Method and system for monitoring state of cross beam in building construction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and system for monitoring the state of a cross beam in the building construction process, and relates to the technical field of cross beam monitoring, and the system comprises an adjustment adaptation system, a data acquisition system, a communication control system and an energy supply system. The device has the advantages of long distance, large range, high precision, dense measurement and the like, is more beneficial to obtaining a large amount of overall linear monitoring data of a measured object compared with a traditional point sensor, and can obtain concrete strain distribution states of a cross beam in different hoisting stages by analyzing strain and temperature coupling data in an optical fiber; the change size and amplitude of the distance between the jumping monitoring assembly, the first light sensing piece, the reset spring and the second light sensing piece are associated with the deformation quantity, the monitoring range is large, many data can be obtained, and deformation monitoring is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of beam monitoring, and in particular to a method and system for monitoring the state of a beam during a building construction process. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure the safety of beams during house construction, it is necessary to monitor the deformation of beams. Existing deformation monitoring methods mostly use external equipment for laser positioning, target measurement and other monitoring deformation methods.

[0003] The benchmark detection points and equipment of existing monitoring equipment will be affected by the environment and undergo slight changes, which will have a certain impact on the accuracy of the data measured by the equipment and easily mislead the monitoring personnel. Manual calibration is required frequently to ensure its accuracy. At the same time, the installation process of multiple devices is easily affected by the construction technology of the installers, which can easily lead to different benchmark errors between devices, ultimately affecting the monitoring accuracy and endangering the normal construction of the beam. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring the status of beams during construction.

[0005] The present invention is implemented in this way: a method and system for monitoring the status of beams during construction of a building is constructed, the device including an adjustment and adaptation system, a data acquisition system, a communication control system and an energy supply system; the adjustment and adaptation system is used for adjustment and control of beam construction and hoisting; the data acquisition system is responsible for collecting sensor data in real time; the communication control system is used for transmitting processed data to a control terminal via wireless or wired communication; the energy supply system is used for providing the adjustment and adaptation system, the data acquisition system and the communication control system with the power and gas source required by the system, including a cable line power supply system and a pressure-stabilized gas source supply system.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment and adaptation system specifically includes a beam lifting device for lifting the beam and a lifting frame fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the lifting rope of the beam lifting device; the data acquisition system specifically includes a comprehensive monitoring component for data acquisition fixed on the side of the beam, a monitoring drone fixedly installed on the side of the beam lifting device by bolts, and a vibration monitoring component fixedly installed on the bottom side of the lifting frame by bolts; the communication control system specifically includes a control system with a control function fixedly installed on the side of the beam lifting device by bolts.

[0007] Preferably, the comprehensive monitoring component includes a protective shell fixedly installed on the side of the beam by bolts; a pulse light source and a detection circuit with a sensing function are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of the protective shell by bolts respectively; strain optical cables are fixedly installed on the sides of the pulse light source and the detection circuit; a fixing component is clamped and fixed on the outer side of the strain optical cable; a target with a detection function is fixedly arranged on the top of the fixing component; a wireless transmitter is fixedly installed on the side of the protective shell by bolts.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing assembly comprises a fixing colloid fixedly arranged on the outside of the strain optical cable; a metal fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the fixing colloid; fixing blocks are fixedly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fixing colloid, and the metal fixing ring is fixedly engaged with the side of the fixing block.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the fixed block on the upper side of the fixed colloid is plugged and fixed to the target, and a fixed keeper plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the fixed block on the lower side of the fixed colloid; a paint suction cup is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the fixed keeper plate.

[0010] Preferably, a computing module with data processing function is fixedly installed in the upper cavity inside the fixed armature plate; a detection coil is fixedly set in the lower cavity inside the fixed armature plate; a moving column is slidably set on the inner wall of the detection coil, and the bottom of the moving column is fixedly connected to the top of the paint suction cup; a power switch is fixedly installed on the side of the lower cavity inside the fixed armature plate by bolts, and the power connecting plate on the bottom side of the power switch is fixedly connected to the conductive iron wire; the conductive iron wire is adhesively fixed to the top surface of the paint suction cup.

