Woven spacer fabric with double functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of spinning, and particularly discloses a woven spacer fabric with double functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering. A woven spacer fabric with double functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering comprises an electric negative friction layer, an electric positive friction layer and an electrode layer, and the electric positive friction layer is located between the electric negative friction layer and the electrode layer; the electric negative friction layer is obtained by weaving coated yarns, the coated yarns are obtained by coating the surfaces of the yarns with organic dispersion liquid, and an electromagnetic shielding material is added into the organic dispersion liquid; the electrode layer is obtained by weaving copper-plated yarns, and the copper-plated yarns are obtained by plating copper on the surfaces of the yarns and depositing a conductive metal layer. The electric positive friction layer is obtained by weaving chinlon monofilaments; and the monofilaments are interwoven with the covering yarns and the copper-plated yarns during weaving, so that the connection of the electric positive friction layer, the electric negative friction layer and the electrode layer is realized. The spacer fabric has excellent vibration reduction performance and a vibration monitoring function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of textiles, and more specifically, to a woven spacer fabric having the dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, textile material science has developed rapidly, and spacer fabrics have attracted much attention as high-performance textile structural flexible materials. They have excellent support and resilience, can provide stable support for objects and quickly restore to their original state; good ventilation and air permeability can maintain air circulation and avoid stuffiness and humidity; at the same time, their light weight and repeated washability make them suitable for use in many fields. In terms of automotive seat materials, spacer fabrics have gradually replaced traditional foam plastics and rubber materials with these advantages, becoming an important choice for improving seat comfort and health, and bringing better experience to drivers and passengers.

[0003] In the exploration of related technologies, many studies have focused on optimizing the performance of spacer fabrics. Taking the patent application document with publication number CN116084082A as an example, the high-elasticity and shape-preserving composite fabric under the seat leather disclosed in the patent application document has effectively improved the high elasticity, fluffy and softness of the fabric, enhanced the high recovery and high stability of the size and shape, and increased the toughness of the leather after being compounded with leather, preventing bulging and wrinkling, and achieved certain results in improving the basic performance of the fabric.

[0004] However, although the composite fabrics in the related art have good resilience and softness, their vibration reduction performance is relatively weak. Especially for drivers of long-distance freight trucks, car drivers are in a bumpy and vibrating environment for a long time during the driving of the vehicle. This continuous vibration will not only cause the driver to feel fatigue, dizziness and other discomforts, but may also cause occupational diseases such as damage to the nervous system in the long run, seriously affecting the driver's working state and physical health. Therefore, designing high-performance spacer fabrics with excellent load-bearing capacity and vibration reduction performance has become the key to improving the driver's working environment. At the same time, it is also very important to effectively detect the seat vibration pressure that the driver is subjected to during work. By accurately monitoring the vibration pressure, it is possible to deeply analyze the data, which can provide a basis for the optimization and improvement of the seat fabric, and also help the driver to adjust the sitting posture mode in time to reduce the adverse effects of vibration.

[0005] In summary, in the application scenarios of spacer fabrics, especially in the field of automotive seats, how to achieve efficient vibration reduction and accurate vibration pressure monitoring has become a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to achieve efficient vibration reduction and accurate vibration pressure monitoring functions of spacer fabrics, the present application provides a woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering.

[0007] The present application provides a woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering, which adopts the following technical solution: A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering, comprising an electrically negative friction layer, an electrically positive friction layer and an electrode layer, wherein the electrically positive friction layer is located between the electrically negative friction layer and the electrode layer; The negative friction layer is obtained by weaving a coated yarn through a warp knitting machine, and the coated yarn is obtained by coating an organic dispersion on the surface of the yarn and drying it, and the organic dispersion is added with an electromagnetic shielding material; The electrode layer is obtained by weaving copper-plated yarn through a warp knitting machine, and the copper-plated yarn is obtained by chemically depositing copper on the surface of the yarn; The electric positive friction layer is obtained by weaving monofilaments through a warp knitting machine; The monofilaments are interwoven with the coated yarns and the copper-plated yarns during weaving to achieve the connection between the electrically positive friction layer, the electrically negative friction layer and the electrode layer.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the fabric is subjected to external vibration, the negative friction layer and the positive friction layer will transfer charges during the contact and separation process due to the difference in electronegativity of the materials, generating a triboelectric effect. The electrode layer is responsible for collecting and transmitting these charges to form electrical signals, thereby realizing vibration monitoring. This monitoring method based on the principle of triboelectricity has the characteristics of high sensitivity and fast response speed, and can accurately capture tiny vibration changes.

[0009] In terms of vibration buffering, the electric positive friction layer is woven with monofilaments. The monofilaments are interwoven with the coated yarns and copper-plated yarns during weaving to form a structure with certain elasticity and buffering properties. When external pressure acts on the fabric, the monofilaments and yarns can absorb and disperse energy through their own deformation, thereby playing a role in buffering vibration. The monofilaments are made of insulating materials that are easy to lose electrons, such as nylon monofilaments. Although polyester monofilaments are more widely used in spacer fabrics, nylon monofilaments can provide better triboelectric properties and better elastic recovery than polyester monofilaments. Since the bending stiffness of monofilaments is much higher than that of yarns, nylon monofilaments are used in the spacer layer to achieve higher load-bearing capacity.

