Drilling mechanism for machining based on speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling instruments, and discloses a drilling mechanism for machining based on a speed reducer, the drilling mechanism comprises an operation table, a drilling part, a clamping part and a linear driving part, and the clamping part comprises a sliding base arranged on the top face of the operation table in a sliding mode, a clamping table arranged on the sliding base, a rotating assembly and a pressing assembly; the top face of the clamping table is provided with a limiting block matched with the outer side of the speed reducer shell and a plurality of through type correcting grooves. The pressing assembly comprises a pressing piece arranged above the clamping table, a correcting piece fixed to the bottom of the pressing piece and a linear telescopic piece which is connected with the sliding base and drives the pressing piece to ascend and descend. The pressing assembly is used for pressing and fixing the speed reduction shell, and can automatically compensate mechanical errors in the rotary indexing process of the clamping table through forced sliding fit of the correcting piece and the correcting groove, so that it is ensured that the clamping table is accurately reset to the standard position before drilling every time; and the assembling consistency of the connecting holes of the speed reducer shell is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, and more specifically, to a drilling mechanism based on a speed reducer. Background Art

[0002] The reducer is a core transmission device that realizes power transmission and speed regulation through gear meshing or worm gear transmission. Its main function is to convert the high-speed and low-torque output of the prime mover (such as electric motors and internal combustion engines) into low-speed and high-torque output to meet the specific requirements of industrial equipment for power characteristics. The typical structure includes core components such as input shaft, output shaft, gear pair (or worm gear), housing and bearings. It is widely used in engineering machinery, automated production lines, transportation equipment and other fields. While ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the power system, it realizes the optimized control of mechanical energy transmission by accurately matching the load characteristics. It is a key basic component of the power transmission system of modern industrial equipment.

[0003] In the production and processing of the reducer housing, the high-precision drilling process of the connection end face is a key technical link to achieve reliable bolt connection with other components. Existing drilling parts usually use a fixture to clamp the housing, and then align the surface to be processed with the drill bit by rotating the fixture for drilling. Although such equipment relies on an automatic control system to achieve angle adjustment, its rotary transmission mechanism is prone to mechanical wear and component aging under long-term high-load conditions, resulting in a gradual attenuation of the rotation positioning accuracy. This systematic error will directly cause the actual processing position of the housing connection hole to deviate from the theoretical design coordinates, thereby causing matching deviations during component assembly. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling mechanism based on a reducer for processing to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a drilling mechanism for processing a speed reducer, comprising: an operating table, a drilling component, a clamping component and a linear driving component, wherein the clamping component comprises a slide seat slidably arranged on the top surface of the operating table, a clamping table arranged on the slide seat, a rotating component and a pressing component; the top surface of the clamping table is provided with a limit block and a plurality of through-type correction grooves that cooperate with the outer side of the speed reducer housing; the pressing component comprises a pressing piece arranged above the clamping table, a correction piece fixed to the bottom of the pressing piece, and a linear telescopic piece connected to the slide seat and driving the pressing piece to rise and fall;

[0007] The bottom end of the correction member is provided with a contact body adapted to the shape of the correction groove. When the linear telescopic member drives the pressing member to press down, the contact and extrusion between the correction member and the correction groove forces the clamping table to rotate to the standard position, and at the same time the pressing member applies longitudinal fixing pressure to the top of the reducer housing.

[0008] Preferably, the correction member also includes a buffer pad arranged at the top end of the contact body and a ball arranged at the bottom end of the contact body, the contact body is conical, the correction groove is a U-shaped cross-section and the width decreases from top to bottom, and its top edge is arc-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the pressing member comprises a supporting base plate, a pressing plate and a connecting portion, the supporting base plate and the pressing plate are staggered up and down and kept parallel, and are connected and fixed by the connecting portion.

[0010] Preferably, a V-shaped protective enclosure is provided at the end of the pressing plate, and its opening faces the drilling station to intercept debris.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting part includes a rotating rod hinged on the supporting base plate and a limiting rod fixed to the end of the pressing plate. The top end of the rotating rod is movably hinged to the end of the pressing plate, and a spherical roller is provided at the bottom end thereof. A torsion spring is provided between the hinged end of the rotating rod and the supporting base plate. The bottom end of the limiting rod is slidably arranged on the supporting base plate, and the two are connected by a supporting spring. The protective enclosure and the pressing plate are connected by a reset spring, so that debris can be automatically scraped off when the pressing piece rises.

