Matching Method and System for Construction Formwork of Railway Bridges

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and a system for matching construction templates of railway bridges. The present invention relates to the technical field of construction template matching. The theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge, ensuring the accuracy of the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge. Therefore, the next construction node is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge. Based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, the final form of the construction template is output, further accurately controlling the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, realizing the accurate control of the final form of the construction template, and ensuring the high matching degree between the construction template and the railway bridge under construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction formwork matching, and particularly relates to a method and a system for matching construction formwork of railway bridges. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, construction formwork has been gradually applied to people's lives and serves as the supporting part of railway bridges. Construction formwork is mainly used in the concrete pouring process to provide a fixed shape and size for the concrete to ensure the accuracy and stability of the final construction formwork.

[0003] During the construction of railway bridges, multiple support nodes of the railway bridges are collected, and the corresponding supporting parts are inferred based on the multiple support nodes of the railway bridges, so as to deduce the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridges through the supporting parts. However, relying solely on the single dimension of the multiple support nodes of the railway bridges for inference affects the accuracy of the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and the present invention provides a method and a system for matching construction formwork of railway bridges.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for matching construction formwork of railway bridges, including: determining multiple images of a railway bridge under construction at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by a drone; determining a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction according to the multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction; determining the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; determining the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge; determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction formwork based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a system for matching construction formwork of railway bridges. The system for matching construction formwork of railway bridges is applied to the method for matching construction formwork of railway bridges described above. The system for matching construction formwork of railway bridges includes:

[0007] An image module, configured to determine multiple images of a railway bridge under construction at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by a drone;

[0008] A three-dimensional module for determining a three-dimensional model of a railway bridge under construction based on multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction;

[0009] A node module for determining the current construction progress nodes and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction;

[0010] A theoretical form module for determining the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge based on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge;

[0011] A final form module for determining the next construction node based on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] In the embodiments of the present invention, through the method in the embodiments of the present invention, multiple images at different positions of the railway bridge under construction are determined based on the circumferential detection of the railway bridge under construction by a drone; a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is determined based on the multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction; the current construction progress nodes and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge are determined based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is determined based on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge, realizing multiple interactions among the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge, and ensuring the accuracy of the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0014] Therefore, the next construction node is determined based on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and the final form of the construction template is output based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, further accurately controlling the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, and taking into account the overall consideration of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, realizing the accurate control of the final form of the construction template and ensuring the high matching of the construction template and the railway bridge under construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a method for matching a construction template of a railway bridge in an embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of the matching method for the construction formwork of railway bridges in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the matching system for the construction formwork of railway bridges in an embodiment of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1:

[0020] The matching method for the construction formwork of railway bridges provided in this application is applied to the application environment as shown in Figure 1 . Among them, the computer 102 communicates with the server 104 through the network. Among them, the terminal 102 is not limited to various personal computers, servers, and construction formwork matching systems, and the server 104 is implemented by an independent server or a server cluster composed of servers.

[0021] Embodiment 2:

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , a matching method for the construction formwork of railway bridges, which is applied to the matching scenario of the construction formwork of railway bridges; the matching method for the construction formwork of railway bridges includes:

[0023] Step S11: Determine multiple images of the under-construction railway bridge at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the under-construction railway bridge by the unmanned aerial vehicle;

[0024] Step S12: Determine the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge according to the multiple images and the target shape of the under-construction railway bridge;

[0025] Step S13: Determine the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge;

[0026] Step S14: Determine the theoretical shape of the construction formwork of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target shape of the railway bridge;

[0027] Step S15: Determine the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and output the final shape of the construction formwork based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical shape of the construction formwork of the railway bridge;

[0028] In step S11, multiple images of the under-construction railway bridge at different positions are determined based on the circumferential detection of the under-construction railway bridge by the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).

[0029] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:

[0030] S111: Collect the location of the under-construction railway bridge.

[0031] S112: Determine the detection route of the UAV relative to the under-construction railway bridge according to the location of the under-construction railway bridge, the surrounding environment of the location of the under-construction railway bridge, and the current position of the UAV.

[0032] S113: The UAV flies along the detection route, and autonomously adjusts the attitude of the camera according to the direction of the UAV relative to the under-construction railway bridge, the position of the camera configured on the UAV, and the shooting direction.

[0033] S114: The camera performs circumferential detection relative to the under-construction railway bridge as the UAV flies, and takes pictures at different positions of the under-construction railway bridge to collect multiple images of the under-construction railway bridge at different positions.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, collecting the location of the under-construction railway bridge; determining the detection route of the UAV relative to the under-construction railway bridge according to the location of the under-construction railway bridge, the surrounding environment of the location of the under-construction railway bridge, and the current position of the UAV, takes into account the overall consideration of the location of the under-construction railway bridge, the surrounding environment of the location of the under-construction railway bridge, and the current position of the UAV, and realizes the accurate control of the detection route of the UAV relative to the under-construction railway bridge.

[0035] At this time, collecting the location of the under-construction railway bridge, introducing the location of the under-construction railway bridge, usually using GPS coordinates, which helps the UAV navigation system accurately find the bridge location and serves as the basis for planning the detection route of the UAV relative to the under-construction railway bridge.

[0036] Regarding the surrounding environment of the location of the under-construction railway bridge, the surrounding environment includes factors affecting the flight of the UAV such as terrain, buildings, other infrastructure (such as high-voltage lines), vegetation, etc.; understanding these factors is crucial for planning a safe flight route; for example, if there are tall buildings or trees near the bridge, the UAV needs to bypass or maintain a sufficient height to avoid collisions.

[0037] The starting position of the drone is another important consideration when planning the flight route; the drone needs to take off from the current position and reach the bridge position according to the planned route; the selection of the starting position should take into account the safety of takeoff and landing, as well as the optimization of flight distance and time.

[0038] Therefore, based on the above information, plan the detection route of the drone relative to the railway bridge under construction; the detection route of the drone relative to the railway bridge under construction should be as direct and safe as possible, taking into account shooting requirements (such as angles, lighting, etc.); the detection route of the drone relative to the railway bridge under construction should include necessary ascending, translating, and descending movements to ensure that the drone can approach the bridge smoothly, take pictures, and return safely.

[0039] Specifically, assume that the railway bridge under construction is located in an open field, the total length of the bridge is 1000 meters, spanning a wide river; the north end of the bridge is close to a small mountain, and the south end is a flat farmland; the drone is currently located on an empty land about 500 meters away from the north end of the bridge.

[0040] Use GPS coordinates to determine the exact positions of the north and south ends of the bridge; note that the north end of the bridge is close to the small mountain, with obstacles such as trees and rocks; the south end is flat farmland without obstacles; the river is of moderate width, but the water surface reflection affects the image quality; select the empty land where the drone is currently located as the takeoff point, which is far from obstacles and has enough space for takeoff and landing.

[0041] After taking off from the takeoff point, the drone first flies a short distance north to avoid obstacles near the small mountain; then, the drone turns south and flies along the axis of the bridge, maintaining an appropriate height to avoid trees and high-voltage lines; when approaching the south end of the bridge, the drone starts to descend to take pictures of the detailed parts of the bridge at a lower height; after taking pictures, the drone continues to fly south for a certain distance, then turns north and returns to the takeoff point along the original route.