[0010] In addition, electromagnetic shielding materials are added to the coated yarn of the negative friction layer. These materials have good conductivity and unique microstructure, and can effectively reflect, absorb and scatter electromagnetic waves. When there is electromagnetic interference in the outside world, the electromagnetic shielding material can guide the interfering electromagnetic waves to the grounding system or attenuate them inside the material, reducing the impact of external electromagnetic interference on charge transfer and electrical signal transmission, ensuring the stable generation and transmission of triboelectric signals, and thus improving the accuracy of vibration monitoring.

[0011] The woven spacer fabric of the present application successfully realizes the dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering, and at the same time has a certain electromagnetic shielding capability, which can improve the accuracy and stability of vibration monitoring of the woven spacer fabric in a complex environment.

[0012] Optionally, the monofilament forms a spacer layer structure during the weaving process; The spacer layer structure presents a cross-shaped spatial structure in the weft section, and the spacer layer structure presents a buckled spatial structure in the warp section.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the woven spacer fabric is subjected to vertical pressure or vibration, the buckled monofilaments can be elastically deformed like a spring, converting external energy into its own elastic potential energy. After the pressure is released, the monofilaments will return to their original shape and release the stored energy. This elastic deformation and recovery process effectively absorbs and disperses external vibration energy, reducing the impact of vibration on objects on the fabric.

[0014] In the horizontal direction, the cross-shaped spatial structure allows the monofilaments to support and constrain each other. When subjected to horizontal vibration or impact, the cross-connection between the monofilaments can disperse the force to a larger range and avoid local stress concentration. At the same time, the crossed monofilaments can further consume energy through mutual friction and sliding, thereby enhancing the fabric's buffering performance in the horizontal direction.

[0015] Taking car seats as an example, various vibrations will be generated during driving. If these vibrations are directly transmitted to passengers, it will affect the riding comfort. The use of this woven spacer fabric with a special spacer layer structure as a seat material can effectively buffer and absorb these vibrations. The special spacer layer structure formed by monofilament weaving significantly improves the vibration buffering performance of the fabric, providing users with a more comfortable and stable experience.

[0016] Optionally, the coated yarn is prepared by the following method: A. Mix nano nickel, graphene, dimethyl silicone oil, toluene, a stabilizer and a dispersant, perform ultrasonic treatment for 60-120 min, and then stir for 60-120 min to obtain an organic dispersion; B. Clean and dry the yarn, then immerse the yarn in an organic dispersion for 10-30 minutes, remove excess organic dispersion by scraping after immersion, and then dry and solidify the impregnated yarn to obtain the pretreated yarn; C. performing hydrophobic treatment on the pretreated yarn to obtain a hydrophobic yarn; D. The hydrophobic yarn is subjected to secondary impregnation treatment to obtain the coated yarn.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the yarn is immersed in the organic dispersion to make the organic dispersion adhere to the surface of the yarn. After drying and curing, the electromagnetic shielding materials such as nano nickel and graphene are firmly combined on the yarn to form a coating with electromagnetic shielding function. When there are electromagnetic waves in the outside world, the coating formed by nano nickel and graphene can reflect and absorb the electromagnetic waves to achieve the effect of electromagnetic shielding.

[0018] The pretreated yarn is subjected to hydrophobic treatment using a hydrophobic treatment solution prepared by dissolving polyperfluorooctyl acrylate in dimethyl sulfoxide. Polyperfluorooctyl acrylate has extremely low surface energy, and after impregnation and drying, a tightly packed low surface energy hydrophobic film is formed on the surface of the yarn. When the ambient humidity is high, the hydrophobic film can prevent moisture from adhering to and penetrating the yarn surface, avoiding charge leakage caused by moisture, and ensuring the normal charge transfer between the negative friction layer and the positive friction layer, thereby improving the accuracy of vibration monitoring.

[0019] Finally, the hydrophobic yarn was treated with a secondary impregnation treatment to introduce poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm). PNIPAAm is a humidity-sensitive smart material that changes in volume or surface properties under different humidity environments. When the ambient humidity increases, PNIPAAm shrinks, making the gaps between the yarns smaller and reducing the possibility of moisture intrusion. At the same time, changes in its surface properties may affect the charge distribution, compensate for the effects of humidity changes on charge transfer, maintain the stability of the electrical signal, and further improve the vibration monitoring performance of the fabric under different humidity environments.

[0020] In summary, the coated yarn prepared by this method enables the negative friction layer to have good electromagnetic shielding performance, hydrophobicity and humidity adaptive adjustment ability, thereby improving the vibration monitoring accuracy and stability of the entire fabric.

[0021] Optionally, the components and proportions of the organic dispersion in step A are as follows: 20-30 parts of nano nickel; Graphene 5-10 parts; 40-60 parts of dimethyl silicone oil; Toluene 10-20 parts; 1-3 parts of stabilizer; Dispersant 1-3 parts.

[0022] By adopting the above technical scheme, graphene has excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and the synergistic effect with nano-nickel can further improve the electromagnetic shielding performance. Dimethyl silicone oil plays a role of lubrication and dispersion, which can ensure that nano-nickel and graphene are evenly dispersed in the system. Dimethyl silicone oil has low surface tension and good fluidity, which can reduce the friction between nanoparticles and prevent them from agglomerating. At the same time, it can also give the yarn a certain flexibility and smoothness, making the yarn smoother during the weaving process and reducing the possibility of yarn breakage. Stabilizers and dispersants can effectively prevent nano-nickel and graphene from agglomerating and maintain the stability of the dispersion. Stabilizers can be adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles through physical or chemical effects to form a protective film to prevent mutual attraction and agglomeration between particles. Dispersants can reduce the surface tension between particles and make the particles more stably dispersed in the liquid. Appropriate amounts of stabilizers and dispersants can improve the dispersion effect while avoiding affecting the performance of the yarn or increasing costs due to excessive addition.

