A biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology and its strengthening method

Abstract

The present invention provides a biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology, wherein a cladding strengthening layer formed by laser cladding is provided on the working surface of the cutting edge body; the cladding alloy powder used for laser cladding is composed of high-performance alloy powder, high-performance strengthening powder and molding strengthening powder; the cladding strengthening layer is in the form of a right triangular prism structure, and the bottom surface of the right triangular prism is an isosceles triangle. The present invention also provides a method for strengthening the cutting edge of the above-mentioned biomass crusher. The cladding strengthening layer prepared by the present invention has high toughness and hardness, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, uniform distribution of tissue components, and good metallurgical bonding with the matrix. The cladding strengthening layer prepared by the present invention has a uniform distribution of superhard phases, and the superhard phases synergistically act with the right triangular prism structure of the cladding strengthening layer, which significantly improves cutting efficiency, reduces wear during the cutting process, and extends the service life of the cutting edge, and has broad prospects for promotion and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding strengthening, and in particular to a biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology, and a method for strengthening the biomass crusher cutting edge. Background Art

[0002] Biomass refers to the waste and byproducts generated during agricultural production, including but not limited to forestry waste, such as tree branches, and crop residues, such as straw. Traditional biomass disposal methods often result in waste, wasting resources. Traditional biomass treatment methods, primarily incineration, can also cause serious environmental pollution. However, biomass conversion technologies can effectively convert these wastes into energy (such as biogas, biogas, and solid biofuels) or chemical feedstocks, reducing waste accumulation and pollution, enabling resource reuse, and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions, ultimately contributing to environmental benefits.

[0003] Biomass crushers are key equipment in the biomass conversion and reuse process. They can cut and crush larger biomass materials into smaller biomass fragments, which are convenient for subsequent processing, transportation, and reuse. Knife-type biomass crushers cut biomass through rotating cutting blades. They are suitable for cutting longer and tougher raw materials, such as straw and branches, and have been widely used. However, the working environment of the crusher's cutting blade is complex, which causes the cutting edge surface to wear. In large-scale crushing operations, in order to ensure the processing progress, the cutting power input is increased, which aggravates the wear of the cutting edge and the service life is very limited. Regular shutdown and replacement are required, which restricts its further development and application. According to wear theory, the hardness of the material is positively correlated with its wear resistance. At present, the mainstream method of cutting edge strengthening is to use high-strength materials to prepare the cutting edge, but the high cost and complex molding process make it less economically feasible in large-scale production.

[0004] Laser cladding is an advanced additive manufacturing technique that uses a high-energy laser beam to melt powdered material and deposit it onto the substrate surface, achieving a good metallurgical bond. It boasts high processing efficiency and reduces material loss. Depending on the powder properties and processing techniques, the substrate's hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature stability can be enhanced. Laser cladding precisely controls the laser's energy input and scanning path, effectively adjusting coating properties. Furthermore, due to the laser beam's excellent focus and low heat input, it significantly reduces thermal effects compared to traditional welding or heat treatment processes, ensuring the material's service life.

[0005] Compared with other common cutting tools, the cutting edge of a biomass crusher is usually used to crush organic matter such as wood and straw, and bears strong impact and friction wear loads. Therefore, the cutting edge of a biomass crusher needs to have excellent hardness and wear resistance as well as a certain toughness to avoid brittle fracture; in addition, the working process of the biomass crusher cutting edge requires frequent contact with straw-like biomass, and needs to withstand complex wear and tear, load impact, and a certain amount of corrosion loss. Under the limitations of the above application conditions, using laser cladding technology to strengthen the cutting edge of a biomass crusher will face some problems, including: differences in thermal expansion coefficients, compatibility, etc. between different base materials and cladding powders will lead to a weak bond between the cladding layer and the base, which is prone to delamination or cracking, affecting the service life; when laser cladding the working surface of the cutting edge, if the cladding layer is uneven or stratified, it will lead to unstable performance of the cutting edge, especially in the face of complex crushing conditions, local wear or damage of the cladding layer will affect the overall performance of the tool.