[0011] Preferably, the vibration monitoring component includes a micro air pump with a diversion function which is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the lifting frame by bolts; a magnetic isolation cylinder is fixedly installed on the side of the micro air pump fixing seat by bolts; an arrayed magnetic plate is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the magnetic isolation cylinder; the side of the arrayed magnetic plate is in contact with the permanent magnetic sphere; the bottom of the permanent magnetic sphere is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating base ball by means of a connecting rod, and the side of the rotating base ball is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the micro air pump through a connecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a negative pressure suction cup is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating base ball, and the first photosensitive component is adsorbed and fixed on the bottom side of the negative pressure suction cup; a reset spring with a reset function is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first photosensitive component; the reset spring is fixedly set on the top of the second photosensitive component; and a ball is rollingly set at the bottom of the second photosensitive component.

[0013] Preferably, the first light-sensing element and the second light-sensing element are respectively a laser transmitter and a laser receiver.

[0014] The method for monitoring the state of beams during building construction comprises the following steps: Step 1: Preparation for the construction of the beam. First, inspect and clean the surface of the beam for defects. Then, apply a resin coating for fixing to the bottom of the paint suction cup. Then, fix it with the plug-in rod on the side of the fixing block and the fixed colloid. Under the limiting action of the metal fixing ring, fix the paint suction cup and the fixed plate to the bottom of the fixed colloid. At the same time, use the fixing block to fix the target to the top of the fixed colloid. Then, place the protective shell on both sides of the top of the beam, and connect multiple groups of pulse light sources and detection circuits in series through strain optical cables. According to the length of the beam, set multiple groups of fixed components at equal distances on the strain optical cables. Here, the paint suction cup provides monomer adsorption and fixation, and the paint suction cup can be kept vertical under the conductive action of the conductive iron wire. Step 2: Then, according to the position of the surface defect of the beam, a vibration monitoring component is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hoisting frame; during the hoisting construction process, the moving column on the surface of the beam fluctuates up and down inside the detection coil due to the vibration of the beam construction, so that the detection coil generates magnetic field cutting, and the vibration data of multiple groups of fixed yoke plates and the strain optical cables on their outer sides are detected through the change of magnetic field data. While being able to detect the vibration state of the beam during the construction process, it can also provide data of external influencing factors for the pulse light source and detection circuit detection work, and transmit the detection data to the control system through a wireless transmitter. Here, the monitoring drone and the target are controlled to perform sensing actions, and the detection data of the detection coil is combined to eliminate the vibration data of the target due to vibration during the deformation of the detection beam, thereby improving the deformation monitoring quality of the beam; Step 3: When the pulse light source propagates in the strain optical cable, the incident pulse light will be backscattered to form different backscattered lights. Then, the detection circuit detects the frequency change of the backscattered light in the strain optical cable to sense the changes in temperature and strain reflected by the strain optical cable. The frequency data of the strain optical cable in each state is directly obtained, and the strain amount is obtained by calculating and analyzing the changes in the frequency shift data. Step 4: A micro air pump is then used to provide negative pressure to the rotating base ball and the negative pressure suction cup, so that the first photosensitive component and the reset spring are adsorbed and fixed on the bottom of the rotating base ball, and the control system is used to provide electrical energy to the arranged magnetic plates inside the magnetic isolation cylinder, so that the permanent magnetic sphere and the rotating base ball rotate in the magnetic isolation cylinder due to the magnetic field factor, so that the ball at the bottom of the second photosensitive component can contact the crack on the surface of the beam, and then the light sensing detection function between the first photosensitive component and the second photosensitive component is used to detect the jumping data of the beam crack during construction and hoisting.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages: The present invention provides a method and system for monitoring the state of a beam during construction by improving the method and system, which has the following improvements compared with similar devices: The method and system for monitoring the state of the beam during the construction process of the present invention, by setting up a distributed optical fiber monitoring technology with a comprehensive monitoring component, has the advantages of long distance, large range, high precision, and intensive measurement. Compared with traditional point sensors, it is more conducive to obtaining a large amount of overall linear monitoring data of the object being measured. By analyzing the strain and temperature coupling data in the optical fiber, the concrete strain distribution state of the beam at different lifting stages can be obtained; by setting up a vibration monitoring component, the change size and amplitude of the distance between the first photosensitive element and the reset spring and the second photosensitive element are associated with the deformation amount, the monitoring range is large, and more data can be obtained, which is conducive to deformation monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the comprehensive monitoring component of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft side structure of the fixing assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed chock plate of the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vibration monitoring component of the present invention.

