Longitudinal tensile compression test device for railway track steel rail

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tests, and particularly relates to a railway track steel rail longitudinal tensile compression test device which comprises a test bed, the top of the test bed is connected with a supporting seat through bolts, a supporting groove is formed in the top of the supporting seat, and two guide grooves are formed in each of the two sides of the top of the test bed. The inner wall of the guide groove is slidably connected with a guide block, a fixing mechanism is arranged at the top of the guide block, a stretching mechanism is arranged on one side of the top of the test bed, supporting shafts are arranged on the two sides of the stretching mechanism, and one ends of the two supporting shafts are fixedly connected with the two fixing mechanisms; and the stretching mechanism comprises a fixed seat, a double-thread screw, two moving blocks and a motor. According to the invention, the test effect of the steel rail is improved, and the influence on the test result of the steel rail due to the deviation of test data caused by the fact that only one end of the steel rail is subjected to stretching and compression treatment and the longitudinal test of the steel rail cannot be effectively carried out is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of testing, and in particular to a longitudinal tension and compression testing device for railway track rails. Background Art

[0002] Railway tracks usually consist of two parallel rails, which are installed on sleepers through a railway fastener system. Under the sleepers are ballast or ballastless track plates. Railway tracks are subject to a variety of vertical, lateral, and longitudinal static and dynamic loads. The loads are then transferred from the railway rails to the roadbed through the sleepers and the roadbed. In order to ensure the basic life of the railway track and test the mechanical properties of the railway track, it is necessary to conduct laboratory simulation tests on the railway track, analyze and study the stress and strain generated by the railway rails under various load conditions, so as to determine its bearing capacity and stability.

[0003] After searching, a Chinese patent application with application publication number CN103940673B discloses a railway track rail longitudinal tensile and compression testing machine, which belongs to the mechanical properties testing equipment of metal materials or parts, and is mainly composed of two sets of railway track longitudinal tensile and compression testing machine main machines and corresponding clamps, hydraulic pump stations, servo control valves, test force, piston displacement, rail deformation sensors, loading frames (or reaction force foundations), industrial control computer measurement and control software systems, etc. The testing machine can simultaneously clamp a certain length of double-strand or single-strand railway track rail physical specimens in all directions of high pressure through the rail head clamping jaws, rail bottom clamping jaws, and left and right rail waist clamping jaws. The main oil cylinder piston rod at one end of the computer-controlled main machine longitudinally stretches and compresses the rail through the clamp, and collects and processes the test data and test curves to simulate the stress and deformation of the railway rail under the conditions of thermal expansion and contraction. At the same time, each jaw can be replaced according to different railway rail specifications.

[0004] When conducting longitudinal tensile and compression tests on railway track rails, the rails are usually fixed on a device and tested by unidirectional tensile and compression. However, during the test, only tensile and compression treatment on one end of the rail cannot effectively test the longitudinal direction of the rail, which will cause deviations in the test data and affect the test results. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device comprises a test bench, the top of the test bench is connected to a support seat by bolts, and the top of the support seat is provided with a support groove, two guide grooves are provided on both sides of the top of the test bench, and the inner walls of the guide grooves are slidably connected with guide blocks, and the top of the guide blocks is provided with a fixing mechanism, a stretching mechanism is provided on one side of the top of the test bench, and support shafts are provided on both sides of the stretching mechanism, and one end of the two support shafts is fixedly connected to two fixing mechanisms.

