Friction nanometer generator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction nanometer power generation, in particular to a friction nanometer power generator used for collecting low-frequency vibration energy. The friction nanometer generator comprises a shell and a swing part. A plurality of first friction strips are installed on the inner side of one end of the shell at equal intervals, and a first magnet is installed on the outer side of the shell. The swing part comprises a second magnet, a mounting plate and a plurality of second friction strips. The second friction strips and the second magnets are arranged at the two ends of the mounting plate respectively, and the second friction strips are mounted on the mounting plate at equal intervals and face the first friction strips. In the swinging process of the swinging piece, any second friction strip makes contact with one first friction strip and is matched with the first friction strip to form a set of friction pieces, and every two adjacent sets of friction pieces do not make contact with each other. The swinging piece swings in the shell, so that synchronous friction repeatedly occurs between the second friction strip and the first friction strip, efficient conversion of low-frequency vibration energy is improved, and the technical problem that in the prior art, when a friction nanometer generator collects the low-frequency vibration energy, the collection efficiency is low is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of friction nano power generation, and in particular to a friction nano generator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy. Background Art

[0002] Fossil energy is a hydrocarbon or its derivatives. It is a primary energy source that comes from the fossil deposits of ancient organisms. The natural resources contained in fossil energy are coal, oil and natural gas. As an important material basis for human survival and development, fossil energy such as coal, oil and natural gas has supported the progress of human civilization and economic and social development for nearly 200 years from the 19th to the 20th century. However, the non-renewable nature of fossil energy and the huge consumption of it by humans have led to the gradual depletion of fossil energy. On the other hand, the use of fossil energy will generate a large amount of greenhouse gas CO 2 , and some polluted smoke may be produced, which will pollute the environment. Therefore, the development of cleaner renewable energy is the future development direction. Among them, ocean energy is being developed and utilized as a renewable resource with huge energy. In the process of developing and utilizing ocean energy, it is found that the volume of low-frequency vibration energy with high chaos degree everywhere in the ocean is also very large. In order to collect and utilize these scattered low-quality energies, people invented friction nanogenerators. Existing friction nanogenerators can be divided into: vertical contact-separation mode, horizontal sliding mode, single electrode mode and independent layer mode according to their working modes. Most of the current related research focuses on innovation around these four types of friction nanogenerators.

[0003] However, these types of generators still have some problems when collecting energy to supply actual loads: traditional friction nanogenerators are based on in-situ contact. Due to their limited volume and the fact that the improvement in their output performance is not proportional to the increase in volume, the friction nanogenerator cannot output a lot of energy in a limited space. If the output performance is improved by increasing the volume, a large space needs to be increased to improve the output performance of a small part of the friction nanogenerator, which will lead to serious waste of space. In addition, the existing friction nanogenerators generally contain multiple power generation units, and the power generation volume of a single power generation unit is too small, so it is necessary to install a rectifier bridge circuit on each power generation unit to realize the utilization of electrical energy, which results in the entire friction nanogenerator containing multiple rectifier bridges. Although this friction nanogenerator with multiple rectifier bridges can provide a more stable output voltage, its power loss will also increase accordingly, resulting in low utilization efficiency of the collected energy. The friction nanogenerator with multiple rectifier bridge circuits has a relatively complex structure, which will increase the difficulty of later maintenance and troubleshooting. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem of low collection efficiency of various types of friction nanogenerators in the prior art when collecting low-frequency vibration energy, the present invention provides a friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy, which is used to collect low-frequency vibration energy; the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy comprises a shell with a cover and a swinging member, the cover is installed at one end of the shell, and a sealed cavity is formed between the cover and the shell; a plurality of friction strips are installed on the bottom of the shell away from the cover, and a magnet is installed on the outer side of the bottom of the shell;

