Textile technology of functional fiber material

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile technology of a functional fiber material, the textile technology comprises four steps of fiber processing, weaving, after-finishing and quality control, spinning is carried out by adopting an air spinning method, the production efficiency is improved, nano fluoride is attached to the surface of a fabric by adopting an impregnation method, the distribution uniformity of the nano fluoride is improved, and the functional fiber material is obtained. The applicability to a complex structure is improved, the nano fluoride solution is prepared through a mechanochemical method, the textile process is simplified, and the textile cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a weaving process of a functional fiber material. Background Art

[0002] Functional fiber materials in the prior art are generally manufactured using the traditional ring spinning method. However, this method requires the yarn itself to have high strength. In the actual textile process, yarn breakage often occurs, reducing work efficiency. In addition, when performing functional combination, a simple coating process is performed, resulting in poor uniformity of coating thickness, which affects the air permeability and feel of the fabric. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a weaving process for functional fiber materials.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a textile process of a functional fiber material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Fiber processing: a. Fiber selection: Choose natural fiber or synthetic fiber according to your needs; b. Fiber preparation: opening, mixing, combing and drawing the fibers to form fiber strips; c. Feeding: The fiber strips enter the spinning device through the feeding roller; d. Airflow twisting: high-speed rotating airflow twists the fibers; e. Yarn formation: The twisted fibers are formed into yarns through yarn guides; f. Winding: The yarn is wound on the bobbin to complete the spinning; Step 2: Weaving: a. Loom settings: Set the corresponding loom parameters according to the fabric design, including warp and weft density, fabric structure, etc.; b. Shedding: The warp yarn is raised and lowered by the heald to form a shed; c. Weft insertion: introducing the weft yarn into the shed; d. Beating up: Use a reed to tighten the weft yarn to form a fabric; Step 3: Finishing: a. Desizing: removing the sizing added during the weaving process; b. Refining: removing natural impurities and oil from the fiber; c. Bleaching: bleaching the fabric; d. Dyeing: dyeing the fabric; e. Printing: adding patterns to fabrics; f. Composite: composite with nanomaterials; g. Coating: coating the fabric surface; Step 4: Quality Control: a. Physical properties test: test the fabric's strength, wear resistance and other physical properties; b. Chemical performance test: Test the chemical properties of the fabric such as acid and alkali resistance; c. Functional performance test: test the antibacterial properties, flame retardant properties, etc. of the fabric.

[0005] Preferably, in step 1, the spinning speed is 400-500 m / min.

[0006] Preferably, in step 3, the dyeing step comprises: a. Prepare dye solution; b. Immerse the fabric in the dye solution and control the temperature and time; c. Take the fabric out of the dye solution and remove the floating color by washing; d. Fix the color by steaming.

[0007] Preferably, in step 3, the step of printing comprises: a. Prepare printing paste; b. Applying the printing paste to the fabric through a printing machine; c. Pre-drying to remove moisture; d. Fixing by steaming; e. Wash with water to remove floating color.

[0008] Preferably, the fabric is immersed in a dye solution, the pH value of the dye solution is 10-11, the dyeing temperature is 60-80° C., and the dyeing time is 30-60 minutes.

[0009] Preferably, the compounding step of step 3 comprises: a. Prepare nano fluoride solution; b. Immerse the fabric in the solution for 18 hours; c. Take out the fabric, dry and cure it; d. Immerse the cured fabric in the solution again for 6 hours; e. Take out the fabric again, and dry and cure it again.

[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the nano-fluoride solution comprises the following steps: a. Mixing metal oxide and fluoride; b. Mechanical grinding in a high-energy ball mill to induce a chemical reaction; c. Obtaining nano fluoride powder; d. Dispersing the nano-fluoride powder in a solvent to obtain a nano-fluoride solution.

[0011] Preferably, the coating step of step 3 comprises: a. Pour the coating slurry containing polytetrafluoroethylene into the roller coater; b. When the fabric passes through the roller, the slurry is evenly coated; c. Drying and curing the coated fabric.

[0012] Preferably, the fabric is dried by infrared radiation and the coating is cured by ultraviolet radiation.

