Machine tool clamp for hardware machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machine tool clamps, in particular to a machine tool clamp for hardware machining, which comprises an assembly table, pressing plates for pressing and fixing a workpiece are arranged at four corners of the assembly table, a supporting assembly is fixedly inserted into the table top of the assembly table, and the top end of the supporting assembly abuts against the bottom surface of the workpiece; the supporting assembly comprises an outer barrel with a downward opening, a sliding way is formed in the inner wall of the outer barrel, the direction, located on the top of the outer barrel, of the sliding way is an arc path, and the sliding way is arranged to be a spiral path in a downward smooth transition mode from one end of the arc path. The clamp is improved on the basis of an existing pressing plate type clamp, a traditional heightening block with the fixed height is improved into the supporting assembly, the high-rigidity reliable supporting effect can be provided for workpiece machining, the supporting assembly corresponding to the machining position can flexibly and actively stretch out and draw back, and a flexible and safe operation space is provided for a tool; the operation convenience and flexibility of a traditional pressing plate type clamp are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of machine tool fixtures, in particular to a machine tool fixture used for hardware processing. Background Art

[0002] In hardware processing, drilling and tapping of flat workpieces often requires the tool to penetrate the workpiece. However, due to the shape characteristics of flat workpieces, they are generally not suitable for direct clamping from both sides to the middle (the workpiece is thin and the middle part is prone to bulging). The common fixing method is to set equal-height pads at the bottom of the workpiece to raise it, and then use a pressure plate to press the workpiece.

[0003] In the above-mentioned method of fixing flat-plate workpieces, there is a common technical problem. In order to avoid interference of the pressure plate on the processing, the pads and the pressure plate are usually arranged at the corners of the workpiece, which makes the middle part of the workpiece suspended in the air. During the drilling and tapping processing, the downward pressure of the tool can easily cause the workpiece to deform. Therefore, it is necessary to set multiple pads distributed on the bottom of the workpiece for support, but care should be taken to avoid the drilling and tapping processing position. When the point density of the drilling and tapping processing is large, it will be difficult for the pads to avoid the processing position, which will make it difficult to clamp the workpiece, or cause damage to the pads and the tool. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a machine tool fixture for hardware processing is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems that the fixtures mentioned above or in the prior art that use a cushion block to raise the workpiece to provide a working space for the tool to penetrate the workpiece have a narrow range of use conditions and are difficult and inconvenient to operate, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool fixture for hardware processing.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A machine tool clamp for hardware processing, including an assembly table, and also including a supporting component arranged on the assembly table, which includes an outer cylinder opening downward, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a slideway, the path of the slideway is vertical at the bottom and inserted with a push rod, and horizontal arc-shaped at the top and slidably sleeved with a ball, and the ball partially protrudes from the inner wall of the outer cylinder, a needle-shaped cylinder is connected between the bottom end of the push rod and the outer cylinder, a short column is sealingly and slidably inserted at the top end of the outer cylinder, and the bottom end edge of the short column is crimped with the ball.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the machine tool fixture for hardware processing of the present invention, the four corners of the assembly table are provided with pressing plates for pressing the workpiece, and the table top of the assembly table is fixedly plugged with a supporting component, and the top of the supporting component contacts the bottom surface of the workpiece.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the machine tool clamp for hardware processing of the present invention, wherein: the slide is located at the top of the outer cylinder and is arranged as an arc path around its axis, the slide smoothly transitions downward from one end of the arc path to a spiral path, and the pitch of the spiral path gradually increases downward, the bottom end of the spiral path smoothly transitions to a straight path, and the direction of the straight path is parallel to the axis direction of the outer cylinder, the arc path of the slide, the axis of the arc is coaxial with the axis of the outer cylinder, the spiral diameters of the spiral path of the slide are equal at each location, and a spring is sleeved at the end of the arc path.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the machine tool clamp for hardware processing of the present invention, the bottom end of the outer cylinder is fixedly inserted with an inner cylinder with an opening downward, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder is located at the straight path of the slideway and a matching ball is provided with an avoidance groove, the push rod is inserted between the avoidance groove and the straight path of the slideway, the outer wall of the cylinder barrel of the needle cylinder is slidably sleeved with the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and the end of the piston rod of the needle cylinder is coaxially fixedly inserted with the top end of the inner cylinder, and the bottom end of the cylinder barrel of the needle cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the push rod.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the machine tool clamp for hardware processing of the present invention, a top screw 1 is fastened along the radial thread between the top end of the inner tube and the side wall of the outer tube, and the extrusion end of the top screw 1 is pressed against the top side wall of the needle cylinder piston rod.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the machine tool clamp for hardware processing of the present invention, an air groove is opened on the outer wall of the inner cylinder parallel to its axial direction, the air groove runs through both ends of the inner cylinder, and the top inner wall of the inner cylinder is directly connected to the opening of the air groove.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the machine tool clamp for hardware processing of the present invention, three pairs of top screws 2 are arranged in a ring array around the short column at the top end of the outer cylinder, and each pair of the top screws 2 are serially connected and locked.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the machine tool clamp for hardware processing of the present invention, a limiting ring is arranged on the peripheral wall of the bottom end of the short column and is hung on the inner wall of the top end of the outer cylinder, and the extruded end of the second top screw passes through the top end of the outer cylinder and contacts the limiting ring.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the machine tool clamp for hardware processing of the present invention, the top end of the short column is threadedly fastened with a pad, and the diameter of the pad is larger than the diameter of the short column, the outer wall of the short column is slidably connected with a round pin, and the round pin is embedded in the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the machine tool fixture for hardware processing of the present invention, the support components are distributed in a rectangular array with respect to the assembly table, and parallel pads are vertically fixedly provided on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the assembly table.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the machine tool clamp for hardware processing of the present invention: the present invention is improved on the basis of the existing pressure plate type clamp, by improving the traditional fixed-height pad block into a support component, which can not only provide a high-rigidity reliable support effect for workpiece processing, but also the support component corresponding to the processing position can be flexibly and actively extended and retracted, providing a flexible and safe working space for the tool, thereby greatly improving the operating convenience and flexibility of the traditional pressure plate type clamp. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a machine tool fixture used for hardware processing.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from the bottom view.