[0006] Preferably, the stretching mechanism includes a fixed seat, a double-headed screw, two moving blocks and a motor, and the bottom of the fixed seat is connected to one side of the top of the test bench by bolts, and moving grooves are provided at both ends of one side of the fixed seat. The two moving grooves and the double-headed screw are rotatably connected by bearings, and the threads on both sides of the double-headed screw are in opposite directions. One side of the fixed seat is connected to the motor by bolts, and one end of the motor is fixedly connected to the double-headed screw. The two moving blocks are slidably connected to the inside of the two moving grooves, and threaded holes are provided on one side of the two moving blocks. The double-headed screw is threadedly connected to the threaded holes, and one side of the moving block is connected to the support shaft by bolts. The two moving blocks are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixed seat, and positioning openings are provided on the tops of the two moving grooves. The inner wall of the positioning opening is slidably connected with a positioning block, and the bottom of the positioning block is fixedly connected to the top of the moving block.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a support frame, a fixing frame, a clamping plate and a limit bolt, and the bottom of the support frame is connected to the guide block by bolts, one side of the support frame is fixedly connected to the support shaft, the two opposite sides of the support frame are connected to the limit plates by bolts, the bottom of the fixing frame contacts the tops of the two limit plates, the two opposite sides of the support frame are penetrated with threaded openings, the inner walls of the two threaded openings are threadedly connected with fastening bolts, one end of the fastening bolt contacts the fixing frame, and the two sides of the top of the clamping plate are connected to the fixing frame by bolts. The limit rod is made of telescopic material, the outer walls of the two limit rods are sleeved with springs, the top of the fixing frame is penetrated with a threaded through hole, the threaded through hole is threadedly connected to the limit bolt, and the bottom of the limit bolt contacts the top of the clamping plate.

[0008] Preferably, the inner walls on both sides of the fixing frame opposite to each other are connected with backing plates near the bottom by bolts, and the top of the backing plate and the bottom of the clamping plate are provided with a plurality of anti-slip teeth.

[0009] Preferably, a reinforcement mechanism is provided between the support frame and the fixing frame, and the reinforcement mechanism cooperates with the stretching mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the reinforcement mechanism includes a transmission assembly, a support plate and a top plate, and the support plate is located at the bottom of the fixed frame, the support plate and the fixed frame are slidably connected, an extrusion pad is bonded between the top plate and the support plate, the extrusion pad is made of elastic material, a plurality of ridges are arranged on the top of the top plate, and the bottom of the support plate is connected to the support frame through a transmission assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission assembly consists of a first rack, a rotating shaft, a first gear, two second gears and two second racks, and the first rack is meshed with the first gear. A notch is provided on the top of the test bench, and the notch is fixedly connected to the first rack. Two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the support frame through bearings. The first gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the two second gears are fixedly sleeved on both sides of the rotating shaft. The two second gears are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first gear. Slides are provided on both sides of the bottom of the fixed frame, and the two slides are slidably connected to the two second racks. The tops of the two second racks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, and the second rack is meshed with the second gear.

[0012] Preferably, two opposite sides of the fixing frame are provided with sliding grooves, and inner walls of the two sliding grooves are slidably connected with sliders, and the two sliders are connected to the support plate by bolts.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a stretching mechanism and a fixing mechanism. When the longitudinal direction of the railway track steel rail is stretched and compressed, the steel rail is placed inside the support groove, and the two fixing mechanisms are used to clamp and fix the two ends of the steel rail. After the fixing is completed, the stretching mechanism is started, and the motor drives the double-headed screw to rotate. Since the threads on both sides of the double-headed screw are in opposite directions, when the double-headed screw rotates, the two moving blocks will move to both sides under the action of the double-headed screw. At this time, the two fixing mechanisms will move with the movement of the moving blocks. At this time, the stretching mechanism will stretch the two ends of the steel rail. When the two moving blocks move toward each other, the two fixing mechanisms will move synchronously with the movement of the two moving blocks. At this time, the stretching mechanism will compress the two ends of the steel rail, so as to improve the test effect of the steel rail, and prevent the test data from being deviated by only stretching and compressing one end of the steel rail, and failing to effectively test the longitudinal direction of the steel rail, thereby affecting the test result of the steel rail. The present invention provides a stretching mechanism and a reinforcing mechanism. When the fixing mechanism stretches and compresses the rail under the action of the stretching mechanism, when the fixing mechanism has a poor effect on the rail and causes the fixing mechanism to slip to one side, at this time, the first gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate under the action of the first rack through meshing, and the second gear rotates synchronously with the rotation of the rotating shaft. At this time, the second gear drives the second rack to move upward through meshing, and the second rack pushes the supporting plate to move upward when moving upward, so that the top plate acts on the bottom of the rail, so as to further fix the rail and prevent the fixing mechanism and the rail from slipping due to the poor fixing effect of the fixing mechanism on the rail, thereby affecting the tensile and compression test of the rail. The setting of the reinforcing mechanism can improve the fixing effect of the rail, thereby facilitating the tensile and compression test of the rail, improving the test effect of the rail, and preventing the rail from slipping and affecting the test of the rail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stretching mechanism and a fixing mechanism of a railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stretching mechanism of a railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fixing mechanism and the reinforcement mechanism of a railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing mechanism and the reinforcement mechanism of a railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a reinforcement mechanism of a railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention provides a bottom-up structural schematic diagram of a reinforcement mechanism for a railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device.