[0017] Among them: beam lifting equipment-1, lifting frame-2, integrated monitoring component-3, control system-4, monitoring drone-5, vibration monitoring component-6, protective shell-31, pulse light source-32, detection circuit-33, strain optical cable-34, fixing component-35, target-36, wireless transmitter-37, fixed colloid-351, metal fixing ring-352, fixing block-353, fixed yoke plate-354, paint suction cup-355, calculation module-3541, detection coil-3542, moving column-3543, power switch-3544, conductive iron wire-3545, micro air pump-61, magnetic isolation cylinder-62, arranged magnetic plate-63, permanent magnetic sphere-64, rotating base ball-65, negative pressure suction cup-66, first light sensing component-67, reset spring-68, second light sensing component-69, ball-610. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is combined with Figure 1 to Figure 6 The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following paragraphs, the present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following is an explanation of the embodiments of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0021] Embodiment 1:

[0022] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6 The method and system for monitoring the state of a beam during construction of the present invention include an adjustment and adaptation system, a data acquisition system, a communication control system, and an energy supply system.

[0023] The adjustment and adaptation system is used for the adjustment and control of the beam construction and hoisting; the data acquisition system is responsible for collecting sensor data in real time; the communication control system is used to transmit the processed data to the control terminal through wireless or wired communication; the energy supply system is used to provide the adjustment and adaptation system, data acquisition system and communication control system with the required power and gas source, including cable line power supply system and pressure-stabilized gas supply system.

[0024] The adjustment and adaptation system specifically includes a beam lifting device 1 for lifting the beam and a lifting frame 2 fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the lifting rope of the beam lifting device 1; the data acquisition system specifically includes a comprehensive monitoring component 3 for data acquisition fixed on the side of the beam, a monitoring drone 5 fixedly installed on the side of the beam lifting device 1 by bolts, and a vibration monitoring component 6 fixedly installed on the bottom side of the lifting frame 2 by bolts; the communication control system specifically includes a control system 4 with a control function fixedly installed on the side of the beam lifting device 1 by bolts.

[0025] The comprehensive monitoring component 3 includes a protective shell 31 fixedly installed on the side of the beam by bolts; a pulse light source 32 and a detection circuit 33 with a sensing function are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of the protective shell 31 by bolts respectively; strain optical cables 34 are fixedly installed on the sides of the pulse light source 32 and the detection circuit 33; a fixing component 35 is clamped and fixed on the outer side of the strain optical cable 34; a target 36 with a detection function is fixedly arranged on the top of the fixing component 35; a wireless transmitter 37 is fixedly installed on the side of the protective shell 31 by bolts.

[0026] The fixing assembly 35 includes a fixing colloid 351 fixedly arranged on the outside of the strain optical cable 34; a metal fixing ring 352 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the fixing colloid 351; fixing blocks 353 are fixedly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fixing colloid 351, and the metal fixing ring 352 is fixedly engaged with the side of the fixing block 353; the top of the fixing block 353 on the upper side of the fixing colloid 351 is plugged and fixed to the target 36, and a fixing chuck plate 354 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the fixing block 353 on the lower side of the fixing colloid 351; a paint suction cup 355 is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the fixing chuck plate 354.

[0027] A computing module 3541 with a data processing function is fixedly installed in the upper cavity inside the fixed armature plate 354; a detection coil 3542 is fixedly set in the lower cavity inside the fixed armature plate 354; a moving column 3543 is slidably set on the inner wall of the detection coil 3542, and the bottom of the moving column 3543 is fixedly connected to the top of the paint suction cup 355; a power switch 3544 is fixedly installed on the side of the lower cavity inside the fixed armature plate 354 by bolts, and the power connection plate on the bottom side of the power switch 3544 is fixedly connected to the conductive iron wire 3545; the conductive iron wire 3545 is adhesively fixed to the top surface of the paint suction cup 355.

