise control of the extruder body 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the extruder body 1; In view of the above-mentioned extruder for aluminum material manufacturing, it can be specifically implemented as follows: The inner walls of both sides of the extrusion rod 13 are provided with a ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2, the lower part of the extrusion plate 12 is provided with a pressing surface mechanism 3, and the upper sides of the extruder body 1 are provided with a driven cooling mechanism 4; refer to Figure 3 As shown, the ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2 is used to help apply pressure evenly so as to reduce the uneven thickness and warping of the profile; refer to Figure 3As shown, the ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2 includes a fixed plate 21 clamped on the outer wall of the placement table 14, and the outer wall of the fixed plate 21 on one side away from the placement table 14 is slidably connected to a protruding block 22, and a plurality of protruding blocks 22 are symmetrically arranged around the fixed plate 21, wherein a pressing column 23 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the protruding block 22 away from the fixed plate 21, and a bottom rod 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the side of the protruding block 22 away from the pressing column 23, and a telescopic rod 25 is slidably connected to the outer wall of one end of the bottom rod 24 away from the protruding block 22, and the lower end surfaces of the plurality of protruding blocks 22 are all rotatably connected to arcuate rods 26, and the plurality of arcuate rods 26 A diamond plate 27 is rotatably connected to one end away from the I-shaped block 22, an upper connecting block 28 is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the multiple I-shaped blocks 22, a rod extrusion ring 29 is fixedly connected to the side away from the I-shaped block 22 of the multiple upper connecting blocks 28, a right tooth plate 210 is slidably connected to the outer wall of one side of the multiple I-shaped blocks 22, a left tooth plate 211 is slidably connected to the side away from the right tooth plate 210 of the multiple I-shaped blocks 22, a buckle 212 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the multiple fixed disks 21 close to the I-shaped block 22, and an inner gear 213 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the multiple buckles 212 away from the fixed disk 21; refer to Figure 4 As shown, the outer wall of the fixed plate 21 is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the plurality of I-shaped blocks 22 are all slidably connected to the plurality of grooves provided on the outer wall of the fixed plate 21, and the side of the diamond plate 27 away from the arc rod 26 is fixedly connected to the inside of the extruder body 1, and the plurality of rod extrusion rings 29 are all cross-tangent to the outer wall of the placement table 14; refer to Figure 4 As shown, a concave surface is provided on one side of the top of the plurality of right tooth plates 210, a convex surface is provided on one side of the top of the plurality of left tooth plates 211, and a slide groove is provided on both sides of the outer walls of the plurality of I-shaped blocks 22. The plurality of right tooth plates 210 and the left tooth plates 211 are slidably connected in the slide grooves provided on both sides of the outer walls of the I-shaped blocks 22. The diameter of the convex surface provided on one side of the top of the plurality of left tooth plates 211 is larger than the diameter of the concave surface provided on one side of the top of the right tooth plate 210. The plurality of internal gears 213 are meshed with the right tooth plate 210 and the internal gear 213 to form a meshing transmission. Summary 1: Compared with the prior art, in the traditional extrusion process, pressure is usually applied in a single direction, such as the extrusion force in the front-to-back direction. The ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2 of the present invention can apply pressure uniformly in multiple directions or multiple circles, so as to better control the flow of the metal blank and avoid excessive local stress caused by pressure concentration; the ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2 can be used to apply pressure more uniformly to the metal blank to ensure that the extruded product has higher symmetry and dimensional accuracy; the ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2 can be used to press the blank from multiple directions to eliminate defects such as pores and cracks, so that the extruded metal material is denser, and the strength and Toughness; Multi-directional extrusion helps to change the grain morphology of the metal, make the grain distribution inside the material more uniform, refine the grains, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the material, such as tensile strength and fatigue life; the ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2 can reduce this phenomenon through the action of multi-directional pressure, making the contact between the metal blank and the mold more uniform, thereby significantly improving the smoothness and quality of the product surface; the ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2 can effectively avoid the problem of insufficient flow or excessive thinning of the edge material, and ensure that the thickness distribution of the extruded part is more uniform; the ring pressing and retracting mechanism 2 can disperse the pressure load borne by the mold and extend the service life of the mold; refer to Figure 5 As shown, the surface pressing mechanism 3 is used to increase the surface roughness and improve the adhesion between the coating anodized layer and the aluminum material; refer to Figure 5 As shown, the pressing surface mechanism 3 includes a connecting block 31 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rod extrusion ring 29, the outer wall of the connecting block 31 on one side away from the rod extrusion ring 29 is fixedly connected to an external rod block 32, the outer wall of the external rod block 32 on one end away from the connecting block 31 is fixedly connected to a moving block 33, the outer wall of the moving block 33 on one side away from the external rod block 32 is penetrated and fixedly connected to a fixed shaft 34, the top of the fixed shaft 34 is fixedly connected to an arc plate 35, the outer wall of the arc plate 35 on one side away from the moving block 33 is fixedly connected to a support plate 36, the outer wall of the