[0006] Based on this, a biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology is provided. While ensuring the effective forming and bonding properties of the cutting edge reinforcement layer, a high-hardness and strong wear-resistant reinforcement coating is obtained. This is of great significance for improving the wear resistance of the biomass crusher cutting edge and extending its service life, and is also a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. In view of this, the present invention is specially proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology, which has good strengthening layer forming performance and bonding performance, high hardness and strong wear resistance.

[0008] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for strengthening the cutting edge of a biomass crusher based on laser cladding technology, which is simple to operate, can ensure good forming performance and bonding performance of the strengthening layer, improve the hardness and wear resistance of the cutting edge, and extend the service life of the cutting edge.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve one of the objectives is: to provide a biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology, comprising a cutting edge body, wherein a cladding strengthening layer formed by laser cladding is provided on the working surface of the cutting edge body;

[0010] The alloy powder used in the laser cladding comprises, by weight percentage:

[0011] High performance alloy powder: Cr 8wt.%-15 wt.%; Mn 7wt.%-10 wt.%; Fe 25wt.%-60 wt.%; Ni10wt.%-15 wt.%;

[0012] High-performance strengthening powder: WC 3wt.%-6 wt.%; SiC 1wt.%-4 wt.%; VC 2wt.%-5 wt.%; TiN1wt.%-4 wt.%; NbN 2wt.%-5 wt.%;

[0013] Molding strengthening powder: CaF21wt.%-2 wt.%; SiO23wt.%-5 wt.%; Na3AlF61wt.%-2 wt.%; K3AlF61wt.%-2 wt.%;

[0014] The weld-deposited strengthening layer is in a right triangular prism structure, the bottom surface of the right triangular prism is an isosceles triangle, and the vertex angle of the isosceles triangle is 90-120 degrees.

[0015] The overall concept of the present invention is as follows:

[0016] In the present invention, in order to make the weld-clad strengthening layer formed by laser cladding have high hardness and high wear resistance and to increase the service life of the cutting edge, the following two improvements are made:

[0017] On the one hand, the present invention optimizes the composition of the alloy powder used in laser cladding, which consists of three parts: high-performance alloy powder, high-performance reinforcing powder, and forming reinforcing powder. Considering that the working environment of the biomass crusher may involve moisture or corrosive substances, the elements in the reinforcing powder should have good corrosion resistance. The present invention adds appropriate amounts of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) to the high-performance alloy powder to improve the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer. At the same time, the addition of nickel (Ni) can also ensure the toughness of the cladding layer. Furthermore, the high-performance reinforcing powder uses WC (tungsten carbide), SiC (silicon carbide), VC (vanadium carbide), TiN (titanium nitride), and NbN (niobium nitride) high-hardness heat-resistant ceramic materials, which can significantly enhance the hardness, wear resistance, and high-temperature stability of the coating. A certain proportion of superhard phase is generated in the cladding reinforcing layer, significantly enhancing the hardness and wear resistance of the coating while ensuring toughness. In addition, in order to ensure that the weld-deposited strengthening layer has good forming quality and excellent bonding performance, a forming strengthening material composed of CaF2 (calcium fluoride), Na3AlF6 (sodium fluoroaluminate), K3AlF6 (potassium fluoroaluminate), and SiO2 (silicon dioxide) is used. The combination of these ingredients can lower the melting point of refractory components. At the same time, the reaction generates CaSiF6, Na2SiF6, and K2SiF6 to provide slag protection, promote the floating of slag in the molten pool, avoid the stratification of carbides and nitrides in the weld-deposited coating, improve the uniformity of the microstructure of the weld-deposited coating, inhibit the appearance and growth of micropores and microcracks, reduce the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the weld-deposited layer and the base material, ensure the metallurgical bonding efficiency, and enhance the forming quality of the weld-deposited layer.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention combines the structure and application characteristics of the biomass crusher cutting edge and uses laser cladding to form a weld-clad strengthening layer with a straight triangular prism structure on the blade surface. The base of the straight triangular prism is an isosceles triangle with a vertex angle of 90-120 degrees. This weld-clad strengthening layer with a straight triangular prism structure, with a vertex angle of 90-120 degrees, can effectively break and cut biomass such as straw during operation. The bilaterally symmetrical triangular prism structure can effectively cope with impact loads during service, avoid stress concentration, prevent the cutting edge from breaking and fracture, and reduce wear of the cutting edge.