[0006] The swinging member is suspended in the sealed cavity, and the swinging member includes a magnet 2 and a plurality of friction strips 2. The magnet 2 is arranged opposite to the magnet 1, and the two surfaces opposite to the magnet 1 have the same magnetic properties. The plurality of friction strips 2 are arrayed and distributed on the magnet 2 at one end close to the magnet 1, and the distance between each two adjacent friction strips 2 is equal. The array distribution of the friction strips 1 at the bottom of the shell is the same as the array distribution of the friction strips 2 on the magnet 2. The distance between two adjacent friction strips 1 is greater than the width of the cross section of the friction strip 2. Any one of the friction strips 2 will contact with one of the friction strips 1 and slide relative to each other to generate current.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the friction strip 1 and the friction strip 2 are both long cylindrical structures with equal diameters; the center distance between two adjacent friction strips 2 is greater than twice the diameter of the friction strip 1.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of the friction strips 2 are distributed in a honeycomb array on the mounting plate; and a plurality of the friction strips 1 are distributed in a honeycomb array on the bottom of the shell.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the friction strip one includes electrode one and dielectric layer one wrapped around the outer surface of electrode one; the friction strip two includes electrode two and dielectric layer two wrapped around the outer surface of electrode two; there is a difference in electronegativity between dielectric layer two and dielectric layer one.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrode 1 and the electrode 2 are both copper electrodes.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy also includes a rectifier bridge circuit; each of the electrode one is led out through a wire one, and multiple wires one are connected in parallel and then connected to one end of the rectifier bridge circuit; each of the electrode two is led out through a wire two, and multiple wires two are connected in parallel and then connected to the other end of the rectifier bridge circuit; the friction nanogenerator outputs direct current to the outside through the rectifier bridge circuit.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cover and the shell are detachable structures, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the cover and the shell.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a mounting plate may be provided between the second magnet and the second friction strip, the second magnet is fixed on the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fixed on a side of the second magnet close to the first magnet.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the shell includes a base and a cylindrical shell, the base is fixed to one end of the cylindrical shell, a plurality of friction strips are installed on the base at equal intervals, a mounting groove is provided on the side of the base away from the friction strip, and the magnet is fixedly installed in the mounting groove.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second magnet is a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the second magnet is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical shell.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of slots are provided on the side of the base facing the cover, each friction strip is fixed to the base via the slot, and a mounting groove is provided on the side of the base away from the friction strip, and the magnet is fixedly installed in the mounting groove.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of slots 2 are provided at one end of the magnet 2 on the mounting plate, and each of the friction strips 2 is fixed to the mounting plate via the slots 2.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the shell and the cover are both made by 3D printing.

[0019] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention is provided with a swinging member. Under the dual effects of magnetic force and collision of the shell, the swinging member can perform multiple irregular movements in the cavity to amplify the low-frequency and low-amplitude disturbance. At the same time, the multiple irregular movements can achieve repeated synchronous friction between the friction strip 2 and the friction strip 1 when the swinging member swings, thereby realizing the conversion of low-frequency vibration energy into electrical energy. Therefore, under continuous low-frequency disturbance, the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention can realize continuous output of current, realize the improvement of efficient conversion of low-frequency vibration energy, and effectively solve the technical problem of low collection efficiency of the friction nanogenerator in the prior art when collecting low-frequency vibration energy.

[0021] (2) The friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention has multiple friction strips 1 and 2 that can form multiple groups of friction parts. When forming multiple groups of friction parts, the pairing between the multiple friction strips 1 and 2 is random. This random pairing can ensure that the assembled friction parts can collect disturbances from all directions, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the assembled friction nanogenerator. And the friction strips 1 and 2 in the multiple groups of friction parts are synchronously rubbed, so the currents generated in the two groups of friction parts will not be offset. Therefore, through the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention, it only needs to select a rectifier bridge circuit to realize the collection of low-frequency vibration energy. In addition, since the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy in the present invention only needs one rectifier bridge circuit, it can effectively solve the problem that the existing friction nanogenerator needs to add a rectifier bridge circuit to each power generation unit, resulting in a complex structure of the entire friction nanogenerator and difficult troubleshooting. At the same time, it can also solve the problem of large power loss caused by the friction nanogenerator with multiple rectifier bridge circuits in the prior art, thereby improving the collection efficiency of low-frequency vibration energy.

[0022] (3) The friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention has a swinging member that swings multiple times in the cavity when disturbed by the outside world. Each time it swings, the friction strip 2 contacts the friction strip and generates electricity, and the friction strips 2 and 1 of each group of friction members rub synchronously. The synergistic effect of the swinging member swinging multiple times in the cavity and the friction strips 1 and 2 in each group of friction members rubbing synchronously can further improve the power generation efficiency of the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention, thereby realizing efficient collection and utilization of low-frequency vibration energy.

[0023] (4) The friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention repel each other through the same-name magnetic poles of magnet 1 and magnet 2, so that the entire swinging member is suspended in the shell. This structure suspended by magnetic force ensures that the movement direction of the swinging member can be controlled to be conducive to power generation, and can reduce the resistance of the swinging member during the swinging process, thereby realizing the efficient conversion of low-frequency vibration energy by the swinging of the swinging member in the cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention for collecting low-frequency vibration energy.

[0025] Figure 2 A three-dimensional image of the friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention for collecting low-frequency vibration energy at another angle.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an explosion of a friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a plurality of electrodes 1 and a plurality of electrodes 2 provided by the present invention being respectively connected to a rectifier bridge circuit.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the friction strip 1 and the friction strip 2 in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 The following is a table of materials that can be selected for the dielectric layer 1 and the dielectric layer 2 in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the multiple friction strips 2 facing the multiple friction strips 1 respectively in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the friction strip 2 when it is about to come into contact with the friction strip 1 in the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of various stages of the friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention for collecting low-frequency vibration energy when collecting low-frequency vibration energy for power generation.