[0023] Optionally, the stabilizer is any one of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and oleic acid.

[0024] Optionally, the dispersant is any one of polyethylene glycol, sodium polyacrylate and lecithin.

[0025] Optionally, the method for performing hydrophobic treatment on the pretreated yarn in step C is as follows: Dissolve polyperfluorooctyl acrylate in dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare a hydrophobic treatment solution with a mass concentration of 5%-15%, immerse the pretreated yarn in the hydrophobic treatment solution for 10-20 minutes, take out the yarn after immersion, drain the excess treatment solution, and then dry it to obtain the hydrophobic yarn.

[0026] By adopting the above technical scheme, according to the principle of surface chemistry, the wettability of liquid on the solid surface depends on the surface energy of the solid surface. When the surface energy of the solid surface is low, the contact angle of the liquid on its surface will increase, showing hydrophobic properties. The hydrophobic film formed by polyperfluorooctyl acrylate has an extremely low surface energy, which increases the contact angle of water on the yarn surface and makes it difficult to adhere and penetrate. In a humid environment, moisture tends to accumulate on the surface of the yarn. If the yarn does not have hydrophobic properties, moisture will cause charge leakage. The charge transfer between the negative friction layer and the positive friction layer is based on the triboelectric effect, and the presence of moisture will interfere with this charge transfer process. For example, moisture may dissolve some conductive substances to form a conductive channel, resulting in charge loss, thereby affecting the accuracy of vibration monitoring. The hydrophobic film on the surface of the hydrophobic treated yarn can prevent moisture from adhering to and penetrating the yarn surface, avoiding the problem of charge leakage or short circuit caused by moisture. Even in a high humidity environment, the charge transfer between the negative friction layer and the positive friction layer can proceed normally, ensuring the stable generation and transmission of the triboelectric signal, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the vibration monitoring function of the fabric in a humid environment.

[0027] Optionally, the specific method of performing secondary impregnation treatment on the hydrophobic yarn in step D is as follows: Dissolve poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) in ethanol to prepare an impregnation solution with a mass concentration of 2%-5%, immerse the hydrophobic yarn in the impregnation solution for 15-20 minutes, take out the yarn after the impregnation, and dry it at 40-60°C to obtain the coated yarn.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, PNIPAAm will undergo volume changes or surface property changes under different humidity environments. When the ambient humidity increases, the hydrophilic groups in the PNIPAAm molecules interact with water molecules, absorb moisture, and cause the molecular chains to expand. This expansion will reduce the gaps between the yarns and reduce the possibility of moisture intrusion. At the same time, changes in the surface properties of PNIPAAm will also affect the charge distribution. For example, when the humidity increases, the surface charge density of PNIPAAm may change, thereby compensating for the effect of humidity changes on charge transfer. In a dry environment, the hydrophobic groups in the PNIPAAm molecules interact to shrink the molecular chains. The gaps between the yarns are relatively enlarged, which is conducive to air circulation and reduces the possibility of static electricity accumulation. This humidity adaptive adjustment capability enables the yarn to automatically adjust its own performance according to changes in ambient humidity and maintain the stability of the electrical signal. During vibration monitoring, changes in ambient humidity may interfere with charge transfer and electrical signal transmission, resulting in inaccurate monitoring results. After the introduction of PNIPAAm, the fabric can maintain stable performance under different humidity environments. When the humidity changes, PNIPAAm can respond in time to compensate for the impact of humidity changes on charge transfer, ensuring the stable generation and transmission of triboelectric signals, thereby improving the accuracy of vibration monitoring and the ability to resist humidity interference.

[0029] Optionally, the copper-plated yarn is prepared by the following method: (1) Clean and dry the yarn, then immerse the yarn in a hydrochloric acid solution for 10-15 minutes, and wash it after immersion; (2) dissolving stannous chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution to prepare a sensitizing solution with a concentration of 10-20 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (1) in the sensitizing solution for 10-15 min, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (3) dissolving palladium chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution to prepare an activation solution with a concentration of 0.5-1 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (2) in the activation solution for 10-15 min, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (4) Immersing the yarn obtained in step (3) in a chemical copper plating solution, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 40-50° C. for 30-60 minutes, taking out the yarn after the reaction is completed, rinsing it with deionized water three times, and then drying it at 60-80° C. to obtain a copper-plated yarn.

[0030] By adopting the above technical scheme, first, the yarn is cleaned and dried to remove impurities and moisture on the surface of the yarn to ensure the effect of subsequent treatment. Then the yarn is immersed in a hydrochloric acid solution, which can remove oxides and other contaminants on the surface of the yarn, which is conducive to subsequent sensitization and activation treatment. The sensitization treatment is to dissolve stannous chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution to prepare a sensitizing solution, and immerse the yarn in the sensitizing solution. The tin ions in stannous chloride will be adsorbed on the surface of the yarn to form a layer of reducing tin layer. This tin layer can provide active sites for subsequent activation treatment, so that the activator can be better adsorbed on the surface of the yarn. The activation treatment is to dissolve palladium chloride (PdCl2) in a hydrochloric acid solution to prepare an activation solution, and immerse the sensitized yarn in the activation solution. The palladium ions in palladium chloride will be reduced to palladium atoms by tin ions and deposited on the surface of the yarn. Palladium atoms have good catalytic activity and can be used as a catalyst for chemical copper plating to promote the reduction reaction of copper ions. Finally, the activated yarn is immersed in the chemical copper plating solution and stirred at a temperature of 40-50°C for 30-60 minutes. The copper sulfate in the chemical copper plating solution provides copper ions, and formaldehyde acts as a reducing agent. Under the catalytic action of palladium atoms, the copper ions are reduced to copper atoms and deposited on the surface of the yarn. As the reaction proceeds, copper atoms are continuously deposited to form a uniform and continuous copper plating layer. Copper is a good conductive material with low resistance and high conductivity. The copper plating layer on the surface of the copper-plated yarn can efficiently collect the charges generated by the triboelectric effect between the negative friction layer and the positive friction layer, and transmit these charges to the external circuit to form an electrical signal. In this way, vibration monitoring can be achieved by detecting and analyzing the electrical signal. The entire preparation process ensures the conductive performance of the copper-plated yarn and provides a guarantee for accurate vibration monitoring.

