Cold plate, monitoring device, monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The application discloses a cold plate, a monitoring device, a monitoring system and a monitoring method, and belongs to the field of batteries. The cold plate comprises a cold plate body and an ultrasonic device. The cold plate body forms a flow channel, and the flow channel is used for circulating cooling liquid. The ultrasonic device is arranged in the flow channel and is used for monitoring the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel. Through the arrangement of the cold plate body and the ultrasonic device, the ultrasonic device can monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel, so that the flow and temperature of the cooling liquid can be dynamically regulated according to the flow pattern, the liquid film thickness of the overheating area is increased, and the wavy flow area is removed. The heat exchange effect of the cold plate can be significantly improved, the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate are improved, and the local overheating phenomenon of the battery is reduced. Therefore, the intelligence and efficiency of battery cooling are improved, and necessary support is provided for the safety guarantee of the battery.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a cold plate, a monitoring device, a monitoring system and a monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, in the field of direct cooling of power batteries, if the flow pattern inside the direct cooling plate is to be observed, a transparent simulation experiment is usually considered, that is, a model similar in structure to the aluminum direct cooling plate is made of transparent material (such as organic glass), working fluid is injected into the model, and bubbles are introduced, and the flow state of the bubbles is directly observed by using a high-speed camera and other equipment.

[0003] The transparent model and the actual aluminum direct cooling plate differ in material properties and heat conduction, and cannot simulate the actual use scenario of the actual aluminum direct cooling plate for experimental testing, but can only use mathematical calculation methods to regulate the thermal resistance, greatly reducing the reliability of the experimental results. If a transparent material and an aluminum heat sink plate are combined, the position of the two materials cannot be welded, and the compression and tensile strength of the whole plate is extremely low, and the flow channel will be crushed and damaged under normal battery device test conditions, affecting the experiment. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the application provides a cold plate, a monitoring device, a monitoring system and a monitoring method, which can monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel, so that the flow and temperature of the cooling liquid can be dynamically regulated according to the flow pattern.

[0005] In a first aspect, the application provides a cold plate, comprising:

[0006] a cold plate body forming a flow channel, the flow channel being used to circulate cooling liquid;

[0007] an ultrasonic device arranged in the flow channel and used to monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel.

[0008] According to the cold plate of the application, by arranging the cold plate body and the ultrasonic device, the ultrasonic device can monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel, so that the flow and temperature of the cooling liquid can be dynamically regulated according to the flow pattern, the liquid film thickness of the overheating area is increased, and the wavy flow area is removed, which can significantly improve the heat exchange effect of the cold plate, improve the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate, reduce the local overheating phenomenon of the battery, thereby improving the intelligence and efficiency of the battery cooling, and providing necessary support for the safety of the battery.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the application, the ultrasonic device comprises:

[0010] a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, which are distributed along the height direction of the flow channel.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic wave transceiving group comprises an ultrasonic wave transmitter and an ultrasonic wave receiver, the ultrasonic wave transmitter and the ultrasonic wave receiver are oppositely arranged along the width direction of the flow channel, and the ultrasonic wave transmitter and the ultrasonic wave receiver in the same group are located at the same height.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic wave device further comprises:

[0013] The mounting seat comprises a mounting portion extending along the height direction of the flow channel and arranged on both sides of the flow channel along the width direction, and the ultrasonic wave transmitter and the ultrasonic wave receiver are arranged in the two mounting portions respectively.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cold plate body has an opening communicating with the flow channel.

[0015] The mounting seat further comprises a connecting portion arranged in the opening to close the opening, and the mounting portion is arranged on both sides of the connecting portion along the width direction of the flow channel.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present application, the flow channel comprises multiple groups, each group comprising at least one branch flow channel, and at least one branch flow channel in each group is provided with the ultrasonic wave device.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a monitoring device comprising:

[0018] The ultrasonic wave device is arranged in the flow channel formed by the cold plate body, comprising an ultrasonic wave transmitter and an ultrasonic wave receiver, the ultrasonic wave transmitter is used for transmitting ultrasonic wave signals to the flow channel, and the ultrasonic wave receiver is used for receiving the ultrasonic wave signals and forming ultrasonic echo signals.

[0019] The signal transmitter is electrically connected with the ultrasonic wave transmitter.

[0020] The signal amplifier and filter is electrically connected with the ultrasonic wave receiver.

[0021] The controller is electrically connected with the signal transmitter and the signal amplifier and filter respectively.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic wave device comprises multiple ultrasonic wave transceiving groups, each of which comprises an ultrasonic wave transmitter and an ultrasonic wave receiver.

[0023] The signal transmitter is electrically connected with multiple ultrasonic wave transmitters respectively.

[0024] The signal amplifier and filter is electrically connected with multiple ultrasonic wave receivers respectively.