[0033] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of (1).

[0034] Fig.11 For the present invention Fig. 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of (2).

[0035] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig. 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of (3).

[0036] Fig.13 For the present invention Fig. 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of (4).

[0037] Fig.14 For the present invention Fig. 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of (5).

[0038] The markings in the figure are: 1. Shell; 11. Friction strip 1; 111. Electrode 1; 112. Dielectric layer 1; 12. Magnet 1; 2. Swinging piece; 21. Magnet 2; 22. Mounting plate; 23. Friction strip 2; 231. Electrode 2; 232. Dielectric layer 2; 3. Rectifier bridge circuit; 4. Cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that for directional words, such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating directions and positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and cannot be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. The terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of the present invention and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0041] This embodiment provides a friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it comprises a housing 1, a swinging member 2 and a cover 4. The housing 1 is a structure with an opening at one end. The cover 4 is detachably mounted on the end of the housing 1 with the opening. A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the cover 4 and the housing 1, and the sealing ring is used to improve the sealing between the cover 4 and the housing 1. The cover 4 and the housing 1 are able to enclose a sealed cavity, and the swinging member 2 is suspended in the sealed cavity.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The housing 1 includes a base and a cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell is fixed to one end of the base. The cylindrical shell and the base are surrounded by a housing 1 with an open structure at one end. A plurality of friction strips 11 are installed at equal intervals on one side of the cylindrical shell on the base, and the plurality of friction strips 11 can be arranged in a honeycomb structure on the base. A mounting groove is provided on one side of the base away from the friction strip 11, and a magnet 12 is fixedly installed in the mounting groove.

[0043] It is understandable that the cover 4 and the housing 1 can be respectively manufactured by one-step molding through 3D printing technology.

[0044] In this embodiment, the base and the cylindrical shell can be made of insulating materials. The cover 4 is also made of insulating materials.

[0045] The bottom plate may be a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical shell may be a cylindrical ring structure with openings at both ends.

[0046] It can be understood that a plurality of slots 1 are provided on one side of the base where the friction strip 11 is installed, and the number of the slots 1 may be the same as the number of the friction strips 11, and each friction strip 11 is plugged into the base through the slot 1.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 3 , the swing member 2 includes a magnet 21, a mounting plate 22 and a plurality of friction strips 23. The mounting plate 22 may be made of insulating material. The plurality of friction strips 23 are installed at equal intervals on the first end of the mounting plate 22. The plurality of friction strips 23 may be arranged in a honeycomb structure on the mounting plate 22. The plurality of friction strips 23 face the plurality of friction strips 11 respectively, and the magnet 21 is fixedly installed on the second end of the mounting plate 22. The interval between two adjacent friction strips 11 is equal to the interval between two adjacent friction strips 11. The magnet 21 is arranged above the magnet 12 and the magnet 21 and the magnet 12 have the same magnetic properties on the two opposite surfaces. In this embodiment, the entire swing member 2 is suspended in the housing 1 by the mutual repulsion of the same magnetic poles of the magnet 12 and the magnet 21. This structure suspended by magnetic force ensures that the movement direction of the swing member 2 can be controlled to be conducive to power generation, and can reduce the resistance of the swing member 2 during the swinging process, thereby realizing the efficient conversion of low-frequency vibration energy by the swinging of the swing member 2 in the sealed cavity.

[0048] A plurality of slots 2 are disposed at the first end of the mounting plate 22 , and each friction strip 23 is fixed to the mounting plate 22 via the slots 2 respectively.

