Clamping tool for special-shaped die forging blank and machining reference preparation method

Abstract

The invention provides a clamping tool for a special-shaped die forging blank. A fixed clamping jaw 1 is mounted on a jaw vice 7, is fixed by a bolt and cannot move; the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping section 5 form a clamping tool, one side of the fixed clamping end 2 is tightly attached to the fixed clamping jaw 1, and the other side of the fixed clamping end 2 is in actual contact with the forge piece blank 3; the non-fixed clamping end 5 is tightly attached to the sliding clamping jaw 6, and the other side of the non-fixed clamping end 5 makes actual contact with the forge piece blank 3 and is pushed by the sliding clamping jaw 6 to achieve clamping. The sliding clamping jaw 6 is installed on the vice 7 and slides along with a movable block of the vice 7. The vice 7 is a clamp used for clamping a workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to a mechanical processing method, and in particular relates to a clamping tool and a processing reference preparation method for a special-shaped die forging blank. Background Art

[0002] Forgings and castings have the advantages of high strength, high hardness, high toughness, high fatigue resistance, high corrosion resistance, etc. At the same time, they can also reduce material waste and processing time, and are widely used in key load-bearing parts of aerospace and automobiles. With the widespread application of integrated design principles in the design of new generation products, the structure and shape of die forging blanks are becoming more and more complex, which brings great difficulties to the precise preparation of the processing benchmark of die forging blanks.

[0003] At present, the main processing method for special-shaped die forging blanks is to first mark the machining positioning holes or reference surfaces on the blanks by benchwork; then use general milling to machine the positioning holes or reference surfaces according to the position of the markings; finally, the subsequent parts can be processed in the CNC machining center. The current machining reference preparation process for die forging blanks has the following problems:

[0004] 1. Due to the large tolerance of the blank of the special-shaped die forging, the influence of the draft bevel, underpressure and misalignment, the straightening and alignment during the marking process of the fitter is difficult, the workload of the allowance distribution calculation is large and prone to errors, which directly leads to insufficient local allowance of the parts, marking requires the assistance of multiple people and is time-consuming, and has very high skill requirements and high labor intensity.

[0005] 2. Due to the limitation of the blank's special shape, it is difficult to clamp the parts during the general milling process, and the removal amount of each reference surface needs to be adjusted manually to avoid reference deviation.

[0006] 3. Both bench marking and general milling require manual skills, long process preparation time, long turnover cycle, high management cost, and low production organization efficiency, which have become the bottleneck process of automated batch production. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present application provides a clamping tool and a processing reference preparation method for a special-shaped die forging blank, which can solve the technical problem of low production efficiency of the special-shaped die forging blank.

[0008] Technical solution:

[0009] On the first aspect, the present application provides a clamping tool for a special-shaped die forging blank, wherein a fixed jaw 1 is installed on a vise 7, fixed by bolts and cannot be moved; a fixed clamping end 2 and a non-fixed clamping section 5 constitute a clamping tool, one side of the fixed clamping end 2 is tightly fitted with the fixed jaw 1, and the other side is actually in contact with the forging blank 3; the non-fixed clamping end 5 is tightly fitted with a sliding jaw 6, and the other side is actually in contact with the forging blank 3, and is pushed by the sliding jaw 6 to achieve clamping; the sliding jaw 6 is installed on the vise 7 and slides with the movable block of the vise 7; the vise 7 is a clamp for clamping workpieces.

[0010] Specifically, regularly arranged serrations are provided on the clamping surfaces of the fixed clamping jaw 1 and the sliding clamping jaw 6 to increase the clamping force during clamping.

[0011] Specifically, the clamping height of the fixed clamping jaw 1 is not less than 2 / 3 of the height of the fixed clamping end 2 , and the clamping height of the sliding clamping jaw 6 is not less than 2 / 3 of the height of the non-fixed clamping end 5 .

[0012] Specifically, the clamping width of the fixed clamping jaw 1 is not less than 2 / 3 of the width of the fixed clamping end 2 , and the clamping width of the sliding clamping jaw 6 is not less than 2 / 3 of the width of the non-fixed clamping end 5 .