[0042] Furthermore, the drone flies along this detection route, and autonomously adjusts the attitude of the camera according to the direction of the drone relative to the railway bridge under construction, the position of the camera configured on the drone, and the shooting direction, so as to ensure the shooting of different positions of the railway bridge under construction by the camera, realizing the autonomous adjustment of the attitude of the camera.

[0043] At this time, the drone flies according to the pre-planned detection route, which takes into account the position of the bridge, the surrounding environment, and the takeoff and landing points of the drone; during the flight, the drone will adjust its position and attitude in real time according to the built-in navigation system and sensors (such as GPS, gyroscope, accelerometer, etc.) to ensure flying along the correct route.

[0044] The drone needs to know its orientation relative to the bridge in order to adjust the shooting angle of the camera, which is usually achieved through the drone's attitude sensors and navigation system; for example, if the drone is flying directly towards the bridge, the camera needs to point straight ahead of the bridge; if the drone approaches the bridge from the side, the camera needs to adjust its angle to capture a side view of the bridge.

[0045] The position of the camera (relative to the drone's fuselage) is fixed, but the camera itself rotates around its mounting point to adjust the shooting angle; the drone's design usually allows the camera to make a certain degree of adjustment in two directions: pitch (up and down rotation) and yaw (left and right rotation); according to the drone's flight route and orientation relative to the bridge, the drone's control system triggers the camera's autonomous adjustment mechanism, and this adjustment involves the pitch and yaw adjustments of the camera to ensure that the camera always points to the key parts of the bridge, such as the bridge deck, piers, support structures, etc.; the adjustment mechanism is based on preset shooting parameters (such as angle, focal length, exposure time, etc.) and is also dynamically adjusted according to real-time image analysis.

[0046] Specifically, assume that the drone is conducting a circumferential detection of a railway bridge under construction. The bridge spans a river, and the drone takes off from one end of the bridge and flies along the upstream direction of the river; the drone flies along the upstream direction of the river according to the preset detection route and gradually approaches the bridge; when the drone approaches the bridge, its navigation system detects that the drone is flying directly towards the side of the bridge; the camera is installed below the drone and initially points to the ground.

[0047] To capture a side view of the bridge, the drone's control system triggers the camera's autonomous adjustment mechanism; the camera begins to rotate around its mounting point, first making a pitch adjustment to raise the lens to the height of the bridge; then making a yaw adjustment to align the lens with the side of the bridge; during the flight, as the relative position between the drone and the bridge changes, the control system will adjust the camera's attitude in real time to ensure that the key parts of the bridge are captured.

[0048] Therefore, the camera conducts a circumferential detection relative to the railway bridge under construction as the drone flies, and takes pictures at different positions of the railway bridge under construction to collect multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions, introducing multiple images of the railway bridge under construction at different positions and covering all positions of the railway bridge under construction.

[0049] At this time, the drone flies according to the preset detection route, and the camera acts as the drone's eyes, capturing images of the surrounding environment in real time; during the flight, the drone's flight control system ensures a stable flight to reduce image jitter and blur.

[0050] Circular detection means that the UAV flies around the bridge to obtain image data of all aspects of the bridge. This usually involves actions such as the UAV ascending, translating, descending, and rotating to cover the superstructure, bridge deck, bridge piers, and support structures of the bridge. At the same time, the camera takes pictures at appropriate positions according to the flight trajectory of the UAV and the structural characteristics of the bridge, including key positions such as the starting point, ending point, turning point, and key support points of the bridge, as well as the overall contour and detailed parts of the bridge. During the flight, the camera continuously or intermittently takes pictures of the bridge to form a series of continuous image datasets, which will be used for subsequent 3D modeling, structural analysis, and construction template matching, etc.

[0051] Specifically, assume that a railway bridge under construction is a large arch bridge. The UAV takes off from one end of the bridge and starts circular detection of it. The UAV takes off from one end of the bridge, and the camera starts to capture surrounding images. During the flight, the UAV maintains stable flight to reduce image jitter. After flying a certain distance along the axis of the bridge, the UAV starts to fly circularly around the bridge. During the flight, the UAV gradually ascends to capture the overall contour of the bridge. When the UAV flies above the bridge, it starts to gradually descend and fly along the other side of the bridge to capture the view of the other side of the bridge.

[0052] During the circular detection process, the camera takes pictures at key positions of the bridge, such as the crown of the arch, the springing of the arch, the bridge deck, and the bridge piers. During the circular flight process, the camera takes pictures at key positions of the bridge, such as the crown of the arch, the springing of the arch, the bridge deck, and the bridge piers. During the entire flight process, the camera continuously takes multiple images of the bridge at different positions, and these images form an all-round view of the bridge, providing rich data support for subsequent 3D modeling and construction template matching.

[0053] In step S12, determine the solid model of the railway bridge under construction according to multiple images and the target shape of the railway bridge under construction.

[0054] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:

[0055] S121: Collect the bridge number of the railway bridge under construction.

[0056] S122: Determine the target shape of the railway bridge under construction according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database.

[0057] S123: Match multiple images with the target shape of the railway bridge under construction.

[0058] S124: Determine multiple solid features based on the matching of multiple images and the target shape of the railway bridge under construction.

[0059] S125: Determine the solid model of the railway bridge under construction based on the synthesis of multiple solid features;

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, collect the bridge number of the railway bridge under construction; determine the target form of the railway bridge under construction according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database, taking into account the overall consideration of the bridge number and the railway bridge database, and ensuring the accuracy of the target form of the railway bridge under construction.

[0061] At this time, collect the bridge number of the railway bridge under construction. This bridge number is the unique identifier of the bridge and is used to retrieve relevant information in the subsequent steps; at the same time, access the railway bridge database. The railway bridge database is a system that stores a large amount of railway bridge design information, including design drawings, structural analysis, material specifications, construction instructions, etc. Optionally, specific permissions or authentication are required to access this database; once the access permission is obtained, start searching for information related to the bridge number.

[0062] In the database, use the bridge number as the keyword for searching. This usually involves entering the bridge number in the search bar of the database and triggering the search function; the database system will search for matching records in the stored data according to the entered number; once a record matching the bridge number is found, retrieve the target form information related to the bridge, including the 3D model, design drawings, structural details, etc. The target form information should describe in detail the final design state of the bridge, including its dimensions, shape, structural type, material usage, etc.

[0063] Specifically, assume that there is a railway bridge under construction with a bridge number of "GJ-001"; through on-site investigation or construction documents, it is known that the bridge number of this bridge is "GJ-001"; log in to the railway bridge database system, which stores the design information of all railway bridges; in the search bar of the database, enter the bridge number "GJ-001" and trigger the search function.

[0064] The railway bridge database system returns a record matching "GJ-001"; retrieve the target form information of this bridge from it, including its 3D model, design drawings, and structural details. These information show that the bridge is a prestressed concrete continuous beam bridge with specific spans and heights, as well as detailed reinforcement and prestressing tendon arrangements; compare the retrieved target form information with the on-site construction situation and confirm the accuracy of the information; in addition, communicate with the design team to ensure that the understanding of the bridge design is correct.