[0013] Preferably, the cured fabric is subjected to a surface finish treatment by a calender.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the textile process of a functional fiber material of the present invention adopts an air-spinning method for spinning, which improves production efficiency, adopts an impregnation method to achieve the attachment of nano-fluorides on the surface of the fabric, improves the uniformity of the distribution of nano-fluorides, and improves the applicability to complex structures, and prepares nano-fluoride solutions through a mechanochemical method, which simplifies the textile process and reduces the textile cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] A weaving process of a functional fiber material of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: Fiber processing: a. Fiber selection: Choose natural fiber or synthetic fiber according to your needs; The natural fibers here can be cotton or wool; The synthetic fibers here can be polyester or nylon.

[0016] b. Fiber preparation: opening, mixing, combing and drawing the fibers to form fiber strips; The fibers are opened and mixed here mainly to ensure the uniformity of the fibers.

[0017] Here the fibers are combed into a fiber web by a carding machine and further homogenized.

[0018] Drawing is the process of synthesizing the carded fiber web into fiber strips to improve uniformity and strength.

[0019] c. Feeding: The fiber strips enter the spinning device through the feeding roller; d. Airflow twisting: high-speed rotating airflow twists the fibers; e. Yarn formation: The twisted fibers are formed into yarns through yarn guides; f. Winding: The yarn is wound on the bobbin to complete the spinning; The vortex spinning method uses high-speed rotating airflow to twist fibers into yarns. It is particularly suitable for chemical fibers or short fibers and has the characteristics of high efficiency and high quality.

[0020] High efficiency and high speed: The spinning speed can reach 400-500 m / min, which is much higher than traditional ring spinning.

[0021] High-quality yarn: yarn with uniform evenness, less hairiness and high strength.

[0022] Strong adaptability: suitable for chemical fibers and short fibers, especially polyester.

[0023] High degree of automation: Automated operation reduces manual intervention and improves production efficiency.

[0024] Step 2: Weaving: a. Loom settings: Set the corresponding loom parameters according to the fabric design, including warp and weft density, fabric structure, etc.; The warp and weft density of a loom refers to the arrangement density of the warp and weft yarns in the fabric, usually expressed as the number of yarns per inch or per centimeter. It can be set accordingly according to actual needs.

[0025] The fabric structure here mainly refers to the interweaving method of warp and weft yarns. Common ones include plain weave, twill and satin, etc., which can be set accordingly according to actual needs.

[0026] In fact, here you can also adjust the warp beam tension to ensure that the warp yarns are evenly arranged; Here you can also adjust the weft tension to ensure uniform weft insertion; Here you can also adjust the beating lido to ensure the precise arrangement of the weft yarns; Here you can also control production efficiency by adjusting the loom speed.

[0027] b. Shedding: The warp yarn is raised and lowered by the heald to form a shed; c. Weft insertion: introducing the weft yarn into the shed; d. Beating up: Use a reed to tighten the weft yarn to form a fabric; Step 3: Finishing: a. Desizing: removing the sizing added during the weaving process; Fabric desizing is mainly to facilitate the subsequent dyeing, printing and finishing processes.

[0028] Common desizing methods include water desizing, enzyme desizing, alkaline desizing and oxidative desizing.

[0029] Depending on the desizing method and desizing type, the desizing temperature is generally 50-100°C; Depending on the slurry type and desizing method, the desizing time is generally 30-60 minutes; According to the desizing method, the pH value of enzyme desizing is 5-7, and the pH value of alkaline desizing is 10-12; In order to improve the desizing effect, additives such as penetrants or dispersants are generally added.

[0030] b. Refining: removing natural impurities and oil from the fiber; Fabric refining mainly uses chemical or physical methods to remove natural impurities and oil stains in fibers to improve the fabric's hygroscopicity, moisture resistance and dyeing properties.

[0031] Common refining methods generally include: alkali refining, enzyme refining, oxidation refining and solvent refining; According to different refining methods and fiber types, the general refining temperature is 50-100℃, the refining time is 30-60 minutes, the pH value of alkali refining is 10-12, and the pH value of enzyme refining is 5-7.

