Method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea, which comprises the following steps: harvesting the whole apocynum venetum plant with the height of 0.8-1m in a tender shoot and tender leaf state, spreading for cooling for 12-72 hours in a shade place without direct sunlight or withering when the apocynum venetum plant loses water by 8-12%, rolling for 1-2 times, flattening the stem of the apocynum venetum plant, and drying the apocynum venetum plant in the shade for 1-2 hours to obtain the apocynum venetum tea. The method comprises the following steps: continuously spreading for cooling for 12-48 hours at a shade place without direct sunlight, or continuously losing water by more than 8%, carrying out secondary re-rolling, then continuously spreading for cooling for 2-5 days at the shade place without direct sunlight, airing or drying until the plants are fully dried, or enabling the water content of stems and leaves of the plants to be lower than 10%, and defoliating: slightly shaking and vibrating the plants which are dried until the plants are fully dried, so that the dried folium apocyni veneti leaves can be separated from the stems of the folium apocyni veneti. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the harvesting and processing cost is greatly reduced, a large amount of electric heating stir-frying cost and equipment investment cost are effectively saved through the sun-drying process, particularly, the quality of the apocynum venetum tea leaves is greatly improved, and the apocynum venetum tea leaves have the characteristics of high-quality tea products such as golden yellow and clear tea soup, rich tea fragrance, mellow taste and no grass taste; and moreover, the mechanization degree can be improved, so that large-scale agricultural planting is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea. Background Art

[0002] The harvesting and processing of Apocynum venetum leaves is mainly done by manual picking, mostly by pulling them off from the plants. This method is labor-intensive and inefficient, and is not suitable for the harvesting of Apocynum venetum leaves. It is difficult to pull off Apocynum venetum leaves from fresh plants by hand, and it costs about 15 yuan to pull off one kilogram of fresh leaves. Four kilograms of fresh leaves can be dried into 1 kilogram of dry leaves, which is equivalent to 15*4=60 yuan to pull off one kilogram of dry leaves manually. It is also difficult to knock the semi-dried Apocynum venetum leaves off the hemp stalks. Only the fully dried Apocynum venetum leaves have the characteristic of falling off at a touch. Therefore, the harvesting of Apocynum venetum tea is currently usually done by cutting the plants with machinery, picking leaves from the branches while they are fresh, drying them for medicinal use, or frying, shade drying, and drying them into products. It also has the disadvantages of high labor intensity and low efficiency, and is difficult to adapt to large-scale artificial planting.

[0003] In the case of large-scale artificial cultivation, in order to improve efficiency, the plants are cut off, the whole plants are dried, and the leaves are removed by beating, vibrating or crushing. However, the leaves collected in this way are of poor quality when made into tea. The tea has a bland taste, a strong astringent taste, a turbid soup color, a strong grassy taste, a poor taste, a single variety, and low quality. It is also often mixed with branches and stems that are difficult to separate.

[0004] Therefore, a harvesting and processing method for Apocynum venetum tea that can improve the harvesting efficiency while ensuring the quality of Apocynum venetum leaves and is suitable for processing diversified products has emerged. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea which can improve the harvesting efficiency while ensuring the quality of apocynum venetum leaves and is suitable for processing diversified products.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0007] The whole plant of Lophatherum venetum is harvested when it is in the tender bud and leaf stage, and spread in a cool place away from direct sunlight for 12-72 hours or until it loses 8-12% of water and becomes wilted.

[0008] Roll the stems of the Apocynum venetum plants 1-2 times to flatten them, and continue to cool them in a cool place away from direct sunlight for 12-48 hours, or until they continue to lose more than 8% of their water.

[0009] The second heavy rolling causes moderate damage to the leaves of the plant to accelerate the decomposition and maturation reaction of Luobu Ma.