[0065] Furthermore, match multiple images with the target form of the railway bridge under construction; determine multiple three-dimensional features based on the matching of multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction, achieving the matching of multiple images and the target form of the railway bridge under construction and ensuring the accuracy of multiple three-dimensional features.

[0066] At this time, before matching, first preprocess the multiple images collected by the drone, which includes removing noise in the images, enhancing the contrast of the images, adjusting the brightness of the images, etc., to improve the quality of the images; use computer vision technology to extract key features from the preprocessed images, and these features are the edges, corners, textures, etc. of the bridge, which can represent important information in the images.

[0067] Match the extracted features with the target form of the railway bridge under construction; the target form is usually extracted from the design drawings or 3D models and includes the size, shape, structure, etc. of the bridge; the matching process involves the correspondence of feature points, the comparison of shape similarities, etc.; in order to improve the accuracy of the matching, some optimization steps are required; for example, use an iterative algorithm to fine-tune the matching parameters, or use additional information (such as GPS coordinates, sensor data) to assist the matching.

[0068] At the same time, in order to improve the accuracy of the matching, some optimization steps are required; for example, use an iterative algorithm to fine-tune the matching parameters, or use additional information (such as GPS coordinates, sensor data) to assist the matching; fuse the three-dimensional features extracted from different images to form a complete set of bridge three-dimensional features, and this process involves the merging of feature points, the splicing of shapes, etc.; verify the fused three-dimensional features to ensure their accuracy and consistency, and this is completed by comparing the relative positions, sizes, etc. of the features.

[0069] Specifically, assume that there is a railway bridge under construction, and its target form is extracted from the design drawings; the drone has collected multiple images of the bridge, and now it is necessary to match these images with the target form.

[0070] Remove the noise points in the images, enhance the contrast of the bridge part to make the edges of the bridge clearer; extract features such as the edges and corners of the bridge from the images, and these features can represent the shape and structure of the bridge; match the extracted features with the bridge form in the design drawings to find the corresponding relationship between the feature points; make the matching result more accurate by fine-tuning the matching parameters; for example, adjust the matching threshold of the feature points, or use GPS coordinates to correct the position error in the images.

[0071] After the image has been matched with the target form, multiple three-dimensional features need to be determined next; three-dimensional features such as the outline of the bridge, the position of the support structure, and the height of the bridge deck are identified from the matching results; optionally, these features can reflect the actual form of the bridge in three-dimensional space; the three-dimensional features extracted from different images are fused to form a complete three-dimensional model of the bridge; for example, the outlines of the bridge in multiple images are stitched together to form a continuous outline line of the bridge; the fused three-dimensional features are verified to ensure that their relative positions and dimensions are consistent; for example, check whether the support structure of the bridge is in the correct position and whether the height of the bridge deck meets the design requirements.

[0072] Therefore, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is determined based on the synthesis of multiple three-dimensional features, realizing the synthesis of multiple three-dimensional features and improving the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, so as to facilitate the dynamic management and control of the railway bridge under construction.

[0073] At this time, all the three-dimensional features extracted from the images and verified are integrated. These features include the outline line of the bridge, the position of the support structure, the height of the bridge deck, and other key structural details; the integration process needs to ensure that the spatial relationships between the features are consistent, avoiding position offsets or size mismatches.

[0074] Using the integrated three-dimensional features, a preliminary model of the bridge is constructed in three-dimensional space, and a three-dimensional shape is generated according to the geometric information (such as points, lines, and surfaces) of the features; during the construction process, special attention needs to be paid to the structural integrity and geometric accuracy of the bridge to ensure that the model can truly reflect the actual form of the bridge.

[0075] The preliminary constructed three-dimensional model is optimized to improve its accuracy and usability, which includes smoothing the surface of the model, adjusting the transitions between features, repairing any geometric errors, etc.; the optimization process also involves enhancing the details of the model, such as adding texture and material information, to improve the visual effect and practicality of the model; after the model construction and optimization are completed, verification and correction work need to be carried out, which is completed by comparing with the actual construction situation and using other reliable data sources for verification; if any deviations or errors are found in the model, they should be corrected in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the model; after verification and correction, the final three-dimensional model of the railway bridge is determined, and this model will be used for subsequent construction monitoring, structural analysis, decision support, etc.

[0076] Specifically, assume that multiple three-dimensional features have been extracted and verified from the images collected by the drone, including the outline line of the bridge, the position of the support structure, and the height of the bridge deck, etc.; now, a three-dimensional model of the railway bridge will be constructed based on these features.

[0077] Integrate all the extracted features to ensure that the spatial relationships among them remain consistent; for example, match the contour line of the bridge and the position information of the support structure to ensure that the support structure is in the correct position; use 3D modeling software to construct a preliminary model of the bridge based on the integrated feature information; in the software, use point cloud data to generate the contour line of the bridge, and then add the support structure according to the position information of the support structure; at the same time, generate the bridge deck part according to the height information of the bridge deck; optimize the preliminarily constructed model; for example, use a smoothing algorithm to smooth the surface of the model to make it look more natural; also adjust the transition part between the support structure and the bridge deck to ensure that the connection between them is smooth and continuous.

[0078] In addition, add texture and material information to the model to improve its visual effect; compare the optimized model with the actual construction situation to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the model; if any deviations or errors are found in the model (such as inaccurate position of the support structure, inconsistent height of the bridge deck with the actual situation, etc.), they should be corrected in a timely manner, which requires going back to the steps of image extraction and feature recognition to recheck and adjust the relevant parameters; after verification and correction, the final 3D model of the railway bridge is determined, and this model accurately reflects the actual shape and structural characteristics of the bridge and is used for subsequent construction monitoring, structural analysis, decision-making support, etc.; for example, use the model to simulate the deformation of the bridge under different load conditions to evaluate its structural safety; also compare the model with the construction plan to ensure that the construction progress and quality meet the expected requirements.

[0079] In step S13, determine the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the 3D model of the under-construction railway bridge.

[0080] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:

[0081] S131: Obtain the 3D model of the under-construction railway bridge.

[0082] S132: Detect the 3D model of the under-construction railway bridge and collect multiple 3D regions during the detection process.

[0083] S133: Determine the central nodes of the multiple 3D regions according to the regional shape, regional area, and relative position of the multiple 3D regions.

[0084] S134: Determine the current construction progress node of the railway bridge based on the spatial positions of the central nodes of the multiple 3D regions, multiple images of the under-construction railway bridge, and the progress information of the under-construction railway bridge.

[0085] S135: Determine the support body in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction according to the traversal of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction;

[0086] S136: Construct a support area based on the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional areas and the support body in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and form multiple support nodes based on the division of the support area;

[0087] In the embodiments of the present application, obtain the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; detect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and collect multiple three-dimensional areas during the detection process, and introduce multiple three-dimensional areas to facilitate the control of the multiple three-dimensional areas.

[0088] At this time, obtain the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and import the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction into a dedicated detection software, which usually has the ability to process three-dimensional models and can perform complex geometric analysis and structural detection; after importing the model, perform necessary preprocessing work, such as adjusting the display settings of the model, confirming the integrity of the model, etc., to ensure the smooth progress of the detection process.