[0020] Figure 3 The present invention is a structural cross-sectional view of a machine tool fixture used for hardware processing located at a supporting component.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural anatomy diagram of the support component.

[0022] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the support assembly.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at center.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Structural cross-section view at point B.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the outer cylinder located at the arc path of the slideway.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the assembly structure between the needle cylinder, inner cylinder and outer cylinder.

[0027] In the figure: 100, assembly table; 101, pressure plate; 102, parallel pad; 200, support assembly; 201, outer cylinder; 202, slideway; 203, push rod; 204, spring; 205, ball; 206, needle cylinder; 207, short column; 208, limit ring; 209, inner cylinder; 210, air avoidance groove; 211, air groove; 212, top screw one; 213, top screw two; 214, cushion block; 215, round pin; 202a, arc path; 202b, spiral path; 202c, straight path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example, see Figure 1 to Figure 9 This embodiment provides a machine tool fixture for hardware processing. Based on the structure of the existing pressure plate 101 type flat workpiece fixture, a large number of support components 200 are arranged in an array to provide a considerable number of support points for workpiece processing, and the active extension of the support components 200 corresponding to the processing position can achieve the effect of providing a safe working space for the tool, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an assembly platform 100, and a pressing plate 101 for pressing and fixing the workpiece is arranged at each of the four corners of the assembly platform 100. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the table top of the assembly table 100 is fixedly plugged with a support assembly 200, and the top of the support assembly 200 contacts the bottom surface of the workpiece; Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the support assembly 200 includes an outer cylinder 201 with an opening downward, and a slideway 202 is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 201. The slideway 202 is located at the top of the outer cylinder 201 and has an arc path 202a. The slideway 202 smoothly transitions downward from one end of the arc path 202a to a spiral path 202b. The spiral path 202b of the slideway 202 gradually increases in pitch from the top to the bottom. The spiral path 202b of the slideway 202 smoothly transitions to a straight path 202c at the bottom, and the direction of the straight path 202c is the same as that of the outer cylinder 201. The cylinder 201 is parallel to the axis direction, the straight path 202c is connected with a push rod 203, and the end of the arc path 202a is sleeved with a spring 204, the slideway 202 is located between the spring 204 and the push rod 203 and is filled with balls 205, and the balls 205 partially protrude from the inner wall of the outer cylinder 201, a needle cylinder 206 is connected between the bottom end of the push rod 203 and the outer cylinder 201, and a short column 207 is sealed and slidably inserted at the top end of the outer cylinder 201, and the bottom edge of the short column 207 is crimped with the balls 205 in the arc path 202a.