[0013] Specifically, the contact surfaces of the fixed clamping end 2 , the non-fixed clamping end 5 and the forging blank 3 should be consistent with the surface shape of the forging blank 3 so as to achieve close fitting and positioning.

[0014] Specifically, the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 should be separated and arranged according to the parting surface 4 of the die forging.

[0015] Specifically, the contact surface between the fixed clamping end 2 and the fixed jaw 1 should be consistent in position and size with the contact surface between the non-fixed clamping end 5 and the sliding jaw 6, so that when clamping, the forces exerted by the vise 7 on the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 offset each other and there is no deflection torque.

[0016] Specifically, a corresponding positioning structure should be provided between the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 to ensure that the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 will not be misaligned during clamping.

[0017] Specifically, during clamping, there is a gap of not less than 1 mm between the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 , and clamping is achieved by close contact between the fixed clamping end 2 , the non-fixed clamping end 5 and the forging blank 3 .

[0018] On the second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a processing reference of a special-shaped die forging blank, according to which a fixed clamping end 2 and a non-fixed clamping end 5 of a special clamping tool are prepared according to the parting surface 4 of the die forging, and a vise 7 of suitable specifications is selected; the vise 7 is fixed on a three-axis CNC machining center, the fixed clamping end 2 is tightly fitted with the fixed jaw 1 of the vise, and the non-fixed clamping end 5 is tightly fitted with the sliding jaw 6 of the vise, and the die forging blank 3 is fitted with the fixed clamping end 2 surface according to the shape, the vise 7 is adjusted with a wrench, and the sliding non-fixed clamping end 6 is fitted and clamped with the other side of the die forging blank 3; the workpiece coordinate system G54 is set on the CNC machine tool, the X-axis origin is set on the center dividing plane of the A and B surfaces, the Y-axis origin is set on the center dividing plane of the C and D surfaces, and the Z-axis origin is set on the upper surface of the fixed clamping end.

[0019] In summary, the present invention provides a method for preparing a clamping tool and processing reference for a special-shaped die forging blank. The fixture has a simple structure and can be made of low-cost aluminum alloy. The operation is simple and reliable, and positioning can be achieved by simply clamping the vise. The method has strong applicability and is particularly suitable for the preparation of processing references for die forging blanks with complex structures. The method has great promotion significance, and the accuracy of reference preparation can be controlled within ±0.1mm, which can effectively ensure the consistency of processing quality of die forging parts. At the same time, it can be widely used in CNC automated batch processing, which is beneficial to saving labor costs and improving production organization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a clamping tool for a special-shaped die forging blank provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a machining coordinate system of a clamping tool for a special-shaped die forging blank provided by the present invention;

[0022] Among them: 1-fixed clamping jaw, 2-fixed clamping end, 3-die forging blank, 4, parting surface, 5-non-fixed clamping end, 6-sliding clamping jaw, 7-vice. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] The present invention discloses a clamping tool for a special-shaped die forging blank. The principle is to prepare a special clamping tool according to a production reference of a parting surface 4 of the die forging. The special clamping tool comprises a fixed clamping end 2, a non-fixed clamping end 5 and a vise 7. The fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 are designed and manufactured according to the shape of the die forging blank, and the surface with a small amount of blank left is selected as the abutment reference as much as possible. The specification of the vise 7 is selected according to the height of the fixed clamping end 2. Under normal circumstances, the clamping height of the vise 7 is not less than 2 / 3 of the height of the fixed clamping end.

[0025] Fix the vise 7 on the three-axis CNC machining center, fit the fixed clamping end 2 tightly with the fixed clamping jaw 1 of the vise, fit the non-fixed clamping end 5 tightly with the sliding clamping jaw 6 of the vise, fit the die forging blank 3 with the fixed clamping end 2 profile according to the shape, adjust the vise 7 with a wrench, and slide the non-fixed clamping end 5 to fit and clamp the other side of the die forging blank 3. Then set the workpiece coordinate system G54 on the CNC machine tool, set the X-axis origin on the center plane of the A and B surfaces, the Y-axis origin on the center plane of the C and D surfaces, and the Z-axis origin on the upper surface of the fixed clamping end. Finally, execute the CNC program to process the reference hole and reference surface of the die forging blank.