[0015] In the attached drawings: 1. test bench; 2. support seat; 3. support frame; 4. guide groove; 5. notch; 6. stretching mechanism; 7. fixing mechanism; 8. support groove; 9. fastening bolt; 10. reinforcement mechanism; 11. fixing seat; 12. moving groove; 13. double-headed screw; 14. moving block; 15. support shaft; 16. motor; 17. positioning port; 18. positioning block; 19. fixing frame; 20. pad; 21. spring; 22. limit rod; 23. anti-skid tooth; 24. splint; 25. limit bolt; 26. first rack; 27. rotating shaft; 28. first gear; 29. ​​second gear; 30. second rack; 31. support plate; 32. slider; 33. extrusion pad; 34. top plate; 35. convex ridge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Example 1, reference Figure 1-Figure 5 A railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device comprises a test bench 1, the top of the test bench 1 is connected with a support seat 2 by bolts, and the top of the support seat 2 is provided with a support groove 8, two guide grooves 4 are provided on both sides of the top of the test bench 1, and the inner wall of the guide groove 4 is slidably connected with a guide block, and the top of the guide block is provided with a fixing mechanism 7, a stretching mechanism 6 is provided on one side of the top of the test bench 1, and support shafts 15 are provided on both sides of the stretching mechanism 6, one end of the two support shafts 15 is fixedly connected to the two fixing mechanisms 7, so as to improve the test effect of the rail and prevent the test data from being deviated due to the fact that only one end of the rail is stretched and compressed and the longitudinal direction of the rail cannot be effectively tested, thereby affecting the result of the rail test.

[0017] On the basis of the above, the stretching mechanism 6 includes a fixed seat 11, a double-headed screw 13, two moving blocks 14 and a motor 16, and the bottom of the fixed seat 11 is connected to one side of the top of the test bench 1 by bolts, and moving grooves 12 are provided at both ends of one side of the fixed seat 11. The two moving grooves 12 and the double-headed screw 13 are rotatably connected through bearings. The thread directions on both sides of the double-headed screw 13 are opposite. One side of the fixed seat 11 is connected to the motor 16 by bolts, and one end of the motor 16 is fixedly connected to the double-headed screw 13. The two moving blocks 14 are slidably connected to the inside of the two moving grooves 12. One side of the two moving blocks 14 is penetrated by threaded holes, and the double-headed screw 13 is threadedly connected to the threaded holes. One side of the moving block 14 is connected to the support shaft 15 by bolts. The two moving blocks 14 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixed seat 11. The tops of the two moving grooves 12 are penetrated by positioning holes 17, and the inner wall of the positioning hole 17 is slidably connected with a positioning block 18, and the bottom of the positioning block 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the moving block 14.

[0018] On the basis of the above, the fixing mechanism 7 includes a support frame 3, a fixed frame 19, a clamping plate 24 and a limit bolt 25, and the bottom of the support frame 3 is connected to the guide block by bolts, one side of the support frame 3 is fixedly connected to the support shaft 15, the two opposite sides of the support frame 3 are connected to the limit plates by bolts, the bottom of the fixed frame 19 is in contact with the tops of the two limit plates, the two opposite sides of the support frame 3 are penetrated with threaded openings, the inner walls of the two threaded openings are threadedly connected with fastening bolts 9, one end of the fastening bolt 9 is in contact with the fixed frame 19, and the two sides of the top of the clamping plate 24 are connected to the fixed frame 19 by bolts. The limit rod 22 is made of telescopic material, and the outer walls of the two limit rods 22 are sleeved with springs 21, the top of the fixed frame 19 is penetrated with a threaded through hole, the threaded through hole is threadedly connected to the limit bolt 25, and the bottom of the limit bolt 25 is in contact with the top of the clamping plate 24.

[0019] On the basis of the above, the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the fixing frame 19 near the bottom are both connected with pads 20 by bolts, and the top of the pads 20 and the bottom of the clamping plate 24 are both provided with a plurality of anti-slip teeth 23 .