[0012] Preferably, the linear telescopic member is a cylinder fixed on one side of the slide, and the rotating component is a servo motor fixed on the slide.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the correction grooves is four and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the clamping table.

[0014] Preferably, the linear drive component is a cylinder, which drives the slide to move along the operating table slide rail to a preset drilling station.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating assembly is coaxially connected to the clamping table, and its rotation angle each time is 360° divided by the number of correction slots.

[0016] Preferably, the contact body and the pressing piece are connected by threaded connection.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The pressing assembly provided in the present invention is used not only to press and fix the reduction housing, but also to automatically compensate for mechanical errors during the rotation and indexing process of the clamping table through the forced sliding cooperation between the correction piece and the correction groove, thereby ensuring that the clamping table is accurately reset to the standard position before each drilling, and significantly improving the assembly consistency of the connection hole of the reduction gear housing;

[0019] In addition, through the integrated design of vertical clamping and lateral correction of the pressing component, positioning locking and error correction can be simultaneously achieved through a single linear drive when clamping the shell, avoiding the cumulative error caused by traditional step-by-step operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drilling mechanism for processing a reducer provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drilling component, a clamping component and a linear driving component in a drilling mechanism for processing a speed reducer provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is an exploded diagram of a clamping component in a drilling mechanism for processing a speed reducer provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a correction member in a drilling mechanism for processing a speed reducer provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pressing member and a correcting member in a drilling mechanism for processing a speed reducer provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between a pressing plate and a protective enclosure plate in a drilling mechanism for processing a reducer provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a connection part in a drilling mechanism for processing a speed reducer provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping component in a drilling mechanism for a speed reducer when in use.

[0028] In the figure: 1. operating table; 2. drilling component; 3. clamping component; 31. sliding seat; 32. clamping table; 321. limit block; 322. correction groove; 33. rotating component; 34. pressing component; 341. pressing member; 3411. supporting base plate; 3412. pressing plate; 3413. protective enclosure; 3414. rotating rod; 3415. limit rod; 3416. spherical roller; 3417. torsion spring; 3418. supporting spring; 3419. reset spring; 342. correction member; 3421. contact body; 3422. buffer pad; 3423. ball; 343. linear telescopic member; 4. linear drive component; 5. reducer housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that the discussion of these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the contents of this specification. Each example may omit, replace or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described relative to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A drilling mechanism for processing a reducer includes: an operating table 1, a drilling component 2, a clamping component 3, and a linear driving component 4. The drilling component 2 is arranged on the operating table 1, and is used to perform drilling processing on a reducer housing 5; the drilling component 2 includes a drill bit, a lifting component, a drill bit rotation driving component, etc. Since it belongs to the prior art, the structure is not specifically marked in the drawings, and the specific structure and principle are not described in detail. The clamping component 3 is slidably arranged on the top surface of the operating table 1, and includes: a slide 31, a clamping table 32, a rotating assembly 33 and a pressing assembly 34. The slide 31 is slidably arranged on the slide rail on the top surface of the operating table 1, and can slide smoothly on the top surface of the operating table 1. The clamping table 32 is circular and arranged above the slide 31. It is used to fix the reducer housing 5 to be drilled. A limit block 321 is provided on the top surface of the clamping table 32 for positioning the outer side of the reducer housing 5, and a plurality of through correction grooves 322 are provided on the edge of the top surface of the clamping table 32. The number of the correction grooves 322 is consistent with the number of holes required for the reducer housing 5. Generally, there are four correction grooves, which are adjusted according to actual conditions. The rotating assembly 33 is installed on the slide 31, which adopts a servo motor. The slide 31 is connected to the clamping table 32 through the rotating assembly 33 to realize the rotation of the clamping table 32. The rotation angle of each rotation is 360° divided by the number of correction grooves 322.

