Portable hydrogen production system based on slurry hydrogen storage and production material and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable hydrogen production system based on a slurry hydrogen storage and production material and a use method. The portable hydrogen production system comprises a reactor, a feeding module and a gas separation module, wherein the feeding module and the gas separation module are respectively connected with the reactor; the feeding module is used for conveying a slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water to the top and the bottom of the reactor respectively; the reactor is provided with a heating part and is internally provided with a multi-layer baffling structure, during working, the slurry hydrogen storage and production material at the top flows downwards along the multi-layer baffling structure, and water at the bottom is heated into water vapor to react with the slurry hydrogen storage and production material; and the gas separation module is used for separating gas generated by the reaction of the water vapor and the slurry hydrogen storage and production material to obtain purified hydrogen. The reactor is arranged to be of a multi-layer baffling structure, and the slurry hydrogen storage and production material flows downwards along the multi-layer baffling structure to react with heated water vapor; the contact area is increased by using water vapor reaction and arranging a multi-layer baffling structure, the retention time of reactants in the reactor is prolonged, and the reaction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular to a portable hydrogen production system based on slurry hydrogen storage and production materials and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and efficient renewable energy, hydrogen energy plays an important role in addressing global challenges such as energy crisis and environmental pollution. Especially in the fields of portable devices, emergency power supply and distributed energy supply, hydrogen energy has shown great application potential due to its high energy density and low pollutant emissions.

[0003] With the development of hydrogen energy technology, its application scenarios are gradually extending towards miniaturization and portability. Miniaturized hydrogen energy systems can not only meet the energy needs of special scenarios such as remote areas, field operations, and emergency rescue, but also reduce equipment costs and improve flexibility of use. In addition, the modular design of miniaturized equipment is conducive to system maintenance and upgrades, and capacity can be adjusted and functions expanded according to actual needs. Public patents CN118598073A, CN118495469A, CN118495470A, CN118598072A and CN118702058A use slurry hydrogen storage and production materials composed of nano-microcrystalline metals and organic liquids, which improve the hydrogen storage density per unit volume compared to single metal hydrolysis hydrogen production.

[0004] However, the practical application of portable hydrogen production systems based on slurry hydrogen storage and production materials still faces three key technical challenges: first, the problem of hydrogen storage density. Existing technologies make it difficult to achieve sufficient hydrogen output under the premise of miniaturization. Second, the problem of heat management. If the large amount of heat released by the hydrogen production reaction is not effectively utilized, it will cause energy waste and affect system stability. Third, there is the problem of reaction efficiency. It is difficult to ensure sufficient contact and conversion of reactants in miniaturized devices. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a portable hydrogen production system based on slurry hydrogen storage and production materials, comprising a reactor, and a feed module and a gas separation module respectively connected to the reactor; The feed module is used to transport slurry hydrogen storage and production materials and water to the top and bottom of the reactor respectively; The reactor is provided with a heating component and a multi-layer baffle structure is arranged inside. When working, the slurry hydrogen storage and production material at the top flows down along the multi-layer baffle structure, and the water at the bottom is heated to become water vapor to react with the slurry hydrogen storage and production material; The gas separation module is used to separate the gas generated by the reaction of water vapor and slurry hydrogen storage and production material to obtain purified hydrogen.

[0006] Further, the gas separation module comprises a steam separator and a hydrogen separator which are sequentially connected to the reactor; The steam separator is used to separate water vapor from the exhaust gas of the reactor and condense the water vapor and reflux it to the bottom of the reactor; The hydrogen separator is provided with a hydrogen storage alloy for absorbing hydrogen in the gas passing through the steam separator and storing combustible gases other than hydrogen generated by the reaction of water vapor and slurry hydrogen storage and production materials.

[0007] Further, the feed module includes a slurry storage tank and a water pipe connected to the reactor, and a water storage tank connected to the hydrogen separator and the reactor in sequence through the water pipe; The water delivery pipe includes a first pipe section between the water storage tank and the hydrogen separator, a second pipe section in the hydrogen separator, and a third pipe section between the hydrogen separator and the reactor, wherein the second pipe section is arranged around the hydrogen storage alloy.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydrogen separator is provided with a feed inlet, a feed outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet; The second pipe section is arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet; The hydrogen storage alloy has a hollow structure; The hydrogen separator is connected to the reactor via a waste pipe, the size of the waste pipe matches the hollow structure, and the waste pipe penetrates the hydrogen storage alloy through the feed port and passes through the discharge port.