[0020] Example 2, reference Figure 1-Figure 7 , a railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device, compared with Example 1, on the basis of Example 1, a reinforcement mechanism 10 is arranged between the support frame 3 and the fixed frame 19, and the reinforcement mechanism 10 and the tensioning mechanism 6 are matched.

[0021] On the basis of the above, the reinforcement mechanism 10 includes a transmission assembly, a support plate 31 and a top plate 34, and the support plate 31 is located at the bottom of the fixed frame 19, and the support plate 31 is slidingly connected to the fixed frame 19. An extrusion pad 33 is bonded between the top plate 34 and the support plate 31, and the extrusion pad 33 is made of elastic material. A plurality of ridges 35 are provided on the top of the top plate 34, and the bottom of the support plate 31 is connected to the support frame 3 through a transmission assembly.

[0022] On the basis of the above, the transmission assembly consists of a first rack 26, a rotating shaft 27, a first gear 28, two second gears 29 and two second racks 30, and the first rack 26 is meshed with the first gear 28. A notch 5 is provided on the top of the test bench 1, and the notch 5 is fixedly connected to the first rack 26. The two ends of the rotating shaft 27 are rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the support frame 3 through bearings. The first gear 28 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 27, and the two second gears 29 are fixedly sleeved on both sides of the rotating shaft 27. The two second gears 29 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first gear 28. Slides are provided on both sides of the bottom of the fixed frame 19, and the two slides are slidably connected to the two second racks 30. The tops of the two second racks 30 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 31, and the second racks 30 are meshed with the second gears 29.

[0023] On the basis of the above, two opposite sides of the fixing frame 19 are provided with sliding grooves, and the inner walls of the two sliding grooves are slidably connected with sliders 32, and the two sliders 32 are connected to the support plate 31 by bolts.

[0024] In summary, with the aid of the above technical solution of the present invention: when the longitudinal direction of the railway track rail is stretched and compressed, the rail is placed inside the support groove 8, and the two ends of the rail are clamped and fixed by the two fixing mechanisms 7. After the fixing is completed, the stretching mechanism 6 is started, and the motor 16 drives the double-headed screw 13 to rotate. Since the threads on both sides of the double-headed screw 13 are in opposite directions, when the double-headed screw 13 rotates, the two moving blocks 14 will move to both sides under the action of the double-headed screw 13. At this time, the two fixing mechanisms 7 will move with the movement of the moving blocks 14. At this time, the stretching mechanism 6 will stretch the two ends of the rail. When the two moving blocks 14 move toward each other, the two fixing mechanisms 7 will move synchronously with the movement of the two moving blocks 14. At this time, the stretching mechanism 6 will compress the two ends of the rail, so as to improve the test effect of the rail, and prevent the test data from being inaccurate due to the fact that only one end of the rail is stretched and compressed and the longitudinal direction of the rail cannot be effectively tested. Deviation, thereby affecting the result of the rail test, when the fixing mechanism 7 performs tension and compression treatment on the rail under the action of the tension mechanism 6, when the fixing mechanism 7 has a poor effect on the rail and causes the fixing mechanism 7 to slip to one side, at this time, the first gear 28 drives the rotating shaft 27 to rotate under the action of the first rack 26 through meshing, and the second gear 29 will rotate synchronously with the rotation of the rotating shaft 27. At this time, the second gear 29 drives the second rack 30 to move upward through meshing, and the second rack 30 will push the supporting plate 31 to move upward when moving upward, so that the top plate 34 acts on the bottom of the rail, so as to further fix the rail, prevent the fixing mechanism 7 and the rail from slipping due to the poor fixing effect of the fixing mechanism 7 on the rail, thereby affecting the tension and compression test of the rail, and the setting of the reinforcement mechanism 10 can improve the fixing effect of the rail, so as to facilitate the tension and compression test of the rail, improve the test effect of the rail, and prevent the rail from slipping and affecting the test of the rail.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device, comprising a test bench (1), characterized in that: The top of the test bench (1) is connected to a support seat (2) by bolts, and a support groove (8) is provided on the top of the support seat (2). Two guide grooves (4) are provided on both sides of the top of the test bench (1), and guide blocks are slidably connected to the inner walls of the guide grooves (4), and a fixing mechanism (7) is provided on the top of the guide blocks. A stretching mechanism (6) is provided on one side of the top of the test bench (1), and support shafts (15) are provided on both sides of the stretching mechanism (6), and one end of the two support shafts (15) is fixedly connected to the two fixing mechanisms (7).