[0025] In a third aspect, the present application provides a monitoring system, comprising:

[0026] a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a cold plate connected in sequence, wherein the cold plate comprises an ultrasonic device, and the ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver;

[0027] a signal transmitter electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter;

[0028] a signal amplifier and filter electrically connected to the ultrasonic receiver;

[0029] a controller electrically connected to the signal transmitter, the signal amplifier and filter, the compressor and the expansion valve, respectively.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic device comprises a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, each of which comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver;

[0031] the signal transmitter is electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters, respectively;

[0032] the signal amplifier and filter are electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic receivers, respectively.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a monitoring method based on the monitoring system according to any one of the above, comprising:

[0034] the controller controls the signal transmitter to send a first instruction to the ultrasonic device at intervals of a first target time length;

[0035] the ultrasonic device transmits a plurality of ultrasonic signals to the flow channel and generates a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals based on the first instruction;

[0036] the signal amplifier and filter receive and process the plurality of ultrasonic echo signals;

[0037] the controller obtains the flow pattern of the flow channel based on the processing result of the signal amplifier and filter;

[0038] the controller controls the working state of the compressor and the expansion valve based on the flow pattern.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic device transmits a plurality of ultrasonic signals to the flow channel and generates a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals based on the first instruction, comprising:

[0040] The plurality of ultrasonic transmitters in each of the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups emit ultrasonic signals, and only one of the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters emits an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel at the same time, and the interval between adjacent two ultrasonic signals is a second target time length.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present application, the controller controls the working states of the compressor and the expansion valve based on the flow pattern, including:

[0042] In the case that the difference between the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter in adjacent two times is greater than a first threshold value, the controller controls the compressor to work at a first rotating speed, and controls the expansion valve to open at a first opening degree;

[0043] In the case that the difference between the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter in adjacent two times is not greater than the first threshold value, and the processing result of the signal amplifier and filter is greater than a second threshold value, the controller controls the compressor to work at a second rotating speed, and controls the expansion valve to open at a second opening degree.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be made apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0046] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 is one of structural schematic diagrams of a cold plate provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 is another of structural schematic diagrams of a cold plate provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 is a third of structural schematic diagrams of a cold plate provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 is a flow schematic diagram of a monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0052] Cold plate 10;

[0053] Cold plate body 1, uniform temperature plate 11, flow channel plate 12, flow channel 121, welding area 13;

[0054] Ultrasonic device 2, ultrasonic transmitter 211, ultrasonic receiver 212, mounting seat 213, mounting portion 2131, connecting portion 2132;

[0055] Inlet pipe 31, outlet pipe 32, compressor 33, condenser 34, expansion valve 35;

[0056] Signal transmitter 41, signal amplifier and filter 42, controller 43;

[0057] Automobile power battery 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, only for explaining the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0059] Reference is made below Figures 1-5 A cold plate 10, a monitoring device, a monitoring system and a monitoring method according to embodiments of the present application are described.

[0060] The cold plate 10 can be a direct cooling plate, the cold plate 10 is applied to a battery device, the cold plate 10 is used for cooling the battery in the battery device, and the cold plate 10 can be installed on the side of the battery.

[0061] The battery device can be applied to various electric devices, and the electric device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric vehicle, an electric car, a ship and a spacecraft, etc. Among them, the electric toy can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric plane toys, etc., and the spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spaceships, etc.

[0062] For example, the cold plate 10 of the embodiments of the present application can exchange heat with the automobile power battery 5.

[0063] The monitoring device is used to observe the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 of the cold plate 10, so as to reflect the cooling liquid flow state in the cold plate 10.

[0064] The flow pattern in the flow channel 121 includes bubble shape, flowing liquid film shape, wave shape or mist shape, and different flow patterns show the heat exchange capacity of the flow channel 121.

[0065] Exemplarily, if the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is wavy or misty, it indicates that the flow rate of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121 is insufficient, and the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 cannot match the required refrigeration capacity of the battery; if the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is bubbly or flowing liquid film, the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 matches the required refrigeration capacity of the battery.

[0066] As shown in Figures 1-4 The cold plate 10 of the embodiment of the present application comprises a cold plate body 1 and an ultrasonic device 2.

[0067] The cold plate body 1 forms a flow channel 121, and the flow channel 121 is used for flowing the cooling liquid.

[0068] Exemplarily, the cooling liquid can be R134a or R1234yf.

[0069] The cold plate body 1 can be made of high-quality aluminum alloy material, so that the cold plate 10 has good heat conduction performance and structural strength.

[0070] The internal part of the cold plate 10 can be designed with multiple flow channels 121, and the multiple flow channels 121 can be connected in parallel or in series, so that the cooling liquid can flow fully and take away heat.

[0071] Exemplarily, the flow channel 121 can extend in a serpentine shape, or extend in a spiral shape, or be multiple straight lines arranged in parallel.

[0072] The cold plate 10 can be provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet, so as to facilitate the cooling liquid to flow into and out of the flow channel 121.

[0073] Exemplarily, the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet can be arranged at the same end of the cold plate 10, or can be arranged at different ends of the cold plate 10.

[0074] In some embodiments, the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet can be provided with quick connection joints, so as to facilitate installation and maintenance.

[0075] The ultrasonic device 2 can be arranged in the flow channel 121, and the ultrasonic device 2 is used for monitoring the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121.

[0076] Exemplarily, the ultrasonic device 2 can be arranged inside the flow channel 121, or arranged outside the cold plate 10, and the ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic device 2 is transmitted through the cold plate body 1 to the flow channel 121.

[0077] The ultrasonic device 2 can be connected to an external signal transmitter 41 and a controller 43, the signal transmitter 41 and the controller 43 are responsible for receiving and analyzing the ultrasonic echo signals emitted and reflected back by the ultrasonic device 2, and the controller 43 can infer the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in bubble, flowing liquid film, wave or mist by calculating the propagation time and intensity change of the ultrasonic wave, so as to dynamically regulate the flow and temperature of the cooling liquid.