[0009] Furthermore, the steam separator is also connected to the third pipe section.

[0010] Furthermore, the slurry storage tank and the reactor are connected via a feed pipe, and a feed pump is provided on the feed pipe; The first pipe section is provided with a water pump; The waste pipe is provided with a discharge pump.

[0011] Further, the heating component includes an electric heater and a gas heater; The gas heater is connected to the hydrogen separator and can heat the reactor by burning a combustible gas other than hydrogen.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage alloy includes LaNi5, Zr 0.9 Ti 0.1 V2, LaNi 4.7 Al 0.3 At least one of .

[0013] The present invention also provides a working method of the above-mentioned portable hydrogen production system, comprising: Turn on the heating component of the reactor, and use the feed module to deliver the slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water to the top and bottom of the reactor respectively; The slurry hydrogen storage material at the top flows down along the multi-layer baffle structure, and the water at the bottom is heated to become water vapor and reacts with the slurry hydrogen storage material to produce gas; The gas separation module is used to separate the gas produced by the reaction of water vapor and slurry hydrogen storage and production materials to obtain purified hydrogen.

[0014] Furthermore, the temperature of the heating component is 100-200°C.

[0015] In the present invention, the slurry hydrogen production material does not need to be strictly limited, and can be composed of nano-microcrystalline metal, organic liquid and catalyst. Wherein, in terms of mass percentage, the contents of nano-microcrystalline metal, organic liquid and catalyst are 1-40wt.%, 50-95wt.%, and 1-25wt.% respectively; the nano-microcrystalline metal can be at least one of Na, K, Mg and Al with an average particle size of 100-1000nm; the organic liquid is at least one of the full hydrogenation products of aromatic compounds, the full hydrogenation products of heterocyclic compounds and the full hydrogenation products of liquid organic polyols, and the full hydrogenation products of the aromatic compounds are at least one of cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, dimethylcyclohexane, decane and decahydronaphthalene; the full hydrogenation products of the heterocyclic compounds are at least one of full hydrogenated N-ethylcarbazole, full hydrogenated N-propylcarbazole, full hydrogenated N-methylindole, full hydrogenated N-ethylindole, full hydrogenated quinoline and the like; the full hydrogenation products of the liquid organic polyols are at least one of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol and the like. The catalyst may be at least one of a Pd-based catalyst and a Pt-based catalyst.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a portable hydrogen production system that uses hydrogen storage alloys to effectively utilize the heat generated by the reaction. The hydrogen storage alloys exhibit excellent hydrogen absorption performance under low temperature conditions. After the reaction is completed, the system introduces the high-temperature waste heat generated by the reaction into the hydrogen storage alloy to promote its dehydrogenation process; then the metal hydride is cooled by introducing liquid water to reduce its temperature to room temperature to restore the hydrogen absorption performance. It is worth noting that by designing the connection relationship between the hydrogen storage alloy, the water pipe and the waste pipe, the heat released by the hydrogen storage alloy during the temperature cycle is used for preheating liquid water, forming a complete heat recycling system, which significantly improves the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the system. The internal design of the reactor adopts a multi-layer baffle structure, and the bottom water vapor is introduced to significantly increase the reaction interface area and gas phase residence time, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the system. The present invention achieves the improvement of hydrogen production efficiency through multi-stage heat utilization, material circulation and reaction process optimization, and provides a technical solution for the field of portable hydrogen production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of a portable hydrogen production system based on slurry hydrogen storage and production materials is shown; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram showing the connection relationship between the second pipe section, the waste pipe and the hydrogen storage alloy is shown; Description of reference numerals: 1. Reactor; 101. Multi-layer baffle structure; 2. Slurry storage tank; 3. Water storage tank; 4. Feed pipe; 5. Water pipe; 501. First pipe section; 502. Second pipe section; 503. Third pipe section; 6. Feed pump; 7. Water pump; 8. Steam separator; 9. Hydrogen separator; 901. Hydrogen storage alloy; 10. Waste pipe; 11. Discharge pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The following will be combined with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the drawings of the specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example like Figure 1 As shown, a portable hydrogen production system based on slurry hydrogen storage material includes a reactor 1, a feed module and a gas separation module respectively connected to the reactor 1, and a waste pipe 10. The reactor 1 is provided with a heating component and a multi-layer baffle structure 101 is arranged inside. The feed module is used to transport slurry hydrogen storage material and water to the top and bottom of the reactor 1 respectively, and includes a slurry storage tank 2, a water storage tank 3, a feed pipe 4, a water delivery pipe 5, a feed pump 6 and a water pump 7; the slurry storage tank 2 is connected to the top of the reactor 1 through the feed pipe 4, a feed pump 6 is arranged on the feed pipe 4, and the water delivery pipe 5 includes a first pipe section 501, a second pipe section 502 and a third pipe section 503. The gas separation module is used to separate the gas produced by the reaction of water vapor and slurry hydrogen storage and production materials to obtain purified hydrogen; the gas separation module includes a steam separator 8 and a hydrogen separator 9 which are connected to the reactor 1 in sequence; the steam separator 8 is used to separate the water vapor in the exhaust gas of the reactor 1, and condense the water vapor and reflux it to the bottom of the reactor 1; the hydrogen separator 9 is provided with a hydrogen storage alloy 901, which is used to absorb the hydrogen in the gas passing through the steam separator 8, and store the combustible gas other than hydrogen produced by the reaction of water vapor and slurry hydrogen storage and production materials; the hydrogen separator 9 is provided with a feed port, a discharge port, a water inlet and a water outlet.