[0028] Embodiment 2:

[0029] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6Compared with the first embodiment, the present embodiment further comprises: the vibration monitoring assembly 6 comprises a micro air pump 61 with a flow guiding function which is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the hanging frame 2 by bolts; a magnetic isolation cylinder 62 is fixedly mounted on the side of the fixing seat of the micro air pump 61 by bolts; an arrangement magnetic plate 63 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the magnetic isolation cylinder 62; the side of the arrangement magnetic plate 63 is in contact with the permanent magnetic sphere 64; the bottom of the permanent magnetic sphere 64 is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating base ball 65 by a connecting rod. The side of the rotating base ball 65 is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the micro air pump 61 through a connecting tube; a negative pressure suction cup 66 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating base ball 65, and a first light-sensitive component 67 is adsorbed and fixed on the bottom side of the negative pressure suction cup 66; a reset spring 68 with a reset function is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first light-sensitive component 67; the reset spring 68 is fixedly arranged on the top of the second light-sensitive component 69; a ball 610 is rollingly arranged at the bottom of the second light-sensitive component 69; the first light-sensitive component 67 and the second light-sensitive component 69 are a laser transmitter and a laser receiver respectively.

[0030] Based on the above-mentioned method and system for monitoring the state of beams during construction, the working principle is: First, when using this device, first place the device in the working area, and then connect the device to an external power source to provide the device with the power required for operation; Second, the staff first inspects and cleans the surface of the beam for defects; then applies a resin coating for fixing to the bottom of the paint sucker 355, and then fixes the paint sucker 355 and the fixed colloid 351 by inserting the side rod of the fixed block 353, and fixes the paint sucker 355 and the fixed chuck plate 354 to the bottom of the fixed colloid 351 under the limiting action of the metal fixed ring 352, and fixes the target 36 to the top of the fixed colloid 351 by using the fixed block 353; Third, the protective shell 31 is then placed on both sides of the top of the beam, and multiple groups of pulse light sources 32 and detection circuits 33 are connected in series through strain optical cables 34, and multiple groups of fixing components 35 are fixedly arranged on the strain optical cables 34 at equal intervals according to the length of the beam, where the paint suction cup 355 provides monomer adsorption fixation, and the paint suction cup 355 can be kept at a certain verticality under the conductive effect of the conductive iron wire 3545; then, according to the position of the defect on the surface of the beam, the vibration monitoring component 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hanging frame 2; during the hanging construction process, the moving column 3543 on the surface of the beam is vibrated by the construction of the beam, so that the moving column 3543 on the surface of the beam fluctuates up and down inside the detection coil 3542, so that The detection coil 3542 generates magnetic field cutting, and detects the vibration data of multiple groups of fixed yoke plates 354 and the strain optical cables 34 on the outside thereof through the change of magnetic field data. It can detect the vibration state of the beam during the construction process, and provide data of external influencing factors for the pulse light source 32 and the detection circuit 33 to detect the work, and transmit the detection data to the control system 4 through the wireless transmitter 37. Here, the monitoring drone 5 and the target 36 are controlled to perform sensing actions, and the detection data of the detection coil 3542 are combined to eliminate the jumping data of the target 36 due to vibration during the deformation of the detection beam, so as to improve the deformation monitoring quality of the beam; Fourth, when the pulse light source 32 propagates in the strain optical cable 34, the incident pulse light will be backscattered to form different backscattered lights, and then the detection circuit 33 detects the frequency change of the backscattered light in the strain optical cable 34 to sense the changes in temperature and strain reflected by the strain optical cable 34, and directly obtains the frequency data of the strain optical cable 34 in each state, and then calculates and analyzes the change in frequency shift data to obtain the strain amount; then the micro air pump 61 provides negative pressure action for the rotating base ball 65 and the negative pressure suction cup 66, so that the first photosensitive member 67 and other components are adsorbed and fixed on the bottom of the rotating base ball 65, and the control system 4 provides electrical energy to the arranged magnetic plate 63 inside the magnetic isolation cylinder 62, so that the permanent magnetic sphere 64 and the rotating base ball 65 rotate in the magnetic isolation cylinder 62 due to the magnetic field factor, so that the ball 610 at the bottom of the second photosensitive member 69 can contact the crack on the surface of the beam, and then the light sensing detection function between the first photosensitive member 67 and the second photosensitive member 69 is used to detect the jumping data of the beam crack during construction and hoisting.