[0089] According to the design requirements, construction specifications and safety standards of the bridge, define the specific content and parameters of the detection, which include multiple aspects such as the dimensional accuracy, structural integrity, and material quality of the bridge; set the thresholds and tolerances of the detection to accurately identify areas that do not meet the standards or have potential risks during the detection process; use the automated detection function of the software to comprehensively scan and analyze the model, which involves complex algorithms and calculations to identify abnormal areas or potential problems in the model; on the basis of automated detection, perform manual verification, which usually involves a careful review of key areas or suspected problems to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the detection.

[0090] During the detection process, according to the identified abnormal areas or key structural features, collect multiple three-dimensional areas, which are the support structures, connection parts, key nodes, etc. of the bridge; the collection process involves steps such as defining the boundaries of the areas, extracting the geometric information of the areas, and recording the positions and attributes of the areas; record the information of the collected three-dimensional areas, including the geometric features, positional relationships, potential problems, etc. of the areas, and this information will be used for subsequent structural analysis and decision support; conduct in-depth analysis of the collected areas to evaluate their impact on the overall structure of the bridge and the repair or improvement measures to be taken.

[0091] Specifically, assume there is a railway bridge under construction, and its three-dimensional model has been built and imported into the detection software. Now, this model will be detected, and multiple three-dimensional areas will be collected during the detection process. The bridge model is imported into the software, and the display settings are adjusted to ensure that the model can clearly show the structural features of the bridge. According to the design requirements and construction specifications of the bridge, the detection parameters and thresholds are defined. For example, it is set that the dimensional accuracy error of the bridge shall not exceed 5 millimeters, and the structural integrity must reach more than 98%.

[0092] Use the automated detection function of the software to scan the model and identify potential abnormal areas. Then, manually verify these areas and carefully check their structural features and potential problems. During the detection process, it is found that there is a dimensional deviation in a certain support structure of the bridge, and there are welding defects in the connection part. Therefore, the area of this support structure and its surrounding areas are collected as a three-dimensional area. At the same time, other key structural features of the bridge, such as the main beam and arch support, are also collected as additional three-dimensional areas for analysis. The information of the collected three-dimensional areas is recorded and analyzed in depth. It is found that although the dimensional deviation of the support structure is not large, it has an impact on the overall stability of the bridge. Therefore, it is decided to take repair measures, adjust the size of the support structure, and strengthen the welding quality of the connection part. At the same time, other key structural features are also carefully checked to ensure the overall structural safety of the bridge.

[0093] Furthermore, the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional areas are determined based on the area shape, area, and relative position of multiple three-dimensional areas, taking into account the overall situation of the area shape, area, and relative position of multiple three-dimensional areas, ensuring the accuracy of the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional areas.

[0094] At this time, a detailed analysis of the shape of each three-dimensional area is carried out. The shapes include regular shapes (such as rectangles and circles) and irregular shapes. For regular shapes, the geometric center is directly calculated. For irregular shapes, more complex algorithms are needed to estimate the center position. Then, the area of each three-dimensional area is calculated. The area information is important for determining the central node because it helps to understand the size and scale of the area, thus more accurately locating the central node. For regular shapes, the area calculation is relatively simple. For irregular shapes, numerical integration or approximation methods are needed.

[0095] When determining the central nodes, it is also necessary to consider the relative positional relationships between the three-dimensional regions, which include the distances, directions between the regions, and their layouts within the entire bridge structure. This information helps to more comprehensively understand the roles and importance of each region in the bridge. Based on the above analysis, appropriate algorithms or methods are used to determine the central nodes of each three-dimensional region. For regular shapes, the geometric center is directly calculated. For irregular shapes, methods such as the centroid algorithm and weighted average position are needed to estimate the central nodes. Finally, the determined central nodes are verified and adjusted, which includes checking whether the node positions are reasonable and whether they conform to the actual situation of the bridge structure.

[0096] Specifically, assume that an analysis is being carried out on the three-dimensional model of a railway bridge under construction, and several key three-dimensional regions have been determined. Now, the central nodes of these regions will be determined based on their shapes, areas, and relative positions.

[0097] It is found that one of the regions is a support structure region approximately in the shape of a rectangle. For this region, the geometric center is directly calculated as the central node. Using measurement tools or software functions, the area of this rectangular region is calculated to be approximately 10 square meters. This information will be used for subsequent central node positioning. Note that this rectangular region is located on one side of the bridge and has certain distance and direction relationships with several other key regions (such as the main beam and arch support). This information will help to more accurately locate the central node. Based on the shape and area information of the rectangular region, the geometric center algorithm is used to calculate the position of its central node, which is located at the center point of the rectangle and is consistent with the overall structure layout of the bridge. The determined central node is verified to ensure that it is located at the center of the rectangular region and maintains reasonable distance and direction relationships with other key structural features of the bridge. After verification, it is found that the position of the central node is reasonable and conforms to the actual situation of the bridge structure.

[0098] Furthermore, based on the spatial positions of the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions, multiple images of the railway bridge under construction, and the progress information of the railway bridge under construction, the current construction progress node of the railway bridge is determined, achieving multi-dimensional control of the current construction progress node of the railway bridge.

[0099] At this time, integrate the spatial positions of the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions determined in the previous steps. These nodes have clear coordinates in the three-dimensional space and jointly form a key point network of the bridge structure; analyze multiple images of the railway bridge under construction, which are from drone aerial photography, on-site monitoring cameras or construction record photos; obtain important clues about the construction progress by analyzing details in the images, such as material stacking, equipment arrangement, personnel activities, and the completed structural parts; combine the image analysis results with the progress information of the railway bridge under construction; the progress information includes construction plans, completed engineering quantities, remaining construction periods, etc., and these information helps to more accurately understand the current construction stage and the next construction plan.

[0100] Based on the spatial positions of the central nodes, image information and progress information, conduct a comprehensive assessment; identify any delays or ahead-of-schedule situations by comparing the differences between the actual construction progress and the planned progress; at the same time, analyze whether the current construction status meets the safety and stability requirements of the bridge structure; finally, determine the current construction progress node of the railway bridge according to the results of the comprehensive assessment. This node is a specific construction stage (such as the completion of the foundation construction, the start of the erection of the main structure, etc.) and also a more fine-grained construction step (such as the completion of the concrete pouring in a specific area).

[0101] Specifically, assume that a construction progress analysis is being carried out on a railway bridge under construction, and the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions have been determined; at the same time, multiple images and progress information during the bridge construction process have also been collected.

[0102] First, integrate the spatial positions of the central nodes of each three-dimensional region to form a clear three-dimensional network diagram. These nodes represent the key support points and connection parts of the bridge structure; then, analyze the images of the bridge construction site taken by drones; from the images, it can be seen that concrete pouring has been completed in some parts of the bridge, while steel bar binding and formwork installation are being carried out in other parts; in addition, it is also noted that there is a large amount of materials and equipment piled up at the construction site, indicating that the construction activities are in full swing.