[0023] The water storage tank 3 is connected to the bottom of the reactor 1 through the water delivery pipe 5, and the hydrogen separator 9 is connected to the reactor 1 through the waste pipe 10. Specifically, the water storage tank 3 is connected to the hydrogen separator 9 through the first pipe section 501 of the water delivery pipe 5, and a water pump 7 is provided on the first pipe section 501. Figure 2 As shown, the second pipe segment 502 surrounds the hydrogen storage alloy 901 through the water inlet and passes through the water outlet; the third pipe segment 503 is connected to the bottom of the reactor 1, that is, the first pipe segment 501 is arranged between the water storage tank 3 and the hydrogen separator 9, the second pipe segment 502 is arranged inside the hydrogen separator 9, and the third pipe segment 503 is arranged between the hydrogen separator 9 and the reactor 1; the hydrogen storage alloy 901 is a hollow structure, the size of the waste pipe 10 matches the hollow structure, the waste pipe 10 passes through the hydrogen storage alloy 901 through the feed port and through the discharge port to discharge the reacted waste, and a discharge pump 11 is arranged on the waste pipe 10.

[0024] In this embodiment, the slurry hydrogen production material is a mixed slurry of 50wt.% N-propylcarbazole, 40wt.% 100nm Al powder and 10wt.% Pd-based catalyst in terms of mass percentage. The preparation method of the slurry hydrogen production material can refer to the patent publication CN118495469A, which does not involve the improvement points of the present invention and the present invention does not make any improvement. In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage alloy 901 uses LaNi5.

[0025] In this embodiment, the heating component includes an electric heater and a gas heater. The gas heater is connected to the hydrogen separator 9 and can heat the reactor 1 by burning a combustible gas other than hydrogen. The electric heater is used for heating at the beginning, and the gas heater is used for heating after the combustible gas is generated. The reactor is also integrated with a temperature control module to monitor the temperature in the reactor and control the electric heater and the gas heater so that the temperature in the reactor is maintained at 180°C.

[0026] The working principle of this embodiment is: before hydrogen production, the heating component of the reactor 1 is turned on, and when the temperature of the reactor 1 reaches 180°C, the feed module is used to transport the slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water to the top and bottom of the reactor 1 respectively. The water is quickly vaporized, and after forming water vapor, it moves upward, and the slurry hydrogen storage and production material at the top flows down along the multi-layer baffle structure 101. The water vapor and the slurry hydrogen storage and production material are fully contacted and reacted in the multi-layer baffle structure 101. Compared with water, the water vapor has a larger contact area with the slurry hydrogen storage and production material, and the disturbance effect of the water vapor ensures the completeness of the reaction. After the mixed gas produced by the reaction is treated by the steam separator 8, the water vapor is separated and condensed and refluxed to the bottom of the reactor 1 for recycling; the remaining gas enters the hydrogen separator 9, and the selective adsorption characteristics of hydrogen by a specific hydrogen storage material at room temperature are used to separate hydrogen from other gases. The second pipe section 502 is arranged around the hydrogen storage alloy 901, and the pumped water can ensure that the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy 901 does not rise significantly, ensuring the stability of the hydrogen adsorption by the hydrogen storage alloy 901; the remaining gas contains a large amount of combustible gases such as CO and CH4, which are sent to the gas heater as a supplementary heat source. The waste generated after the hydrogen production reaction is still at a high temperature. The discharge pump 11 is turned on to pass the waste through the waste pipe 10, and the heat carried by the waste is used to promote the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy 901 to achieve hydrogen decomposition.