[0031] Specifically, the pressing assembly 34 is arranged on one side of the slide 31, and includes: a pressing member 341, a correcting member 342 and a linear telescopic member 343. Among them, the pressing member 341 is arranged above the clamping table 32, and is used to apply downward pressure to the top of the reducer housing 5 installed on the clamping table 32, thereby further fixing the reducer housing 5 so that it will not shake longitudinally when being drilled. The correcting member 342 is arranged at the bottom of the pressing member 341, and by engaging with the correcting groove 322, a lateral squeezing force can be generated on the clamping table 32 to achieve position correction. The linear telescopic member 343 is arranged on the slide 31, and its telescopic end is connected to the pressing member 341, which is used to drive the pressing member 341 to move linearly, and generally adopts a cylinder. The linear drive component 4 is arranged on the operating table 1, and is used to drive the slide 31 to move linearly to a preset drilling station, and generally adopts a cylinder.

[0032] It should be noted that when the drilling component 2 is in use, the reducer housing 5 to be processed is first placed on the top surface of the clamping table 32, and the reducer housing 5 is positioned by contacting with the limit block 321. Then, the linear telescopic member 343 is contracted to drive the pressing member 341 and the correcting member 342 to move downward together. When the bottom end of the correcting member 342 contacts the correcting groove 322 below, if the clamping table 32 is in a standard position, the correcting member 342 and the correcting groove 322 are in a vertically aligned state, so that the correcting member 342 will not generate a lateral force on the correcting groove 322 during the downward movement. After the linear telescopic member 343 contracts to the preset contraction amount, the correction member 342 is completely docked with the correction groove 322. At this time, the correction member 342 can position the clamping table 32, so that the clamping table 32 will not rotate during the subsequent translation to the processing station, and the bottom of the pressing member 341 also moves down and contacts the top surface of the reducer housing 5, so that the reducer housing 5 is further fixed. If the clamping table 32 is not in the standard position, after the correction member 342 moves down and contacts the correction groove 322, the pressing member 341 has not yet contacted the reducer housing 5. The correcting member 342 can generate a lateral squeezing force on the correcting groove 322, so that the clamping table 32 can be rotated to the standard position, so that the position correction function of the clamping table 32 is realized in the process of clamping and fixing the reducer housing 5, so as to facilitate the subsequent accurate processing of the connecting hole. After the drilling component 2 completes a drilling operation, the linear telescopic member 343 drives the pressing member 341 and the correcting member 342 to move up together, so that the correcting member 342 and the pressing member 341 are separated from the correcting groove 322 and the reducer housing 5 respectively, and then the rotating component 33 drives The clamping table 32 rotates a preset angle. If four connecting holes need to be processed, the clamping table 32 is controlled to rotate ninety degrees, and then the linear telescopic member 343 is used to drive the correction member 342 and the pressing member 341 to move downward together. If the clamping table 32 is in the standard position at this time, the correction member 342 directly locks the clamping table 32. If the clamping table 32 is not in the standard position, an extrusion force will be generated on the clamping table 32 to rotate it to the standard position. By repeating this action, it can be ensured that before each drilling, the reducer housing 5 is in the preset standard position, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the processing accuracy of the connecting holes.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3 to Figure 4The correcting member 342 includes a conical contact body 3421 and a buffer pad 3422 fixed to the top of the contact body 3421. The buffer pad 3422 can be a rubber pad, which is mainly used to provide buffering protection during the contact between the contact body 3421 and the clamping table 32. A ball 3423 is provided at the bottom of the contact body 3421. The ball 3423 can be made of stainless steel and can reduce the friction between the contact body 3421 and the correcting groove 322. The top of the contact body 3421 and the bottom of the pressing member 341 can be detachably connected, such as by threaded connection, matching snap-on connection, etc., to facilitate replacement or maintenance of the contact body 3421. The cross-section of the correcting groove 322 is U-shaped, and its cross-sectional width decreases from top to bottom to match the conical contact body 3421. The top edge of the correcting groove 322 is arc-shaped. The arc-shaped edge is for facilitating contact with the contact body 3421, thereby generating an extrusion force.

[0034] It should be noted that when the above-mentioned correction member 342 is in use, the contact body 3421 moves downward and contacts the correction groove 322. Since the contact body 3421 is adapted to the inner wall of the correction groove 322, if the two are in an aligned state, the contact body 3421 will directly dock with the correction groove 322, and will not generate an extrusion force on the correction groove 322. If the two are not aligned, since the moving path of the contact body 3421 is fixed up and down, it will generate an extrusion force on the inner wall of the correction groove 322 during the downward movement, so that the clamping table 32 is rotated to the standard position. In this way, the correction member 342 can ensure the rapid position correction of the clamping table 32, and will not affect the normal pressing and fixing effect of the pressing component 34 on the reducer housing 5.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The pressing member 341 includes a supporting base plate 3411, a pressing plate 3412 and a connecting portion. The supporting base plate 3411 and the pressing plate are staggered up and down and kept parallel, and are connected and fixed by the connecting portion, so that a stable height difference is formed between the supporting base plate 3411 and the pressing plate 3412. A rubber protective pad is provided at the bottom of the pressing plate 3412 to avoid wear on the reducer housing 5.