[0031] The present invention provides a monitoring method and system for the state of a beam during construction by improving the method. By setting up the distributed optical fiber monitoring technology of the comprehensive monitoring component 3, it has the advantages of long distance, large range, high precision, and intensive measurement. Compared with the traditional point sensor, it is more conducive to obtaining a large amount of overall linear monitoring data of the object being measured. By analyzing the strain and temperature coupling data in the optical fiber, the concrete strain distribution state of the beam at different lifting stages can be obtained; by setting up the vibration monitoring component 6, the change size and amplitude of the distance between the first photosensitive element 67 and the reset spring 68 and the second photosensitive element 69 are related to the deformation amount, the monitoring range is large, and more data can be obtained, which is conducive to deformation monitoring.

[0032] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention, and the standard parts used in the present invention can be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt the conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt the conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring the state of beams during construction, characterized by: Including adjustment and adaptation system, data acquisition system, communication control system and energy supply system; The adjustment and adaptation system is used for the adjustment and control of the beam construction and hoisting; the data acquisition system is responsible for collecting sensor data in real time; the communication control system is used to transmit the processed data to the control terminal through wireless or wired communication; the energy supply system is used to provide the power and gas source required by the adjustment and adaptation system, the data acquisition system and the communication control system, including the cable line power supply system and the pressure-stabilized gas supply system; The adjustment and adaptation system specifically comprises a beam hoisting device (1) for hoisting a crossbeam and a hoisting frame (2) fixedly arranged on the bottom side of a hoisting rope of the beam hoisting device (1); The data acquisition system specifically comprises a comprehensive monitoring component (3) for data acquisition fixed on the side of the crossbeam, a monitoring drone (5) fixedly mounted on the side of the hanging beam device (1) by bolts, and a vibration monitoring component (6) fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the hanging frame (2) by bolts; The communication control system specifically comprises a control system (4) which is fixedly mounted on the side of the hanging beam device (1) by bolts and has a control function; The comprehensive monitoring component (3) comprises a protective shell (31) fixedly mounted on the side of the crossbeam by bolts; a pulse light source (32) and a detection circuit (33) having a sensing function are fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of the protective shell (31) by bolts respectively; strain optical cables (34) are fixedly mounted on the sides of the pulse light source (32) and the detection circuit (33); a fixing component (35) is clamped and fixedly mounted on the outer side of the strain optical cable (34); a target (36) having a detection function is fixedly arranged on the top of the fixing component (35); a wireless transmitter (37) is fixedly mounted on the side of the protective shell (31) by bolts; The fixing assembly (35) comprises a fixing colloid (351) fixedly arranged on the outside of the strain optical cable (34); a metal fixing ring (352) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the fixing colloid (351); fixing blocks (353) are fixedly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fixing colloid (351), and the metal fixing ring (352) is fixedly engaged with the side of the fixing block (353).

2. The system for monitoring the state of beams during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fixed block (353) on the upper side of the fixed colloid (351) is plugged and fixed to the target (36), and the bottom of the fixed block (353) on the lower side of the fixed colloid (351) is fixedly mounted with a fixed mortise plate (354); a paint suction cup (355) is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the fixed mortise plate (354).

3. The system for monitoring the state of beams during construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A computing module (3541) having a data processing function is fixedly installed in the upper cavity inside the fixed mortise plate (354); a detection coil (3542) is fixedly arranged in the lower cavity inside the fixed mortise plate (354); a moving column (3543) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the detection coil (3542), and the bottom of the moving column (3543) is fixedly connected to the top of the paint sucker (355); a power switch (3544) is fixedly installed on the side surface of the lower cavity inside the fixed mortise plate (354) by bolts, and the power connection sheet on the bottom side of the power switch (3544) is fixedly connected to the conductive iron wire (3545); the conductive iron wire (3545) is adhesively fixedly arranged on the top surface of the paint sucker (355).

