Short-side arranged coarse-grain fluidized flotation device for underground operation and coal preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a short-side arranged coarse-grained fluidized flotation device and coal preparation method for underground operations, belonging to the field of mineral processing and resource recovery technology, and solving the problems of low sorting accuracy and low efficiency caused by limited sorting space in existing underground coal preparation operations. The present invention provides a short-side arranged trough-type coarse-grained fluidized flotation device suitable for underground operations, comprising a flotation unit, a fluidized water unit and a pulp unit, wherein the fluidized water unit is used to provide fluidized water, and the pulp unit is used to provide pulp; the flotation unit comprises a flotation column, and the flotation column comprises a flotation column body and a concentrate overflow trough, wherein the concentrate overflow trough is provided at the top of the flotation column body, and the inner cavity of the flotation column body is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber. The present invention achieves effective improvement of the overall coarse-grained mineral flotation efficiency from the three processes of feeding, sorting and discharging, and provides a basis for the deep quality improvement and efficient utilization of low-quality coarse-grained minerals by fluidized flotation in underground operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing and resource recovery, and in particular to a short-side arranged coarse-grained fluidized flotation device for underground operations and a coal preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Amidst increasingly fierce global competition for resources, the efficient development and utilization of coal and mineral resources is crucial for ensuring energy security and promoting the development of emerging industries. However, with declining ore quality, increasing mining costs, and increasingly complex process flows, traditional flotation technology is no longer able to meet the stringent standards of modern mineral processing. Reducing energy consumption and emissions in mineral processing plants, particularly in the context of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, has become a pressing issue.

[0003] Coarse-grained fluidized-bed column separation technology is becoming a research hotspot due to its significant advantages in reducing energy consumption and promoting tailings resource utilization. Compared with traditional methods that rely on photoelectric separation and gravity separation, the emergence of this technology makes it possible to efficiently separate millimeter-sized materials, opening up new avenues for deep pre-selection of low-grade mineral resources and the reuse of waste ore.

[0004] Underground coal preparation technology is a coal sorting process performed directly underground in coal mines. This method allows freshly mined coal to be processed and sorted immediately at the mining site, rather than transporting all raw coal to surface preparation plants for subsequent processing. The primary goal of underground coal preparation is to remove impurities such as gangue and silt from the coal, thereby improving coal quality while reducing unnecessary material transportation to the surface, thereby lowering costs and alleviating environmental impact. Despite this, underground coal preparation currently faces several challenges, such as limited sorting space and low sorting accuracy. These issues not only limit the installation and operational flexibility of underground sorting equipment, but also lead to reduced sorting efficiency, reduced processing capacity, and impacted equipment maintenance and service life. Therefore, the development of short-side trough coarse-grain fluidized flotation equipment suitable for underground operations has become increasingly urgent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a short-side trough-type coarse-particle fluidized flotation device suitable for underground operations, so as to solve the problems of low sorting accuracy and low efficiency caused by limited sorting space in existing underground coal preparation operations.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a short-side arranged trough type coarse particle fluidized flotation device suitable for underground operation, comprising a flotation unit, a fluidized water unit and a slurry unit, wherein the fluidized water unit is used to provide fluidized water, and the slurry unit is used to provide slurry;

[0007] The flotation unit includes a flotation column, which includes a flotation column body and a concentrate overflow trough. The concentrate overflow trough is arranged on the top of the flotation column body, and the inner cavity of the flotation column body is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, a pulp inlet is provided at the upper end of the flotation column, and the pulp inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the flotation column.

[0009] Furthermore, the flotation unit further includes a feed conveying pipe and an inclined feed pipe arranged in the flotation column.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the feed conveying pipe is communicated with the slurry feed port, and the other end is communicated with the inclined feed pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a spiral scraper discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the flotation column, and the spiral scraper discharge pipe is connected to the tailings discharge port of the flotation column.

[0012] Furthermore, the spiral scraper discharge pipe has an inclination angle of 20-40°.

[0013] Furthermore, the fluidized water unit includes a water tank, a water main pipe, a diversion controller, a first water branch pipe and a second water branch pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the water supply main pipe is connected to the water tank, and the other end is connected to the diversion controller, and one end of the first water supply branch pipe and one end of the second water supply branch pipe are both connected to the diversion controller.