[0049] In addition, in this embodiment, by setting the swinging member 2, the swinging member 2 can perform multiple irregular movements in the sealed cavity under the dual effects of magnetic force and collision of the shell 1, so as to amplify the low-frequency and low-amplitude disturbance. At the same time, multiple irregular movements can achieve repeated synchronous friction between the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11, thereby realizing the conversion of low-frequency vibration energy into electrical energy. Therefore, under continuous low-frequency disturbance, the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention can achieve continuous output of current.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 3 , the number of friction strips 23 is the same as the number of friction strips 1 11. Both friction strips 1 11 and friction strips 2 23 are long cylindrical structures. The cylindrical structure ensures that the relative friction between friction strips 1 11 and friction strips 2 23 is completely equal no matter which direction the swinging member 2 swings in the sealed cavity, thereby ensuring that the friction between multiple groups of friction members is synchronized. Both friction strips 1 11 and friction strips 2 23 are long strip structures. The long strip structure can increase the contact area between friction strips 1 11 and friction strips 2 23, that is, increase the friction area between friction strips 1 11 and friction strips 2 23, thereby improving the utilization of space and achieving improved power generation efficiency in a limited space.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 , the structure and size of magnet 21 and mounting plate 22 are the same, and in the vertical direction, the bottom area of ​​magnet 12 is smaller than the bottom area of ​​the base, so that under the repulsive force between magnet 12 and magnet 21, the swing member 2 is completely suspended in the shell 1, and at the same time, because the bottom area of ​​magnet 12 is smaller than the bottom area of ​​the base, when the friction nanogenerator used to collect low-frequency vibration energy is disturbed by the outside world, the swing member 2 can swing in the shell 1 along the horizontal direction. Therefore, when there is a disturbance in the outside world, the swing member 2 will swing in the sealed cavity. At the same time, due to the interaction between magnet 12 and magnet 21, the swing member 2 will finally maintain balance after multiple swings in the sealed cavity.

[0052] In the actual design process, the height of the second magnet 21 suspended in the sealed cavity needs to be greater than the length of the longest friction strip 11 and the second friction strip 23. That is, if the length of the first friction strip 11 is greater than the length of the second friction strip 23, the height of the second magnet 21 suspended in the sealed cavity needs to be greater than the length of the first friction strip 11. If the length of the first friction strip 11 is less than the length of the second friction strip 23, the height of the second magnet 21 suspended in the sealed cavity needs to be greater than the length of the second friction strip 23.

[0053] The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy may also include a rectifier bridge circuit. Figure 4, wherein the electrode 111 of the friction strip 11 in each group of friction parts can be respectively led out through the wire 1, and the electrode 231 of the friction strip 23 can be led out through the wire 2. A plurality of wires 1 can be connected in parallel and then connected to one end of the rectifier bridge circuit, and a plurality of wires 2 can be connected in parallel and then connected to the other end of the rectifier bridge circuit. The friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy can continuously output direct current to the outside through the rectifier bridge circuit. Since the friction strips 11 and the friction strips 23 in the multiple groups of friction parts in the present invention are synchronously rubbed, the currents generated in the two groups of friction parts will not be offset. Therefore, through the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention, it only needs to select a rectifier bridge circuit to realize the collection of low-frequency vibration energy. Among them, the bearing capacity of each device in the selected rectifier bridge circuit needs to meet the power generation demand of the entire friction nanogenerator. In addition, since the friction nanogenerator used to collect low-frequency vibration energy in the present invention only needs one rectifier bridge circuit, it can effectively solve the problem that the existing friction nanogenerator needs to add a rectifier bridge circuit to each power generation unit, resulting in a complex structure and difficult troubleshooting of the entire friction nanogenerator. At the same time, it can also solve the problem of large power loss caused by the friction nanogenerator with multiple rectifier bridge circuits in the prior art, thereby improving the collection efficiency of low-frequency vibration energy.

[0054] It is understandable that the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy can be used by fixing the base in practical applications. Therefore, when the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy is subjected to a small disturbance, the entirety of the generator will swing. Since the swing member 2 is suspended and installed in the sealed cavity, under the inertia and the repulsive force between the magnet 1 12 and the magnet 2 21, the movement of the swing member 2 and the reaching of re-balance are both lagged behind the base. Therefore, before the swing member 2 reaches a stable balance, the swing member 2 moves irregularly in the horizontal direction in the sealed cavity under the repulsive force between the magnet 1 12 and the magnet 2 21 and the collision of the cylindrical shell, and the swing member 2 will amplify the low-frequency and low-amplitude disturbance.