bottom end of the arc plate 35 is fixedly connected to an obstacle column 37, the end of the obstacle column 37 away from the arc plate 35 is clamped with a swivel 38, and the swivel A left rotating disk 39 is fixedly connected to the central outer wall of one side of 38, a connecting rod 310 is eccentrically fixedly connected to the side of the left rotating disk 39 away from the rotating ring 38, a right rotating disk 311 is eccentrically fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod 310 away from the left rotating disk 39, a sliding buckle 312 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the right rotating disk 311 away from the connecting rod 310, a roller 313 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sliding buckle 312 away from the right rotating disk 311, a sliding rail 314 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the side of the connecting block 31 away from the rod extrusion ring 29, a tilting rod 315 is rotatably connected to the side of the sliding rail 314 close to the sliding buckle 312, and a circular needle 316 is fixedly connected to the end of the tilting rod 315 away from the sliding rail 314 refer to Figure 5As shown, the moving block 33 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft 34, the end of the support plate 36 away from the arc plate 35 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed disk 21, the arc plate 35 is rotatably connected to the top outer wall of the support plate 36, a conical groove is provided inside the rotating ring 38, and the end of the obstacle column 37 close to the rotating ring 38 eccentrically abuts against the conical groove provided inside the rotating ring 38; refer to Figure 6 As shown, the side of the slide rail 314 away from the connection block 31 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed plate 21, the outer wall of one side of the tilting rod 315 is provided with a smooth curved surface, the initial position of the outer wall of the roller 313 is attached to the smooth curved surface of the outer wall of one side of the tilting rod 315, and the circular needle 316 is on the same vertical plane as the placement table 14; Summary 2: Compared with the existing technology that has defects such as pores and cracks on the surface of the metal billet, the present invention can increase the surface roughness by puncturing the surface of the aluminum billet, thereby improving the adhesion between the coating or anodized layer and the aluminum material. This is especially important for subsequent surface treatment of aluminum profiles such as spraying, coating, anodizing, etc., because higher adhesion can ensure a more durable surface treatment effect; surface puncturing can increase the contact area between aluminum and other materials such as adhesives, welding materials, etc., and enhance the welding or bonding effect; the puncturing process will form some tiny depressions and protrusions on the surface of the aluminum profile, which helps to enhance the surface's resistance to friction and wear, especially when the aluminum profile is used in applications with high friction such as mechanical parts or high-load parts, surface puncturing can provide better durability; during the puncturing process, local pressure and local force can promote the refinement of the aluminum surface grains, thereby improving the surface hardness and strength of the material; puncturing helps to change the stress distribution on the surface of the aluminum material, reduce local stress concentration, and avoid cracks or damage during subsequent processing or use; refer to Figure 7 As shown, the driven cooling mechanism 4 is used to accelerate the cooling process so that the aluminum profile can be transformed from a high temperature state to a solid state more quickly; refer to Figure 7 As shown, the driven cooling mechanism 4 includes a spring wire 41 fixedly connected to the upper surface of one side of the right tooth plate 210, an eccentric part of one end of the spring wire 41 away from the right tooth plate 210 is fixedly connected with a through column 42, an outer wall of one end of the through column 42 away from the spring wire 41 is rotatably connected with a ring gear 43, an outer wall of the ring gear 43 away from the through column 42 is provided with a helical gear 44, a side of the helical gear 44 away from the ring gear 43 is fixedly connected with a worm 45, an outer wall of the worm 45 is rotatably connected with a rotating block 46, an end of the rotating block 46 away from the worm 45 is rotatably connected with a short rod 47, an end of the short rod 47 away from the rotating block 46 is rotatably connected with a connecting rod 48, an end of the connecting rod 48 away from the short rod 47 is rotatably connected with a worm wheel 49, and an end of the worm 45 away from the helical gear 44 is fixedly connected with a fan blade 410; refer to Figure 7 As shown, the ring gear 43 and the helical gear 44 mesh with each other and form a meshing transmission, and the side of the helical gear 44 away from the ring gear 43 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the fixed plate 21; refer to Figure 8 As shown, the worm wheel 49 and the worm 45 mesh with each other and form a meshing transmission, and the initial position of the fan blade 410 is on the same horizontal plane as the placement table 14; Summary 3: Compared with the prior art, the temperature of metal materials is relatively high. If the cooling is not timely or uniform, it may cause deformation or inconsistent shrinkage. The driven cooling mechanism 4 of the present invention can evenly cover the entire product surface by blowing cooling air from multiple angles at the same time, significantly accelerating the cooling speed and shortening the production cycle; multi-directional blowing can avoid local overheating problems during the cooling process, thereby maintaining the dimensional accuracy of the product; rapid and uniform cooling helps to refine the grains inside the metal, reduce excessive grain growth, and improve the mechanical properties of the material, such as strength, hardness and toughness; the driven cooling mechanism 4 can achieve synchronous cooling and reduce internal and surface defects caused by thermal stress; the driven cooling mechanism 4 can ensure that the cooling airflow acts evenly on every corner of the product, especially the internal corners or grooves, through flexible wind direction adjustment; the driven cooling mechanism 4 can centrally cool high-temperature areas by intelligently adjusting the wind direction and wind speed to avoid waste of cooling resources.