[0103] The image analysis results were compared with the construction plan; according to the plan, the foundation construction of the bridge should have been completed several months ago, and the erection work of the main structure should have started during the current period; by comparing the differences between the actual construction progress and the planned progress, it was found that the foundation construction of the bridge had been completed on time, but the erection work of the main structure was slightly delayed; after comprehensively evaluating the spatial position, image information, and progress information of the central node, it was considered that although the current construction progress was slightly delayed, it was still within the controllable range; the structural safety and stability of the bridge were guaranteed, and the construction team was actively taking measures to speed up the progress; finally, the current construction progress node of the railway bridge was determined as the "beginning stage of the erection of the main structure", and this node marked that the bridge construction had entered a new stage, which needed to be focused on and monitored; at the same time, corresponding construction plans and measures were also formulated to ensure that the subsequent construction could proceed smoothly according to the plan.

[0104] In another embodiment of the present application, the spatial positions of the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions, multiple image features of the railway bridge under construction, and the progress information of the railway bridge under construction are matched with the predetermined construction progress nodes; the following is an example of a construction progress node matching table, as shown in Table 1:

[0105] Table 1

[0106]

[0107] In actual operation, the data collected on-site (such as the actual spatial position of the central node, the images taken on-site, and the construction progress report) are compared with the features in the current construction progress node; when the collected data highly match the features of a certain predetermined construction progress node, it is considered that the current construction progress is at this node.

[0108] Therefore, the supporting body in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is determined based on the traversal of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; a supporting area is constructed based on the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions and the supporting body in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and multiple supporting nodes are formed based on the division of the supporting area, and multiple supporting nodes are introduced to facilitate the subsequent control of the multiple supporting nodes and the current construction progress node of the railway bridge.

[0109] At this time, during the traversal process, a detailed analysis of the bridge structure is carried out, which includes identifying the main supporting structures of the bridge, such as bridge piers, bridge towers, arch supports, etc. These structures are the key for the bridge to bear weight and maintain stability; during the traversal process, a detailed analysis of the bridge structure is carried out, which includes identifying the main supporting structures of the bridge, such as bridge piers, bridge towers, arch supports, etc. These structures are the key for the bridge to bear weight and maintain stability; based on the results of the structural analysis, the supporting main bodies in the bridge are identified; the supporting main bodies refer to those components or assemblies that play a major supporting role in the overall structure of the bridge; they are usually the strongest and most important parts of the bridge.

[0110] Associate the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional regions determined in the previous steps with the supporting main bodies in the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge. This is usually achieved by analyzing the positions, shapes, and relative relationships between the central nodes and the supporting main bodies; based on the association between the central nodes and the supporting main bodies, construct the supporting regions; the supporting regions refer to those spatial regions enclosed by the supporting main bodies and the associated central nodes. These regions are the most crucial and important parts of the bridge structure because they directly support the weight and stability of the bridge.

[0111] Within the supporting regions, further divide multiple supporting nodes according to the structural complexity and supporting requirements; the supporting nodes refer to those points located within the supporting regions that play a key supporting role in the bridge structure; they are usually the key connection points or stress points in the bridge structure; verify and adjust the constructed supporting regions and the divided supporting nodes, which includes checking their rationality, whether they conform to the actual situation of the bridge structure, and whether they meet the design requirements, etc.; if any problems or inconsistencies are found, return to the previous steps for re-analysis or adjustment.

[0112] Specifically, assume that a structural analysis is being carried out on an under-construction railway bridge and the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions have been determined; now, based on these central nodes and the three-dimensional model of the bridge, determine the supporting main bodies, construct the supporting regions, and the supporting nodes; use three-dimensional modeling software to traverse the bridge model and carefully analyze the bridge structure; during the traversal process, identify the main supporting structures of the bridge, including bridge piers and arch supports. These structures are the key for the bridge to maintain stability; after verification and confirmation, determine that the supporting main bodies in the bridge are the bridge piers and arch supports. These supporting main bodies are the strongest and most important parts of the bridge structure.

[0113] Next, the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions determined previously are associated with the support body; by analyzing the positions, shapes, and relative relationships of the central nodes with the support body, it is found that some central nodes are located at the top of the bridge pier or below the arched support, and these nodes have a close association with the support body; based on these associations, support regions are constructed; the support regions are spatial regions enclosed by the bridge piers, arched supports, and the associated central nodes, and these regions are the most critical and important parts of the bridge structure; within the support regions, multiple support nodes are further divided, and these nodes are located at the connections between the bridge piers and the arched supports, the vertices of the arched supports, and the regions with dense central nodes, and these support nodes play a key supporting role in the bridge structure; finally, the constructed support regions and the divided support nodes are verified and adjusted; by comparing with the design drawings and consulting engineers, the accuracy and rationality of the support regions and support nodes are ensured.

[0114] In another embodiment of the present application, the central nodes of multiple three-dimensional regions, the support body in the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, are matched with the predetermined support regions and support nodes; the following is an example of support region matching, as shown in Table 2:

[0115] Table 2

[0116]

[0117] In this support region matching table, the numbers of the central nodes, the corresponding types of support bodies, the descriptions of the support regions, and the numbers and positions of the divided support nodes are listed; by comparing the actually collected information of the central nodes and the support bodies, the matching support regions and support nodes are found.

[0118] In step S14, according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target shape of the railway bridge, the theoretical shape of the construction formwork of the railway bridge is determined.

[0119] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:

[0120] S141: Obtain the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction;

[0121] S142: Determine the target shape of the railway bridge under construction according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database;

[0122] S143: Interact with the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target shape of the railway bridge;

[0123] S144: Determine the first template matching parameter according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and determine the template matching parameter according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the target shape of the railway bridge;

[0124] S145: Determine the theoretical shape of the construction template of the railway bridge based on the first template matching parameter, the second template matching parameter, and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction;

[0125] In the embodiments of the present application, obtain the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction; determine the target shape of the railway bridge under construction according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database, which takes into account the overall consideration of the bridge number and the railway bridge database, and ensures the accuracy of the target shape of the railway bridge under construction.

[0126] At this time, obtain the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction. At the same time, the bridge number is the unique identifier of the bridge, usually assigned by the design department or management department during the bridge design stage; before the start of construction, this number will be recorded in all relevant project documents, including design drawings, construction contracts, progress reports, etc.

[0127] The railway bridge database is a system that stores data such as bridge design information, construction records, and maintenance history; use the bridge number as the search keyword to find all information related to the bridge in the database, which includes the design drawings, structural analysis, material specifications, construction instructions, etc. of the bridge; identify the target shape of the bridge from the retrieved information; the target shape usually includes the overall dimensions, shape, materials, structural details, etc. of the bridge.

[0128] Specifically, assume that a bridge named "XYZ Railway Bridge" is under construction, and the bridge number of this bridge is "BR00123"; find the bridge number "BR00123" of the "XYZ Railway Bridge" in the project documents; log in to the railway bridge database system with permissions or login credentials; enter the bridge number "BR00123" in the search box of the database; the system returns all information related to this bridge, including design drawings, structural analysis reports, material specifications, etc.

[0129] From the design drawings, it can be seen that the "XYZ Railway Bridge" is a reinforced concrete arch bridge with a total length of 300 meters and a main span of 150 meters. The structural analysis report details the structural details of the bridge, including the cross-sectional dimensions of the arch ribs, material strength, etc. The material specifications list the types and specifications of all materials used in the bridge construction. Contact was made with the design department to confirm the accuracy and completeness of the design drawings and the structural analysis report. The material specifications were also checked to ensure that all materials meet the design requirements. Finally, the consistency between the target form and the current construction progress and requirements was confirmed to ensure that the construction team can carry out the construction according to the design requirements.