[0032] c. Bleaching: bleaching the fabric; Fabric bleaching is mainly to remove natural pigments and impurities in the fiber to improve the color and dyeing properties of the fabric.

[0033] d. Dyeing: dyeing the fabric; Fabric dyeing is the process of imparting color to fabric by fixing a dye to the fibers.

[0034] e. Printing: adding patterns to fabrics; Fabric printing is the process of applying dyes or pigments topically to fabric to create patterns and colors.

[0035] f. Composite: composite with nanomaterials; Fabric material conformity is mainly achieved by combining fabric with various materials with special properties to enhance the physical or chemical properties of the fabric itself.

[0036] g. Coating: coating the fabric surface; Fabric coating mainly involves coating the surface of the fabric to enhance its waterproof, antibacterial, UV-resistant and other properties.

[0037] Step 4: Quality Control: a. Physical properties test: test the fabric's strength, wear resistance and other physical properties; Common fabric physical property tests include: measuring the tensile properties of fabrics through a tensile strength tester, testing the fabric's ability to resist tearing through a tear strength tester, using an abrasion tester to test the fabric's wear resistance under friction, using a bursting strength tester to test the fabric's ability to resist bursting, and using a balloon tester to test the fabric's ability to resist pilling during use.

[0038] The tensile strength testing machine can be a universal material testing machine; The tear strength testing machine may be an Elmendorf tear tester; The wear test machine may be a Martindale wear test machine; The bursting strength testing machine may be a Mullen bursting tester; The bursting strength testing machine may be a random tumble pilling tester.

[0039] b. Chemical performance test: Test the chemical properties of the fabric such as acid and alkali resistance; Fabric chemical performance testing is to evaluate the stability and durability of fabrics in chemical environments.

[0040] Common fabric chemical tests include: acid and alkali resistance test, oxidation resistance test, solvent resistance test, light resistance test and sweat resistance test, etc.

[0041] The equipment used in fabric chemical property testing generally includes constant temperature and humidity chamber, light tester, dry cleaning machine and corresponding chemical reagents.

[0042] c. Functional performance test: test the antibacterial properties, flame retardant properties, etc. of the fabric.

[0043] Preferably, in step 1, the spinning speed is 400-500 m / min.

[0044] Preferably, in step 3, the dyeing step comprises: a. Prepare dye solution; b. Immerse the fabric in the dye solution and control the temperature and time; c. Take the fabric out of the dye solution and remove the floating color by washing; d. Fix the color by steaming.

[0045] Preferably, in step 3, the step of printing comprises: a. Prepare printing paste; b. Applying the printing paste to the fabric through a printing machine; c. Pre-drying to remove moisture; d. Fixing by steaming; e. Wash with water to remove floating color.

[0046] Preferably, the fabric is immersed in a dye solution, the pH value of the dye solution is 10-11, the dyeing temperature is 60-80° C., and the dyeing time is 30-60 minutes.

[0047] Preferably, the compounding step of step 3 comprises: a. Prepare nano fluoride solution; b. Immerse the fabric in the solution for 18 hours; c. Take out the fabric, dry and cure it; d. Immerse the cured fabric in the solution again for 6 hours; e. Take out the fabric again, and dry and cure it again.

[0048] Preferably, the method for preparing the nano-fluoride solution comprises the following steps: a. Mixing metal oxide and fluoride; b. Mechanical grinding in a high-energy ball mill to induce a chemical reaction; c. Obtaining nano fluoride powder; d. Dispersing the nano-fluoride powder in a solvent to obtain a nano-fluoride solution.

[0049] Nanofluoride is a nano-scale compound formed by combining fluorine with other elements, such as carbon, silicon, metal, etc. It has extremely low surface energy and excellent waterproof and oil-proof properties. Its chemical properties are temperature-resistant, acid-base and high-temperature resistant, and it has excellent optical properties.

[0050] The impregnation method is used here to achieve the attachment of nano-fluoride on the fiber surface, which improves the uniformity of the distribution of nano-fluoride. It is applicable to various structures and has strong adaptability to complex structures.

[0051] The mechanochemical method is used to prepare nano-fluoride powder, which has a simple process, does not require harsh high temperature and high pressure conditions, and has a low production cost.