[0036] When the pressing piece 341 is in use, the supporting base plate 3411 moves downward along with the linear telescopic piece 343. Driven by the connecting part, the pressing plate 3412 moves downward synchronously. After the correction piece 342 at the bottom of the supporting base plate 3411 is fully matched and docked with the correction groove 322, the bottom of the pressing plate 3412 just contacts the top of the reducer housing 5. The pressing plate 3412 contacts the non-punched position on the top of the reducer housing 5, thereby pressing and fixing the reducer housing 5.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In order to prevent debris from scattering to the reducer housing 5 and the surroundings during the drilling process, based on the above scheme, further optimization is performed, specifically: a protective enclosure 3413 is provided at the end of the pressing plate 3412, and its shape is approximately V-shaped, and its opening faces the drilling station to intercept debris. After the pressing plate 3412 contacts the reducer housing 5, the protective enclosure 3413 is aligned with the drilling station.

[0038] When the above scheme is in use, the pressing plate 3412 is in contact with the top of the reducer housing 5, and the protective enclosure 3413 is just at the position where the reducer housing 5 needs to be drilled, isolating the required drilling position of the reducer housing 5 from the outside. During the subsequent drilling process, the debris generated will be concentrated on the inner side of the protective enclosure 3413, thereby avoiding the problem of debris splashing everywhere.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 5 to 7 When the above-mentioned protective enclosure 3413 is separated from the reducer housing 5, the accumulated debris will be concentrated on the top of the reduction housing, which will affect the subsequent drilling operation. Therefore, the above-mentioned scheme is further optimized. The specific scheme is as follows: the connecting part includes a rotating rod 3414 hinged on the supporting base plate 3411 and a limiting rod 3415 fixed to the end of the pressing plate 3412. The top of the rotating rod 3414 is movably hinged to the end of the pressing plate 3412, and a spherical roller 3416 is provided at its bottom end. A torsion spring 3417 is provided between the hinged end of the rotating rod 3414 and the supporting base plate 3411. The bottom end of the limiting rod 3415 is slidably provided on the supporting base plate 3411, and the two are connected by a supporting spring 3418. The protective enclosure 3413 and the pressing plate 3412 are connected by a reset spring 3419, so that the debris is automatically scraped off when the pressing member 341 rises.

[0040] When using the above solution, refer to Figure 8In the current state, the support spring 3418 is in a stretched state, the return spring 3419 is in a compressed state, and the torsion spring 3417 is in a compressed state. In the process of the linear telescopic member 343 driving the pressing member 341 and the correcting member 342 to move upward, the rotating rod 3414 starts to rotate synchronously in the clockwise direction under the torsion of the torsion spring 3417. Under the rolling action of the spherical roller 3416, the friction between the bottom end of the rotating rod 3414 and the top surface of the clamping platform 32 can be reduced. The pressing plate 3412 is limited by the linear sliding of the limit rod 3415, and is driven by the rotating rod 3414 and the support spring 3418. The right side slides linearly, and the supporting bottom plate 3411 and the pressing plate 3412 gradually move up at the same time. At the same time, since the protective panel 3413 is subjected to the downward elastic force of the return spring 3419, its bottom is always in contact with the top of the reducer housing 5. In this way, the protective panel 3413 can synchronously slide linearly with the top of the reducer housing 5 during the upward movement of the pressing plate 3412, thereby pushing the debris accumulated on its inner side outward and away from the top of the reducer housing 5. When the return spring 3419 returns to its initial state, the protective panel 3413 has been translated out of the plane where the top of the reducer housing 5 is located, and the debris falls on the reducer housing 5 under the action of gravity. The top of the gearbox 341 is outside the gearbox 342, and then the protective enclosure 3413 begins to move up with the pressing plate 3412, and its bottom no longer contacts the top of the reducer housing 5. In this way, during the separation of the pressing plate 3412 from the top of the reducer housing 5, the protective enclosure 3413 automatically cleans the accumulated debris. After that, the pressing plate 3412 moves up to a preset height, and the spherical roller 3416 no longer contacts the top of the clamping table 32. The torsion spring 3417 and the support spring 3418 return to their initial states. At this time, the rotating rod 3414 is still in an inclined posture. When the pressing member 341 moves down next time, the rotating rod 3414 in an inclined posture causes the spherical roller 3416 at its bottom to move upward. After the wheel 3416 contacts the clamping table 32, it can rotate in the counterclockwise direction. In this way, through further improvement of the connection part, while ensuring the normal connection and use of the pressing plate 3412 and the contact body 3421, the protective enclosure 3413 can also have the function of cleaning debris. At this time, the pressing group has basic pressing and fixing as well as synchronous adaptive position correction when pressing and fixing the reducer housing 5. During the drilling process, it can prevent debris from splashing everywhere, and when releasing the fixation of the reducer housing 5, it has the function of cleaning debris. It does not require active control by humans or system programs, and can autonomously adapt to the use status of the pressing component 34 and complete it synchronously.

