A sinking well type shaft boring machine and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a sinking well type shaft tunneling machine and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of shield machines; the sinking well type shaft tunneling machine comprises a shield main body, a main drive, a rotating table, an excavation device and a grab bucket device which are arranged on the shield main body; the main drive is connected with the shield main body and the rotating table; the rotating table is connected with a rotating bearing in the main drive; the excavation device comprises a bucket type excavation arm and / or a milling cylinder type excavation arm. The bucket type excavation arm and the milling cylinder type excavation arm are arranged, and a slag discharging device (the grab bucket device) matched with the bucket type excavation arm and a slag discharging device (a slurry discharging pump and a slurry discharging pipe) matched with the milling cylinder type excavation arm are arranged, the two excavation modes and the slag discharging modes are complementary, and the two excavation modes and the slag discharging modes can be arranged separately or combined to realize excavation and slag discharging of different stratum structures.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of shield machines, and relates to a sinking well type shaft tunneling machine and a construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of cities, the demand for various shaft construction is increasing, such as underground stereo garage, rainwater regulation pool, power work well, subway ventilation well and other municipal official shaft. Meanwhile, with the increasing depth of the shaft, even a single shaft needs to pass through complex and variable strata. At present, major construction groups and tunneling equipment manufacturers are increasing the research and development of shaft tunneling equipment, among which the VSM shaft tunneling machine produced by a German enterprise is the most typical. The machine adopts the construction technology combining underwater tunneling and precast segment suspension sinking, and has good application effect in soft soil, weathered rock and other strata. The principles of other shaft tunneling machines for urban environment are consistent with the VSM shaft tunneling machine, and there are differences in structural forms. However, almost all sinking well type (also called sinking type) shaft tunneling machines adopt slurry discharge, which is limited by the diameter of the slurry discharge pipeline and the discharge capacity of the pump. Such shaft tunneling machines are difficult to deal with large-diameter pebble or boulder strata, and the application range is limited. At the same time, the slurry discharge mode consumes a large amount of water resources, which is particularly disadvantageous in some water-deficient areas.

[0003] Therefore, a sinking well type tunneling machine scheme is proposed. In the little water stratum, dry discharge can be used. In the water-rich stratum, wet discharge or dry discharge can be used. It can adapt to little water to water-rich, soft soil to rock, gravel sand to boulder and other various geological conditions. The problem that the shaft tunneling machine relies on single slurry circulation discharge and is difficult to deal with complex and variable geological conditions of shaft engineering is solved, which is a difficult problem to be broken through by the technical personnel in the field. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a sinking well type shaft tunneling machine and a construction method, which can adapt to little water to water-rich, soft soil to rock, gravel sand to boulder and other various geological conditions. The problem that the traditional sinking well type shaft tunneling machine is limited by the single slurry circulation discharge mode and is difficult to be used in boulder stratum is solved. At the same time, the problem of large water resource consumption when the slurry circulation mode is used in little water stratum is solved, and the adaptability of the sinking well type shaft tunneling machine is greatly improved.

[0005] The present application provides a sinking well type shaft tunneling machine, which comprises a shield main body, a main drive, a rotating table, an excavation device and a grab bucket device arranged on the shield main body.

[0006] The fixed end of the main drive is fixedly connected with the shield main body, and the driving end of the main drive is provided with the rotating table. The rotating table is connected with the rotating bearing in the main drive and rotates around the Z-axis of the shaft tunneling under the action of the driving unit.

[0007] The excavation device comprises a bucket-type excavation arm and / or a milling drum-type excavation arm;

[0008] The slewing platform is detachably connected with the bucket-type excavation arm and / or the milling drum-type excavation arm, and drives the bucket-type excavation arm and / or the milling drum-type excavation arm to perform slewing movement;

[0009] The milling drum-type excavation arm comprises an excavation assembly and a residue conveying assembly connected with each other, and the residue conveying assembly is used for conveying the residue generated by the excavation assembly during the excavation to the ground;

[0010] The grab bucket device is used for conveying the rock-soil generated by the bucket-type excavation arm during the excavation to the ground.

[0011] Optionally, the main drive is arranged in a closed cabin structure.

[0012] Optionally, the main drive comprises a slewing bearing, a drive unit and a sealing assembly;

[0013] The fixed end of the drive unit is fixedly connected with the shield body, and the driving end of the drive unit is fixedly connected with the slewing bearing, and is used for driving the slewing bearing to rotate;

[0014] The sealing assembly is arranged between the slewing bearing and the shield body.