[0019] In the present invention, the improvement of the composition of the deposited alloy powder is combined with the structure of the straight triangular prism deposited layer. The two work synergistically to give full play to the advantages of high hardness and high wear resistance of the deposited strengthening layer, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency and service life, and improving the service effect of the cutting edge of the biomass crusher.

[0020] Furthermore, a superhard phase is evenly distributed within the weld-clad strengthening layer, with a hardness of 2471-3182 HV. The present invention uses WC, SiC, VC, TiN, and NbN as raw materials to formulate a high-performance strengthening powder. These components melt, solidify, and disperse (evenly distribute) within the weld-clad strengthening layer during the laser cladding process, forming a superhard phase primarily composed of W, Si, V, Ti, Nb, C, and N. This superhard phase exhibits excellent wettability and forms a strong metallurgical bond with the non-superhard phase regions of the weld-clad layer, significantly increasing the hardness of the weld-clad layer while maintaining toughness. This coupling effect significantly enhances the wear resistance of the weld-clad strengthening layer.

[0021] Furthermore, the weld-deposited strengthening layer of the present invention is a right triangular prism structure. When the superhard phase is evenly distributed in the weld-deposited strengthening layer of the right triangular prism structure, the high hardness and high wear resistance of the weld-deposited strengthening layer can be fully utilized. At the same time, the metallurgical bonding ensures the toughness of the weld-deposited strengthening layer, which not only improves the working efficiency of the cutting edge, but also effectively copes with the impact load during service, avoids stress concentration, prevents the breaking and fracture of the cutting edge, and slows down the wear of the cutting edge.

[0022] Furthermore, the height of the weld-deposited strengthening layer is 5.8-10 mm.

[0023] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the second purpose is to provide a method for strengthening the cutting edge of a biomass crusher based on laser cladding technology according to one of the purposes of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. Prepare and pretreat deposited alloy powder;

[0025] S2. Pre-treating the working surface of the cutting edge of the biomass crusher;

[0026] S3. Setting the process parameters and processing steps of the laser cladding equipment, and using laser cladding to process the left and right straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layers on the working surface of the cutting edge of the biomass crusher, respectively, to obtain cladding strengthening layers with a straight triangular prism structure;

[0027] S4. Post-processing the weld-deposited strengthening layer.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S1, the particle size of the deposited alloy powder is 50-150 μm; and the pretreatment of the deposited alloy powder includes: ball milling and drying the deposited alloy powder.

[0029] Preferably, the ball milling speed is 150-250 rpm, the ball milling time is 2-4 hours, and the ball-to-material ratio is 3: 1. The deposited alloy powder after ball milling is vacuum dried at a drying temperature of 50-80° C. for 1-2 hours.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S2, the pretreatment of the working surface includes: removing the surface oxide layer and stains of the working surface, improving the surface flatness, cleaning and drying.

[0031] Preferably, a handheld angle grinder is used to grind the working surface of the steel cutting edge to remove the surface oxide layer and stains; sandpaper is used to grind the position to be strengthened to give it good surface flatness; and anhydrous ethanol is used to clean and dry it.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S3, the parameters of laser cladding include: laser power of 1200-1800 W; scanning speed of 4-10 mm / s; powder feeding rate of 20-40 g / min; and overlap rate of 40%-60%.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S3, the laser spot of laser cladding is a circular spot with a spot radius of 1-2 mm and a spot focal length of 500 mm; the laser cladding adopts synchronous powder feeding equipment, uses argon as the protective gas and pneumatic powder feeding source, and the gas flow rate is 10-18 L / min.

[0034] Furthermore, in step S3, a programmable PLC control system is used to control the robotic arm to complete focal length adjustment and implement the preset path cladding process. The preset path includes the cladding process of the straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the left side of the processing plane, and the cladding process of the straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the right side of the processing plane.

[0035] Preferably, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0036] S301, fixing the cutting edge on a horizontal workbench with the working surface facing upward;

[0037] S302, adjusting the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms an inclination angle of 30-45 degrees with the plane to be processed, starting the laser cladding equipment, and completing the cladding process of the right triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the left side of the plane to be processed according to the set process parameters;

[0038] S303, adjust the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms an inclination angle of 135-150 degrees with the plane to be processed; start the laser cladding equipment and complete the cladding processing of the right right triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the plane to be processed according to the set process parameters.