[0055] When the swinging member 2 swings in the horizontal direction in the housing 1, any friction strip 2 23 will only contact one of the friction strips 1 11 and pair up to form a group of friction parts. Multiple friction strips 2 23 can form multiple groups of friction parts with multiple friction strips 1 1 and there is no contact between two adjacent groups of friction parts. Through this setting, the friction strips 1 11 and the friction strips 2 23 in the friction nanogenerator can form multiple groups of friction parts to generate electricity, thereby improving its power generation efficiency. At the same time, there is no contact between two adjacent groups of friction parts, so that when the friction nanogenerator generates electricity, the friction power generation between each group of friction parts is independent of each other, and there will be no current cancellation. The friction strips 2 23 and the friction strips 1 11 on each group of friction parts are rubbed synchronously. The advantage of synchronous friction is that multiple groups of friction parts are kept in a consistent state when friction occurs, so the current generated by friction will not cancel each other out, thereby reducing the power loss in the power generation process and improving the power generation efficiency. In addition, when the swinging member 2 is disturbed by the outside world, it will move horizontally in the sealed cavity, and this movement is multiple times. That is to say, when the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention is subjected to external disturbance, the swinging member 2 will swing multiple times in the horizontal direction in the sealed cavity, and each time it swings, the multiple friction strips 2 23 on the swinging member 2 will respectively form multiple groups of friction parts with the multiple friction strips 1 11 on the base, and the multiple groups of friction parts will generate electrical energy through friction. Therefore, by converting the external disturbance into multiple swings of the swinging member 2, the friction strips 1 11 and the friction strips 2 23 in the multiple groups of friction parts of the present invention can be repeatedly and synchronously rubbed. The essence of repeated synchronous friction is to increase the power generation efficiency of the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy in the present invention in a limited space. Therefore, in this embodiment, through the synergistic effect of the multiple swings of the swinging member 2 in the sealed cavity and the synchronous friction between the friction strips 1 11 and the friction strips 2 23 in each group of friction parts, the power generation efficiency of the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy in the present invention can be further improved, thereby realizing the efficient collection and utilization of low-frequency vibration energy. Although the friction interface of the single-electrode friction nanogenerator in the prior art is also non-in-situ contact, the friction is one-time, has high environmental requirements, wastes space resources seriously, and has randomness and uncertainty in the power generation time. The friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy in the present invention places the swinging member 2 in the housing 1 and through the joint action of the magnetic force between the magnet 12 and the magnet 21, the friction strip 11 and the friction strip 2 23 can be cyclically paired, contacted, slid and rubbed, and generate electricity in a limited space. Through this process, some low-frequency vibration energy can be collected in a limited space, thereby improving the collection efficiency.

[0056] It is understandable that when the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention is disturbed by external factors, the swinging member 2 will move disorderly in the horizontal direction in the sealed cavity. Therefore, during the swinging of the swinging member 2, the pairing order between the friction strip 23 located on the mounting plate 22 and the friction strip 11 located on the base is random. This random matching can ensure that disturbances from all directions are efficiently collected, thereby improving the collection efficiency of low-frequency vibration energy. In the prior art, each friction unit is two fixed friction blocks, and when rubbing, the friction blocks of two adjacent friction units are independent of each other, and the friction surface of each unit is unidirectional. If you want to collect energy in all directions, you need to place each unit in different directions, which will make the working state of each friction unit different, so you need to install a lot of rectifiers, resulting in a large loss of electric energy. And if you only receive disturbances in a certain direction, only the friction unit in the corresponding direction will work, so the power generation efficiency of the existing friction nanogenerator is low. The friction strips 11 and 12 of the friction nanogenerator of the present invention are both long cylindrical structures, which can well collect disturbances in all directions, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the friction nanogenerator. In addition, the friction nanogenerator of this embodiment, relative to the rolling friction nanogenerator in the prior art, can collect and transform irregular disordered energy, which must rotate like an electromagnetic generator to generate electricity, thereby improving the practicality of the friction nanogenerator of this embodiment. Furthermore, the multiple groups of friction parts composed of multiple friction strips 23 and multiple friction strips 11 in the present invention, the movements between the multiple groups of friction parts are synchronized with each other, thereby avoiding the loss of rectification and improving the transmission efficiency. In addition, this random pairing can also increase the number of groups of successfully paired friction parts when the swinging member 2 swings, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the friction nanogenerator. During the random pairing process, each friction strip 23 will only contact one of the friction strips 11. Therefore, for each group of friction parts, the friction frequency and intensity generated in the process of friction power generation are equal, so in theory, as the number of friction strips increases (i.e., friction strip one 11 and friction strip two 23 are increased in pairs), the electric energy output by the entire friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy also increases linearly with the increase in the number of friction strips. Therefore, the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy in the present invention is more suitable for enlarging the volume for use compared with the friction nanogenerator for transmission, because its output electric energy is linearly related to the enlarged volume. This solves the problem in the prior art that the output electric energy is not proportional to the increased volume, which results in the failure to effectively increase the output electric energy of the friction nanogenerator by increasing the volume.