[0015] Optionally, a central passage is reserved at the central part of the main drive to facilitate the displacement of the grab bucket device.

[0016] Optionally, an underwater detector is further arranged at the bottom of the slewing platform.

[0017] Optionally, the bucket-type excavation arm is provided with at least one group;

[0018] The single-group bucket-type excavation arm comprises an arm, an arm cylinder, a boom, a boom cylinder, a bucket cylinder and a digging head;

[0019] One end of the arm is hingedly connected with the slewing platform, and the other end of the arm is hingedly connected with the middle segment of the boom;

[0020] One end of the arm cylinder is hingedly connected with the slewing platform, and the other end of the arm cylinder is hingedly connected with the arm, and is used for driving the arm to swing relative to the slewing platform;

[0021] One end of the boom cylinder is hingedly connected with the middle segment of the arm, and the other end of the boom cylinder is hingedly connected with one end of the boom, and is used for driving the boom to swing relative to the arm;

[0022] The other end of the boom is hingedly connected with the digging head, and the boom is provided with the bucket cylinder at the middle segment close to the digging head, one end of the bucket cylinder is hingedly connected with the boom, and the other end of the bucket cylinder is hingedly connected with the digging head, and is used for driving the digging head to swing relative to the boom.

[0023] Optionally, the grab bucket device comprises a gantry crane, a trolley lifting mechanism, a grab bucket and a soil bucket;

[0024] One end of the gantry crane is fixedly installed on the tunnel, and the other end of the gantry crane extends in a vertical direction away from the tunnel excavation face, and two groups of trolley lifting mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the extended end of the gantry crane;

[0025] A grab bucket is installed on the driving end of a single group of trolley lifting mechanisms, for driving the grab bucket to displace in a vertical direction into a soil bucket for storing spoil.

[0026] Optionally, the milling barrel type excavation arm is provided with at least one group;

[0027] A single group of the milling barrel type excavation arm comprises a milling barrel, a milling barrel base, an oscillating arm group, an oscillating cylinder, a slurry discharge pump and a slurry discharge pipe;

[0028] One end of the oscillating arm group is hingedly connected to the rotary table, and the other end of the oscillating arm group is provided with the milling barrel base;

[0029] The milling barrel is installed on the milling barrel base;

[0030] One end of the oscillating cylinder is hingedly connected to the rotary table, and the other end of the oscillating cylinder is hingedly connected to the oscillating arm group, for driving the oscillating arm group to oscillate relative to the rotary table;

[0031] One end of the slurry discharge pipe is arranged at the milling barrel and connected to the slurry discharge pump, and the other end of the slurry discharge pipe extends to the ground.

[0032] Optionally, the open caisson type shaft tunnel boring machine further comprises a support arm connected to the shield main body, a main machine lifting unit and a shaft lifting unit;

[0033] The support arm is used for supporting the open caisson type shaft tunnel boring machine during excavation;

[0034] The main machine lifting unit is used for lifting and transporting the excavation type excavation arm and / or the milling barrel type excavation arm;

[0035] The shaft lifting unit is used for lifting and transporting the segment.

[0036] The application also provides a construction method of an open caisson type shaft tunnel boring machine, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1, preparation work;

[0038] According to different excavation strata, a grab bucket type excavation arm or a milling barrel type excavation arm or both a grab bucket type excavation arm and a milling barrel type excavation arm are selected and installed;

[0039] The caisson type vertical tunneling machine is installed and transported to the tunnel excavation site;

[0040] S2, excavating;

[0041] S2.1, the main drive drives the bucket type excavation arm and the milling cylinder type excavation arm to rotate to a preset excavation angle, the milling cylinder type excavation arm swings excavation along the radial R from the center O to the edge W point, the bucket type excavation arm excavates the stratum directly below the blade foot, when it is detected that there is a large boulder below the blade foot, the large boulder can be broken or cut at a fixed point by using a breaking hammer or a rock saw, and then the grab bucket is used to grab out of the well;

[0042] S2.2, repeat step S2.1 until the entire cross section is excavated, at this time, one tunneling trip is completed;

[0043] S3, the main drive is disconnected from the segment through the support arm in the caisson type vertical shaft tunneling machine, and the bucket type excavation arm and the milling cylinder type excavation arm are lifted upward by the main machine lifting unit in the caisson type vertical shaft tunneling machine, so that the bucket type excavation arm and the milling cylinder type excavation arm are separated from the excavation surface;