[0078] For example, the ultrasonic device 2 includes at least one ultrasonic transceiver group, which can be directly installed on the side wall of the flow channel 121, or installed in the flow channel 121 through the mounting seat 213. The mounting seat 213 can have a passage communicating with the flow channel 121, so as not to affect the conduction of the cooling liquid.

[0079] The conventional battery direct cooling plate system often only monitors the overheating degree of the outlet, and adjusts the flow of the inlet accordingly. However, when the cooling liquid flows in a wave or mist pattern due to the high heating power of the battery and insufficient cooling liquid flow (the refrigeration capacity does not match the battery state), it may cause insufficient refrigeration capacity in the local area of the cooling plate, resulting in high temperature at the corresponding position of the battery, increasing the safety risk.

[0080] In related technologies, in order to monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the cooling plate, a transparent simulation experiment is usually considered, that is, a model similar to the aluminum direct cooling plate structure is made of transparent material (such as organic glass), the working fluid is injected into the model and the bubbles are introduced, and the flow state of the bubbles is directly observed by using a high-speed camera and other equipment.

[0081] The above-mentioned transparent model has differences in material properties and heat conduction with the actual aluminum direct cooling plate, and cannot simulate the actual use scene of the actual aluminum direct cooling plate for experimental testing, but can only use mathematical calculation method to regulate the thermal resistance, which greatly reduces the reliability of the experimental results. If a transparent material and an aluminum heat sink plate are combined, the position of the two materials cannot be welded, and the compression and tensile strength of the whole plate is extremely low, and the flow channel will be crushed and damaged under normal battery device test conditions, affecting the experiment.

[0082] According to the cooling plate 10 provided in the embodiments of the present application, by arranging the cooling plate body 1 and the ultrasonic device 2, the ultrasonic device 2 can monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121, so as to dynamically regulate the flow and temperature of the cooling liquid according to the flow pattern, increase the liquid film thickness of the overheating area, and remove the wave flow area, which can significantly improve the heat exchange effect of the cooling plate 10, improve the reliability and efficiency of the cooling plate 10, reduce the local overheating phenomenon of the battery, and improve the intelligence and efficiency of the battery cooling, and provide necessary support for the safety of the battery.

[0083] In some embodiments, asFigure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic device 2 comprises a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, which are distributed along the height direction of the flow channel 121.

[0084] The ultrasonic transceiver group comprises an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212, the ultrasonic transmitter 211 is used to emit ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121, and the ultrasonic receiver 212 is used to receive ultrasonic signals and form ultrasonic echo signals.

[0085] The number of ultrasonic transceiver groups can include at least two, for example, the ultrasonic transceiver groups can be 3 groups, 4 groups or more.

[0086] Exemplarily, the ultrasonic transceiver groups can be 3 groups, which are arranged along the height direction to monitor the fluid characteristics of the upper, middle and lower parts of the flow channel 121.

[0087] Along the height direction of the flow channel 121, a group of ultrasonic transceiver groups is installed at a certain distance (such as every 50mm or determined according to the size of the flow channel 121 and the monitoring requirements). Exemplarily, the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups are uniformly distributed along the height direction of the flow channel 121, and can also be distributed at a plurality of target distances.

[0088] The ultrasonic transceiver group is directly installed on the wall surface of the flow channel 121, and can also be placed in the flow channel 121 through a fixing seat.

[0089] Exemplarily, the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups can be directly fixed on the side wall and / or top of the flow channel 121 by means of bolts, magnetic attraction or buckles, etc., so that they can be accurately aligned inside the flow channel 121 to monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid; or the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups can be first installed on the fixing seat, and then set in the flow channel 121 by means of clamping, direct placement or plug-in connection of the fixing seat, etc., to reduce the installation difficulty.

[0090] In this embodiment, by distributing a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups at intervals along the height direction of the flow channel 121, the flow pattern at different heights of the flow channel 121 can be monitored, thereby forming the flow pattern monitoring results of the cross section of the flow channel 121, and improving the fineness and comprehensiveness of the cooling liquid flow pattern monitoring.

[0091] Exemplarily, the height position of the flow channel 121 is from the heat exchange surface of the cold plate body 1 to the other surface away from the heat exchange surface, in other words, the height direction of the flow channel 121 is from the high temperature point to the low temperature point, the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups are arranged on both sides of the flow channel 121 along the width direction, and are located at the upper, middle and lower three height surfaces along the height direction of the flow channel 121, and the cooling liquid flow pattern of the cross section where the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups of the flow channel 121 are located can be monitored.

[0092] Multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups are connected in parallel and then connected to an external signal transmitter 41 and signal amplifier and filter 42. The controller 43 can obtain the flow pattern of the flow channel 121 in the height direction of the multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups based on the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter 42.

[0093] In some embodiments, multiple sets of ultrasonic transceiver groups are distributed along the height direction and aligned along the height direction.

[0094] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic transmitter 211 and the ultrasonic receiver 212 are arranged opposite each other along the width direction of the flow channel 121. The ultrasonic transmitter 211 and the ultrasonic receiver 212 can be respectively located on both sides of the flow channel 121 along the width direction. The ultrasonic transmitter 211 emits ultrasonic signals into the flow channel 121. The ultrasonic signals pass through the coolant along the width direction of the flow channel 121 and reach the ultrasonic receiver 212 on the opposite side, thereby monitoring the coolant flow pattern along the width direction in the flow channel 121, thereby improving the precision and comprehensiveness of the coolant flow pattern monitoring.