[0022] The complete working principle and steps of the above embodiment are as follows: Initial Limitation: 1. Preparation Phase Before the extruder main body 1 starts working, a series of preparations need to be completed to ensure the smooth progress of the entire operation process. These preparations include placing metal billets, checking the equipment status, and setting process parameters.

[0023] Preparation of metal blanks: The metal billet is the raw material for extrusion, which can be a cast cylindrical metal bar or a billet of other shapes. The operator or automated equipment transfers the billet to the placement table 14 of the extruder. The design of the placement table 14 ensures that the billet remains stable during transportation and loading, and the billet can be positioned to ensure that it is located at the inlet center of the extrusion cylinder 11.

[0024] Device status check: Before the extruder body 1 is operated, the lubrication state, cooling system and electrical control system of the equipment are checked to ensure that the equipment is in a normal state. Check whether the extrusion plate 12 and the extrusion rod 13 slide smoothly and ensure that there are no impurities or residues in the extrusion cylinder 11.

[0025] Setting of process parameters: Using the programmable logic controller 15, the operator can set the extrusion pressure, extrusion speed, temperature and other parameters according to the material, specifications and final shape of the metal billet. These parameters are transmitted to each key component through the controller to ensure the accuracy of the extrusion process; 2. Billet loading and positioning Automatic or manual loading of blanks: The metal blank is fed into the extrusion cylinder 11 from the placement table 14 through a feeding mechanism or manual operation. During the feeding process, the guide device of the placement table 14 can ensure that the blank enters the extrusion cylinder 11 along the correct trajectory to avoid deviation or jamming.

[0026] Positioning and fixing: After the blank enters the extrusion cylinder 11, it will be aligned with the extrusion plate 12 and the die by the positioning device. The accuracy of positioning is directly related to the quality of product forming, so the design of the placement table 14 and the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder 11 is usually high-precision processing.

[0027] 3. Extrusion Process Extrusion forming is the core link of the operation of the extruder body 1. In this process, various components of the extruder body 1 work together to press the metal billet into the required profile through the die.

[0028] Start of squeeze action: According to the instruction issued by the programmable logic controller 15, the extrusion rod 13 is started, pushing the extrusion plate 12 to slowly move into the extrusion cylinder 11. The extrusion plate 12 begins to apply pressure to the metal blank.

[0029] In the initial stage, the extrusion force gradually increases with the movement of the extrusion plate 12 until the blank begins to flow plastically.

[0030] Deformation and flow of metal billets: Under the action of high pressure, the metal blank begins to plastically deform and flows toward the outlet of the extrusion cylinder 11. Since a die is installed at the outlet of the extrusion cylinder 11, the metal must pass through the die channel to be extruded into a predetermined cross-sectional shape.