[0044] S4, one ring segment is spliced on the ground, the steel strand is released through the shaft lifting unit, and the segment sinking is completed;

[0045] S5, repeat steps S2 to S5 until the final total tunneling trip excavation is completed.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] (1) The caisson type vertical shaft tunneling machine provided by the present application is formed by complementing two excavation methods and slag removal methods through the setting of the bucket type excavation arm and the milling cylinder type excavation arm, the slag removal device (grab bucket device) matched with the bucket type excavation arm, and the slag removal device (slurry pump and slurry discharge pipe) matched with the milling cylinder type excavation arm, and the two excavation methods and slag removal methods can be set separately or combined to realize excavation and slag removal of different stratum structures.

[0048] (2) The construction method of the caisson type vertical shaft tunneling machine provided by the present application can realize excavation of different strata by means of the bucket type excavation arm and / or the milling cylinder type excavation arm and the grab bucket system and slurry pump slag removal mechanism matched therewith, the former is mainly applied to soft soil or boulder stratum with little water, the latter is mainly applied to soft soil, gravel sand and weathered rock stratum with rich water, both of which can be simultaneously carried on the caisson type vertical shaft tunneling machine and complement each other, and in a relatively single stratum, only one of them can be carried, and the vertical shaft construction is more flexible.

[0049] In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present application has other objects, features and advantages. These will become apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are intended to provide further understanding of the application and are incorporated herein in their entirety. The drawings include an example of an embodiment of the present application and illustrate specific examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application in any manner. In the drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a caisson type shaft tunneling machine in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram in plan view;

[0053] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of a hollow main drive;

[0054] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of a ring type slewing table;

[0055] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of a bucket type excavating arm;

[0056] Figure 6 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of a milling drum type excavating arm;

[0057] Figure 7 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of a grab device.

[0058] wherein:

[0059] 1. Hollow main drive, 1-1, slewing bearing, 1-2, drive unit, 1-3, pipeline slewing drag chain, 1-4, sealing assembly;

[0060] 2. Ring type slewing table, 2-1, first hinge lug, 2-2, second hinge lug, 2-3, third hinge lug, 2-4, fourth hinge lug;

[0061] 3. Bucket type excavating arm, 3-1, boom, 3-2, boom cylinder, 3-3, stick, 3-4, stick cylinder, 3-5, bucket cylinder, 3-6, excavating head;

[0062] 4. Milling drum type excavating arm, 4-1, milling drum, 4-2, milling drum base, 4-3, swing arm group, 4-4, swing cylinder, 4-5, slurry discharge pump, 4-6, slurry discharge pipe;

[0063] 5, grab device, 5-1, portal crane, 5-2, trolley hoist, 5-2-1, cable drum, 5-3, electric hydraulic grab, 5-4, soil bucket, 5-5, sensor assembly;

[0064] 6, center channel, 7, underwater probe, 8, excavation face;

[0065] ③-1, excavation position, ③-2, shovel position, ③-3, scraper position, ③-4, transport position, ③-5, retraction position;

[0066] ④-1, swing retraction position, ④-2, swing deployment position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more clear and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the drawings of the present application are all simplified and use non-accurate proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the implementation of the present application; the number of several mentioned in the present application is not limited to the specific number in the example of the drawings; the directions or position relationships mentioned in the present application, such as 'front','middle','rear', 'left', 'right', 'top', 'bottom', 'top', 'bottom','middle', etc., are all based on the directions or position relationships shown in the drawings of the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or parts referred to must have a specific direction, nor can it be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0068] Embodiment:

[0069] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present application provides a caisson type shaft tunneling machine, which comprises a shield body and a hollow main drive 1, an annular rotary table 2, a bucket type excavation arm 3, a milling cylinder type excavation arm 4 and a grab device 5 arranged on the shield body;

[0070] The fixed end of the hollow main drive 1 is fixedly connected with the shield body, and the driving end of the hollow main drive 1 is provided with the annular rotary table 2; the annular rotary table 2 is connected with the rotary bearing 1-1 in the hollow main drive 1 and rotates around the Z-axis of the shaft tunneling under the action of the driving unit 1-2;

[0071] The annular rotary table 2 is detachably connected with the bucket type excavation arm 3 and the milling cylinder type excavation arm 4, so as to simultaneously carry the bucket type excavation arm 3 and the milling cylinder type excavation arm 4, or be connected with the bucket type excavation arm 3 or the milling cylinder type excavation arm 4 alone; the annular rotary table 2 is used to drive the bucket type excavation arm 3 and the milling cylinder type excavation arm 4 to rotate around the Z-axis of the shaft, and cooperate with the swing movement of the bucket type excavation arm 3 and the milling cylinder type excavation arm 4 to realize full-face excavation of the shaft;

[0072] The grab bucket device 5 is used for conveying the rock and soil generated by the excavator arm 3 and / or the milling drum arm 4 during the excavation process to the outside of the excavation site of the caisson shaft tunneling machine.