[0095] The ultrasonic transmitter 211 and ultrasonic receiver 212 in the same group are located at the same height, which can improve the accuracy of ultrasonic receiver 212 in receiving ultrasonic wave signals and reduce the error in generating ultrasonic echo signals by the ultrasonic transceiver group due to installation errors, thereby improving the precision and comprehensiveness of coolant flow pattern monitoring.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic device 2 also includes a mounting base 213, which includes a mounting portion 2131 that extends along the height direction of the flow channel 121. The mounting portion 2131 can extend from one end of the flow channel 121 along the height direction to the other end, so as to facilitate the spaced installation of multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 and ultrasonic receivers 212.

[0097] For example, the mounting portion 2131 may extend into a strip or block structure along the height direction of the flow channel 121.

[0098] The mounting section 2131 includes two sections, which are disposed on both sides of the flow channel 121 along the width direction. Coolant flows between the two mounting sections 2131. The ultrasonic transmitter 211 and the ultrasonic receiver 212 are respectively disposed in the two mounting sections 2131.

[0099] Exemplarily, the two mounting portions 2131 can be a split structure, a plurality of ultrasonic wave emitters 211 can be mounted on one mounting portion 2131 to form an assembly, and then the assembly is assembled with the flow channel 121, which can reduce the installation difficulty of the plurality of ultrasonic wave emitters 211 mounted on the flow channel 121. Similarly, a plurality of ultrasonic wave receivers 212 can be mounted on one mounting portion 2131 to form an assembly, and then the assembly is assembled with the flow channel 121, which can reduce the installation difficulty of the plurality of ultrasonic wave receivers 212 mounted on the flow channel 121.

[0100] Exemplarily, the two mounting portions 2131 can be an integral structure, the mounting seat 213 further includes a connecting portion 2132, and the mounting portions 2131 are arranged on both sides of the connecting portion 2132 along the width direction of the flow channel 121. A plurality of ultrasonic wave emitters 211 can be mounted on one mounting portion 2131, and a plurality of ultrasonic wave receivers 212 can be mounted on the other mounting portion 2131. The plurality of ultrasonic wave emitters 211, the plurality of ultrasonic wave receivers 212, and the mounting seat 213 form an assembly, and then the assembly is assembled with the flow channel 121, which can further reduce the installation difficulty of the plurality of ultrasonic wave receivers 212 and the plurality of ultrasonic wave emitters 211 mounted on the flow channel 121.

[0101] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The cold plate body 1 can have an opening, which can be located on the heat exchange surface of the cold plate body 1 or on the other surface of the cold plate body 1.

[0102] The opening is in communication with the flow channel 121, the mounting seat 213 is used for being inserted from the opening and the mounting portion 2131 extends towards the inside of the flow channel 121, and the connecting portion 2132 is arranged on the opening to seal the opening, so as to reduce the leakage of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121 from the opening.

[0103] In the present embodiment, by arranging the opening, the assembly of the mounting seat 213 and the flow channel 121 can be facilitated, and the installation difficulty is reduced.

[0104] In some embodiments, the opening can be sealingly connected with the connecting portion 2132. Exemplarily, the wall surface of the opening can be welded with the connecting portion 2132, or a sealing gap between the opening and the connecting portion 2132 is provided with a sealing device, such as a sealing gasket or a labyrinth seal, etc. The welding area 13 is as shown in Figure 3

[0105] In some embodiments, the flow channel 121 can include a plurality of flow channels 121, and the ultrasonic wave device 2 can be arranged in each of the plurality of flow channels 121, so as to comprehensively monitor the flow pattern of the plurality of flow channels 121, and improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring.

[0106] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 ​As shown, the cold plate body 1 can include a uniform temperature plate 11 for heat exchange with the battery and a flow channel plate 12 on which a plurality of flow channel grooves are formed. The uniform temperature plate 11 is arranged on the flow channel plate 12 to jointly form a flow channel 121. The cooling liquid flows into the cold plate 10 through the water inlet pipe 31 and circulates inside the flow channel 121.

[0107] The uniform temperature plate 11 and the flow channel plate 12 can be sealingly connected, for example, the uniform temperature plate 11 and the flow channel plate 12 can be welded to form a complete cooling unit.

[0108] The uniform temperature plate 11 can have an opening, and the uniform temperature plate 11 can be a flat plate structure. The uniform temperature plate 11 is arranged in the opening to facilitate processing.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown, the flow channel 121 can include a plurality of groups, each group including at least one branch flow channel. In the case of multiple branch flow channels in a group, the multiple branch flow channels are connected in parallel. Figure 4

[0110] At least one branch flow channel in each group is provided with an ultrasonic device 2, one branch flow channel in each group is provided with an ultrasonic device 2; or, multiple branch flow channels in each group are provided with an ultrasonic device 2; or, each branch flow channel in each group is provided with an ultrasonic device 2.

[0111] In this embodiment, since the flow patterns of the multiple branch flow channels connected in parallel are similar, at least one branch flow channel in each group is provided with an ultrasonic device 2, which not only improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring, but also reduces the number of ultrasonic devices 2 used, reduces costs, and reduces the amount of data processing.