[0039] Specifically, in step S302 and step S303, processing parameters and inclination angles in the processing steps are selected according to the service performance requirements of the cutting edge; and the strengthening layer is clad and prepared according to the laser cladding processing steps.

[0040] Furthermore, in step S4, the post-processing of the weld-deposited strengthening layer includes: using sandpaper to polish the weld-deposited strengthening layer to make its surface smooth.

[0041] Preferably, the performance test of the weld-deposited strengthening layer formed in step S4 is performed, including: testing the microhardness of the coating using a Vickers hardness tester; and observing the microstructure morphology of the weld-deposited strengthening layer using a scanning electron microscope.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] (1) The present invention provides a biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology and a strengthening method thereof, wherein a cladding strengthening layer formed by laser cladding is provided on the working surface of the cutting edge body. The cladding alloy powder used in the cladding strengthening layer consists of three parts: high-performance alloy powder, high-performance strengthening powder and forming strengthening powder. Among them, the high-performance alloy powder improves the toughness and hardness of the cladding strengthening layer and provides a certain degree of corrosion resistance; the high-performance strengthening powder can generate a superhard phase, significantly enhance the hardness and wear resistance of the coating, and ensure toughness at the same time; the forming strengthening powder improves the uniformity of the distribution of the various components of the strengthening layer, avoids the stratification of carbides and nitrides in the cladding coating, improves the uniformity of the microstructure of the cladding coating, inhibits the appearance and growth of micropores and microcracks, reduces the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the cladding layer and the base material, ensures the metallurgical bonding efficiency, and enhances the forming quality of the cladding layer.

[0044] (2) The present invention provides a biomass crusher cutting edge and a strengthening method thereof based on laser cladding technology. A programmable PLC control system controls a robotic arm to adjust the focal length and implement a preset path cladding process. A left-side straight triangular prism strengthening layer and a right-side straight triangular prism strengthening layer are respectively processed on the working surface of the biomass crusher cutting edge, ultimately obtaining a cladding strengthening layer with a straight triangular prism structure. The synergistic effect of the straight triangular prism structure of the cladding strengthening layer and the uniformly distributed superhard phase within the strengthening layer significantly improves cutting efficiency, reduces friction and wear during the cutting process, and effectively extends the overall service life of the tool.

[0045] (3) The strengthening method provided by the present invention is simple to operate and is suitable for surface strengthening of different types of biomass cutting edges. Compared with traditional surface strengthening technology, it greatly reduces process costs, improves processing efficiency, ensures the molding quality of the strengthening layer, and has broad promotion and application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 A process flow chart of a method for strengthening the cutting edge of a biomass crusher based on laser cladding technology provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the composition of the laser cladding equipment used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the laser cladding route for forming a left-side straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer by laser cladding in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the weld-deposited strengthening layer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Among them, 1-cutting edge body; 2-working surface; 3-welded strengthening layer; 31-left straight triangular prism welded strengthening layer; 32-right straight triangular prism welded strengthening layer; 4-positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology, comprising a cutting edge body 1, on the working surface 2 of the cutting edge body 1 is provided a cladding strengthening layer 3 formed by laser cladding.

[0055] The alloy powder used in the laser cladding includes, by weight percentage, high-performance alloy powder: Cr8wt.%-15 wt.%; Mn 7wt.%-10 wt.%; Fe 25wt.%-60 wt.%; Ni 10wt.%-15 wt.%; high-performance strengthening powder: WC 3wt.%-6 wt.%; SiC 1wt.%-4 wt.%; VC 2wt.%-5 wt.%; TiN 1wt.%-4 wt.%; NbN2wt.%-5 wt.%; molding strengthening powder: CaF21wt.%-2 wt.%; SiO23wt.%-5 wt.%; Na3AlF61wt.%-2wt.%; K3AlF61wt.%-2 wt.%.

[0056] The weld-bonded strengthening layer 3 is in a right triangular prism structure, the bottom surface of the right triangular prism is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the isosceles triangle is 90-120°, and the height of the weld-bonded strengthening layer 3 is 5.8-10 mm.