[0073] Preferably, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the excavator arm 3 excavates from the excavation position ③-1, sequentially passes through the shovel position ③-2, the scraper position ③-3, the transport position ③-4 and the retraction position ③-5, and completes a single round of tunneling work.

[0074] Preferably, referring to Figure 6 As shown, the milling drum arm 4 swings back and forth from the swing retraction position ④-1 and the swing deployment position ④-2, thereby realizing tunneling.

[0075] Preferably, referring to Figure 3 As shown, the hollow main drive 1 is provided as a sealed cabin structure, and a central passage 6 is reserved at the center of the hollow main drive 1 for facilitating the displacement of the grab bucket device 5.

[0076] Further, the hollow main drive 1 comprises a slewing bearing 1-1, a drive unit 1-2, a pipeline slewing drag chain 1-3 and a sealing assembly 1-4.

[0077] The fixed end of the drive unit 1-2 is fixedly connected with the shield body, and the driving end of the drive unit 1-2 is fixedly connected with the slewing bearing 1-1, for driving the slewing bearing 1-1 to rotate.

[0078] The pipeline slewing drag chain 1-3 is arranged on the inner side of the slewing bearing 1-1, for accommodating the cables in the hollow main drive 1.

[0079] The sealing assembly 1-4 is arranged between the slewing bearing 1-1 and the shield body.

[0080] Preferably, referring to Figure 4 As shown, the annular slewing table 2 is provided as a steel box structure, and a plurality of pairs of hinge lugs are arranged on the annular slewing table 2. Specifically, the annular slewing table 2 is provided with a first hinge lug 2-1, a second hinge lug 2-2, a third hinge lug 2-3 and a fourth hinge lug 2-4.

[0081] Further preferably, an underwater detector 7 is further arranged at the bottom of the annular slewing table 2, for detecting the distribution of rock debris by three-dimensionally scanning the bottom excavation surface 8 of the shaft. More preferably, the underwater detector 7 is provided as a sound wave scanning detection structure, for working in a mud environment.

[0082] Preferably, the excavator bucket type excavating arm 3 is provided with at least one group. Specifically, in the embodiment, the excavator bucket type excavating arm 3 is preferably provided with two groups, and the two groups of excavator bucket type excavating arms 3 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction C of the tunnel excavating surface 8, so as to have the ability to excavate the soil layer and the floating stone layer, and also to gather the excavated spoil to the central area, thereby playing a role of collecting spoil.

[0083] Further preferably, referring to Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the single group of excavator bucket type excavating arms 3 includes a movable arm 3-1, a movable arm oil cylinder 3-2, a bucket rod 3-3, a bucket rod oil cylinder 3-4, an excavator bucket oil cylinder 3-5, and an excavating head 3-6.

[0084] One end of the movable arm 3-1 is hingedly connected to the third hinge lug 2-3, and the other end of the movable arm 3-1 is hingedly connected to the middle section of the bucket rod 3-3.

[0085] One end of the movable arm oil cylinder 3-2 is hingedly connected to the fourth hinge lug 2-4, and the other end of the movable arm oil cylinder 3-2 is hingedly connected to the movable arm 3-1, for driving the movable arm 3-1 to swing relative to the annular rotating platform 2.

[0086] One end of the bucket rod oil cylinder 3-4 is hingedly connected to the middle section of the movable arm 3-1, and the other end of the bucket rod oil cylinder 3-4 is hingedly connected to one end of the bucket rod 3-3, for driving the bucket rod 3-3 to swing relative to the movable arm 3-1.

[0087] The other end of the bucket rod 3-3 is hingedly connected to the excavating head 3-6, and the excavator bucket oil cylinder 3-5 is arranged on the middle section of the bucket rod 3-3 close to the excavating head 3-6, one end of the excavator bucket oil cylinder 3-5 is hingedly connected to the bucket rod 3-3, and the other end of the excavator bucket oil cylinder 3-5 is hingedly connected to the excavating head 3-6, for driving the excavating head 3-6 to swing relative to the bucket rod 3-3.