[0112] The application also provides a monitoring device, which includes an ultrasonic device 2, a signal transmitter 41, a signal amplifier and filter 42, and a controller 43.

[0113] The ultrasonic device 2 can be arranged in the flow channel 121 formed by the cold plate body 1, and the ultrasonic device 2 is used to monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121.

[0114] The ultrasonic device 2 includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212. The ultrasonic transmitter 211 is used to emit ultrasonic signals into the flow channel 121, and the ultrasonic receiver 212 is used to receive ultrasonic signals and form ultrasonic echo signals.

[0115] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter 211 and is used to send a first instruction to the ultrasonic transmitter 211. The first instruction is used to drive the ultrasonic transmitter 211 to emit ultrasonic signals.

[0116] For example, the signal transmitter 41 can be a pulse generator capable of generating electrical pulses of a specific frequency and width.​

[0117] The signal amplifier and filter 42 is electrically connected with the ultrasonic receiver 212, for receiving the ultrasonic echo signal transmitted by the ultrasonic receiver 212, and amplifying and filtering the received ultrasonic echo signal to remove noise and interference.

[0118] The controller 43 is electrically connected with the signal transmitter 41 and the signal amplifier and filter 42 respectively, responsible for controlling the trigger signal output frequency of the signal transmitter 41, and receiving and processing the signal output by the signal amplifier and filter 42 to obtain the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121.

[0119] During the monitoring process, the signal transmitter 41 can send a first instruction to the ultrasonic transmitter 211 at a first target time interval, which can be set according to the mass flow rate of the water inlet to improve the high-precision monitoring of the cooling liquid flow pattern by the monitoring device.

[0120] According to the monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic device 2 can monitor the flow pattern distribution of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121, dynamically regulate the flow rate and temperature of the cooling liquid, increase the liquid film thickness in the overheating area, and remove the wavy flow area, which can significantly improve the heat exchange effect of the cold plate 10, improve the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate 10, and improve the intelligence and efficiency of the battery cooling, and provide necessary support for the safety of the battery.

[0121] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ultrasonic device 2 includes a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, and the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups are connected in parallel.

[0122] Each ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212, and the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel, and the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel.

[0123] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected with the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211, and the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel and electrically connected with the signal transmitter 41, so that the signal transmitter can send a first instruction to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211.

[0124] For example, the signal transmitter can send a first instruction to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 at the same time, or can send a first instruction to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 at a first target time interval, which can be set according to the setting.

[0125] The signal amplifier and filter 42 is electrically connected with the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212, and the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel and then electrically connected with the signal amplifier and filter 42, so that the signal amplifier and filter 42 can receive the ultrasonic echo signals sent by the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0126] As shown in Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application also provides a monitoring system, which comprises a compressor 33, a condenser 34 and an expansion valve 35, the cold plate 10 of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, a signal transmitter 41, a signal amplifier and filter 42 and a controller 43.

[0127] The compressor 33, the condenser 34 and the expansion valve 35 are connected in sequence, and the cold plate 10 of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments is connected to the compressor 33, the condenser 34 and the expansion valve 35,

[0128] Outside the battery device, the cooling liquid flows out through the outlet pipe 32, is subjected to high-pressure treatment by the compressor 33, is cooled by the condenser 34, and then is adjusted in flow by the expansion valve 35, and finally reaches the inlet pipe 31. The flow channel 121 of the cold plate 10 is connected with the outlet pipe 32 and the inlet pipe 31 respectively, so as to form the circulation of the cooling liquid in the cold plate 10.

[0129] The expansion valve 35 can be an electromagnetic expansion valve 35.

[0130] The cold plate 10 comprises an ultrasonic device 2, and the ultrasonic device 2 can be arranged in the flow channel 121 formed by the cold plate body 1. The ultrasonic device 2 is used for monitoring the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121.

[0131] The ultrasonic device 2 comprises an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212.

[0132] The ultrasonic transmitter 211 is used for transmitting ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121, and the ultrasonic receiver 212 is used for receiving the ultrasonic signals and forming ultrasonic echo signals.

[0133] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected with the ultrasonic transmitter 211 and is used for transmitting a first instruction to the ultrasonic transmitter 211. The first instruction is used for driving the ultrasonic transmitter 211 to transmit ultrasonic signals.

[0134] For example, the signal transmitter 41 can be a pulse generator capable of generating an electric pulse with a specific frequency and width.

[0135] The signal amplifier and filter 42 is electrically connected with the ultrasonic receiver 212 and is used for receiving the ultrasonic echo signals transmitted by the ultrasonic receiver 212 and performing amplification and filtering processing on the received ultrasonic echo signals to remove noise and interference.

[0136] The controller 43 is electrically connected with the signal transmitter 41, the signal amplification and filter 42, the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 respectively.

[0137] The controller 43 is responsible for controlling the entire monitoring system, including the opening and closing of the compressor 33, the opening adjustment of the expansion valve 35, the sending frequency of the first instruction of the signal transmitter 41, and the flow pattern judgment based on the processing result of the signal amplification and filter 42.

[0138] The signal transmitter 41 is connected with the ultrasonic device 2. Each group of ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212. The controller 43 realizes real-time monitoring of the flow pattern by transmitting ultrasonic signals through the ultrasonic transmitter 211 and receiving ultrasonic echo signals after the ultrasonic signals echo.