[0015] Furthermore, the slurry unit includes a slurry mixing barrel and a slurry supply pipe, one end of the slurry supply pipe is connected to one end of the slurry mixing barrel, and the other end is connected to the slurry inlet.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a coal preparation method suitable for underground operations, which uses the above-mentioned short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device to perform coal preparation operations.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The inner cavity of the flotation column of the present invention is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber connected at the upper end, forming a one-tank two-chamber structure. The tailings cone section at the lower end of the flotation column is provided with four opposing inclined water distribution plates, and the column section at the upper end of the flotation column is provided with an array of inclined water supply pipes, which realizes loose and uniform distribution of the feed while promoting rapid transportation of the feed and sorted concentrate, shortening the time; the tailings are automatically discharged by combining the pressure difference solenoid valve with the spiral scraper discharge pipe, while increasing the tailings discharge rate, and the spiral discharge method also dehydrates the tailings to a certain extent; the present invention achieves effective improvement in the overall coarse-grained mineral flotation efficiency from the three processes of feeding, sorting and discharging, providing a basis for deep quality improvement and efficient utilization of low-quality coarse-grained minerals in fluidized flotation under underground operations.

[0019] (2) The short-side arrangement of the sorting process of the present invention can effectively increase the feed volume of the sorting, enhance the processing capacity of the fluidized flotation device, and meet the production requirements of underground operations for "large and fast" sorting results; the shorter sorting process accelerates the sorting rate, and the compact layout minimizes the occupation of the tunnel space, providing protection for underground mining operations and worker safety.

[0020] (3) The present invention adjusts the inclination angle of the water distribution plate according to the feed slurry flow rate, so that the four opposite inclined feed pipes and the four opposite water distribution plates are synergistically coupled, which promotes the diffusion of bubbles and enhances the flotation quality, thereby improving the sorting efficiency and flexibility.

[0021] (4) The coarse-grained fluidized flotation device of the present invention can quickly, efficiently and flexibly sort and pre-discard coal according to the coal quality characteristics of different coal seams by adjusting the flotation process parameters and reagent system during underground operations, thereby improving sorting efficiency, reducing mine transportation pressure and increasing mine production capacity; the compact short-side layout effectively reduces space occupation and ensures the reliability and safety of underground operations; the integration of underground "mining-sorting-filling" greatly improves the comprehensive utilization rate of resources, optimizes the sorting and pre-discarding processes, and realizes the strengthening of the sorting and utilization process of low-quality coarse-grained mineral resources in underground operations.

[0022] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned through practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference symbols denote the same components.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a coarse particle fluidized flotation device with short sides arranged in a specific embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic front view of a coarse particle fluidized flotation device with short sides arranged in a specific embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rubber sealing structure of the water distribution plate in a specific embodiment.

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] 100-flotation unit; 101-flotation column; 102-flotation column; 103-concentrate overflow trough; 104-first chamber; 105-second chamber; 106-partition plate; 107-concentrate discharge port; 108-feeding pipe; 109-inclined feed pipe; 110-slurry feed port; 111-pressure sensor; 112-accident discharge port; 113-spiral scraper discharge pipe; 114-first solenoid valve; 200-fluidized water unit; 201-water tank; 202- Diversion controller; 203-first water branch pipe; 204-second water branch pipe; 205-supplementary water pipe; 206-first diversion pipe valve; 207-bubble generator; 208-water distribution plate; 209-liquid flow meter; 210-second diversion pipe valve; 211-first centrifugal pump; 212-air pump; 213-gas pipe; 214-gas flow meter; 215-water main pipe; 300-slurry unit; 301-slurry mixing barrel; 302-slurry pump; 303-slurry supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 As shown, a short-side arranged coarse-grained fluidized flotation device for underground operation is disclosed, which includes a flotation unit 100, a fluidizing water unit 200 and a pulp unit 300. The fluidizing water unit 200 provides fluidizing water to the flotation unit 100, and the pulp unit 300 provides pulp to the flotation unit 100.