[0130] Furthermore, an interaction is carried out on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge, multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge. The first template matching parameter is determined based on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the template matching parameter is determined based on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge. The first template matching parameter and the second template matching parameter are introduced.

[0131] At this time, detailed information about the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge is collected, which includes the completed parts, ongoing work, and subsequent construction plans. At the same time, the positions, states, and design requirements of all support nodes are summarized. The current construction progress and support node information are compared with the target form of the railway bridge, which involves checking whether the construction progress meets the design timeline, whether the positions and states of the support nodes meet the structural requirements, and performing interactive analysis to simulate the impact of the current construction progress and support nodes on the final form of the bridge. This helps to identify potential deviations or risks. Based on the analysis results, necessary adjustment plans are formulated to ensure that the construction progress and support nodes meet the requirements of the target form.

[0132] Specifically, assume that the "XYZ Railway Bridge" is currently installing the arch ribs, and the construction progress node is "50% of the arch rib installation completed". The support nodes include piers and temporary support structures, and their positions and states all meet the design requirements. The target form is a complete reinforced concrete arch bridge. During the interactive analysis stage, it is found that due to the construction progress being slightly slower than expected, the installation of the arch ribs will affect the schedule of the subsequent deck paving. At the same time, the state of the support nodes is good, and no deviations are found. Based on these findings, it is decided to adjust the construction plan, increase resource investment to accelerate the installation of the arch ribs, and ensure that the subsequent work can be carried out as planned.

[0133] At the same time, the first template matching parameter and the second template matching parameter are introduced. The first template matching parameter is determined based on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the template matching parameter is determined based on the current construction progress nodes of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge.

[0134] At this time, for the first template matching parameter, the construction progress and support nodes are analyzed, and the specific information of the current construction progress nodes and support nodes is analyzed in detail, such as the construction speed, the stability of the support nodes, etc.; according to the analysis results, the template matching parameters related to the construction progress and support nodes are set, and these parameters will be used in the subsequent construction template matching process; at the same time, for the second template matching parameter, the target form of the railway bridge is analyzed in depth, including structural dimensions, shapes, material requirements, etc.; based on the analysis results of the target form, the template matching parameters related to the bridge form are set.

[0135] Specifically, for the "XYZ Railway Bridge", the following template matching parameters are set:

[0136] The first template matching parameter: According to the current installation progress of the arch ribs, the length of the arch ribs to be installed every day is set; The support node stability parameter: Ensure that the stability of the piers and temporary support structures meets the design requirements.

[0137] The second template matching parameter: Ensure that the cross-sectional dimensions of the installed arch ribs are consistent with the design drawings; The bridge deck material parameter: Specify the material type and specifications used for the bridge deck.

[0138] Therefore, based on the first template matching parameter, the second template matching parameter, and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge is determined, which incorporates the overall consideration of the first template matching parameter, the second template matching parameter, and the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, realizes the further optimization of the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and ensures the accuracy of the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0139] At this time, the first template matching parameter and the second template matching parameter are input into the corresponding 3D software; the 3D software constructs a 3D model of the construction template according to the input parameters, and this model reflects the theoretical form of the bridge at the current construction progress; verify whether the model meets the design requirements, and if necessary, adjust the template matching parameters according to the analysis results and reconstruct the model; finally, output the theoretical form of the construction template as the benchmark for subsequent construction and monitoring.

[0140] At the same time, based on the construction template theoretical form matching table, the first template matching parameter, the second template matching parameter, and the three-dimensional model information of the railway bridge under construction are integrated to determine the theoretical form of the construction template; the following is an example of a construction template theoretical form matching table, as shown in Table 3:

[0141] Table 3

[0142]

[0143] In this construction formwork theoretical form matching table, the key first form matching parameters (such as construction progress, support node stability, construction speed, etc.) and second form matching parameters (such as arch rib cross-sectional dimensions, bridge deck material type, bridge deck thickness, etc.) are listed, as well as the relevant information provided by the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction (such as the current installation status and dimensions of the arch rib, the status of the piers and temporary support structures, the preparation status before bridge deck paving, etc.); by comparing and analyzing this information, a description of the theoretical form of the construction formwork is obtained.

[0144] For example, in the first row, based on the 50% arch rib installation progress and the arch rib cross-sectional dimensions of 2m x 3m, combined with the current installation status and dimensions of the arch rib in the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction, a description of "theoretical arch rib form 1" is obtained; similarly, corresponding theoretical form descriptions are obtained by matching other parameters with the three-dimensional model information.

[0145] In step S15, the next construction node is determined according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and the final form of the construction formwork is output based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge;

[0146] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:

[0147] S151: Determine the construction planning route of the railway bridge according to the bridge number, the location of the railway bridge under construction, and the railway bridge database;

[0148] S152: Interact with the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and determine the next construction node according to the interaction of the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge;

[0149] S153: Collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge;

[0150] S154: Perform multiple matching on the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge;

[0151] S155: Output the final form of the construction formwork based on the multiple matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge;

[0152] S156: Configure the final form of the construction formwork around the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and perform virtual matching on the railway bridge under construction;

[0153] S157: Determine the matching nodes between the under-construction railway bridge and the construction formwork according to the virtual matching of the under-construction railway bridge, and optimize the assembly of the construction formwork for the under-construction railway bridge according to the control of the matching nodes.

[0154] In the embodiments of the present application, determine the construction planning route of the railway bridge according to the bridge number, the location of the under-construction railway bridge, and the railway bridge database; interact with the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and determine the next construction node according to the interaction between the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, realizing further control of the next construction node.

[0155] At this time, through the bridge number and the location information of the under-construction railway bridge, the system can accurately locate a specific bridge project. These information are usually determined at the start of the project and stored in the project management system; the system will retrieve in the railway bridge database according to the bridge number and location information. This database contains detailed information of all railway bridge projects, including design documents, construction plans, historical progress records, etc.; after retrieving the information of the corresponding bridge project in the database, the system will extract the construction planning route of the bridge, which is usually a detailed construction process, including the sequence and time arrangement of all key steps from foundation construction to deck paving, and then to the installation of auxiliary facilities; finally, according to the current environmental conditions (such as weather, geology, etc.) and resource availability, the system will optimize and adjust the extracted construction planning route and confirm the final construction route.

[0156] At the same time, the system will first identify the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, which is usually achieved by real-time monitoring of the on-site construction situation or through the progress report submitted by the project manager; then, the system will compare the current construction progress node with the construction planning route, which helps the system understand whether the current construction is carried out according to the plan and whether there are delays or early completions; according to the comparison result, the system will determine the next construction node; if the current construction node is consistent with the planning route, then the next construction node is the next step immediately following in the planning route; if there is a delay, the system will adjust the next construction node to adapt to the actual situation; after determining the next construction node, the system also needs to consider the resource allocation problem, which includes the allocation of resources such as construction personnel, materials, equipment, etc., to ensure the smooth progress of the next construction node.