[0139] During the monitoring process, the signal transmitter 41 can send instructions to the ultrasonic transmitter 211 at intervals of a first target duration. The first target duration can be set according to the mass flow rate of the water inlet, which is calculated to improve the high-precision monitoring of the cooling liquid flow pattern by the monitoring device.

[0140] According to the monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present application, by setting the ultrasonic device 2, the ultrasonic device 2 can monitor the flow pattern distribution of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121, dynamically control the flow rate and temperature of the cooling liquid, increase the liquid film thickness in the superheated region, and remove the wavy flow area. The heat exchange effect of the cold plate 10 can be significantly improved to improve the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate 10, thereby improving the intelligence and efficiency of the battery cooling, and providing necessary support for the safety of the battery.

[0141] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device 2 includes a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, and the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups are connected in parallel.

[0142] Each group of ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212, and the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel, and the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel.

[0143] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected with the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211, and the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel and electrically connected with the signal transmitter 41, so that the signal transmitter can send the first instruction to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211.

[0144] For example, the signal transmitter can send the first instruction to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 at the same time, or can send the first instruction to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 at intervals of a first target duration. The specific processing can be performed according to the setting.

[0145] The signal amplifier and filter 42 is electrically connected with the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212, the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel and then connected with the signal amplifier and filter 42, so that the signal amplifier and filter 42 can receive the ultrasonic echo signals sent by the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0146] As shown in Figure 5 The embodiment of the present application also provides a monitoring method of the monitoring system based on any of the above-mentioned embodiments, which comprises the following steps: step 100, step 200, step 300, step 400 and step 500.

[0147] In step 100, the controller 43 controls the signal transmitter 41 to send a first instruction to the ultrasonic device 2 at an interval of a first target time length.

[0148] The first target time length is a set value, which can be set according to the mass flow rate of the water inlet, and the signal transmitter 41 drives the ultrasonic device 2 to emit ultrasonic signals at an interval of the first target time length, so as to reduce the interference between the ultrasonic signals emitted by the two connected ultrasonic devices 2, thereby improving the high-precision monitoring of the cooling fluid flow pattern by the monitoring device.

[0149] The first instruction is used to drive the ultrasonic transmitter 211 of the ultrasonic device 2 to emit ultrasonic signals.

[0150] In step 200, the ultrasonic device 2 emits a plurality of ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 and generates a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals based on the first instruction.

[0151] The ultrasonic transmitter 211 emits ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 based on the first instruction, and the ultrasonic receiver 212 emits ultrasonic echo signals to the signal amplifier and filter 42 after receiving the ultrasonic signals.

[0152] In step 200, the ultrasonic device 2 emits ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 based on the first instruction, which comprises the following steps:

[0153] The plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 in the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups emit ultrasonic signals, and only one of the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 emits ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 at the same time, and the adjacent two ultrasonic signals are separated by a second target time length.

[0154] In this step, one of the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups emits ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 at the same time, and the adjacent two ultrasonic transceiver groups emit ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 at an interval of a second target time length.

[0155] In other words, the number of ultrasonic transceiver groups is consistent with the number of times of emitting ultrasonic signals, and the emission time interval of the adjacent two ultrasonic signals is a second target time length.

[0156] The second target time length is less than the first target time length, and the second target time length is a set value. The sum of N-1 second target time lengths used by the N groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups to emit N ultrasonic signals is not greater than the first target time length.

[0157] For example, the ultrasonic device 2 includes three groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups. After receiving the first instruction, the ultrasonic device 2 of the flow channel 121 emits three ultrasonic signals in succession, respectively detecting the flow patterns of the upper, middle and lower parts of the flow channel 121. The interval between two adjacent emitted ultrasonic signals is a second target time length, so that the emitted ultrasonic signals can be quickly emitted after the liquid medium conduction process, thereby reducing the interference between adjacent ultrasonic signals. After emitting an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic receiver 212 receives an ultrasonic reflection signal.

[0158] In step 300, the signal amplifier and filter 42 receives multiple ultrasonic echo signals and processes the multiple ultrasonic echo signals.

[0159] The signal amplifier and filter 42 amplifies the multiple ultrasonic echo signals and performs filtering and noise reduction processing.

[0160] The ultrasonic device 2 includes multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups, and the multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups are connected in parallel. Each group of ultrasonic transceiver groups includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212. The multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel, and the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel.

[0161] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected to the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211, and the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel and electrically connected to the signal transmitter 41, so that the signal transmitter can send a first instruction to the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211.

[0162] The signal amplifier and filter 42 is electrically connected to the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212, and the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel and electrically connected to the signal amplifier and filter 42, so that the signal amplifier and filter 42 can receive ultrasonic echo signals sent by the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212. The signal amplifier and filter 42 amplifies the multiple ultrasonic echo signals and performs filtering and noise reduction processing, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0163] In step 400, the controller 43 obtains the flow pattern of the flow channel 121 based on the processing result of the signal amplifier and filter 42.

[0164] The processing result of the signal amplifier and filter 42 relates to the flow condition and gas phase rate of the cooling liquid, so that the controller 43 can accurately distinguish the fluid state, especially in the judgment of the flow state.

[0165] The flow pattern in the flow channel 121 includes bubble, flowing liquid film, wave or mist.