4. The system for monitoring the state of beams during construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration monitoring component (6) comprises a micro air pump (61) with a diversion function, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the hanging frame (2) by bolts; a magnetic isolation cylinder (62) is fixedly mounted on the side of the fixing seat of the micro air pump (61) by bolts; an arrangement magnetic plate (63) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the magnetic isolation cylinder (62); the side of the arrangement magnetic plate (63) is in contact with the permanent magnetic sphere (64); the bottom of the permanent magnetic sphere (64) is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating base ball (65) by means of a connecting rod, and the side of the rotating base ball (65) is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the micro air pump (61) by means of a connecting pipe.

5. The system for monitoring the state of beams during construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A negative pressure suction cup (66) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating base ball (65), and a first light-sensitive component (67) is fixedly adsorbed on the bottom side of the negative pressure suction cup (66); a reset spring (68) with a reset function is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first light-sensitive component (67); the reset spring (68) is fixedly arranged on the top of the second light-sensitive component (69); and a ball (610) is rolledly arranged on the bottom of the second light-sensitive component (69).

6. The system for monitoring the state of beams during construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first light sensing element (67) and the second light sensing element (69) are respectively a laser transmitter and a laser receiver.

7. A method for monitoring the state of a beam during construction, used for implementing the system for monitoring the state of a beam during construction as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Preparation for the construction of the crossbeam, first inspect and clean the surface of the crossbeam for defects; then apply a resin coating for fixing to the bottom of the paint sucker (355), and then fix it by plugging the side plug rod of the fixing block (353) with the fixing colloid (351), and fix the paint sucker (355) and the fixing plate (354) to the bottom of the fixing colloid (351) under the limiting action of the metal fixing ring (352), and fix the target (36) to the top of the fixing colloid (351) by using the fixing block (353); then place the protective shell (31) on both sides of the top of the crossbeam, and connect multiple groups of pulse light sources (32) and detection circuits (33) in series through the strain optical cable (34), and according to the length of the crossbeam, set multiple groups of fixing components (35) on the strain optical cable (34) at equal intervals, where the paint sucker (355) provides monomer adsorption and fixation, and the paint sucker (355) can be kept vertical under the conductive action of the conductive iron wire (3545); Step 2: Then, according to the position of the defect on the surface of the beam, a vibration monitoring component (6) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hoisting frame (2); during the hoisting construction process, the moving column (3543) on the surface of the beam is vibrated by the construction of the beam, so that the detection coil (3542) generates a magnetic field cutting, and the vibration data of multiple groups of fixed yoke plates (354) and the strain optical cables (34) outside the fixed yoke plates (354) are detected by the change of magnetic field data. While being able to detect the vibration state of the beam during the construction process, it can also provide data of external influencing factors for the detection work of the pulse light source (32) and the detection circuit (33), and transmit the detection data to the control system (4) through the wireless transmitter (37). Here, the monitoring drone (5) and the target (36) are controlled to perform sensing actions, and the detection data of the detection coil (3542) are combined to eliminate the vibration data of the target (36) due to vibration during the deformation of the detection beam, thereby improving the deformation monitoring quality of the beam; Step 3: When the pulse light source (32) propagates in the strain optical cable (34), the incident pulse light will be backscattered to form different backscattered lights, and then the detection circuit (33) detects the frequency change of the backscattered light in the strain optical cable (34) to sense the changes in temperature and strain reflected by the strain optical cable (34), and directly obtains the frequency data of the strain optical cable (34) in each state, and then calculates and analyzes the change in frequency shift data to obtain the strain amount; Step 4: Then, a micro air pump (61) is used to provide negative pressure to the rotating base ball (65) and the negative pressure suction cup (66), so that the first light-sensitive member (67) and the return spring (68) are adsorbed and fixed to the bottom of the rotating base ball (65), and the control system (4) is used to provide electric energy to the arranged magnetic plate (63) inside the magnetic isolation cylinder (62), so that the permanent magnetic sphere (64) and the rotating base ball (65) rotate in the magnetic isolation cylinder (62) due to the magnetic field factor, so that the ball (610) at the bottom of the second light-sensitive member (69) can contact the crack on the surface of the beam, and then the light sensing detection function between the first light-sensitive member (67) and the second light-sensitive member (69) is used to detect the jumping data of the crack of the beam during construction and hoisting.

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