[0030] Specifically, Figure 4As shown, the arc path 202a of the slide 202 has an arc axis coaxial with the axis of the outer cylinder 201, and the spiral diameters of the spiral path 202b of the slide 202 are equal at all locations. The bottom end of the outer cylinder 201 is fixedly plugged with an inner cylinder 209 with a downward opening, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 209 is located at the straight path 202c of the slide 202 to match the ball 205 to open an air avoidance groove 210, and the push rod 203 is plugged between the air avoidance groove 210 and the straight path 202c of the slide 202; Fig. 9 As shown, the outer wall of the cylinder barrel of the needle cylinder 206 is slidably sleeved with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 209, and the end of the piston rod of the needle cylinder 206 is coaxially fixedly plugged with the top end of the inner cylinder 209, the bottom end of the cylinder barrel of the needle cylinder 206 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the push rod 203, and a top screw 212 is fastened along the radial thread between the top end of the inner cylinder 209 and the side wall of the outer cylinder 201, and the extrusion end of the top screw 212 is pressed tightly against the top side wall of the piston rod of the needle cylinder 206, and an air groove 211 is opened on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 209 parallel to its axial direction, and the air groove 211 runs through both ends of the inner cylinder 209, and the top inner wall of the inner cylinder 209 is directly connected to the air groove 211 through an opening.

[0031] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the top of the outer cylinder 201 is provided with three pairs of top screws 213 in a circular array around the short column 207, and each pair of top screws 213 is connected in series and locked, and the bottom peripheral wall of the short column 207 is provided with a limit ring 208 which is hung on the top inner wall of the outer cylinder 201, and the extruded end of the top screw 213 passes through the top of the outer cylinder 201 and contacts the limit ring 208; Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a pad 214 is threadedly fastened to the top of the short column 207, and the diameter of the pad 214 is larger than the diameter of the short column 207. A round pin 215 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the short column 207, and the round pin 215 is embedded in the inner wall of the outer cylinder 201. The support components 200 are distributed in a rectangular array with respect to the assembly table 100, and parallel pads 102 are vertically fixed on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the assembly table 100.

[0032] The present invention provides a machine tool clamp for hardware processing, and in particular provides a support assembly 200 used in conjunction with a clamp pressure plate 101. When the support assembly 200 is working, a short column 207 is pushed upward to provide support for the workpiece. The support assembly 200 is upward and the pressure plate 101 is downward, so that the clamp clamps the workpiece, and in the support assembly 200 within the workpiece processing area, the short column 207 is actively retracted to provide an operating space for the tool to penetrate the workpiece.