[0166] If the calculated value of the gas phase rate shows a large range of fluctuations between two measurements (interval of the first target duration), it indicates that the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is in a fluctuating state; otherwise, the two signal fluctuations are small and the gas phase rate is relatively stable, which needs to be further judged.

[0167] Step 500, the controller 43 controls the working state of the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 based on the flow pattern.

[0168] The working state of the compressor 33 includes opening and closing, and the working state of the expansion valve 35 includes opening degree adjustment.

[0169] When the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is wave or mist, it indicates that the flow rate of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121 is insufficient, and the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 cannot match the required refrigeration capacity of the battery. The monitoring system will increase the inlet flow rate of the cold plate 10, which can be realized by adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve 35 by the controller 43. At this time, the controller 43 can dynamically adjust the speed of the compressor 33 to reduce the saturation temperature of the outlet of the cold plate 10, increase the superheat degree of the outlet, and thus ensure the safety and stability of the system.

[0170] When the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is bubble or flowing liquid film, the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 matches the required refrigeration capacity of the battery, and the controller 43 controls the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 to maintain the working state at the previous time.

[0171] In step 500, the controller 43 controls the working state of the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 based on the flow pattern, including:

[0172] In the case where the difference between the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter 42 at adjacent two times is greater than the first threshold value, the controller 43 controls the compressor 33 to work at the first speed, and controls the expansion valve 35 to open at the first opening degree.

[0173] Through the judgment of the signal amplifier and filter 42 on the plurality of ultrasonic echo signals, the gas phase rate of the fluid can be obtained, and the volatility of the signal can be further analyzed.

[0174] The processing result of the signal amplifier and filter 42 is the gas phase rate, the first threshold value is the difference between the adjacent two gas phase rates, and the first threshold value can be a set value.

[0175] In the above step, the difference between the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter 42 in two adjacent times is greater than the first threshold value, that is, the calculated values of the gas phase rate in two adjacent times of the signal amplifier and filter 42 at intervals of the first target time length show a large range of fluctuations, indicating that the flow pattern in the flow passage 121 is in a fluctuation state, and the controller 43 will increase the inlet flow rate by adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve 35. At this time, the controller 43 will dynamically adjust the rotating speed of the compressor 33 accordingly to reduce the saturation temperature at the outlet and increase the outlet superheat degree, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0176] In the case that the difference between the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter 42 in two adjacent times is not greater than the first threshold value, that is, the calculated values of the gas phase rate in two adjacent times of the signal amplifier and filter 42 at intervals of the first target time length fluctuate less, indicating that the gas phase rate is relatively stable, the following judgment needs to be made.

[0177] In the case that the difference between the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter 42 in two adjacent times is not greater than the first threshold value, and the processing result of the signal amplifier and filter 42 is greater than the second threshold value, the controller 43 controls the compressor 33 to work at the second rotating speed and controls the expansion valve 35 to open at the second opening degree.

[0178] In this step, in the case that the difference between the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter 42 in two adjacent times is not greater than the first threshold value, that is, the calculated values of the gas phase rate in two adjacent times of the signal amplifier and filter 42 at intervals of the first target time length fluctuate less, indicating that the gas phase rate is relatively stable, the processing result of the signal amplifier and filter 42 is compared with the second threshold value, in the case that the processing result of the signal amplifier and filter 42 is not greater than the second threshold value, it is indicated that the flow pattern is bubble flow or flowing liquid film flow, without distinguishing between fine bubble flow, gas plug flow, gas bomb flow or flowing liquid film flow, and it is judged that the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 do not need to be regulated; in the case that the processing result of the signal amplifier and filter 42 is greater than the second threshold value, it is considered that the flow pattern is mist flow, and it is judged that regulation is needed, at this time, the controller 43 will dynamically adjust the rotating speed of the compressor 33 accordingly to reduce the saturation temperature at the outlet and increase the outlet superheat degree, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0179] The first rotating speed and the second rotating speed are both preset values, which can be the same or different.

[0180] The second threshold value a1 represents the liquid phase volume fraction (1-a1) of the cooling liquid in this region, which is lower than the requirement of the flowing liquid film, at which the wall surface reaches the critical heat flux in the pipe, also known as the dry-out region in the literature. In order to accurately calculate the second threshold value a1, the performance of the cooling liquid (such as R134a or R1234yf) in the current battery device product straight cooling plate can be tested in the laboratory. Specifically, the critical heat flux of forced boiling in the pipe under constant heat flux conditions is tested, and then the dryness (gas phase mass flow ratio) at this time is back calculated through the critical heat flux formula or the saturated steam heat exchange formula, and then converted into the gas phase volume ratio a1. a1 is mainly affected by the heat generation rate of the battery, the pipe diameter of the straight cooling plate, and the mass flow rate in the pipe. For the fast charging condition of the battery device, the value is generally between 0.7 and 0.9.

[0181] The monitoring method provided by the application is described below with reference to a specific process.

[0182] The ultrasonic device 2 includes three groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups, and the multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups are distributed along the height direction of the flow channel 121.

[0183] The signal amplifier and filter 42 can obtain the gas phase rate of the cooling liquid in the flow channel 121 by judging the three pairs of ultrasonic echo signals sent by the ultrasonic transceiver groups, and further analyze the volatility of the ultrasonic echo signals.

[0184] In the case where the calculated value of the gas phase rate shows a large range of fluctuations in two measurements (with a first target time interval), it indicates that the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is in a fluctuating state, indicating that the flow is insufficient, and the controller 43 determines that the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 need to be regulated.