[0057] The operation process of the method for strengthening the cutting edge of a biomass crusher based on laser cladding technology provided by each embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the equipment used in the reinforcement method is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0058] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0059] The composition (wt.%) of the deposited alloy powder used in each embodiment of the present invention is shown in Table 1 below, and the parameters and conditions of laser cladding in each embodiment are shown in Table 2 below.

[0060] Table 1

[0061]

[0062] Table 2

[0063]

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a laser cladding strengthening method for strengthening the cutting edge of a biomass crusher, comprising the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Prepare and pretreat the deposited alloy powder;

[0067] This embodiment uses high-performance metal-based composite strengthening powder as the deposited alloy powder; the deposited alloy powder is composed of three parts by weight percentage: high-performance alloy powder: Cr 10 wt.%; Mn 8 wt.%; Fe 42.5 wt.%; Ni 12 wt.%; high-performance strengthening powder: WC 5 wt.%; SiC 3 wt.%; VC 4 wt.%; TiN 3 wt.%; NbN 4 wt.%; molding strengthening powder: CaF21.5 wt.%; SiO24 wt.%; Na3AlF61.5 wt.%; K3AlF61.5 wt.%.

[0068] The pretreatment method of the deposited alloy powder is as follows: using a planetary ball mill to mix the powder according to the weight percentage of the selected components, and the particle size of the powder is 100 microns; the ball milling time is 2 hours, the ball-to-material ratio is set to 3:1, the ball milling speed is 180 revolutions per minute, and after the ball milling is completed, the powder is dried in a vacuum drying oven, the drying time is 1.5 hours, and the drying temperature is 80°C.

[0069] Step 2: Pre-treat the position of the biomass crusher cutting edge to be strengthened; use a handheld angle grinder to grind the surface of the steel cutting edge to be processed for 90 seconds to remove the surface oxide layer and stains; preferably, use 150 mesh, 400 mesh, 800 mesh, and 1200 mesh sandpaper in sequence to grind the position to be strengthened to give it good surface flatness; use anhydrous ethanol to wash for 10 seconds and dry for 90 seconds.

[0070] Step 3: Set the laser cladding equipment process parameters and processing procedures to complete the cladding work of the cladding strengthening layer 3 on the working surface 2 of the cutting edge 1 of the biomass crusher;

[0071] The laser cladding equipment used in this embodiment is composed of Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the process parameters of laser cladding are set as follows: laser power 1500W, scanning speed 6 mm / s, powder feeding rate 24g / min, overlap rate 50%, argon is used as the shielding gas and pneumatic powder feeding source, and the gas flow rate is selected as 15L / min; the laser cladding equipment is a synchronous powder feeding equipment, and a programmable PLC control system is used to control the robotic arm to complete the focal length adjustment. The focal length of the spot is 500mm, and the laser spot used is a circular spot with a spot radius of 1mm.

[0072] The laser cladding preset path is set by first processing the left straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer and then processing the right straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer, and the cladding work of the cladding strengthening layer 3 on the working surface 2 of the cutting edge 1 of the biomass crusher is completed, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 301: Fix the cutting edge to a horizontal workbench with the working surface facing upward;

[0074] Step 302: Adjust the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms a 45-degree inclination angle with the surface to be processed; start the laser cladding equipment and complete the cladding process of the right triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the left side of the surface to be processed according to the set process parameters;

[0075] In this embodiment, both the left straight triangular prism weld reinforcement layer and the right straight triangular prism weld reinforcement layer use a programmable PLC control system to control the robotic arm to complete focal length adjustment and achieve preset path welding work. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the laser cladding route for forming the left-side straight triangular prism weld-clad strengthening layer. Following the preset path, the cladding direction is perpendicular to the processing surface, the incident angle is controlled at 45°, and the laser cladding process is performed in the order of abcdef. This results in the left-side straight triangular prism weld-clad strengthening layer.

[0076] Step 303: Adjust the laser cladding equipment so that the incident direction of the laser forms an inclination angle of 135 degrees with the plane to be processed; start the laser cladding equipment and complete the cladding processing of the right side straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer of the processing plane according to the set process parameters. When processing the right side straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer, the high-energy laser will "weld" the interfaces of the left and right straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layers to form a metallurgical bond to ensure strength. After completing the processing of the left and right straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layers according to the preset path, a cladding strengthening layer 3 with an overall structure of a straight triangular prism can be obtained. In this embodiment, the angle of the top edge of the cladding strengthening layer is 90°, and its structural diagram is shown as follows. Figure 1 Specifically, according to the service performance requirements of the cutting edge, the processing parameters and the inclination angle in the processing steps can be selected to prepare a straight triangular prism weld-deposited strengthening layer with a specific height and top edge angle.