[0033] Therefore, the support assembly 200 also involves the following technical details: First, the ejection action and support function of the short column 207. When the short column 207 is subjected to downward pressure after being ejected, the first ideal state is to maintain structural rigidity and not to cause support failure due to retreat caused by downward pressure. The second ideal state is to have sufficient repeated positioning accuracy. The height of each rise of the short column 207 needs to be consistent. First, it is explained how the support assembly 200 maintains structural rigidity after the short column 207 is ejected. Figure 5 The device fixes the piston rod of the needle cylinder 206 relative to the inner cylinder 209 and the outer cylinder 201, and the cylinder body of the needle cylinder 206 drives the push rod 203, which moves upward and pushes the ball 205 to the depth of the slideway 202, so that the ball 205 slides from the straight path 202c of the slideway 202 through the spiral path 202b and then slides into the arc path 202a. During the process, the ball 205 pushes the bottom edge of the short column 207 upward to raise the short column 207. When the ball 205 enters the arc path 202a, the height of the ball 205 and the short column 207 will stop rising. Figure 8 When the needle cylinder 206 reaches the end of the stroke, the angle range of the ball 205 in the arc path 202a of the slideway 202 surrounding the short column 207 exceeds 200 degrees. At this time, when the top of the short column 207 is under pressure, the extrusion force applied by the bottom edge of the short column 207 to the ball 205 is perpendicular to the arc path 202a. Therefore, no component force is generated in the tangential direction of the arc path 202a. The ball 205 will not be squeezed back due to the downward pressure of the short column 207, and the assembly table 100, the outer cylinder 201, the ball 205 and the short column 207 are in rigid contact. Next, it is explained how the support assembly 200 maintains the repeatability of the positioning accuracy. Figure 5 and Figure 6 , there are inevitably size errors and assembly gaps between the ball 205, the slide 202 and the short column 207, so it is necessary to fine-tune through the top screw 213. By adjusting the top screw 213 downward, the top screw 213 presses down the limit ring 208 to make the short column 207, the ball 205 and the inner wall of the slide 202 conflict, thereby preliminarily eliminating the gap between the short column 207, the ball 205 and the slide 202. (It should be noted that the pressure of the top screw 213 on the limit ring 208 should not be pressed tightly to avoid the structure being locked and unable to move), and then tighten a top screw 213 at the top of the top screw 213 to achieve the purpose of self-locking and anti-loosening. After the debugging is completed, each movement of the short column 207 will be limited by the top screw 213 and the limit ring 208 to maintain the repeated positioning accuracy; In order to further improve the working accuracy of the short column 207, the support assembly 200 also provides a cushion block 214. Figure 4The pad 214 is used to replace the short column 207 "sacrificially". It not only replaces the wear of the cross-section of the short column 207, but also allows the machine tool to directly perform a scanning process on the top surface of all the pads 214, so as to ensure that the top surface of each pad 214 is at the same support height. There is a technical problem in this. The verticality accuracy of the short column 207 is limited. After the "sacrificial" pad 214 is used to obtain a uniform height through scanning, assuming that the short column 207 is tilted, then once the short column 207 rotates, the top processing surface of the pad 214 will not be horizontal. Figure 5 and Figure 7 Therefore, the support assembly 200 also adds a positioning round pin 215 between the short column 207 and the outer cylinder 201. The main part of the round pin 215 is embedded in the inner wall of the top end of the outer cylinder 201. The side wall of the round pin 215 partially protrudes and slides with the outer wall of the short column 207 along its axial direction, thereby preventing the short column 207 from rotating relative to the outer cylinder 201 and the assembly platform 100. Second, the retraction of the short column 207. The structure of the support assembly 200 is very simple and easy to process and maintain. There is no elastic element designed separately for the retraction of the short column 207. Instead, the needle cylinder 206 is used. First, the action of the needle cylinder 206 is described. Figure 5 and Fig. 9 The needle cylinder 206 generally has only one air pipe interface, which is located at the end of the cylinder body away from the output shaft. In the support assembly 200, it is located at the bottom of the support assembly 200. When compressed air is provided to the needle cylinder 206, the cylinder body of the needle cylinder 206 is pushed out to the bottom of the outer cylinder 201 relative to its piston rod. During the process, the push rod 203 moves downward accordingly, and the spring 204 is reset to push the ball 205 out of the arc path 202a along the slideway 202. When the ball 205 leaves the arc path and enters the spiral path 202b, the pressure exerted downward by the short column 207 on the ball 205 will further provide assistance for the ball 205 to retreat. In the process, the rapid withdrawal of the needle cylinder 206 relative to the inner cylinder 209 will generate negative pressure between the end of the needle cylinder 206 and the inner cylinder 209. The negative pressure connects the space between the top of the inner cylinder 209, the inner wall of the outer cylinder 201 and the bottom of the short column 207 through the air groove 211 simply arranged on the side wall of the inner cylinder 209. The short column 207 without the support of the ball 205 is pulled downward by the negative pressure. Without the support of the ball 205, the short column 207 has little resistance to sliding downward, which can The air groove 211 is connected to the atmosphere downwards. Since the flow area of ​​the air groove 211 is very small, it will not affect the negative pressure leading back to the short column 207. The purpose of the air groove 211 connecting to the atmosphere is that since the activity stroke of the short column 207 is smaller than the movement stroke of the needle cylinder 206, it is necessary to allow air to flow inwards from the atmosphere after the short column 207 reaches the lower dead point of the stroke, so as to avoid the needle cylinder 206 from moving poorly due to air resistance formed by the internal seal.