[0057] When the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention is disturbed by the outside world, the swinging member 2 will move disorderly in the horizontal direction in the sealed cavity. During the movement of the swinging member 2, each friction strip 11 and each friction strip 2 23 can be paired with each other, and the cycle of contact, sliding and separation can be carried out. Specifically, first, each friction strip 11 will be paired with one of the friction strips 2 23, and the successfully paired friction strips 11 and friction strips 2 23 can form a group of friction parts, and the friction strips 11 and friction strips 2 23 that constitute the friction parts will contact each other and slide against each other. Multiple friction strips 11 and multiple friction strips 2 23 thus form multiple groups of friction parts. During the sliding process, the friction strips 1 11 and friction strips 2 23 in each group of friction parts will generate electrical energy. And because the swinging member 2 in the present invention will swing multiple times in the sealed cavity, the friction strip 1 11 and the friction strip 2 23 that are in contact with each other will also separate after sliding. The swinging member 2 after separation will again perform the process of mutual pairing, contact, sliding, and separation under the action of the force between the magnet 12 and the magnet 2 21 and the collision with the housing 1. By continuously circulating this process, the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention can continuously generate and output friction current, and the output current is then supplied to the external load through the rectifier circuit, thereby realizing the conversion of external low-frequency vibration energy into electrical energy for utilization. Since there is no contact between the two adjacent groups of friction members in the present invention, the friction power generation of each group of friction members is independent of each other, and the friction frequency and intensity generated by each group of friction members during friction are equal, thereby ensuring the synchronization of each friction strip 1 11 and each friction strip 2 23 on the multiple groups of friction members during friction power generation. Based on the synchronization of the multiple groups of friction members in the process of friction power generation, the current generated by each friction member will not be offset, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy in the present invention. In addition, since the friction power generation between multiple friction parts is synchronized, only one rectifier bridge circuit needs to be set up in the present invention to collect the electric energy generated by each friction part. While ensuring the effective collection of low-frequency vibration energy, the number of rectifier bridge circuits will not be increased too much, which simplifies the structure of the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy of the present invention, and effectively solves the problem in the prior art that the structure of the friction nanogenerator is complicated due to the need to add multiple rectifier bridge circuits, resulting in difficulty in troubleshooting when a friction nanogenerator fails.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 5 The friction strip 11 includes an electrode 111 and a dielectric layer 112 on the outer surface of the electrode 111. The electrode 111 can be a copper electrode. The dielectric layer 112 can be a PVDF film. The PVDF film can be attached to the outer surface of the electrode 111.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 5 The friction strip 23 includes an electrode 231 and a dielectric layer 232. The electrode 111 can be a copper electrode, and the dielectric layer 232 can be flexible nylon, which is wrapped around the outer surface of the electrode 231. The dielectric layer 232 and the dielectric layer 112 have different electronegativity.

[0060] It is understandable that the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 can also be made of other materials. The specific materials can be referred to below. Figure 6 , where Table 1.1 is the triboelectric sequence of common materials, which can indicate the strength of these materials' ability to gain or lose electrons. Among them, the material with sequence number 1 is most likely to lose electrons, and the material with sequence number 30 is most likely to gain electrons. In the actual selection process, two materials with a large sequence number interval can be selected first, so as to ensure the power generation efficiency of the assembled friction parts.

[0061] It can be understood that both the friction strip 11 and the friction strip 23 adopt a core-wrapped electrode structure, which facilitates the generation, transfer and extraction of induced charges.

[0062] In actual application, in order to facilitate the production of the entire friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy, the electrode 111 (i.e., copper electrode) in the friction strip 11 and the electrode 231 (i.e., copper electrode) in the friction strip 23 can be designed as long cylindrical structures with the same diameter.

[0063] During the design process, if the friction strips 11 on the base are distributed more sparsely, the friction strips 23 will not be stuck when passing through two friction strips 11 when the swinging member 2 swings. However, if the friction strips 11 are too sparse, the friction strips 23 will not be able to be successfully paired with the friction strips 11 when swinging, and the failure to be successfully paired means that no electrical energy will be generated through mutual friction.

[0064] Therefore, in the actual design process, the distance between the centers of two adjacent friction strips 11 is greater than 2 times the diameter of the friction strip 1. The purpose of this design can refer to the following inference: Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The inventors found that if it is necessary to ensure that any friction strip 23 only contacts one of the friction strips 11, there will be a coefficient k for the contact between the two. Wherein, a is the diameter of the friction strip 11 , and b is the center distance between two adjacent friction strips 11 .

[0065] Since the diameters of the electrode 111 in the friction strip 11 and the electrode 231 in the friction strip 23 are the same in actual design in this application, and the thicknesses of the PVDF film wrapped around the outside of the electrode 111 and the flexible nylon wrapped around the outside of the electrode 231 are very thin and can be ignored, the diameter of the friction strip 11 can be directly replaced by the diameter of the electrode 111 in the present invention, and the diameter of the friction strip 23 can be replaced by the diameter of the electrode 231.