[0010] After the second rolling, continue to cool in a cool place without direct sunlight for 2-5 days, expose the Apocynum venetum plants to the sun until they are sufficiently dry, or make the moisture content of the plant stems and leaves less than 10%, and then remove the leaves: gently shake the plants that have been dried to separate the dry Apocynum venetum leaves from the stalks.

[0011] The knocked-off dry leaves are screened to remove impurities and impurities such as hemp stalks.

[0012] The screened leaves are packaged to obtain the apocynum venetum tea of ​​the present invention.

[0013] Furthermore, the above-mentioned dogbun venetum tea is preferably stored in a warehouse at a room temperature of 18-28°C and a humidity of 75%-85% for aging for 6-12 months, preferably for more than one year.

[0014] Then, the matured and aged dry Lophatherum venetum leaves are taken out and placed on a steamer, and steam is penetrated at normal pressure steam of 100-103° C. for 1-5 minutes.

[0015] Furthermore, each cage is filled with 10-20 kg of dried Apocynum venetum leaves, the thickness of the dried Apocynum venetum leaves is 20-30 cm, and the leaves are steamed for 1-5 minutes in a steam penetration mode of 100-103°C, so as to steam out the unpleasant green smell of Apocynum venetum, and at the same time, the leaves have the effect of killing the green leaves and killing the enzymes, stopping the biological reaction of the biological enzymes, fixing the Apocynum venetum leaf components, and keeping the dried Apocynum venetum leaves in a bright green state. If the dried Apocynum venetum leaves are over 5 minutes, the color of the leaves will turn yellow and have an unpleasant smell.

[0016] The steamed Lophatherum venetum leaves are baked at 80-100°C for 1-2 hours to enhance the aroma, thereby achieving the effect of drying the Lophatherum venetum leaves to enhance the aroma.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the harvesting and processing costs of the present invention are greatly reduced, and the sun-drying process effectively saves a large amount of electric heating frying costs and equipment investment costs. In particular, the quality of Luobu Ma tea is greatly improved, which is specifically manifested in the characteristics of high-quality tea products such as golden and clear tea soup, rich tea fragrance, mellow taste, and no grassy taste. It can also improve the degree of mechanization, thereby enabling large-scale agricultural planting to be realized. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0019] The whole plant of Apocynum venetum is harvested when it is in the state of tender buds and leaves, preferably when the plant is 0.8-1 meter in height. The harvested plants are placed in a cool place away from direct sunlight to cool for 12-72 hours, or when the plant loses 8-12% of water, it is preferably rolled 1-2 times by a rolling machine. Of course, it can also be rolled with a rolling roller on a flat ground to roll the stems of the Apocynum venetum plant into a flat shape, so that the leaves on the Apocynum venetum plant appear slightly damaged.

[0020] Spreading the plants out to cool causes the plants to lose water and wilt, which can start the decomposition, transformation and maturation reactions in the leaves. At the same time, the nutrients in the stalks will be transferred to the Luobu Ma leaves through transpiration, making the tea taste stronger. This is a unique process that is not available in manual plucking of branchless stalks. By harvesting the whole plant and spreading it out to cool in a cool place, the sweet nutrients in the stalks can be transferred to the leaves. The grinding machine can flatten the stems of the Luobu Ma plants and slightly damage the leaves of the Luobu Ma plants, which can accelerate the decomposition and maturation reactions of the Luobu Ma.

[0021] After the first rolling, the Luobu Ma plants should be spread out in a cool place without direct sunlight to cool for 12-48 hours, or until they continue to lose more than 8% of water.

[0022] The second heavy rolling is to roll the Luobu Hemp plants that have been rolled and spread out for airing again, so that the leaves on the plants show moderate damage, so as to accelerate the decomposition and maturation reaction of Luobu Hemp.