[0034] In summary, the present invention is improved on the basis of the existing pressure plate 101 type clamp. By improving the traditional fixed-height pad block into a support assembly 200, it can not only provide a high-rigidity and reliable support effect for workpiece processing, but also the support assembly 200 corresponding to the processing position can be flexibly and actively extended and retracted to provide a flexible and safe working space for the tool, thereby greatly improving the operational convenience and flexibility of the traditional pressure plate 101 type clamp.

[0035] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine tool fixture for hardware processing, comprising an assembly table (100), characterized in that: It also includes a support assembly (200) disposed on the assembly table (100), comprising an outer cylinder (201) opening downward, the inner wall of the outer cylinder (201) being provided with a slideway (202), the path of the slideway (202) being vertical at the bottom and plugged with a push rod (203), and being horizontal at the top and slidably sleeved with a ball (205), wherein the ball (205) partially protrudes from the inner wall of the outer cylinder (201), a needle-shaped cylinder (206) being connected between the bottom end of the push rod (203) and the outer cylinder (201), a short column (207) being sealingly slidably plugged at the top end of the outer cylinder (201), and the bottom edge of the short column (207) being crimped with the ball (205).

2. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners of the assembly table (100) are each provided with a pressing plate (101) for pressing and fixing the workpiece, and a support component (200) is fixedly plugged into the tabletop of the assembly table (100), with the top of the support component (200) contacting the bottom surface of the workpiece.

3. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slideway (202) is located at the top of the outer cylinder (201) and is arranged around its axis to form an arc path (202a); the slideway (202) smoothly transitions downward from one end of the arc path (202a) to a spiral path (202b); the pitch of the spiral path (202b) gradually increases downward; the bottom end of the spiral path (202b) smoothly transitions to a straight path (202c); the direction of the straight path (202c) is parallel to the axis direction of the outer cylinder (201); the arc path (202a) of the slideway (202) has an arc axis coaxial with the axis of the outer cylinder (201); the spiral diameters of the spiral path (202b) of the slideway (202) are equal at all locations; and a spring (204) is sleeved at the end of the arc path (202a).

4. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the outer cylinder (201) is fixedly plugged with an inner cylinder (209) with an opening downward, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder (209) is provided with a clearance groove (210) for matching the ball (205) at the straight path (202c) of the slideway (202), and the push rod (203) is plugged between the clearance groove (210) and the straight path (202c) of the slideway (202), the outer wall of the cylinder barrel of the needle cylinder (206) is slidably sleeved with the inner wall of the inner cylinder (209), and the end of the piston rod of the needle cylinder (206) is coaxially fixedly plugged with the top end of the inner cylinder (209), and the bottom end of the cylinder barrel of the needle cylinder (206) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the push rod (203).

5. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A top screw (212) is fastened along the radial thread between the top end of the inner cylinder (209) and the side wall of the outer cylinder (201), and the extruded end of the top screw (212) is pressed against the top side wall of the piston rod of the needle cylinder (206).

6. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air groove (211) is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder (209) parallel to the axial direction thereof. The air groove (211) passes through both ends of the inner cylinder (209), and a hole is directly connected between the inner wall at the top end of the inner cylinder (209) and the air groove (211).

7. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the outer cylinder (201) is provided with three pairs of top screws (213) in a ring array around the short column (207), and each pair of the top screws (213) are connected in series and locked.

8. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting ring (208) is provided on the peripheral wall of the bottom end of the short column (207) and is hung on the inner wall of the top end of the outer cylinder (201), and the extruded end of the second top screw (213) passes through the top end of the outer cylinder (201) and contacts the limiting ring (208).

9. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cushion block (214) is threadedly fastened to the top end of the short column (207), and the diameter of the cushion block (214) is larger than the diameter of the short column (207). A round pin (215) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the short column (207), and the round pin (215) is embedded in the inner wall of the outer cylinder (201).

10. The machine tool fixture for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support components (200) are distributed in a rectangular array with respect to the assembly platform (100), and parallel pads (102) are vertically fixedly disposed on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the assembly platform (100).

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