[0026] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present application provides a clamping tool for a special-shaped die forging blank, comprising a fixed clamping jaw 1, a fixed clamping end 2, a forging blank 3, a parting surface 4 of the die forging, a non-fixed clamping end 5, a sliding clamping jaw 6, and a vise 7, wherein:

[0027] The fixed clamping jaw 1 is mounted on the vise 7 and is fixed by bolts and cannot be moved.

[0028] The fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping section 5 form a clamping fixture. One side of the fixed clamping end 2 is tightly fitted with the fixed clamping jaw 1, and the other side is actually in contact with the forging blank 3.

[0029] The non-fixed clamping end 5 is tightly fitted with the sliding clamping jaw 6, and the other side is actually in contact with the forging blank 3, and is pushed by the sliding clamping jaw 6 to achieve clamping.

[0030] The sliding jaw 6 is mounted on the vise 7 and can slide along with the movable block of the vise 7 .

[0031] The vise 7 is a clamp for clamping a workpiece.

[0032] Specifically, regularly arranged serrations are provided on the clamping surfaces of the fixed clamping jaw 1 and the sliding clamping jaw 6 to increase the clamping force during clamping.

[0033] Specifically, the clamping height of the fixed clamping jaw 1 is not less than 2 / 3 of the height of the fixed clamping end 2 , and the clamping height of the sliding clamping jaw 6 is not less than 2 / 3 of the height of the non-fixed clamping end 5 .

[0034] Specifically, the clamping width of the fixed clamping jaw 1 is not less than 2 / 3 of the width of the fixed clamping end 2 , and the clamping width of the sliding clamping jaw 6 is not less than 2 / 3 of the width of the non-fixed clamping end 5 .

[0035] Specifically, the contact surfaces of the fixed clamping end 2 , the non-fixed clamping end 5 and the forging blank 3 should be consistent with the surface shape of the forging blank 3 so as to achieve close fitting and positioning.

[0036] Specifically, the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 should be separately designed and manufactured according to the parting surface 4 of the die forging.

[0037] Specifically, the contact surface between the fixed clamping end 2 and the fixed jaw 1 should be consistent in position and size with the contact surface between the non-fixed clamping end 5 and the sliding jaw 6, so that when clamping, the forces exerted by the vise 7 on the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 offset each other and there is no deflection torque.

[0038] Specifically, a corresponding positioning structure should be provided between the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 to ensure that the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 will not be misaligned during clamping.

[0039] Specifically, during clamping, there should be a gap of not less than 1 mm between the fixed clamping end 2 and the non-fixed clamping end 5 , and clamping is achieved by close contact between the fixed clamping end 2 , the non-fixed clamping end 5 and the forging blank 3 .

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] The invention discloses a processing benchmark preparation method for a special-shaped die forging blank, the method comprising:

[0042] Step 1, prepare a fixed clamping end 2 and a non-fixed clamping end 5 of a special clamping tool according to the parting surface 4 of the die forging, and select a vise 7 of appropriate specifications;

[0043] Step 2, fix the vise 7 on the three-axis CNC machining center, fit the fixed clamping end 2 tightly with the fixed clamping jaw 1 of the vise, fit the non-fixed clamping end 5 tightly with the sliding clamping jaw 6 of the vise, fit the die forging blank 3 with the fixed clamping end 2 according to the shape, adjust the vise 7 with a wrench, and slide the non-fixed clamping end 6 to fit and clamp the other side of the die forging blank 3;

[0044] Step 3: Set the workpiece coordinate system G54 on the CNC machine tool, set the X-axis origin on the center plane of the A and B surfaces, the Y-axis origin on the center plane of the C and D surfaces, and the Z-axis origin on the upper surface of the fixed clamping end;

[0045] Among them, surface A is the contact surface between the fixed clamping end 2 and the fixed clamping jaw 1. Surface B is the contact surface between the non-fixed clamping end 5 and the sliding clamping jaw 6. Surface C is the side surface of the fixed clamping end 2, and surface D is the other side surface of the fixed clamping end 2.

[0046] Step 4: Execute the CNC program to process the reference hole and reference surface of the die forging blank.