[0088] Further preferably, the movable arm oil cylinder 3-2, the bucket rod oil cylinder 3-4, and the excavator bucket oil cylinder 3-5 are all provided with built-in stroke sensors, the extension lengths of the movable arm oil cylinder 3-2, the bucket rod oil cylinder 3-4, and the excavator bucket oil cylinder 3-5 can be accurately adjusted through the built-in stroke sensors, the excavating arm posture can be accurately controlled, various actions such as digging, shoveling, scooping, and transporting can be realized, and automatic operation can be realized through programmed control.

[0089] Further preferably, the excavating head 3-6 is provided as a shovel, a breaking hammer, a rock saw, or a spiral drill bit, etc., which can excavate and break the stratum.

[0090] Preferably, referring to Figure 6As shown, the milling barrel type excavation arm 4 is provided with at least one group. Specifically, in the embodiment, the milling barrel type excavation arm 4 is preferably provided with two groups, and the two groups of milling barrel type excavation arms 4 are arranged along the circumferential direction C of the tunnel excavation surface 8, having the excavation capability for the soil layer and the floating boulder layer, and also capable of gathering the excavated spoil to the central area, thereby playing a role of collecting spoil.

[0091] Further preferably, the single group of milling barrel type excavation arms 4 comprises a milling barrel 4-1, a milling barrel base 4-2, a swing arm group 4-3, a swing cylinder 4-4, a slurry discharge pump 4-5 and a slurry discharge pipe 4-6;

[0092] One end of the swing arm group 4-3 is hingedly connected to the first hinge lug 2-1, and the other end of the swing arm group 4-3 is provided with the milling barrel base 4-2;

[0093] The milling barrel 4-1 is mounted on the milling barrel base 4-2;

[0094] One end of the swing cylinder 4-4 is hingedly connected to the second hinge lug 2-2, and the other end of the swing cylinder 4-4 is hingedly connected to the swing arm group 4-3, for driving the swing arm group 4-3 to swing relative to the annular rotary table 2;

[0095] One end of the slurry discharge pipe 4-6 is provided at the milling barrel 4-1 and connected to the slurry discharge pump 4-5, and the other end of the slurry discharge pipe 4-6 extends out of the open caisson type shaft tunneling machine, so that the spoil generated by the milling barrel 4-1 during tunneling is transported out of the open caisson type shaft tunneling machine by the pumping of the slurry discharge pump 4-5, so that the milling barrel type excavation arm 4 has the functions of continuous excavation and spoil discharge, and can efficiently excavate in soft soil, gravel sand, soft rock and small and medium-sized boulder stratum. At the same time, it can also discharge small and medium-sized boulders in the floating boulder stratum to the ground. The working process is as follows: the milling barrel 4-1 can rotate around its own axis, swing along the shaft radial direction R through the swing arm group 4-3 around the first hinge lug 2-1, and realize excavation of the stratum through the combined movement of the two groups. The milling barrel 4-1 is also provided with a slurry discharge pump 4-5 behind it, and the outlet of the slurry discharge pump 4-5 is provided with a slurry discharge pipe 4-6. The spoil cut by the milling barrel 4-1 is sucked by the slurry discharge pump 4-5 and then discharged to the ground through the pipeline.

[0096] Preferably, referring to Figure 7 As shown, the grab bucket device 5 is provided as a spoil discharge mechanism matched with the two groups of excavator type excavation arms 3; the electric hydraulic grab bucket 5-3 in the grab bucket device 5 passes through the central passage 6 of the hollow main drive 1 to the bottom of the shaft through the ground-set portal crane 5-1, for grabbing the rock spoil and conveying it to the ground soil bucket 5-4.

[0097] Further preferably, the grab bucket device 5 comprises a portal crane 5-1, a trolley lifting mechanism 5-2, a grab bucket 5-3, a soil bucket 5-4 and a sensor assembly 5-5.