[0066] Because in this embodiment, it is necessary to ensure that the friction strip 23 will not get stuck when swinging, and the probability of failure in matching between the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 is relatively low. Therefore, the distance between two adjacent friction strips 11 cannot be too large or too small. Therefore, in the present invention, please refer to Figure 8 , when b=2a, when the friction strip 23 passes between the two friction strips 11, the friction strip 23 will contact the two friction strips 11 at the same time, and the friction strip 23 is easily stuck by the two friction strips 11. Therefore, it is necessary to set b>2a, that is, when the friction strip 23 passes between the two friction strips 11, it will not be stuck, and as long as the friction strip 23 swings, it will easily come into contact with the friction strip 11. Therefore, in this embodiment, k needs to be greater than 50%. At the same time, the inventor also found out from multiple experiments that when the center distance b between the two friction strips is set to b=3a, this setting can ensure that the friction strip 23 will not be stuck by the two adjacent friction strips 11 when swinging, and at the same time, the probability of the friction strip 23 pairing with the friction strip 11 when swinging will not be very low due to the excessive distance between the two friction strips 11. Thus, the limitation of k being greater than 33.3% is obtained.

[0067] Therefore, in the design process of this embodiment, k needs to meet the following condition: 33.3%<k<50%. By limiting the coefficient in this way, it can be ensured that any friction strip 2 23 only contacts one of the friction strips 1 11 during the swinging process of the swinging member 2 in the sealing chamber, and at the same time, the friction strips 1 11 are not too sparse to cause a low matching rate between the friction strips 2 23 and the friction strips 1 11.

[0068] In summary, in this embodiment, the appropriate value range of k is between 33.3% and 50%.

[0069] The following is a detailed description of the process of how any set of friction parts achieves frictional power generation.

[0070] Please refer to Figures 9 to 14 The friction parts conduct triboelectric power generation in the following five stages. Fig. 9 (1) and Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the first stage. Fig. 9 (2) and Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the second stage. Fig. 9 (3) and Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the third stage. Fig. 9 (4) and Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth stage. Fig. 9 (5) and Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth stage.

[0071] The five stages are described in detail below:

[0072] Phase 1

[0073] Please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In this embodiment, the state when the friction strip 11 and the friction strip 23 are not in contact with each other is defined as the first stage. At this time, the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy is in a balanced state and is not disturbed by the outside world.

[0074] Phase II

[0075] Please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.11 , we define the instantaneous state when the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 just come into contact as the second stage here. Specifically: when the friction nanogenerator used to collect low-frequency vibration energy is disturbed by the outside world, the base will swing first, and then the base will drive the swinging member 2 to swing. Due to the inertia of the swinging member 2, the swinging member 2 will lag behind the base when it reaches balance again. Therefore, in this process, when the base reaches balance, the swinging member 2 will move irregularly in the sealed cavity under the dual effects of the magnetic force and the fence, and the swinging member 2 will drive the friction strip 23 to move in the sealed cavity. At this stage, since nylon is more likely to lose electrons than PVDF film, when the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 just come into contact, the nylon near the contact surface of the two tends to be positively charged, and the PVDF film tends to be negatively charged. However, since the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 have not yet slid, the whole is still electrically neutral to the outside. Therefore, at this stage, the friction nanogenerator used to collect low-frequency vibration energy does not have induced charge, and its external circuit has no current.

[0076] Phase 3

[0077] Please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.12 In this embodiment, the state in which the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 slide relative to each other and displace after contact is defined as the third stage. Fig.12It is a schematic diagram of the relative sliding between the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 in the horizontal direction, that is, a schematic diagram in a top-down state. At this stage, the contact surface of the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 is still electrically neutral as a whole, but due to the relative displacement of the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11, the two staggered ends are respectively charged with equal amounts of opposite charges. That is, the staggered part of the nylon carries a part of the positive charge, and the staggered part of the PVDF film carries the same amount of negative charge as the staggered part of the nylon. According to the power generation principle of the friction nanogenerator, the electrode 231 coated with nylon is induced with negative charge by the nylon, and the electrode 111 coated with the PVDF film is induced with positive charge by the PVDF film. Therefore, the external circuit will generate current, and the direction of the current is from the nylon end to the PVDF film end. As the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 slide until they are separated, the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 will continuously have current flowing out and supplying the external load.

[0078] Stage 4

[0079] Please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 In this embodiment, the fourth stage is defined as the complete separation of the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11. In this stage, since the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 have just been triboelectrically generating electricity, the nylon surface of the friction strip 23 carries a positive charge, so its electrode 231 induces a negative charge. For the friction strip 11, the PVDF film surface carries a negative charge, and its electrode 111 induces a positive charge. For the entire friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy, it is in an electrostatic equilibrium state as a whole, so no current is output to the external circuit in this stage.