[0077] Step 4: Post-processing of the welded strengthening layer: Use 150 mesh, 250 mesh, and 400 mesh sandpaper in sequence to polish the surface of the welded strengthening layer to make its surface smooth, and finally obtain the biomass crusher cutting edge with a welded strengthening layer on the working surface.

[0078] Performance test of weld-deposited strengthening layer

[0079] A Vickers hardness tester was used to test the hardness of the weld-bonded strengthening layer 3 obtained in Example 1. In the hardness test, the load was selected as 3N, the dwell time was selected as 10s, and 9 points were selected at intervals of 0.1mm in the substrate area to test its microhardness. 9 points were selected at intervals of 0.1mm in the weld-bonded strengthening layer 3 area to test its microhardness. A scanning electron microscope was used to observe the microstructure morphology of the weld-bonded strengthening layer, and the scanning magnification was selected as 400 times, 1000 times, 2000 times, and 10000 times. The microhardness of the weld-bonded strengthening layer 3 obtained by the test is shown in Table 3 below:

[0080] Table 3

[0081]

[0082] As shown in Table 3, the average microhardness of the substrate before deposition is 638 HV; the scanning electron microscope image of the strengthening layer obtained by deposition according to the embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 5 ) It can be seen that superhard phase appeared in the deposited layer, and its microhardness values ​​were 3126HV, 2471HV, and 3182HV; the average microhardness of the non-superhard phase area of ​​the deposited layer was 920.4HV, which was 282.4HV higher than that of the substrate area, with an increase of 44.26%, achieving an extremely significant improvement in hardness performance.

[0083] Furthermore, Figure 5 It can be seen that the weld-clad strengthening layer produced by the present invention, using high-performance metal-based composite strengthening powder as the weld alloy powder in combination with laser welding, has excellent molding quality, with no microcracks observed under a scanning electron microscope and negligible micropores. The superhard phase has good wettability, a blurred boundary with the non-superhard phase region, and a good transition, which significantly improves the hardness of the weld-clad layer while maintaining toughness. This coupled effect significantly enhances the wear resistance of the weld-clad strengthening layer.

[0084] In summary, in this embodiment, a straight triangular prism-shaped welded strengthening layer formed by laser cladding is provided on the working surface of the cutting edge of the biomass crusher. The average microhardness of the welded strengthening layer is excellent. At the same time, a large amount of superhard phase is dispersed in the welded strengthening layer, so that the cutting edge after welding has high hardness and strong wear resistance, effectively enhancing its service performance. The service life is increased from 12 natural days to 24 natural days, an increase of 100%.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser cladding strengthening method for strengthening the cutting edge of a biomass crusher, comprising the following steps:

[0087] Step 1: Prepare and pretreat the deposited alloy powder;

[0088] This embodiment uses a high-performance metal-based composite strengthening powder as the deposited alloy powder. The deposited alloy powder consists of three components, calculated by weight percentage: high-performance alloy powder: 8 wt.% Cr, 7 wt.% Mn, 60 wt.% Fe, and 10 wt.% Ni; high-performance strengthening powder: 3 wt.% WC, 1 wt.% SiC, 2 wt.% VC, 1 wt.% TiN, and 2 wt.% NbN; and molding strengthening powder: 1 wt.% CaF2, 3 wt.% SiO2, 1 wt.% Na3AlF6, and 1 wt.% K3AlF6. The pretreatment method for the deposited alloy powder is the same as in step 1 of Example 1.

[0089] Step 2: Pre-treat the position of the biomass crusher cutting edge to be strengthened; use a handheld angle grinder to grind the surface of the steel cutting edge to be processed for 90 seconds to remove the surface oxide layer and stains; preferably, use 150 mesh, 400 mesh, 800 mesh, and 1200 mesh sandpaper in sequence to grind the position to be strengthened to give it good surface flatness; use anhydrous ethanol to wash for 10 seconds and dry for 90 seconds.