[0023] After the second rolling, continue to cool in a cool place without direct sunlight for 2-5 days. The second rolling causes the leaves of the Luobu Ma plant to be more severely damaged, thereby further accelerating the ripening reaction of the Luobu Ma leaves, hydrolyzing the internal pectin of the Luobu Ma leaves to release the binding effect, and converting the starch polysaccharide enzyme into sweet monosaccharides such as fructose and grapes, and hydrolyzing the protein into flavor amino acids, etc. The dehydration of the plant and the rolling damage have the effect of accelerating the ripening reaction.

[0024] Expose the dried Lophatherum venetum plants to sunlight until they are sufficiently dry, or reduce the moisture content of the plant stems and leaves to less than 10%, and then remove the leaves: gently shake the sufficiently dried plants to separate the dry Lophatherum venetum leaves from the stems.

[0025] The knocked-off dry leaves are screened to remove impurities and impurities such as hemp stalks.

[0026] The screened leaves are packaged.

[0027] Furthermore, after the above-mentioned apocynum venetum leaves are bagged, they are stored in a warehouse at a room temperature of 18-28° C. and a humidity of 75%-85% for aging for 6-12 months, preferably for more than one year.

[0028] Then, the dried apocynum venetum leaves which have been stored and matured are taken out and placed on a steamer, and steam is penetrated for 1 to 5 minutes at a normal pressure of 100 to 103°C.

[0029] Specifically, each cage is filled with 10-20 kg of dry apocynum venetum leaves, the dry apocynum venetum leaves are spread out to a thickness of 20-30 cm, and steamed at 100-103° C. for 1-5 minutes in a steam penetration mode, so as to steam out the unpleasant green smell of the apocynum venetum, and at the same time, the effect of killing the green and killing the enzymes is achieved, the biological reaction of the biological enzymes is stopped, the components of the apocynum venetum leaves are fixed, and the dry apocynum venetum leaves are kept in a bright green state. If the dry apocynum venetum leaves are steamed for more than 5 minutes, the color of the dry apocynum venetum leaves will turn yellow and have an unpleasant smell.

[0030] The steamed Lophatherum venetum leaves are baked at 80-100°C for 1-2 hours to enhance the aroma, thereby achieving the effect of drying the Lophatherum venetum leaves to enhance the aroma.

[0031] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea, characterized in that The following procedures are included: Harvest the whole plant of Apocynum venetum when it is still tender and leaves, and place it in a cool place away from direct sunlight for 12-72 hours or until it loses 8-12% of its water. Roll 1-2 times to flatten the stems of the Apocynum venetum plants, slightly damage the leaves of the Apocynum venetum plants, and continue to cool in a shaded place away from direct sunlight for 12-48 hours, or until the water loss is more than 8%; Perform heavy rolling for the second time to moderately damage the leaves of the plants. After the second rolling, continue to cool in a cool place away from direct sunlight for 2-5 days, and then dry in the air or in the sun. Expose the dried apocynum venetum plants to sunlight until they are fully dried, or until the moisture content of the plant stems and leaves is less than 10%, and then remove the leaves: gently shake and vibrate the fully dried plants to separate the apocynum venetum leaves from the stems; The obtained apocynum venetum leaves are packaged.

2. The method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apocynum venetum tea leaves are stored in a warehouse at a room temperature of 18-28 degrees and a humidity of 75%-85% for 6-12 months of maturation and aging. Take out the matured and aged apocynum venetum leaves and place them on a steamer. Steam them for 1-5 minutes at 100-103℃ under normal pressure. The steamed apocynum venetum leaves are placed at 80-100°C for 1-2 hours for baking to enhance the aroma.

3. The method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea according to claim 2, characterized in that: The apocynum venetum leaves are spread on a steamer, the thickness of the apocynum venetum leaves is 20-30 cm, and the leaves are steamed in a steam penetration mode of 100-103 for 1-5 minutes.

4. The method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The aging period is more than 1 year.

5. The method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The rolling is performed by an upper rolling machine.

6. The method for harvesting and processing apocynum venetum tea according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rolling is performed by an upper rolling machine.