[0098] One end of the portal crane 5-1 is fixedly installed on the tunnel, and the other end of the portal crane 5-1 is arranged to extend in a vertical direction away from the tunnel face, and two groups of trolley hoisting mechanisms 5-2 are arranged at the extending end of the portal crane 5-1 and are spaced apart from each other;

[0099] A grab bucket 5-3 is installed at the driving end of the single group of trolley hoisting mechanisms 5-2, and is used to drive the grab bucket 5-3 to displace in a vertical direction into a soil bucket 5-4 for storing spoil. Further preferably, the grab bucket 5-3 is self-provided with a hydraulic pump station, the power source of the hydraulic pump station is an electric motor, a stroke sensor is arranged in an oil cylinder for driving the grab bucket to open and close, and the stroke sensor is used to detect the opening and closing of the grab bucket in real time, so as to facilitate automatic control.

[0100] The working principle of the grab bucket device 5 is as follows: the grab bucket device 5 has two sets of identical trolley hoisting mechanisms 5-2, when one of the trolley hoisting mechanisms 5-2 moves to the center O of the shaft to enter the spoil grabbing process, the other trolley hoisting mechanism 5-2 is in the process of horizontally moving from the center O of the shaft to the soil bucket 5-4 to unload spoil, and the spoil grabbing efficiency is improved through the alternate operation of the two sets of trolley hoisting mechanisms 5-2.

[0101] Further preferably, the single group of trolley hoisting mechanisms 5-2 also integrates a cable drum 5-6 which synchronously ascends and descends with the grab bucket, so as to facilitate power supply to the grab bucket 5-3.

[0102] Further preferably, a sensor assembly 5-5 is arranged at the single group of trolley hoisting mechanisms 5-2, the sensor assembly 5-5 includes a cross switch or a proximity switch for position detection of the trolley hoisting mechanism 5-2, an encoder for measuring the height position of the grab bucket 5-3, and a weighing sensor for measuring the weight of the grab bucket 5-3, and the whole grabbing operation process is automatically operated through stroke detection, weighing detection and other technologies, so as to improve the stability of the grabbing operation and reduce the labor intensity of the operator.

[0103] Further preferably, the portal crane 5-1 can also be a truck crane, a jib crane or other forms of hoisting machinery.

[0104] Preferably, the working process of the grab bucket device 5 is as follows:

[0105] Step one, positioning, the trolley hoisting mechanism 5-2 moves along the crossbeam of the portal crane 5-1 to the center O of the shaft, and stops when contacting the stop limit switch;

[0106] Step two, empty bucket lowering, the portal crane 5-1 releases the downward movement of the grab bucket 5-3, the height of the grab bucket is obtained through the encoder, and the speed is reduced when approaching the bottom of the shaft, and when the grab bucket 5-3 contacts the excavation face 10, the weighing sensor shows a reduced value and sends a signal, and the portal crane 5-1 stops the releasing action.

[0107] Step three, close the claw to grab the slag, and the grabber is closed to grab the rock slag under the driving of the grabber oil cylinder. The travel and pressure of the grabber oil cylinder are detected to determine whether the grabber is closed in place or clamped.

[0108] Step four, full bucket lifting, the trolley lifting mechanism 5-2 lifts the grab bucket 5-3, the height of the grab bucket is obtained through the encoder, and the lifting is stopped at the preset height.

[0109] Step five, open the claw to unload the slag, the trolley lifting mechanism 5-2 moves along the beam of the gantry crane 5-1 from the center O' to the soil bucket 5-4, stops when touching the stop limit switch, the grabber is opened, and the rock slag is unloaded into the soil bucket 5-4;

[0110] Step six, repeat steps one to five to complete the grabbing cycle.

[0111] Step seven, in order to avoid collision between the two groups of trolley lifting mechanisms 5-2 during alternating operation, waiting time and anti-collision detection are added in the program, and the waiting time is shortened and the grabbing efficiency is improved by reasonably allocating the time of each process.

[0112] As a further embodiment of the present application, in addition to the above structure, the center channel 6 of the hollow main drive 1 and the ring-shaped rotary table 2 can be circular or square, etc., which is suitable for different slag removal mechanisms.

[0113] As a further embodiment of the present application, in addition to the above structure, the open caisson type shaft tunneling machine further comprises a supporting arm connected with the shield body, a main machine lifting unit and a shaft lifting unit;

[0114] The supporting arm is used for supporting the open caisson type shaft tunneling machine during tunneling;

[0115] The main machine lifting unit is used for lifting the excavating arm 3 and / or the milling cylinder excavating arm 4;

[0116] The shaft lifting unit is used for lifting the segment.

[0117] As a further embodiment of the present application, in addition to the above structure, other structures of the open caisson type shaft tunneling machine refer to the prior art.