[0090] Step 3: Set the laser cladding equipment process parameters and processing procedures to complete the cladding work of the cladding strengthening layer 3 on the working surface 2 of the cutting edge 1 of the biomass crusher;

[0091] The laser cladding equipment used in this embodiment is composed of Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the process parameters of laser cladding are set as follows: laser power 1200W, scanning speed 4 mm / s, powder feeding rate 20g / min, overlap rate 60%, argon is used as shielding gas and pneumatic powder feeding source, and the gas flow rate is selected as 10L / min; the laser cladding equipment is a synchronous powder feeding equipment, and a programmable PLC control system is used to control the robotic arm to complete the focal length adjustment. The focal length of the spot is 500mm, and the laser spot used is a circular spot with a spot radius of 1.5mm.

[0092] The laser cladding preset path is set by first processing the left straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer and then processing the right straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer, and the cladding work of the cladding strengthening layer 3 on the working surface 2 of the cutting edge 1 of the biomass crusher is completed, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0093] Step 301: Fix the cutting edge to a horizontal workbench with the working surface facing upward;

[0094] Step 302: Adjust the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms a 30-degree inclination angle with the surface to be processed; start the laser cladding equipment and complete the cladding process of the right triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the left side of the surface to be processed according to the set process parameters;

[0095] Step 303: Adjust the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms an inclination angle of 150 degrees with the surface to be processed; start the laser cladding equipment and complete the cladding process of the right triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the right side of the processing surface according to the set process parameters.

[0096] Step 4: Post-processing of the welded strengthening layer: Use 150 mesh, 250 mesh, and 400 mesh sandpaper in sequence to polish the surface of the welded strengthening layer to make its surface smooth, and finally obtain the biomass crusher cutting edge with a welded strengthening layer on the working surface.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser cladding strengthening method for strengthening the cutting edge of a biomass crusher, comprising the following steps:

[0099] Step 1: Prepare and pretreat the deposited alloy powder;

[0100] This example uses a high-performance metal-based composite strengthening powder as the deposited alloy powder. The deposited alloy powder consists of three components, calculated by weight percentage: high-performance alloy powder: 15 wt.% Cr, 10 wt.% Mn, 25 wt.% Fe, and 15 wt.% Ni; high-performance strengthening powder: 6 wt.% WC, 4 wt.% SiC, 5 wt.% VC, 4 wt.% TiN, and 5 wt.% NbN; and molding strengthening powder: CaF22, 5 wt.% SiO2, 5 wt.% Na3AlF62, and K3AlF62. The pretreatment method for the deposited alloy powder is the same as in step 1 of Example 1.

[0101] Step 2: Pre-treat the position of the biomass crusher cutting edge to be strengthened; use a handheld angle grinder to grind the surface of the steel cutting edge to be processed for 90 seconds to remove the surface oxide layer and stains; preferably, use 150 mesh, 400 mesh, 800 mesh, and 1200 mesh sandpaper in sequence to grind the position to be strengthened to give it good surface flatness; use anhydrous ethanol to wash for 10 seconds and dry for 90 seconds.

[0102] Step 3: Set the laser cladding equipment process parameters and processing procedures to complete the cladding work of the cladding strengthening layer 3 on the working surface 2 of the cutting edge 1 of the biomass crusher;

[0103] The laser cladding equipment used in this embodiment is composed of Figure 3As shown in the figure, the process parameters of laser cladding are set as follows: laser power 1800W, scanning speed 10 mm / s, powder feeding rate 40g / min, overlap rate 40%, argon is used as shielding gas and pneumatic powder feeding source, and the gas flow rate is selected as 18L / min; the laser cladding equipment is a synchronous powder feeding equipment, and a programmable PLC control system is used to control the robotic arm to complete the focal length adjustment. The focal length of the spot is 500mm, and the laser spot used is a circular spot with a spot radius of 2mm.

[0104] The laser cladding preset path is set by first processing the left straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer and then processing the right straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer, and the cladding work of the cladding strengthening layer 3 on the working surface 2 of the cutting edge 1 of the biomass crusher is completed, specifically including the following steps:

[0105] Step 301: Fix the cutting edge to a horizontal workbench with the working surface facing upward;

[0106] Step 302: Adjust the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms a 40-degree inclination angle with the surface to be processed; start the laser cladding equipment and complete the cladding process of the right triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the left side of the surface to be processed according to the set process parameters;

[0107] Step 303: Adjust the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms an inclination angle of 140 degrees with the surface to be processed; start the laser cladding equipment and complete the cladding process of the right triangular prism cladding strengthening layer on the right side of the processing surface according to the set process parameters.