[0031] Optionally, the chemical copper plating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of copper sulfate; 30-50 parts of potassium sodium tartrate; 10-15 parts of sodium hydroxide; Formaldehyde 10-15 parts; 150-200 parts of water.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the above chemical copper plating solution formula ensures the smooth progress of the chemical copper plating process, obtains a high-quality copper plating layer, improves the conductivity and stability of the electrode layer, and thus improves the vibration monitoring performance of the fabric.

[0033] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Since the present application adopts a layered structure design of an electronegative friction layer, an electronegative friction layer and an electrode layer, and combines the principle of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering are obtained. The woven spacer fabric of the present application realizes multiple functions through a unique layered structure. Due to the difference in the electronegativity of the materials, the electronegative friction layer and the electronegative friction layer undergo charge transfer when external vibration occurs, generating a triboelectric effect. The electrode layer is responsible for collecting and transmitting the charge to form an electrical signal, thereby realizing high-sensitivity and fast-response vibration monitoring. In the car seat scene, it can accurately capture the tiny vibrations during vehicle driving and provide the driver with accurate vibration data. In terms of vibration buffering, the electronegative friction layer is woven with monofilaments and interwoven with other yarns to form a structure with elasticity and buffering properties. The monofilaments form cross-shaped and buckled spatial structures in the weft and warp directions, respectively. When subjected to pressure or vibration, the buckled monofilaments elastically deform like springs to absorb energy, while the cross-shaped structure disperses the force in the horizontal direction and consumes energy through friction sliding, effectively reducing vibration transmission and improving ride comfort. In addition, the coated yarn of the negative friction layer is added with electromagnetic shielding materials, which can effectively reflect, absorb and scatter electromagnetic waves, reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference on charge transfer and electrical signal transmission, ensure the accuracy and stability of vibration monitoring in complex electromagnetic environments, and ensure the normal operation of the monitoring performance of the spacer fabric in a variety of environments.

[0034] 2. In this application, a specific coated yarn preparation method is preferably used, including adding a variety of functional materials and performing multi-step treatment, so that the negative friction layer has good electromagnetic shielding, hydrophobic and humidity adaptive adjustment capabilities. When preparing the coated yarn, nano nickel, graphene, etc. are mixed to form an organic dispersion, and the electromagnetic shielding material is evenly dispersed in dimethyl silicone oil by ultrasonic and stirring treatment. Dimethyl silicone oil not only plays a dispersing role, but also gives the yarn flexibility and smoothness, which is convenient for weaving. Nano nickel and graphene synergistically improve the electromagnetic shielding performance. When there are electromagnetic waves in the outside world, they reflect and absorb electromagnetic waves by generating induced current and reverse magnetic field. The yarn is hydrophobic treated, and a hydrophobic treatment liquid is prepared by dissolving polyperfluorooctyl acrylate in dimethyl sulfoxide. Polyperfluorooctyl acrylate has extremely low surface energy, forms a hydrophobic film on the surface of the yarn, increases the water contact angle, prevents water from adhering and penetrating, avoids charge leakage or short circuit caused by water, ensures normal charge transfer in a humid environment, and improves the accuracy of vibration monitoring. The secondary impregnation introduces poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm), which changes in volume or surface properties under different humidity environments. When the humidity rises, the molecular chain expands to reduce the gap between the yarns, reducing water intrusion, while the surface charge density changes to compensate for the effect of humidity on charge transfer; when drying, the molecular chain shrinks, increasing the gap between the yarns and reducing static electricity accumulation. This humidity adaptive adjustment capability maintains the stability of the electrical signal and improves the vibration monitoring performance of the fabric under different humidity environments.

[0035] 3. The method of the present application obtains a high-quality copper coating by precisely controlling the preparation process of the copper-plated yarn and optimizing the formula of the chemical copper plating solution, thereby improving the conductivity and stability of the electrode layer and improving the effect of the vibration monitoring performance of the fabric. In the preparation process of the copper-plated yarn, the yarn is first cleaned and dried, and then activated by soaking in hydrochloric acid to prepare for subsequent treatment. The sensitization treatment allows the yarn surface to adsorb tin ions to form a reducible tin layer, which provides active sites for the activation treatment. During the activation treatment, the palladium ions are reduced to palladium atoms and deposited on the yarn surface, and the palladium atoms act as a catalyst to promote the chemical copper plating reaction. During chemical copper plating, the yarn is immersed in a copper plating solution of a specific formula and stirred at a suitable temperature for reaction. Copper sulfate in the copper plating solution provides copper ions, potassium sodium tartrate acts as a chelating agent to control the release rate of copper ions, sodium hydroxide adjusts the pH, and formaldehyde acts as a reducing agent to reduce copper ions to copper atoms and deposit them on the yarn surface under the catalysis of palladium atoms. Reasonable copper plating solution formula and reaction conditions ensure the formation of a uniform, continuous, high-quality copper coating. The copper plating has good conductivity and can efficiently collect and transmit the charges generated by the negative friction layer and the positive friction layer to form a stable electrical signal. The high-quality copper plating improves the conductivity and stability of the electrode layer, reduces signal transmission loss, ensures the accuracy of vibration monitoring, and provides a reliable conductive foundation for vibration monitoring based on the principle of triboelectricity, making the fabric perform better in vibration monitoring applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall layer structure of the woven spacer fabric of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spacer layer structure of a woven spacer fabric in an embodiment of the present application in the weft direction; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spacer layer structure of the woven spacer fabric in the warp direction according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure numerals: 1, electrically negative friction layer; 2, electrically positive friction layer; 3, electrode layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0039] Preparation example of coated yarn The yarn used in the preparation example of the covered yarn is PTFE yarn with a linear density of 200 tex and a twist of 500 T / m.