[0157] Specifically, assume there is a railway bridge project with the number "BR001" located at "XX Road, XX District, XX City"; the system will retrieve the detailed information of the "BR001" project in the railway bridge database according to this information; the construction planning route extracted from the information is as follows:

[0158] Foundation construction: It includes steps such as excavation of pier foundation, steel bar binding, and concrete pouring, which is expected to take 2 months; Arch rib installation: After the foundation construction is completed, prefabrication, transportation, and installation of arch ribs are carried out, which is expected to take 1.5 months; Bridge deck paving: After the arch rib installation is completed, steel bar binding, concrete pouring, and bridge deck paving are carried out, which is expected to take 1 month; Installation of auxiliary facilities: It includes installation of auxiliary facilities such as guardrails, lighting, and drainage systems, which is expected to take 0.5 months. Considering the current good weather and the rich experience of the construction team, the system will confirm this planned route or only optimize and adjust some details.

[0159] Suppose the current construction progress node is "80% of the foundation construction has been completed"; The system will compare this progress node with the construction planned route and find that the foundation construction is expected to take 2 months, and 1.5 months have passed now, and the progress has reached 80%, indicating that the construction is progressing smoothly and will be completed ahead of schedule.

[0160] Therefore, the system will determine the next construction node as "arch rib installation"; At the same time, the system will notify the arch rib prefabrication factory in advance to start production and arrange transportation vehicles and installation teams to get ready to ensure the smooth progress of arch rib installation.

[0161] Furthermore, collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; Perform multiple matches on the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; Output the final form of the construction template according to the multiple matches of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, realizing the multiple matches of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, and ensuring the final form of the construction template.

[0162] At this time, collect the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, and introduce the next construction node. At the same time, compare and analyze the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction template, which includes multiple dimensions such as size matching, form matching, and structure matching, to ensure that the construction template can perfectly adapt to the actual state of the under-construction bridge and meet the design requirements.

[0163] Optionally, determine the next construction node: Based on the previous analysis, the key points for the next construction have been identified, such as the installation of arch ribs or the paving of the bridge deck; Obtain the 3D model of the under-construction bridge: Use 3D scanning, UAV photogrammetry or BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology to obtain a 3D model of the current state of the under-construction railway bridge, which accurately reflects the actual structure, dimensions and shape of the bridge; Extract the theoretical shape of the construction template: Select the theoretical shape that matches the current construction node from the construction template database. This theoretical shape is pre-established based on design requirements and standard processes and represents the ideal state of this construction stage.

[0164] Furthermore, comprehensively evaluate the results of multiple matches to identify any mismatches or areas that need adjustment; According to the evaluation results, make necessary adjustments to the construction template, including modifying dimensions, adjusting shapes, optimizing connection nodes, etc., to ensure that the construction template can perfectly adapt to the actual state of the under-construction bridge; After the adjustment is completed, output the final shape of the construction template, which not only meets the design requirements but also perfectly adapts to the actual state of the under-construction bridge, providing accurate guidance for the subsequent construction.

[0165] Specifically, assume that the next construction node is "arch rib installation"; At this time, the 3D model of the under-construction bridge shows that the piers have been completed and their dimensions and positions meet the design requirements; The theoretical shape of arch rib installation extracted from the construction template database includes detailed information such as the prefabricated dimensions, installation angles, and connection nodes of the arch ribs.

[0166] The multiple match analysis finds that the 3D model of the under-construction bridge and the theoretical shape of the construction template are highly consistent in terms of dimensions and shapes, but there are slight differences in some connection nodes, which are caused by minor adjustments during on-site construction or measurement errors.

[0167] Based on the results of the multiple match analysis, the construction team made fine-tuning to the arch rib installation template; They adjusted some connection nodes of the arch ribs to ensure that they perfectly match the 3D model of the under-construction bridge.

[0168] After the adjustment is completed, the final shape of the construction template is output and used to guide the subsequent arch rib installation work. This final shape ensures that the arch ribs can be accurately and efficiently installed on the bridge, meeting both the design requirements and ensuring the construction quality and progress.

[0169] In another embodiment of the present application, the multiple match relationship between the next construction node, the 3D model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical shape of the railway bridge construction template is clearly shown in the form of a final shape matching table of the construction template; The following is an example of a final shape matching table of the construction template, as shown in Table 4:

[0170] Table 4

[0171]

[0172] In the final form matching table of this construction formwork, key matching items are listed. For each matching item, the requirements of the next construction node, the actual state of the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction, and the standards of the theoretical form of the construction formwork are compared. The matching results are divided into two categories: "matched" and "to be adjusted". For the matching items that "need to be adjusted", corresponding adjustments will be made in the subsequent steps.

[0173] Therefore, the final form of the construction formwork is configured around the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and virtual matching is carried out on the railway bridge under construction. According to the virtual matching of the railway bridge under construction, the matching nodes between the railway bridge under construction and the construction formwork are determined. According to the control of the matching nodes, the assembly of the construction formwork for the railway bridge under construction is optimized. At the same time, the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge is further accurately controlled, and the overall consideration of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction, and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge is compatible, realizing the precise control of the final form of the construction formwork and ensuring a high degree of matching between the construction formwork and the railway bridge under construction.

[0174] At this time, in step S155, the final form of the construction formwork after optimization and adjustment has been obtained. This form includes all necessary information such as dimensions, forms, connection nodes, etc. to guide the subsequent construction. The three-dimensional model of the railway bridge under construction is imported using the BIM platform. This model should contain all the current structural information of the bridge for accurate virtual matching. The final form of the construction formwork is "placed" or "configured" around the three-dimensional model of the bridge under construction, which is usually achieved through functions such as positioning, rotation, and scaling in the software to ensure precise alignment of the construction formwork and the bridge under construction in three-dimensional space. After configuring the construction formwork, virtual matching is carried out, which includes checking the matching degree of the construction formwork and the bridge under construction in terms of dimensions, forms, connection nodes, etc. Virtual matching simulates the real construction scenario and helps identify potential problems or conflicts.

[0175] During the virtual matching process, the matching nodes between the construction formwork and the bridge under construction are identified. These nodes are the key points for connecting the construction formwork and the bridge structure and are crucial for ensuring construction quality and precision. Strict control is exercised over the identified matching nodes, including checking whether the dimensions, shapes, positions, etc. of the nodes meet the design requirements and ensuring that the connecting parts, fasteners, etc. at the nodes can be correctly installed. Based on the control results of the matching nodes, necessary optimizations are made to the construction formwork, including adjusting the dimensions, shapes or positions of the nodes to ensure that the construction formwork can perfectly adapt to the actual state of the bridge under construction. After optimizing the construction formwork, assembly optimization is carried out, including formulating a detailed assembly plan, process and schedule to ensure that the construction formwork can be smoothly assembled onto the bridge structure according to the plan.

[0176] Specifically, assume that a railway arch bridge is under construction and the next construction node is the installation of the arch rib; in step S155, the final shape of the optimized arch rib construction formwork has been obtained.

[0177] In step S156, first, the solid model of the railway arch bridge under construction is imported, which contains the completed structural information such as piers and bridge decks; then, the optimized arch rib construction formwork is configured above the pier, and the precise alignment of the arch rib and the pier is ensured through the positioning function in the software.