2. A railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stretching mechanism (6) comprises a fixed seat (11), a double-headed screw (13), two moving blocks (14) and a motor (16), wherein the bottom of the fixed seat (11) is connected to one side of the top of the test bench (1) by bolts, moving grooves (12) are provided at both ends of one side of the fixed seat (11), the two moving grooves (12) and the double-headed screw (13) are rotatably connected by bearings, the threads on both sides of the double-headed screw (13) are in opposite directions, one side of the fixed seat (11) is connected to the motor (16) by bolts, and one end of the motor (16) is fixed to the double-headed screw (13). The two moving blocks (14) are slidably connected inside the two moving grooves (12), one side of the two moving blocks (14) is penetrated with a threaded hole, the double-headed screw (13) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, one side of the moving block (14) is connected to the support shaft (15) by a bolt, the two moving blocks (14) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixed seat (11), the top of the two moving grooves (12) is penetrated with a positioning hole (17), the inner wall of the positioning hole (17) is slidably connected with a positioning block (18), and the bottom of the positioning block (18) is fixedly connected to the top of the moving block (14).

3. The railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (7) comprises a support frame (3), a fixing frame (19), a clamping plate (24) and a limit bolt (25), wherein the bottom of the support frame (3) is connected to the guide block by bolts, one side of the support frame (3) is fixedly connected to the support shaft (15), two opposite sides of the support frame (3) are connected to the limit plates by bolts, the bottom of the fixing frame (19) contacts the tops of the two limit plates, and the two opposite sides of the support frame (3) are penetrated by threaded openings, and the inner walls of the two threaded openings are threaded. A fastening bolt (9) is connected with the thread, one end of the fastening bolt (9) contacts the fixing frame (19), and limit rods (22) are connected between the two sides of the top of the clamping plate (24) and the fixing frame (19) by bolts. The limit rods (22) are made of telescopic material, and the outer walls of the two limit rods (22) are sleeved with springs (21). A threaded through hole is opened through the top of the fixing frame (19), and the threaded through hole is threadedly connected to the limit bolt (25), and the bottom of the limit bolt (25) contacts the top of the clamping plate (24).

4. A railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two opposite sides of the fixing frame (19) are both connected to backing plates (20) by bolts at positions close to the bottom, and the top of the backing plate (20) and the bottom of the clamping plate (24) are both provided with a plurality of anti-slip teeth (23).

5. A railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A reinforcement mechanism (10) is provided between the support frame (3) and the fixed frame (19), and the reinforcement mechanism (10) cooperates with the stretching mechanism (6).

6. A railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reinforcement mechanism (10) comprises a transmission assembly, a support plate (31) and a top plate (34), wherein the support plate (31) is located at the bottom of the fixed frame (19), the support plate (31) and the fixed frame (19) are slidably connected, a compression pad (33) is bonded between the top plate (34) and the support plate (31), the compression pad (33) is made of elastic material, a plurality of ridges (35) are arranged on the top of the top plate (34), and the bottom of the support plate (31) is connected to the support frame (3) via the transmission assembly.

7. A railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly is composed of a first rack (26), a rotating shaft (27), a first gear (28), two second gears (29) and two second racks (30), and the first rack (26) is meshed with the first gear (28). A notch (5) is provided on the top of the test bench (1), and the notch (5) is fixedly connected to the first rack (26). Two ends of the rotating shaft (27) and two opposite sides of the support frame (3) are rotatably connected through bearings. The first gear (28) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (27), and the two second gears (29) are fixedly sleeved on both sides of the rotating shaft (27). The two second gears (29) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first gear (28). Slides are provided on both sides of the bottom of the fixed frame (19), and the two slides are slidably connected to the two second racks (30). The tops of the two second racks (30) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (31), and the second racks (30) are meshed with the second gears (29).

8. The railway track rail longitudinal tension and compression test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing frame (19) is provided with sliding grooves on two opposite sides, and the inner walls of the two sliding grooves are slidably connected with sliders (32), and the two sliders (32) are connected to the support plate (31) by bolts.

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