[0027] In general, the present invention constructs an efficient reaction-separation-heat cycle network by combining heat cascade utilization and hydrogen storage alloy separation technology. The heat released by the reaction, the heat of combustion of combustible gas and the waste heat of waste are rationally distributed and used to maintain the reaction temperature, preheat the feed and promote the desorption of hydride, respectively, to achieve efficient utilization of system energy. At the same time, the setting of the steam separator and the hydrogen separator ensures the recycling of water resources and combustible gas, forming a complete material loop.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable hydrogen production system based on slurry hydrogen storage and production materials, characterized in that: It comprises a reactor, and a feed module and a gas separation module respectively connected to the reactor; The feed module is used to transport slurry hydrogen storage and production materials and water to the top and bottom of the reactor respectively; The reactor is provided with a heating component and a multi-layer baffle structure is arranged inside. When working, the slurry hydrogen storage and production material at the top flows down along the multi-layer baffle structure, and the water at the bottom is heated to become water vapor to react with the slurry hydrogen storage and production material; The gas separation module is used to separate the gas generated by the reaction of water vapor and slurry hydrogen storage and production material to obtain purified hydrogen.

2. The portable hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas separation module includes a steam separator and a hydrogen separator connected to the reactor in sequence; The steam separator is used to separate water vapor from the exhaust gas of the reactor and condense the water vapor and reflux it to the bottom of the reactor; The hydrogen separator is provided with a hydrogen storage alloy for absorbing hydrogen in the gas passing through the steam separator and storing combustible gases other than hydrogen generated by the reaction of water vapor and slurry hydrogen storage and production materials.

3. The portable hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed module comprises a slurry storage tank and a water pipe connected to the reactor, and a water storage tank connected to the hydrogen separator and the reactor in sequence through the water pipe; The water delivery pipe includes a first pipe section between the water storage tank and the hydrogen separator, a second pipe section in the hydrogen separator, and a third pipe section between the hydrogen separator and the reactor, wherein the second pipe section is arranged around the hydrogen storage alloy.

4. The portable hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen separator is provided with a feed inlet, a feed outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet; The second pipe section is arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet; The hydrogen storage alloy has a hollow structure; The hydrogen separator is connected to the reactor via a waste pipe, the size of the waste pipe matches the hollow structure, and the waste pipe penetrates the hydrogen storage alloy through the feed port and passes through the discharge port.

5. The portable hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steam separator is also connected to the third pipe section.

6. The portable hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slurry storage tank and the reactor are connected via a feed pipe, and a feed pump is provided on the feed pipe; A water pump is provided on the first pipe section; The waste pipe is provided with a discharge pump.

7. The portable hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating component includes an electric heater and a gas heater; The gas heater is connected to the hydrogen separator and can heat the reactor by burning a combustible gas other than hydrogen.

8. The portable hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage alloy includes LaNi5, Zr 0.9 Ti 0.1 V2, LaNi 4.7 Al 0.3 At least one of .

9. A working method of a portable hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include, Turn on the heating component of the reactor, and use the feed module to deliver the slurry hydrogen storage and production material and water to the top and bottom of the reactor respectively; The slurry hydrogen storage material at the top flows down along the multi-layer baffle structure, and the water at the bottom is heated to become water vapor and reacts with the slurry hydrogen storage material to produce gas; The gas separation module is used to separate the gas produced by the reaction of water vapor and slurry hydrogen storage and production materials to obtain purified hydrogen.

10. The working method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The temperature of the heating component is 100-200°C.

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