[0031] The high-precision design of the extrusion cylinder 11 and the extrusion plate 12 can ensure uniform pressure distribution, avoid stress concentration in the blank, and prevent cracks or uneven deformation of the product.

[0032] In addition, the programmable logic controller 15 monitors the extrusion force, extrusion speed and other parameters in real time to ensure the stability of metal flow, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the finished product. When using: Ring press retraction mechanism used to help evenly apply pressure to reduce uneven thickness and warping of profiles 2 steps: like Figure 3 to Figure 4 As shown, when the metal blank begins to undergo plastic deformation under the action of high pressure, the operator pushes the pressing column 23 fixedly connected to one side of the I-shaped block 22, so that the I-shaped block 22 moves toward the center of the fixed disk 21 in the slide rail 314 provided on the outer wall of the fixed disk 21. In addition, one point of the I-shaped block 22 will cause the arc rod 26 rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the I-shaped block 22 to deflect, and at the same time, the deflection of the arc rod 26 will drive the diamond plate 27 rotatably connected to one end thereof to deflect and rotate, and the movement of the I-shaped block 22 will also cause the telescopic rods 25 slidably connected to the two ends of the bottom rod 24 to retract toward each other, thereby the movement of one of the I-shaped blocks 22 will drive the remaining symmetrically arranged I-shaped blocks 22 to move synchronously with the center of the fixed disk 21 The extrusion ring 29 with a rod fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner gear 213 will move to the outer wall of the metal blank placed inside the placing table 14 to achieve the extrusion effect. At the same time, the I-shaped block 22 will also drive the right tooth plate 210 and the left tooth plate 211 on the outer walls on both sides thereof to move synchronously during the movement. If the metal blank placed in the placing table 14 is offset, the convex surface set at one end of the left tooth plate 211 or the concave surface set at one end of the right tooth plate 210 will successively contact the outer wall of the metal blank, and the metal blank provides a reverse force to push the left tooth plate 211 or the right tooth plate 210 that contacts the outer wall of the metal blank, and the buckle 212 will be pushed to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of calibrating and resetting the offset metal blank. The 3-step surface pressing mechanism used to increase the surface roughness and improve the adhesion between the coating anodized layer and the aluminum material: like Figures 5 and 6As shown, when the rod extrusion ring 29 moves synchronously with the I-shaped block 22 toward the center of the fixed disk 21, the connecting block 31 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rod extrusion ring 29 will synchronously move inside the tilting rod 315, thereby the external rod block 32 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting block 31 will pull the moving block 33 fixedly connected at one end thereof to slide on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 34, and the sliding of the moving block 33 will also cause the arc plate 35 to deflect left and right, so the deflection of the arc plate 35 will cause the obstacle column 37 fixedly connected to one side thereof to push the swivel 38 clamped at the eccentric position of the swivel 38 to rotate, and then the rotation of the swivel 38 will drive the left turntable 39 fixedly connected to one side thereof. The left turntable 39 rotates, so that the connecting rod 310 eccentrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the left turntable 39 moves with the rotation of the left turntable 39, and the movement of the connecting rod 310 also drives the right turntable 311 fixedly connected to one side thereof to rotate, so that the rotation of the right turntable 311 also drives the slider 312 fixedly connected to one side thereof to rotate, and when the slider 312 rotates, the roller 313 connected to the rotation of the inner wall thereof drives the smooth curved surface provided at the bottom end of the tilting rod 315 to deviate and swing up and down, so that the circular needle 316 fixedly connected to the lower end of one side of the tilting rod 315 can penetrate the upper outer wall of the metal blank placed inside the placing table 14 with the up and down deviating swing of the tilting rod 315; The driven cooling mechanism used to accelerate the cooling process so that the aluminum profile can be transformed from a high temperature state to a solid state more quickly has 4 steps: like Figures 7 and 8 As shown, when the right tooth plate 210 moves, the spring wire 41 fixedly connected to its surface will move together, and the movement of the spring wire 41 will pull the through-column 42 eccentrically fixedly connected at one end thereof to rotate, thereby the ring gear 43 rotatably connected to one end of the through-column 42 will rotate, and the rotation of the ring gear 43 will drive the helical gear 44 meshing therewith to rotate, thereby the rotation of the helical gear 44 will drive the worm 45 fixedly connected at one end thereof to rotate, and the rotation of the worm 45 will also drive the fan blade 410 rotatably connected at one end thereof to rotate. The worm 45 rotates, thereby cooling the metal blank placed inside the placing table 14. In addition, the rotation of the worm 45 will also drive the worm wheel 49 meshing therewith to move horizontally, and then the movement of the worm wheel 49 will drive the connecting rod 48 connected to one side to deflect, and the deflection of the connecting rod 48 will drive the short rod 47 connected to one end to deflect, and then the deflection of the short rod 47 will pull the rotating block 46 to deflect, so that the worm 45 will drive the fan blade 410 to swing slightly up and down with a small amplitude, thereby achieving air blowing cooling at different angles; Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An extruder for aluminum manufacturing, comprising an extruder body (1) of a rectangular frame structure, wherein an extrusion cylinder (11) for accommodating a metal billet and applying high pressure to the metal during the extrusion process is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the extruder body (1), wherein an extrusion plate (12) for directly contacting the metal billet during the extrusion process is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion cylinder (11), wherein extrusion rods (13) for pushing the metal billet forward are slidably connected to both sides of the upper surface of the extruder body (1), wherein a placement table (14) for placing the metal billet to be extruded is fixedly connected at the center of the upper surface of the extruder body (1), wherein a programmable logic controller (15) for realizing automatic operation and precise control of the extruder body (1) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the extruder body (1), wherein the programmable logic controller (15) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the extruder body (1), wherein the programmable logic controller (15) is fixedly connected to realize automatic operation and precise control of the extruder body (1), wherein the programmable logic controller (15) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end ... The inner walls on both sides of the extrusion rod (13) are provided with a ring pressing and retracting mechanism (2), the lower part of the extrusion plate (12) is provided with a pressing surface mechanism (3), and the upper sides of the extruder body (1) are provided with a driven cooling mechanism (4); The ring pressure retraction mechanism (2) is used to help evenly apply pressure, thereby reducing uneven thickness and warping of the profile; The surface pressing mechanism (3) is used to increase the surface roughness and improve the adhesion between the coating anodized layer and the aluminum material; The driven cooling mechanism (4) is used to accelerate the cooling process so that the aluminum profile can be transformed from a high temperature state to a solid state more quickly.