[0118] As a further embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a construction method for tunneling by using the above-mentioned open caisson type shaft tunneling machine, comprising the following steps:

[0119] S1, according to the geological conditions proved in advance, different excavation devices are selected, when encountering soft upper and hard lower or local floating boulder stratum, the excavating arm and the milling cylinder excavating arm are installed at the same time;

[0120] S2, the hollow main drive drives the excavator type excavation arm and the milling cylinder type excavation arm to rotate to a preset excavation angle, the milling cylinder type excavation arm swings excavation along the radial R from the center O to the edge W point, the excavator type excavation arm excavates the stratum directly below the blade foot, when it is detected that there is a large boulder below the blade foot, the large boulder can be broken or cut by a breaking hammer or a rock saw at a fixed point, and then the grab bucket is used to grab out of the well;

[0121] S3, repeat step S2 until the excavation device completes the entire section excavation, at this time, one trip of excavation is completed;

[0122] S4, the hollow main drive is separated from the segment by the support arm in the caisson type shaft tunneling machine, and the excavator type excavation arm and the milling cylinder type excavation arm are lifted up by the main machine lifting unit in the caisson type shaft tunneling machine, so that the excavator type excavation arm and the milling cylinder type excavation arm are separated from the excavation surface;

[0123] S5, a ring segment is spliced on the ground, the steel strand is released by the shaft lifting unit, and the segment sinking is completed;

[0124] S6, repeat steps S2 to S5 until the final excavation of the total excavation trip is completed.

[0125] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A caisson-type shaft heading machine characterized by, The shield body is provided with a main drive (1), a rotating platform (2), an excavation device and a grab device (5); The fixed end of the main drive (1) is fixedly connected with the shield body, and the driving end of the main drive (1) is provided with the rotating platform (2); the rotating platform (2) is connected with the rotating bearing (1-1) in the main drive (1) and rotates around the Z-axis of the shaft tunneling under the action of the driving unit (1-2); The excavation device comprises two groups of digging bucket type excavation arms (3) and two groups of milling barrel type excavation arms (4); the two groups of digging bucket type excavation arms (3) are arranged along the circumferential direction C of the tunnel excavation surface (8) at intervals; the two groups of milling barrel type excavation arms (4) are arranged along the circumferential direction C of the tunnel excavation surface (8) at intervals; The rotating platform (2) is detachably connected with the digging bucket type excavation arms (3) and the milling barrel type excavation arms (4) and drives the digging bucket type excavation arms (3) and the milling barrel type excavation arms (4) to rotate; an underwater detector (7) is further arranged at the bottom of the rotating platform (2) and detects the distribution of the rock slag by three-dimensionally scanning the bottom excavation surface (8) of the shaft; The milling barrel type excavation arm (4) comprises excavation components and slag discharging components which are connected with each other, and the slag discharging components are used for conveying the slag generated by the excavation components during the excavation process to the ground; The grab device (5) is used for conveying the rock soil generated by the digging bucket type excavation arm (3) during the excavation process to the ground.

2. A caisson-type shaft excavator according to claim 1, characterised in that, The main drive (1) is provided in a sealed cabin structure.

3. A caisson-type shaft sinking machine according to claim 2, characterised in that, The main drive (1) comprises a rotating bearing (1-1), a driving unit (1-2) and a sealing assembly (1-4); The fixed end of the driving unit (1-2) is fixedly connected with the shield body, and the driving end of the driving unit (1-2) is fixedly connected with the rotating bearing (1-1) and is used for driving the rotating bearing (1-1) to rotate; The sealing assembly (1-4) is arranged between the rotating bearing (1-1) and the shield body.

4. The caisson-type shaft excavator according to claim 2, characterized by A central passage (6) is reserved at the central position of the main drive (1) to facilitate the displacement of the grab device (5).