[0047] In summary, the present invention provides a method for preparing a processing benchmark for a special-shaped die forging blank and a method for designing and manufacturing a tooling. The fixture has a simple structure and can be made of low-cost aluminum alloy. The operation is simple and reliable, and positioning can be achieved by simply clamping the vise. The method has strong applicability and is particularly suitable for the preparation of processing benchmarks for die forging blanks with complex structures. The method has great significance for promotion, and the accuracy of benchmark preparation can be controlled within ±0.1mm, which can effectively ensure the consistency of the processing quality of die forging parts. At the same time, it can be widely used in CNC automated batch processing, which is beneficial to saving labor costs and improving production organization efficiency.

Claims

1. A clamping tool for a special-shaped die forging blank, characterized in that: The fixed clamping jaw (1) is installed on the vise (7) and is fixed by bolts and cannot move; the fixed clamping end (2) and the non-fixed clamping section 5 form a clamping tool, one side of the fixed clamping end (2) is tightly fitted with the fixed clamping jaw (1), and the other side is actually in contact with the forging blank (3); the non-fixed clamping end (5) is tightly fitted with the sliding clamping jaw (6), and the other side is actually in contact with the forging blank (3), and is pushed by the sliding clamping jaw (6) to achieve clamping; the sliding clamping jaw (6) is installed on the vise (7) and slides with the movable block of the vise (7); the vise (7) is a clamp used for clamping a workpiece.

2. The clamping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping surfaces of the fixed clamping jaw (1) and the sliding clamping jaw (6) are both provided with regularly arranged saw teeth to increase the clamping force during clamping.

3. The clamping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping height of the fixed clamping jaw (1) is not less than 2 / 3 of the height of the fixed clamping end (2), and the clamping height of the sliding clamping jaw (6) is not less than 2 / 3 of the height of the non-fixed clamping end (5).

4. The clamping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping width of the fixed clamping jaw (1) is not less than 2 / 3 of the width of the fixed clamping end (2), and the clamping width of the sliding clamping jaw (6) is not less than 2 / 3 of the width of the non-fixed clamping end (5).

5. The clamping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surfaces of the fixed clamping end (2), the non-fixed clamping end (5) and the forging blank (3) should be consistent with the surface shape of the forging blank (3) so as to achieve close fitting and positioning.

6. The clamping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed clamping end (2) and the non-fixed clamping end (5) should be separated and arranged according to the parting surface (4) of the die forging.

7. The clamping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the fixed clamping end (2) and the fixed clamping jaw (1) should be consistent in position and size with the contact surface between the non-fixed clamping end (5) and the sliding clamping jaw (6), so that when clamping, the forces exerted by the vise (7) on the fixed clamping end (2) and the non-fixed clamping end (5) offset each other and there is no deflection moment.

8. The clamping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A corresponding positioning structure should be provided between the fixed clamping end (2) and the non-fixed clamping end (5) to ensure that the fixed clamping end (2) and the non-fixed clamping end (5) will not be misaligned during clamping.

9. The clamping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: During clamping, a gap of not less than 1 mm exists between the fixed clamping end (2) and the non-fixed clamping end (5), and clamping is achieved through close contact between the fixed clamping end (2), the non-fixed clamping end (5) and the forging blank (3).

10. A method for preparing a processing benchmark for a special-shaped die forging blank, characterized in that: According to the die parting surface (4) of the die forging, a fixed clamping end (2) and a non-fixed clamping end (5) of a special clamping tool are prepared, and a vise (7) of suitable specifications is selected; the vise (7) is fixed on a three-axis CNC machining center, the fixed clamping end (2) is closely fitted with the fixed clamping jaw (1) of the vise, and the non-fixed clamping end (5) is closely fitted with the sliding clamping jaw (6) of the vise, and the die forging blank (3) is fitted with the fixed clamping end (2) according to the shape, and the vise (7) is adjusted with a wrench, and the sliding non-fixed clamping end 6 is fitted with the other side of the die forging blank (3) and clamped; the workpiece coordinate system G54 is set on the CNC machine tool, the X-axis origin is set on the middle dividing surface of the two surfaces A and B, the Y-axis origin is set on the middle dividing surface of the two surfaces C and D, and the Z-axis origin is set on the upper surface of the fixed clamping end.

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