[0040] Preparation Example 1 The coated yarn is prepared by the following method: A. Mix nano nickel, graphene, dimethyl silicone oil, toluene, a stabilizer and a dispersant according to the ratio in Table 1, perform ultrasonic treatment for 60 minutes, and then stir for 60 minutes to obtain an organic dispersion; the stabilizer is polyvinyl pyrrolidone; the dispersant is polyethylene glycol; B. Clean and dry the PTFE yarn, then immerse the yarn in an organic dispersion for 10 minutes. After the immersion is completed, remove the excess organic dispersion by scraping, and then dry and solidify the impregnated yarn to obtain the pretreated yarn; C. Dissolve polyperfluorooctyl acrylate in dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare a hydrophobic treatment solution with a mass concentration of 5%, immerse the pretreated yarn in the hydrophobic treatment solution for 10 minutes, take out the yarn after the immersion is completed, drain the excess treatment solution, and then dry it to obtain the hydrophobic yarn; D. Dissolve poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) in ethanol to prepare an impregnation solution with a mass concentration of 2%, immerse the hydrophobic yarn in the impregnation solution for 15 minutes, take out the yarn after the impregnation, and dry it at 40°C to obtain the coated yarn.

[0041] Preparation Example 2 The coated yarn is prepared by the following method: A. Mix nano nickel, graphene, dimethyl silicone oil, toluene, a stabilizer and a dispersant according to the ratio in Table 1, perform ultrasonic treatment for 90 minutes, and then stir for 90 minutes to obtain an organic dispersion; the stabilizer is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate; B. Clean and dry the PTFE yarn, then immerse the yarn in an organic dispersion for 20 minutes. After the immersion is completed, remove the excess organic dispersion by scraping, and then dry and solidify the impregnated yarn to obtain the pretreated yarn; C. Dissolve polyperfluorooctyl acrylate in dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare a hydrophobic treatment solution with a mass concentration of 10%, immerse the pretreated yarn in the hydrophobic treatment solution for 15 minutes, take out the yarn after the immersion is completed, drain the excess treatment solution, and then dry it to obtain the hydrophobic yarn; D. Dissolve poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) in ethanol to prepare an impregnation solution with a mass concentration of 4%, immerse the hydrophobic yarn in the impregnation solution for 18 minutes, take out the yarn after the impregnation, and dry it at 50°C to obtain the coated yarn.

[0042] Preparation Example 3 The coated yarn is prepared by the following method: A. Mix nano nickel, graphene, dimethyl silicone oil, toluene, a stabilizer and a dispersant according to the ratio in Table 1, perform ultrasonic treatment for 120 min, and then stir for 120 min to obtain an organic dispersion; the stabilizer is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate; B. Clean and dry the PTFE yarn, then immerse the yarn in an organic dispersion for 30 minutes. After the immersion is completed, remove the excess organic dispersion by scraping, and then dry and solidify the impregnated yarn to obtain the pretreated yarn; C. Dissolve polyperfluorooctyl acrylate in dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare a hydrophobic treatment solution with a mass concentration of 15%, immerse the pretreated yarn in the hydrophobic treatment solution for 20 minutes, take out the yarn after the immersion is completed, drain the excess treatment solution, and then dry it to obtain the hydrophobic yarn; D. Dissolve poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) in ethanol to prepare an impregnation solution with a mass concentration of 5%, immerse the hydrophobic yarn in the impregnation solution for 20 minutes, take out the yarn after the impregnation, and dry it at 60°C to obtain the coated yarn.

[0043] Table 1 Components and ratios of organic dispersions in Preparation Examples 1-3 (kg)

[0044] Preparation Example 4 The coated yarn is different from Preparation Example 3 in that: in this Preparation Example, no hydrophobic treatment is performed, that is, the operation of step C is not performed, and in step D, the pretreated yarn obtained in step B is directly used for impregnation.

[0045] Preparation Example 5 The coated yarn is different from Preparation Example 3 in that no secondary impregnation treatment is performed in this Preparation Example, that is, the operation of step D is not performed.

[0046] Preparation Example 6 The coated yarn is different from Preparation Example 3 in that no nano nickel is added to the organic dispersion in step A of this Preparation Example.

[0047] Preparation example of copper-coated yarn The yarn used in the preparation example of the copper-plated yarn is nylon yarn with a linear density of 300 tex and a twist of 550 T / m.