[0041] It can be seen that the present invention mainly drives the clamping table to accurately reset to the standard position while pressing the shell through the forced cooperation of the conical contact body and the tapered correction groove, and combines the ball resistance reduction and protective enclosure linkage chip cleaning design to achieve integrated operations of drilling positioning, pressing and correcting, and debris management. It uses a purely mechanical structure to assist the sensor closed-loop control mode, which significantly reduces maintenance costs while ensuring high-precision processing. It is particularly suitable for low-cost and high-reliability processing of reducer housings in high-load industrial scenarios.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes. The above-mentioned specific implementation modes are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms, which are all within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer, comprising: The operating table, drilling component, clamping component and linear drive component are characterized by: The clamping component includes a slide seat slidably arranged on the top surface of the operating table, a clamping table arranged on the slide seat, a rotating component and a pressing component; the top surface of the clamping table is provided with a limit block and a plurality of through-type correction grooves that cooperate with the outer side of the reducer housing; the pressing component includes a pressing piece arranged above the clamping table, a correction piece fixed to the bottom of the pressing piece, and a linear telescopic piece connected to the slide seat and driving the pressing piece to rise and fall; The bottom end of the correction member is provided with a contact body adapted to the shape of the correction groove. When the linear telescopic member drives the pressing member to press down, the contact and extrusion between the correction member and the correction groove forces the clamping table to rotate to the standard position, and at the same time the pressing member applies longitudinal fixing pressure to the top of the reducer housing.

2. A drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The correction member also includes a buffer pad arranged at the top end of the contact body and a ball arranged at the bottom end of the contact body. The contact body is conical, the correction groove is a U-shaped cross-section with a width decreasing from top to bottom, and its top edge is an arc shape.

3. The drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing member comprises a supporting base plate, a pressing plate and a connecting portion. The supporting base plate and the pressing plate are staggered up and down and kept parallel, and are connected and fixed by the connecting portion.

4. A drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: A V-shaped protective enclosure is provided at the end of the pressing plate, and its opening faces the drilling station to intercept debris.

5. The drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting part includes a rotating rod hinged on the supporting base plate and a limiting rod fixed to the end of the pressing plate. The top end of the rotating rod is movably hinged to the end of the pressing plate, and a spherical roller is provided at the bottom end thereof. A torsion spring is provided between the hinged end of the rotating rod and the supporting base plate. The bottom end of the limiting rod is slidably arranged on the supporting base plate, and the two are connected by a supporting spring. The protective enclosure plate and the pressing plate are connected by a reset spring, so that debris is automatically scraped off when the pressing piece rises.

6. The drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear telescopic member is a cylinder fixed on one side of the slide, and the rotating component is a servo motor fixed on the slide.

7. The drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four correction grooves, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the clamping table.

8. The drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear drive component is a cylinder, which drives the slide to move along the operating table slide rail to a preset drilling station.

9. The drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly is coaxially connected to the clamping table, and its rotation angle each time is 360° divided by the number of correction slots.

10. The drilling mechanism for processing based on a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact body and the pressing piece are connected in a threaded manner.

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