[0052] Preferably, the coating step of step 3 comprises: a. Pour the coating slurry containing polytetrafluoroethylene into the roller coater; b. When the fabric passes through the roller, the slurry is evenly coated; c. Drying and curing the coated fabric.

[0053] Here, the fabric surface is coated using a roller coating process, which not only provides uniform coating but also has high production efficiency.

[0054] Preferably, the fabric is dried by infrared rays to remove the solvent.

[0055] The coating is cured by ultraviolet light so that the coating is cross-linked and cured.

[0056] Preferably, the cured fabric is subjected to a surface finish treatment by a calender.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the textile process of a functional fiber material of the present invention adopts an air-spinning method for spinning, which improves production efficiency, adopts an impregnation method to achieve the attachment of nano-fluorides on the surface of the fabric, improves the uniformity of the distribution of nano-fluorides, and improves the applicability to complex structures, and prepares nano-fluoride solutions through a mechanochemical method, which simplifies the textile process and reduces the textile cost.

[0058] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A weaving process for a functional fiber material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Fiber processing: a. Fiber selection: Choose natural fiber or synthetic fiber according to your needs; b. Fiber preparation: opening, mixing, combing and drawing the fibers to form fiber strips; c. Feeding: The fiber strips enter the spinning device through the feeding roller; d. Airflow twisting: high-speed rotating airflow twists the fibers; e. Yarn formation: The twisted fibers are formed into yarns through yarn guides; f. Winding: The yarn is wound on the bobbin to complete the spinning; Step 2: Weaving: a. Loom settings: Set the corresponding loom parameters according to the fabric design, including warp and weft density, fabric structure, etc.; b. Shedding: The warp yarn is raised and lowered by the heald to form a shed; c. Weft insertion: introducing the weft yarn into the shed; d. Beating up: Use a reed to tighten the weft yarn to form a fabric; Step 3: Finishing: a. Desizing: removing the sizing added during the weaving process; b. Refining: removing natural impurities and oil from the fiber; c. Bleaching: bleaching the fabric; d. Dyeing: dyeing the fabric; e. Printing: adding patterns to fabrics; f. Composite: composite with nanomaterials; g. Coating: coating the fabric surface; Step 4: Quality Control: a. Physical properties test: test the fabric's strength, wear resistance and other physical properties; b. Chemical performance test: Test the chemical properties of the fabric such as acid and alkali resistance; c. Functional performance test: test the antibacterial properties, flame retardant properties, etc. of the fabric.

2. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the spinning speed is 400-500 m / min.

3. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the dyeing step includes: a. Prepare dye solution; b. Immerse the fabric in the dye solution and control the temperature and time; c. Take the fabric out of the dye solution and remove the floating color by washing; d. Fix the color by steaming.

4. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the printing steps include: a. Prepare printing paste; b. Applying the printing paste to the fabric through a printing machine; c. Pre-drying to remove moisture; d. Fixing by steaming; e. Wash with water to remove loose color.

5. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fabric is immersed in the dye solution, the pH value of the dye solution is 10-11, the dyeing temperature is 60-80°C, and the dyeing time is 30-60 minutes.

6. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite steps of step 3 include: a. Prepare nano fluoride solution; b. Immerse the fabric in the solution for 18 hours; c. Take out the fabric, dry and cure it; d. Immerse the cured fabric in the solution again for 6 hours; e. Take out the fabric again, and dry and cure it again.

7. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for preparing a nano-fluoride solution comprises the following steps: a. Mixing metal oxide and fluoride; b. Mechanical grinding in a high-energy ball mill to induce a chemical reaction; c. Obtaining nano fluoride powder; d. Dispersing the nano-fluoride powder in a solvent to obtain a nano-fluoride solution.

8. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating steps of step 3 include: a. Pour the coating slurry containing polytetrafluoroethylene into the roller coater; b. When the fabric passes through the roller, the slurry is evenly coated; c. Drying and curing the coated fabric.

9. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fabric is dried by infrared light and the coating is cured by UV light.

10. The weaving process of the functional fiber material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cured fabric is passed through a calender to give it a smooth surface finish.