[0048] Preparation Example 7 The copper-plated yarn is prepared by the following method: (1) Clean and dry the nylon yarn, then immerse the yarn in a hydrochloric acid solution for 10 min. After immersion, rinse with deionized water until neutral; (2) dissolving stannous chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass concentration of 15% to prepare a sensitizing solution with a concentration of 10 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (1) in the sensitizing solution for 10 min, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (3) dissolving palladium chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass concentration of 15% to prepare an activation solution with a concentration of 0.5 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (2) in the activation solution for 10 min, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (4) Immerse the yarn obtained in step (3) in a chemical copper plating solution, the components and proportions of which are shown in Table 2, and then stir and react at a temperature of 40° C. for 30 min. After the reaction is completed, take out the yarn, and then dry it at 60° C. to obtain a copper-plated yarn.

[0049] Preparation Example 8 The copper-plated yarn is prepared by the following method: (1) Clean and dry the nylon yarn, then immerse the yarn in a hydrochloric acid solution for 12 minutes. After immersion, rinse with deionized water until neutral; (2) dissolving stannous chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass concentration of 15% to prepare a sensitizing solution with a concentration of 15 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (1) in the sensitizing solution for 12 minutes, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (3) dissolving palladium chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass concentration of 15% to prepare an activation solution with a concentration of 0.8 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (2) in the activation solution for 12 minutes, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (4) Immerse the yarn obtained in step (3) in a chemical copper plating solution, the components and proportions of which are shown in Table 2, and then stir and react at a temperature of 45° C. for 50 min. After the reaction is completed, take out the yarn, and then dry it at 70° C. to obtain a copper-plated yarn.

[0050] Preparation Example 9 The copper-plated yarn is prepared by the following method: (1) Clean and dry the nylon yarn, then immerse the yarn in a hydrochloric acid solution for 15 minutes. After immersion, rinse with deionized water until neutral; (2) dissolving stannous chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass concentration of 15% to prepare a sensitizing solution with a concentration of 20 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (1) in the sensitizing solution for 15 min, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (3) dissolving palladium chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass concentration of 15% to prepare an activation solution with a concentration of 1.0 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (2) in the activation solution for 15 min, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (4) Immerse the yarn obtained in step (3) in a chemical copper plating solution, the components and proportions of which are shown in Table 2, and then stir and react at a temperature of 50° C. for 60 min. After the reaction is completed, take out the yarn, and then dry it at 80° C. to obtain a copper-plated yarn.

[0051] Table 2 Composition and ratio of chemical copper plating solution of preparation examples 7-9 (kg)

[0052] Example Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering includes an electric negative friction layer 1, an electric positive friction layer 2 and an electrode layer 3, wherein the electric positive friction layer 2 is located between the electric negative friction layer 1 and the electrode layer 3; the electric negative friction layer 1 is obtained by weaving the coated yarn through a warp knitting machine, and the warp let-off amount of the warp knitting machine during weaving is 400mm / rack; the pulling speed is 30m / min; the electrode layer 3 is obtained by weaving the copper-plated yarn through a warp knitting machine, and the warp let-off amount of the warp knitting machine during weaving is 350mm / rack; the pulling speed is 25m / min; the electric positive friction layer 2 is obtained by weaving the monofilament through a warp knitting machine, and the warp let-off amount of the warp knitting machine during weaving is 300mm / rack; the pulling speed is 25m / min. In this embodiment, the coated yarn is selected from the coated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 1; the copper-plated yarn is selected from the copper-plated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 7, and the monofilament is selected from nylon monofilament.

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the monofilaments, the coated yarns, and the copper-plated yarns are interwoven during weaving to achieve the connection between the electric positive friction layer 2, the electric negative friction layer 1, and the electrode layer 3. The monofilaments form a spacer layer structure during weaving; the spacer layer structure presents a cross-shaped spatial structure in the weft section, and the spacer layer structure presents a buckled spatial structure in the warp section.

[0054] Example 2 A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering. The difference from Example 1 is that the coated yarn in this embodiment is the coated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 2; the copper-plated yarn is the copper-plated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 8.

[0055] Example 3 A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering. The difference from Example 1 is that the coated yarn in this embodiment is the coated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 3; the copper-plated yarn is the copper-plated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 9.

[0056] Example 4 A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering. The difference from Example 1 is that the coated yarn in this embodiment is the coated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 4; the copper-plated yarn is the copper-plated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 9.

[0057] Example 5 A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering. The difference from Example 1 is that the coated yarn in this embodiment is the coated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 5; the copper-plated yarn is the copper-plated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 9.

[0058] Example 6 A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering. The difference from Example 1 is that the coated yarn in this embodiment is the coated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 6; the copper-plated yarn is the copper-plated yarn prepared in Preparation Example 9.

[0059] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 A composite fabric is prepared according to Example 1 with publication number CN116084082A and patent name “A high elastic shape-retaining composite fabric under seat leather”.

[0060] Comparative Example 2 A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering. The difference from Example 1 is that the negative friction layer in this example is directly woven with PTFE yarn, and the electrode layer is directly woven with nylon yarn.

[0061] Comparative Example 3 A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering, which is different from Example 1 in that the electric positive friction layer in this embodiment is woven with polyester monofilament.