2. An extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring pressing and retracting mechanism (2) comprises a fixed plate (21) clamped on the outer wall of the placement table (14); the outer wall of the fixed plate (21) on one side away from the placement table (14) is slidably connected to an I-shaped block (22); a plurality of I-shaped blocks (22) are symmetrically arranged around the fixed plate (21); a pressing column (23) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the I-shaped blocks (22) on the side away from the fixed plate (21); a bottom rod (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the I-shaped block (22) on the side away from the pressing column (23); a telescopic rod (25) is slidably connected to the outer wall of one end of the bottom rod (24) away from the I-shaped block (22); the lower end surfaces of the plurality of I-shaped blocks (22) are all rotatably connected to arcuate rods (26); the plurality of arcuate rods (26) 26) One end away from the I-shaped block (22) is rotatably connected to a diamond plate (27), the upper surfaces of the multiple I-shaped blocks (22) are fixedly connected to an upper connecting block (28), the side of the multiple upper connecting blocks (28) away from the I-shaped block (22) is fixedly connected to a rod extrusion ring (29), the outer wall of one side of the multiple I-shaped blocks (22) is slidably connected to a right tooth plate (210), the side of the multiple I-shaped blocks (22) away from the right tooth plate (210) is slidably connected to a left tooth plate (211), the inner wall of one side of the multiple fixed disks (21) close to the I-shaped block (22) is fixedly connected to a buckle (212), and the inner wall of one side of the multiple buckles (212) away from the fixed disk (21) is rotatably connected to an internal gear (213).

3. An extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fixed disk (21) is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the plurality of I-shaped blocks (22) are slidably connected to the plurality of grooves provided on the outer wall of the fixed disk (21); the side of the diamond plate (27) away from the arc rod (26) is fixedly connected to the inside of the extruder body (1); and the plurality of rod extrusion rings (29) are cross-tangent to the outer wall of the placement table (14).