[0185] In the case where the calculated value of the gas phase rate shows a small fluctuation and the gas phase rate is relatively stable in two measurements (with a first target time interval), and the monitoring result of the signal amplifier and filter 42 shows that the gas phase rate is lower than the second threshold value a1, it indicates that the flow pattern is bubble-like or flowing liquid film-like flow, without distinguishing between fine bubble flow, gas plug flow, gas elastic flow or flowing liquid film-like flow, and it is determined that the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 do not need to be regulated.

[0186] In the case where the calculated value of the gas phase rate shows a small fluctuation and the gas phase rate is relatively stable in two measurements (with a first target time interval), and the monitoring result of the signal amplifier and filter 42 shows that the gas phase rate is higher than the second threshold value a1, it is considered that the flow pattern is mist flow, and the controller 43 determines that the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 need to be regulated.

[0187] In terms of flow regulation, if the flow pattern monitored by any flow channel 121 is wavy or misty, it indicates that the flow is insufficient. This is usually due to the heating power of the battery increasing because the charging and discharging current is high, causing the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 to be unable to match the required refrigeration capacity. Therefore, the monitoring system will increase the inlet flow of the cold plate 10, which can be achieved by adjusting the opening of the expansion valve 35 by the controller 43. At this time, the controller 43 can dynamically adjust the speed of the compressor 33 accordingly to reduce the saturation temperature of the outlet of the cold plate 10, increase the superheat of the outlet, and thus ensure the safety and stability of the system.

[0188] According to the monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the flow channel 121 in the cold plate 10 can be effectively improved to be in a locally overheated state for a long time due to insufficient liquid phase. As the heating power of the battery decreases, the refrigeration power of the cold plate 10 and the pressure drop of the inlet and outlet of the cold plate 10 also decrease, thereby improving the efficiency of the refrigeration of the cold plate 10 and providing a strong guarantee for the safe operation of the battery device.

[0189] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of a kind and are not limited to the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0190] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0191] In the description of the present application, "first feature" and "second feature" can include one or more features.

[0192] In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0193] In the description of the application, the first feature is "above" or "below" the second feature can include the first and second features are in direct contact, but also can include the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them.

[0194] In the description of the application, the first feature is "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher than the second feature in height.

[0195] In the description of the application, the description of the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the description of the application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0196] Although the embodiments of the application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the application, and the scope of the application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A monitoring system, characterized in that, include: A compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a cold plate are connected in sequence. The cold plate includes an ultrasonic device, which includes an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. A signal transmitter is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter; The signal amplification and filtering are electrically connected to the ultrasonic receiver. The controller is electrically connected to the signal transmitter, the signal amplifier and filter, the compressor, and the expansion valve, respectively. The cold plate also includes a cold plate body, forming a flow channel for the flow of coolant; The ultrasonic device is installed in the flow channel to monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel; The ultrasonic device includes: Multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups are distributed at intervals along the height direction of the flow channel.

2. The monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. The ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are arranged opposite each other along the width direction of the flow channel, and the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver in the same group are located at the same height.

3. The monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ultrasonic device also includes: The mounting base includes mounting portions that extend along the height direction of the flow channel and are disposed on both sides of the flow channel along the width direction. The ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are respectively disposed on the two mounting portions.

4. The monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cold plate body has an opening, and the opening is connected to the flow channel; The mounting base further includes a connecting portion, which is disposed at the opening to close the opening, and the mounting portion is disposed on both sides of the connecting portion along the width direction of the flow channel.

5. The monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The flow channel includes multiple groups, each group including at least one branch flow channel, and at least one of the branch flow channels in each group is equipped with the ultrasonic device.

6. The monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic device includes multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups, each of which includes an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. The signal transmitter is electrically connected to each of the multiple ultrasonic transmitters; The signal amplification and filter are electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic receivers respectively.

7. A monitoring method based on the monitoring system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, include: The controller controls the signal transmitter to send a first command to the ultrasonic device at intervals equal to the first target duration. The ultrasonic device emits multiple ultrasonic signals into the flow channel and generates multiple ultrasonic echo signals based on the first command. The signal amplification and filtering system receives the plurality of ultrasonic echo signals and processes them. The controller obtains the flow pattern of the flow channel based on the processing results of the signal amplification and filtering; The controller controls the operating status of the compressor and expansion valve based on the flow pattern.

8. The monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ultrasonic device, based on the first command, transmits multiple ultrasonic signals to the flow channel and generates multiple ultrasonic echo signals, including: Multiple ultrasonic transmitters in multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups emit ultrasonic signals, and at the same time, only one of the multiple ultrasonic transmitters emits an ultrasonic signal into the flow channel, with the interval between two adjacent ultrasonic signals being the second target time.

9. The monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The controller, based on the flow pattern, controls the operating state of the compressor and expansion valve, including: If the difference between two consecutive processing results of the signal amplification and filtering is greater than a first threshold, the controller controls the compressor to operate at a first speed and controls the expansion valve to open at a first degree. If the difference between two consecutive processing results of the signal amplification and filtering is not greater than the first threshold, and the processing result of the signal amplification and filtering is greater than the second threshold, the controller controls the compressor to operate at the second speed and controls the expansion valve to open at the second opening degree.

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