[0062] Performance testing Test 1: Vibration reduction performance test The fabrics of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were placed on a vibration test platform respectively. By comparing the collected values ​​of accelerometer II and accelerometer I, the vibration transmission rate TRH of the system can be obtained. TRH<1 indicates that the spacer fabric has a vibration reduction effect. The smaller the TRH value, the better the vibration reduction effect. TRH>1 indicates that not only does it not have a vibration reduction effect, but it increases the vibration. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0063] Table 3 Vibration reduction performance test results

[0064] Test 2: Vibration monitoring performance test Select a vibration generator that can generate vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes, such as an electromagnetic vibrator. In order to accurately record the applied vibration conditions. Fix the fabric sample to be tested on the electrical test device to ensure that the electrode layer can be well connected to the electrodes of the electrical test device to collect the electrical signals generated by the fabric. Set the vibration parameters of the vibration generator, gradually changing from low frequency to high frequency, such as 5Hz, 10Hz, and 20Hz, and test at each frequency separately. During each test, start the vibration generator to vibrate according to the set parameters, and record the voltage signal changes generated by the woven spacer fabric through the electrical test device. Record the stable voltage value under each test condition and the curve of voltage change over time. The test results are shown in Table 4.

[0065] Table 4 Vibration monitoring performance test results

[0066] Test 3 Monitoring performance stability test On the basis of the second test, when the vibration frequency of the vibration generating device is 20Hz, when the voltage signal generated by the woven spacer fabric recorded by the electrical test device is stable, a signal generator is used to apply an electromagnetic signal of 50Hz and 50μT to the test bench, and the vertical distance between the signal generator and the fabric sample is 10cm. Under the condition of applying electromagnetic interference, the changes in the voltage signal displayed by the electrical test device are continuously observed and recorded. The fluctuation range of the voltage and whether there are abnormal voltage spikes or mutations are recorded. The test results are shown in Table 5.

[0067] Table 5 Monitoring performance stability test results

[0068] It can be seen from Table 3 that the TRH values ​​of Examples 1-6 are all less than 1, indicating that these fabrics have a vibration reduction effect. Among them, the TRH value of Example 3 is the smallest (0.30), and the vibration reduction effect is the best. This is because the preparation process of the coated yarn in Example 3 is better, the proportion of each component in the organic dispersion is reasonable, and the electromagnetic shielding material is evenly dispersed, so that the performance of the negative friction layer is better. At the same time, the spacing layer structure formed by the weaving of its monofilaments can absorb and disperse energy more effectively when buffering vibrations. For example, when the buckled monofilament vibrates in the vertical direction, it has a strong elastic deformation ability and can convert more vibration energy into elastic potential energy; the cross-shaped structure can better disperse force and consume energy in the horizontal direction.

[0069] It can be seen from Table 3 that the TRH value of Comparative Example 1 is 1.21, which is greater than 1. It not only fails to reduce vibration, but increases vibration. This is because the composite fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1 has a different structure and material composition from the woven spacer fabric of the present application, does not have the unique vibration reduction structure and functional materials of the fabric of the present application, and cannot effectively buffer vibration, resulting in an increase in vibration transmission rate. The TRH value of Comparative Example 2 is 0.62, which has a certain vibration reduction effect, but is not as good as the embodiment. Its negative friction layer is directly woven with PTFE yarn, and the electrode layer is directly woven with nylon yarn. It lacks the special treatment of the coated yarn and copper-plated yarn in the present application, and cannot give full play to the vibration reduction effect of the electromagnetic shielding material and the special structure, resulting in limited vibration reduction performance.

[0070] The TRH value of Comparative Example 3 is 1.14, which is greater than 1, and the vibration reduction effect is poor. Its electric positive friction layer is woven with polyester monofilament, which is different from the woven structure of nylon monofilament in the embodiment. It has weaker ability in absorbing and dispersing vibration energy and cannot effectively buffer vibration, resulting in a high vibration transmission rate.

[0071] It can be seen from Table 4 that the stable voltage values ​​of Examples 1-3 at different frequencies are relatively high. Taking Example 1 as an example, the stable voltage values ​​at 5Hz, 10Hz, and 20Hz are 52.3mV, 71.6mV, and 83.2mV, respectively. This is because the preparation process of the coated yarn of Examples 1-3 is complete, and the electromagnetic shielding material is evenly dispersed, which can effectively reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference on charge transfer. At the same time, the preparation process of the copper-plated yarn of its electrode layer is reasonable, the copper plating layer is of high quality, and the conductivity is good. It can efficiently collect and transmit charges, thereby generating a higher stable voltage value and realizing accurate vibration monitoring.

[0072] It can be seen from Table 4 that the stable voltage values ​​of Examples 4-6 are slightly worse than those of Examples 1-3. For example, the stable voltage values ​​of Example 4 at 5Hz, 10Hz, and 20Hz are 35.3mV, 51.7mV, and 62.8mV, respectively. Example 4 was not subjected to hydrophobic treatment, and moisture may affect charge transfer; Example 5 was not subjected to secondary impregnation treatment, and lacked the ability to adaptively adjust humidity; Example 6 did not add nano-nickel, and the electromagnetic shielding performance decreased. These factors all lead to certain effects on charge transfer and electrical signal transmission, a decrease in the stable voltage value, and a weakening of the vibration monitoring performance.

[0073] It can be seen from Table 4 that the stable voltage values ​​of Comparative Examples 1-3 are the lowest and the vibration monitoring performance is the worst. The structure and materials of Comparative Example 1 are different from those of the present application, and it is impossible to effectively generate and transmit charges; the negative friction layer and electrode layer of Comparative Example 2 are not specially treated, and the charge generation and transmission efficiency is low; the positive friction layer of Comparative Example 3 has different materials, which affects the charge transfer. All these make the voltage signals generated by them during vibration monitoring weak, making it difficult to accurately monitor vibration.