[0080] Stage 5

[0081] Please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.14 In this embodiment, the re-contact of the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 is defined as the fifth stage. As the swinging member 2 continues to swing in the sealed cavity, the friction strip 23 will contact the friction strip 11 again. It should be noted that since the swinging member 2 makes irregular movements in the sealed cavity, the friction strip 23 in this stage is not necessarily in contact with the friction strip 11 in the second stage. Since the PVDF film on each friction strip 11 in the fourth stage carries a negative charge, and the nylon on each friction strip 23 carries a positive charge, as long as the friction strip 23 and the friction strip 11 that are in contact with each other in this stage are fully in contact, the two will be electrically neutral as a whole, but the induced charges accumulated on the electrode 111 and the electrode 231 will be released and refluxed, and neutralized through the external circuit, so a current will be generated in this stage, and the direction of the current is from the PVDF film end to the nylon end.

[0082] It can be understood that in the above five stages, since the friction strips 11 and the friction strips 23 are arranged at equal intervals, and the intervals between the two adjacent friction strips 11 and the two adjacent friction strips 23 are the same. Therefore, the working state of each friction member at the same time is synchronized, so the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy in this embodiment can directly lead out each electrode 111 in the multiple friction strips 11 through the wire 1, and then connect the multiple wires 1 in parallel and then connect to one end of the rectifier bridge circuit. The electrode 2 231 in the multiple friction strips 23 can directly lead out each electrode 111 in the multiple friction strips 11 through the wire 2, and then connect the multiple wires 1 in parallel and then connect to the other end of the rectifier bridge circuit. Under the action of the rectifier bridge circuit, it can realize continuous output of direct current to the outside, thereby realizing the conversion of low-frequency vibration energy into electrical energy through the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy in the present invention.

[0083] The above describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy, characterized in that: It is used to collect low-frequency vibration energy; the friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy includes: A shell (1) with a cover (4), wherein the cover (4) is mounted on one end of the shell (1), and a sealed cavity is formed between the cover (4) and the shell (1); a plurality of friction strips (11) are mounted on the bottom of the shell (1) away from the cover (4), and a magnet (12) is mounted on the outer side of the bottom of the shell (1). A swinging member (2) is suspended in the sealed cavity, the swinging member (2) comprising a second magnet (21) and a plurality of second friction strips (23), the second magnet (21) being arranged opposite to the first magnet (12) and the two opposite surfaces of the second magnet (21) and the first magnet (12) having the same magnetic properties; a plurality of second friction strips (23) are arrayed and distributed on one end of the second magnet (21) close to the first magnet (12), the distance between each two adjacent second friction strips (23) being equal, the array distribution of the first friction strips (11) at the bottom of the shell (1) being the same as the array distribution of the second friction strips (23) on the second magnet (21); the distance between two adjacent first friction strips (11) being greater than the width of the cross section of the second friction strip (23); any one of the second friction strips (23) will contact with one of the first friction strips (11) and slide relative to each other to generate current.

2. The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction strip 1 (11) and the friction strip 2 (23) are both elongated cylindrical structures with equal diameters; the center distance between two adjacent friction strips 1 (11) is greater than twice the diameter of the friction strip 1 (11).

3. The friction nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The friction strip one (11) comprises an electrode one (111) and a dielectric layer one (112) wrapped around the outer surface of the electrode one (111); the friction strip two (23) comprises an electrode two (231) and a dielectric layer two (232) wrapped around the outer surface of the electrode two (231); the dielectric layer two (232) and the dielectric layer one (112) have different electronegativity.

4. The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The electrode one (111) and the electrode two (231) are both copper electrodes.

5. The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The friction nanogenerator also includes a rectifier bridge circuit; each of the electrode one (111) is led out through a wire one, and multiple wires one are connected in parallel and then connected to one end of the rectifier bridge circuit; each of the electrode two (231) is led out through a wire two, and multiple wires two are connected in parallel and then connected to the other end of the rectifier bridge circuit; the friction nanogenerator outputs a direct current to the outside through the rectifier bridge circuit.

6. The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover (4) and the shell (1) are in a detachable structure; a sealing ring is installed at the connection between the cover (4) and the shell (1).

7. The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting plate (22) is provided between the second magnet (21) and the second friction strip (23), the second magnet (21) is fixed on the mounting plate (22), and the mounting plate (22) is fixed on a side of the second magnet (21) close to the first magnet (12).

8. The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a base and a cylindrical shell, wherein the base is fixed to one end of the cylindrical shell; a plurality of friction strips (11) are installed on the base at equal intervals, and a mounting groove is provided on a side of the base away from the friction strip (11), wherein the magnet (12) is fixedly installed in the mounting groove.

9. The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second magnet (21) is a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the second magnet (21) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical shell.

10. The triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting low-frequency vibration energy according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of slots 1 are provided on a side of the base facing the cover (4), and each friction strip 1 (11) is fixed to the base via the slot 1; and / or A plurality of slots 2 are provided on one end of the mounting plate (22) away from the second magnet (21), and each of the second friction strips (23) is fixed to the mounting plate (22) via the second slot.

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