5. A caisson-type shaft sinking machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The digging bucket type excavation arm (3) is provided with at least one group; The single group of digging bucket type excavation arms (3) comprises a movable arm (3-1), a movable arm oil cylinder (3-2), a bucket rod (3-3), a bucket rod oil cylinder (3-4), a digging bucket oil cylinder (3-5) and a digging head (3-6); One end of the movable arm (3-1) is hingedly connected with the rotating platform (2), and the other end of the movable arm (3-1) is hingedly connected with the middle segment of the bucket rod (3-3); One end of the movable arm oil cylinder (3-2) is hingedly connected with the rotating platform (2), and the other end of the movable arm oil cylinder (3-2) is hingedly connected with the movable arm (3-1) and is used for driving the movable arm (3-1) to swing relative to the rotating platform (2); One end of the bucket rod oil cylinder (3-4) is hingedly connected with the middle segment of the movable arm (3-1), and the other end of the bucket rod oil cylinder (3-4) is hingedly connected with one end of the bucket rod (3-3) and is used for driving the bucket rod (3-3) to swing relative to the movable arm (3-1); The other end of the bucket rod (3-3) is hinged with a digging head (3-6), and a bucket oil cylinder (3-5) is arranged on the middle section of the bucket rod (3-3) close to the digging head (3-6), one end of the bucket oil cylinder (3-5) is hinged with the bucket rod (3-3), and the other end of the bucket oil cylinder (3-5) is hinged with the digging head (3-6), for driving the digging head (3-6) to swing relative to the bucket rod (3-3).

6. A caisson-type shaft sinking machine according to claim 5, characterised in that, The grab device (5) comprises a portal crane (5-1), a trolley lifting mechanism (5-2), a grab bucket (5-3) and a soil bucket (5-4); One end of the portal crane (5-1) is fixedly installed on the tunnel, the other end of the portal crane (5-1) extends away from the tunnel face in the vertical direction, and two groups of trolley lifting mechanisms (5-2) are arranged at the extending end of the portal crane (5-1) and spaced apart from each other; The grab bucket (5-3) is installed on the driving end of the single trolley lifting mechanism (5-2) for driving the grab bucket (5-3) to displace in the vertical direction into the soil bucket (5-4) for storing the spoil.

7. The caisson-type shaft excavator according to claim 5, characterized by The milling barrel type excavation arm (4) is provided with at least one group; The single group of milling barrel type excavation arms (4) comprises a milling barrel (4-1), a milling barrel base (4-2), an arm swing group (4-3), a swing oil cylinder (4-4), a slurry discharge pump (4-5) and a slurry discharge pipe (4-6); One end of the arm swing group (4-3) is hinged with the rotating table (2), and the other end of the arm swing group (4-3) is provided with the milling barrel base (4-2); The milling barrel (4-1) is installed on the milling barrel base (4-2); One end of the swing oil cylinder (4-4) is hinged with the rotating table (2), and the other end of the swing oil cylinder (4-4) is hinged with the arm swing group (4-3) for driving the arm swing group (4-3) to swing relative to the rotating table (2); One end of the slurry discharge pipe (4-6) is arranged at the milling barrel (4-1) and connected with the slurry discharge pump (4-5), and the other end of the slurry discharge pipe (4-6) extends to the ground.

8. A caisson-type shaft excavator according to any one of claims 6-7, characterized in that, It also comprises a support arm connected with the shield body, a main machine lifting unit and a shaft lifting unit; The support arm is used to support the sinking well type shaft tunneling machine during tunneling; The main machine lifting unit is used to lift the excavating type excavation arm (3) and the milling barrel type excavation arm (4); The shaft lifting unit is used to lift the segment.

9. A method of construction of a caisson type shaft tunneling machine, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparation work; The excavating type excavation arm and the milling barrel type excavation arm are installed at the same time; The sinking well type shaft tunneling machine is installed and transported to the tunnel excavation site; S2, excavation; S2.1, the main drive drives the excavating type excavation arm and the milling barrel type excavation arm to rotate to a preset excavation angle, the milling barrel type excavation arm swings excavation along the radial direction R from the center O to the edge W point, the excavating type excavation arm excavates the stratum directly below the blade foot, when a large boulder is detected below the blade foot, the large boulder is broken or cut at a fixed point by using a breaking hammer or a rock saw, and then the boulder is grabbed out of the well by using the grab bucket; S2.2, repeat step S2.1 until the entire cross section is excavated, at this time, one stroke of tunneling is completed. S3, disconnect the main drive from the segment through the support arm in the sinking shaft type shaft boring machine, and use the main machine lifting unit in the sinking shaft type shaft boring machine to lift the bucket type excavation arm and the milling barrel type excavation arm upward, so as to disconnect the bucket type excavation arm and the milling barrel type excavation arm from the excavation face; S4, splice a ring segment on the ground, release the steel strand through the shaft lifting unit, and complete the segment sinking; S5, repeat steps S2 to S5 until the final total excavation distance is completed.

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