[0108] Step 4: Post-processing of the welded strengthening layer: Use 150 mesh, 250 mesh, and 400 mesh sandpaper in sequence to grind the surface of the welded strengthening layer to make its surface smooth, and finally obtain the biomass crusher cutting edge with a welded strengthening layer on the working surface.

[0109] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the implementation mode and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the contents of the present invention specification should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology, characterized in that: It comprises a cutting edge body (1), wherein a working surface (2) of the cutting edge body (1) is provided with a weld-clad strengthening layer (3) formed by laser welding; The alloy powder used in the laser cladding comprises, by weight percentage: High performance alloy powder: Cr 8wt.%-15 wt.%; Mn 7wt.%-10 wt.%; Fe 25wt.%-60 wt.%; Ni10wt.%-15 wt.%; High-performance strengthening powder: WC 3wt.%-6 wt.%; SiC 1wt.%-4 wt.%; VC 2wt.%-5 wt.%; TiN1wt.%-4 wt.%; NbN 2wt.%-5 wt.%; Molding strengthening powder: CaF2 1wt.%-2 wt.%; SiO2 3wt.%-5 wt.%; Na3AlF6 1wt.%-2 wt.%; K3AlF6 1wt.%-2 wt.%; The weld-bonded strengthening layer (3) is in the form of a right triangular prism structure, the bottom surface of the right triangular prism is an isosceles triangle, and the vertex angle of the isosceles triangle is 90-120°.

2. The biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A superhard phase is evenly distributed in the weld-bonded strengthening layer (3), and the hardness value of the superhard phase is 2471-3182 HV.

3. The biomass crusher cutting edge based on laser cladding technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the weld-bonded strengthening layer (3) is 5.8-10 mm.

4. A method for strengthening the cutting edge of a biomass crusher based on laser cladding technology according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Prepare and pretreat deposited alloy powder; S2, pre-treating the working surface (2) of the cutting edge of the biomass crusher; S3, setting the process parameters and processing steps of the laser cladding equipment, using laser cladding to process the left straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer (31) and the right straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer (32) on the working surface of the cutting edge of the biomass crusher, respectively, to obtain a cladding strengthening layer (3) with a straight triangular prism structure; S4, post-processing the weld-deposited strengthening layer (3).

5. The strengthening method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step S1 , the particle size of the deposited alloy powder is 50-150 μm; the pretreatment of the deposited alloy powder includes: ball milling and drying the deposited alloy powder.

6. The strengthening method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step S2, the pretreatment of the working surface includes: removing the surface oxide layer and stains of the working surface, improving the surface flatness, cleaning and drying.

7. The strengthening method according to claim 4, wherein: In step S3, the parameters of laser cladding include: laser power of 1200-1800 W, scanning speed of 4-10 mm / s, powder feeding rate of 20-40 g / min, and overlap rate of 40%-60%.

8. The strengthening method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step S3, the laser spot of laser cladding is a circular spot with a spot radius of 1-2 mm and a spot focal length of 500 mm. Laser cladding adopts synchronous powder feeding equipment, uses argon as the shielding gas and pneumatic powder feeding source, and the gas flow rate is 10-18 L / min.

9. The strengthening method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, a programmable PLC control system is used to control the robotic arm to complete focal length adjustment and achieve preset path welding work.

10. The strengthening method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: S301, fixing the cutting edge on a horizontal workbench with the working surface vertically facing upward; S302, adjusting the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms an inclination angle of 30-45 degrees with the plane to be processed, starting the laser cladding equipment, and completing the cladding process of the straight triangular prism cladding strengthening layer (31) on the left side of the plane to be processed according to the set process parameters; S303, adjusting the laser cladding equipment so that the laser incident direction forms an inclination angle of 135-150 degrees with the plane to be processed; starting the laser cladding equipment, and completing the cladding processing of the right right triangular prism cladding strengthening layer (32) on the plane to be processed according to the set process parameters.

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