4. An extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A concave surface is provided on one side of the top end of the plurality of right tooth plates (210), a convex surface is provided on one side of the top end of the plurality of left tooth plates (211), a slide groove is provided on both side outer walls of the plurality of I-shaped blocks (22), the plurality of right tooth plates (210) and the left tooth plates (211) are slidably connected in the slide grooves provided on both side outer walls of the I-shaped blocks (22), the diameter of the convex surface provided on the top end of the plurality of left tooth plates (211) is larger than the diameter of the concave surface provided on the top end of the right tooth plate (210), and the plurality of internal gears (213) are meshed with the right tooth plate (210) and the internal gear (213) to form a meshing transmission.

5. The extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing surface mechanism (3) comprises a connecting block (31) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rod extrusion ring (29); an outer wall of the connecting block (31) on a side away from the rod extrusion ring (29) is fixedly connected to an external rod block (32); an outer wall of the external rod block (32) on an end away from the connecting block (31) is fixedly connected to a moving block (33); an outer wall of the moving block (33) on a side away from the external rod block (32) is penetrated and fixedly connected to a fixed shaft (34); a top end of the fixed shaft (34) is fixedly connected to an arc plate (35); an outer wall of the arc plate (35) on a side away from the moving block (33) is fixedly connected to a support plate (36); an outer wall of the bottom end of the arc plate (35) is fixedly connected to an obstacle column (37); an end of the obstacle column (37) away from the arc plate (35) is clamped with a swivel (38); the swivel (38) A left rotating disk (39) is fixedly connected to the central outer wall of one side of the rotating ring (38); a connecting rod (310) is eccentrically fixedly connected to the side of the left rotating disk (39) away from the rotating ring (38); an end of the connecting rod (310) away from the left rotating disk (39) is eccentrically fixedly connected to the right rotating disk (311); a sliding buckle (312) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side of the right rotating disk (311) away from the connecting rod (310); a roller (313) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side of the sliding buckle (312) away from the right rotating disk (311); a sliding rail (314) is slidably connected to the bottom end of the side of the connecting block (31) away from the rod extrusion ring (29); a tilting rod (315) is rotatably connected to the side of the sliding rail (314) close to the sliding buckle (312); and a circular needle (316) is fixedly connected to the end of the tilting rod (315) away from the sliding rail (314).

6. An extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moving block (33) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft (34); one end of the support plate (36) away from the arc plate (35) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed disk (21); the arc plate (35) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the top end of the support plate (36); a conical groove is provided inside the rotating ring (38); and one end of the obstacle column (37) close to the rotating ring (38) eccentrically abuts against the conical groove provided inside the rotating ring (38).

7. An extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the slide rail (314) away from the connection block (31) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed plate (21); the outer wall of one side of the tilting rod (315) is provided with a smooth curved surface; the initial position of the outer wall of the roller (313) is in contact with the smooth curved surface provided on the outer wall of one side of the tilting rod (315); and the circular needle (316) and the placement table (14) are located on the same vertical plane.

8. An extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driven cooling mechanism (4) comprises a spring wire (41) fixedly connected to an upper surface of one side of the right tooth plate (210); a through-column (42) is fixedly connected to an eccentric portion of one end of the spring wire (41) away from the right tooth plate (210); an outer wall of an end of the through-column (42) away from the spring wire (41) is rotatably connected to a ring gear (43); an outer wall of a side of the ring gear (43) away from the through-column (42) is provided with a helical gear (44); and the helical gear (44) is away from the ring gear ( A worm (45) is fixedly connected to one side of the worm (43); an outer wall of the worm (45) is rotatably connected to a rotating block (46); an end of the rotating block (46) away from the worm (45) is rotatably connected to a short rod (47); an end of the short rod (47) away from the rotating block (46) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (48); an end of the connecting rod (48) away from the short rod (47) is rotatably connected to a worm wheel (49); and an end of the worm (45) away from the helical gear (44) is fixedly connected to a fan blade (410).

9. An extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ring gear (43) and the helical gear (44) mesh with each other to form a meshing transmission, and the helical gear (44) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the fixed disk (21) at a side away from the ring gear (43).

10. An extruder for aluminum material manufacturing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The worm wheel (49) and the worm (45) mesh with each other to form a meshing transmission, and the initial position of the fan blade (410) is on the same horizontal plane as the placement table (14).

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