[0178] Next, virtual matching is carried out; through inspection, it is found that the arch rib construction formwork and the bridge under construction are perfectly matched in terms of dimensions and shapes, but there are slight deviations at the connection nodes, which are caused by minor adjustments in on-site construction or measurement errors.

[0179] In step S157, first, the matching nodes between the arch rib construction formwork and the pier are determined. These nodes are located at the connection between the arch rib and the pier and are the key points for ensuring the correct installation of the arch rib.

[0180] Then, strict control is exercised over these matching nodes; through inspection, it is found that the deviation at the connection nodes is mainly caused by minor adjustments in on-site construction; to solve this problem, the connection nodes of the arch rib construction formwork are slightly adjusted to ensure that their connection points with the pier are perfectly aligned.

[0181] Next, assembly optimization is carried out; a detailed arch rib installation plan is formulated, including the installation sequence, required materials, personnel allocation and schedule, etc.; by optimizing the assembly process, it is ensured that the arch rib can be smoothly installed onto the pier according to the plan, thus guaranteeing the construction quality and progress.

[0182] Embodiment 3:

[0183] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of a matching system for construction templates of railway bridges in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0184] As Figure 3 shown, a matching system for construction templates of railway bridges, the matching system for construction templates of railway bridges includes:

[0185] An image module 21, configured to determine a plurality of images of the under-construction railway bridge at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the under-construction railway bridge by a drone;

[0186] A three-dimensional module 22, configured to determine a three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge according to the plurality of images and the target form of the under-construction railway bridge;

[0187] A node module 23, configured to determine the current construction progress node and a plurality of support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge;

[0188] A theoretical form module 24, configured to determine the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the plurality of support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge;

[0189] A final form module 25, configured to determine the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and output the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

[0190] For any combination of the technical features of the above embodiments, for the sake of brevity of description, not all combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

Claims

1. A matching method for the construction formwork of a railway bridge, characterized in that, Including: Determining a plurality of images of the under-construction railway bridge at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the under-construction railway bridge by a drone; Determining a three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge according to the plurality of images and the target form of the under-construction railway bridge; Determining the current construction progress node and a plurality of support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge; Determining the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the plurality of support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge, including: obtaining the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the plurality of support nodes of the railway bridge, and collecting the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge; determining the target form of the under-construction railway bridge according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database; interacting the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the plurality of support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge; determining the first formwork matching parameter according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the plurality of support nodes of the railway bridge, and determining the second formwork matching parameter according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; determining the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge based on the first formwork matching parameter, the second formwork matching parameter, and the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge; the first formwork matching parameter includes construction progress, support node stability, and construction speed; the second formwork matching parameter includes arch rib cross-sectional dimensions, bridge deck material type, and bridge deck thickness; Determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction formwork based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge.

2. The matching method of the construction formwork of the railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining a plurality of images of the under-construction railway bridge at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the under-construction railway bridge by a drone includes: Collecting the location where the under-construction railway bridge is located; Determining the detection route of the drone relative to the under-construction railway bridge according to the location where the under-construction railway bridge is located, the surrounding environment of the location where the under-construction railway bridge is located, and the current position of the drone; The drone flies along the detection route, and autonomously adjusts the attitude of the camera according to the direction of the drone relative to the under-construction railway bridge, the position of the camera configured on the drone, and the shooting direction; The camera performs circumferential detection relative to the under-construction railway bridge as the drone flies, and takes pictures at different positions of the under-construction railway bridge to collect a plurality of images of the under-construction railway bridge at different positions.

3. The matching method of the construction formwork for railway bridges according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determining a three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge according to the plurality of images and the target form of the under-construction railway bridge includes: Collecting the bridge number of the under-construction railway bridge; Determining the target form of the under-construction railway bridge according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database; Matching the plurality of images and the target form of the under-construction railway bridge; Determining a plurality of three-dimensional features based on the matching of the plurality of images and the target form of the under-construction railway bridge; Determining the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge according to the synthesis of the plurality of three-dimensional features.

4. The matching method of the construction formwork for railway bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of a railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, including: Obtaining the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge; Detecting the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge and collecting multiple three-dimensional regions during the detection process; Determining the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional regions according to the regional shapes, regional areas, and relative positions of the multiple three-dimensional regions; Determining the current construction progress node of the railway bridge based on the spatial positions of the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional regions, multiple images of the under-construction railway bridge, and the progress information of the under-construction railway bridge.

5. The matching method of the construction formwork of the railway bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of a railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge further includes: Determining the support main body in the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge according to the traversal of the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge; Constructing a support area based on the central nodes of the multiple three-dimensional regions and the support main body in the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and forming multiple support nodes based on the division of the support area.

6. The matching method of the construction formwork of the railway bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge, including: Determining the construction planning route of the railway bridge according to the bridge number, the location of the under-construction railway bridge, and the railway bridge database; Interacting the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and determining the next construction node according to the interaction of the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge.

7. The matching method of the construction formwork of the railway bridge according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge further includes: Collecting the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; Performing multiple matching on the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge; Outputting the final form of the construction template according to the multiple matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge.

8. The matching method of the construction formwork for railway bridges according to claim 7, characterized in that, Determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction template based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction template of the railway bridge further includes: Configuring the final form of the construction template around the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge and performing virtual matching on the under-construction railway bridge; Determine the matching nodes between the under-construction railway bridge and the construction formwork according to the virtual matching of the under-construction railway bridge, and optimize the assembly of the construction formwork for the under-construction railway bridge according to the control of the matching nodes.

9. A matching system for the construction formwork of a railway bridge, characterized in that, The matching system for the construction formwork of the railway bridge is applied to the matching method for the construction formwork of the railway bridge as described in any one of claims 1-8. The matching system for the construction formwork of the railway bridge includes: An image module for determining multiple images of the under-construction railway bridge at different positions based on the circumferential detection of the under-construction railway bridge by an unmanned aerial vehicle. A three-dimensional module for determining the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge according to the multiple images and the target form of the under-construction railway bridge. A node module for determining the current construction progress node and multiple support nodes of the railway bridge based on the detection of the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge. A theoretical form module for determining the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge, including: obtaining the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and collecting the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge; determining the target form of the under-construction railway bridge according to the bridge number and the railway bridge database; interacting with the current construction progress node of the railway bridge, the multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and the target form of the railway bridge; determining the first formwork matching parameters according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the multiple support nodes of the railway bridge, and determining the second formwork matching parameters according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the target form of the railway bridge; determining the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge based on the first formwork matching parameters, the second formwork matching parameters, and the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge; the first formwork matching parameters include construction progress, support node stability, and construction speed; the second formwork matching parameters include arch rib cross-sectional dimensions, bridge deck material type, and bridge deck thickness. A final form module for determining the next construction node according to the current construction progress node of the railway bridge and the construction planning route of the railway bridge, and outputting the final form of the construction formwork based on the matching of the next construction node, the three-dimensional model of the under-construction railway bridge, and the theoretical form of the construction formwork of the railway bridge.

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