[0074] It can be seen from Table 5 that the voltage fluctuation range of Examples 1-3 is small (±2-±3mV) and no abnormality occurs. This is because their coated yarns have good electromagnetic shielding, hydrophobicity and humidity adaptive adjustment capabilities, and can effectively resist the influence of external electromagnetic interference and humidity changes on charge transfer and electrical signal transmission. The high-quality copper plating layer of the electrode layer has stable conductivity, ensuring stable electrical signal transmission, so the voltage fluctuation is small under electromagnetic interference and the monitoring performance is stable.

[0075] It can be seen from Table 5 that the voltage fluctuation range of Examples 4-6 is relatively large (±7-±12mV), and Example 6 is abnormal. Example 4 is not hydrophobic, and moisture interferes with charge transfer; Example 5 is not secondary impregnated and cannot adapt to humidity changes; Example 6 does not add nano nickel, and the electromagnetic shielding is insufficient. These defects lead to unstable charge transfer and electrical signal transmission under electromagnetic interference, large voltage fluctuations, and even abnormalities.

[0076] It can be seen from Table 5 that the voltage fluctuation range of Comparative Examples 1-3 is extremely large (±17-±19mV) and all of them are abnormal. The structure and materials of Comparative Example 1 cannot effectively stabilize the charge transfer; Comparative Example 2 lacks special treatment, and the electrical signal is easily interfered; Comparative Example 3 has positive friction layer materials that affect the stability of charge transfer. These factors make their monitoring performance extremely unstable under electromagnetic interference, and the voltage fluctuates violently and abnormally.

[0077] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering, characterized in that: It comprises an electrically negative friction layer (1), an electrically positive friction layer (2) and an electrode layer (3), wherein the electrically positive friction layer (2) is located between the electrically negative friction layer (1) and the electrode layer (3); The negatively charged friction layer (1) is obtained by weaving a coated yarn through a warp knitting machine, wherein the coated yarn is obtained by coating an organic dispersion on the surface of the yarn and drying it, wherein the organic dispersion contains an electromagnetic shielding material; The electrode layer (3) is obtained by weaving copper-plated yarn through a warp knitting machine, and the copper-plated yarn is obtained by chemically depositing copper on the surface of the yarn; The electric positive friction layer (2) is obtained by weaving monofilaments through a warp knitting machine; The monofilaments are interwoven with the coated yarns and the copper-plated yarns during weaving, so as to achieve connection between the electrically positive friction layer (2), the electrically negative friction layer (1) and the electrode layer (3).

2. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monofilaments form a spacer layer structure during the weaving process; The spacer layer structure presents a cross-shaped spatial structure in the weft section, and the spacer layer structure presents a buckled spatial structure in the warp section.

3. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coated yarn is prepared by the following method: A. Mix nano nickel, graphene, dimethyl silicone oil, toluene, a stabilizer and a dispersant, perform ultrasonic treatment for 60-120 min, and then stir for 60-120 min to obtain an organic dispersion; B. Clean and dry the yarn, then immerse the yarn in an organic dispersion for 10-30 minutes, remove excess organic dispersion by scraping after immersion, and then dry and solidify the impregnated yarn to obtain the pretreated yarn; C. performing hydrophobic treatment on the pretreated yarn to obtain a hydrophobic yarn; D. The hydrophobic yarn is subjected to secondary impregnation treatment to obtain the coated yarn.

4. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The components and proportions of the organic dispersion in step A are as follows: 20-30 parts of nano nickel; Graphene 5-10 parts; 40-60 parts of dimethyl silicone oil; Toluene 10-20 parts; 1-3 parts of stabilizer; Dispersant 1-3 parts.

5. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stabilizer is any one of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and oleic acid.

6. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dispersant is any one of polyethylene glycol, sodium polyacrylate and lecithin.

7. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific method of performing hydrophobic treatment on the pretreated yarn in step C is as follows: Dissolve polyperfluorooctyl acrylate in dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare a hydrophobic treatment solution with a mass concentration of 5%-15%, immerse the pretreated yarn in the hydrophobic treatment solution for 10-20 minutes, take out the yarn after immersion, drain the excess treatment solution, and then dry it to obtain the hydrophobic yarn.

8. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for performing a secondary impregnation treatment on the hydrophobic yarn in step D is as follows: Dissolve poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) in ethanol to prepare an impregnation solution with a mass concentration of 2%-5%, immerse the hydrophobic yarn in the impregnation solution for 15-20 minutes, take out the yarn after the impregnation, and dry it at 40-60°C to obtain the coated yarn.

9. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper-plated yarn is prepared by the following method: (1) Soak the yarn in hydrochloric acid solution for 10-15 minutes and wash it after soaking; (2) dissolving stannous chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution to prepare a sensitizing solution with a concentration of 10-20 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (1) in the sensitizing solution for 10-15 min, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (3) dissolving palladium chloride in a hydrochloric acid solution to prepare an activation solution with a concentration of 0.5-1 g / L, immersing the yarn obtained in step (2) in the activation solution for 10-15 min, and taking it out after the immersion is completed; (4) Immersing the yarn obtained in step (3) in a chemical copper plating solution, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 40-50° C. for 30-60 minutes, taking out the yarn after the reaction is completed, rinsing it with deionized water three times, and then drying it at 60-80° C. to obtain a copper-plated yarn.

10. The woven spacer fabric with dual functions of vibration monitoring and vibration buffering according to claim 9, characterized in that: The chemical copper plating solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of copper sulfate; 30-50 parts of potassium sodium tartrate; 10-15 parts of sodium hydroxide; Formaldehyde 10-15 parts; 150-200 parts of water.

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