[0032] It should be noted that the short side arrangement in this embodiment means that the long side of the equipment is arranged perpendicular to the roadway direction, and the short side of the device containing two chambers is parallel to the roadway. Figure 1As shown, the flotation unit 100 includes a flotation column 101, and the flotation column 101 includes a flotation column body 102 and a concentrate overflow trough 103. The concentrate overflow trough 103 is provided at the top of the flotation column body 102. Figure 2 As shown, the interior of the flotation column 102 is divided into a first chamber 104 and a second chamber 105. The first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105 are arranged side by side in a horizontal (or front-to-back) manner. The upper end of the first chamber 104 is connected to the upper end of the second chamber 105, while the lower end of the first chamber 104 and the lower end of the second chamber 105 are not connected, forming a one-tank, two-chamber structure. The first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105 have the same structure, with a cylindrical upper section and a conical lower section.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, a partition plate 106 is provided in the middle of the first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105. This partition plate 106 separates the first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105 into a one-trough, two-chamber structure. Specifically, the partition plate 106 is located at the lower end of the column section of the first chamber 104 and the column section of the second chamber 105, separating the lower ends of the two. The lower end of the partition plate 106 is connected to the upper end of the cone section of the first chamber 104 and the upper end of the cone section of the second chamber 105.

[0034] It is worth noting that the length of a single chamber of the fluidized flotation cell (i.e., the inner cavity of the flotation column 102) is generally 0.8-1.0 m, preferably 0.8 m. Considering the limited underground operating conditions, the height of the separation cell (i.e., the column section of the flotation column 102) is generally consistent with its length, preferably 0.8 m. The height of the bottom tailings cone (i.e., the cone section of the flotation column 102) is generally set to 0.5 m, and the inclination angle of the cone wall is as described in the above-mentioned specific embodiment. The top overflow weir (i.e., the concentrate overflow trough 103) is set 0.1 m higher than the top of the separation cell (i.e., the flotation column 102), and the inclination angle is generally set to 20-40°. Here, considering the limited underground operating conditions and compact layout, 30° is preferred.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a concentrate discharge port 107 is provided at the bottom end of the concentrate overflow trough 103 . It can be understood that the concentrate in the flotation column 102 floats up into the concentrate overflow trough 103 and can be discharged through the concentrate discharge port 107 .

[0036] Considering the slurry feed, such as Figure 1As shown, the flotation unit 100 further includes a feed pipe 108 and an inclined feed pipe 109. A slurry feed port 110 is provided at the upper end of the flotation column 102. The slurry feed port 110 is in communication with the inner cavity of the flotation column 102. The feed pipe 108 is provided at the upper portion of the inner cavity of the flotation column 102. One end of the feed pipe 108 is in communication with the slurry feed port 110, and the other end is in communication with the inclined feed pipe 109. A plurality of inclined feed pipes 109 are provided, and the plurality of inclined feed pipes 109 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the feed pipe 108. Preferably, four inclined feed pipes 109 are provided, and the four inclined feed pipes 109 are located in four directions. For example, the four inclined feed pipes 109 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the feed pipe 108.

[0037] In this embodiment, multiple inclined feed pipes 109 are provided at the upper end of the inner cavity of the flotation column 102. These are evenly distributed around the circumference of the feed conveyor pipe 108. The four-way tilted feeding of the inclined feed pipes 109 increases the feed volume per unit time while also causing the feed to fall and disperse along the spatial cross-section. This achieves rapid dispersion within the space from the feed angle and improves the efficiency of the reagent dispersion. The tilt angle of the inclined feed pipes 109 is generally set to 45-75°, preferably 60°.

[0038] In order to monitor the tailings accumulation state in the flotation column 102 so as to discharge the tailings at the appropriate time, Figure 1 As shown, the flotation cell 100 further includes a plurality of pressure sensors 111, each of which is arranged along the height of the flotation column 102. Preferably, the pressure sensors 111 are positioned below the slurry inlet 110 and are evenly spaced. The pressure sensors 111 monitor the tailings accumulation in real time. Tailings are discharged when the pressure reaches a preset upper limit, and are stopped when the pressure drops to a preset lower limit. This prevents excessive discharge from causing a sudden change in the fluidized bed pressure, thereby ensuring the stability of the fluidized bed.

[0039] It should be noted that since the inner cavity of the flotation column 102 is divided into a first chamber 104 and a second chamber 105, the lower ends of the first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105 can be used to collect tailings. Therefore, pressure sensors 111 are provided on the cylinder walls corresponding to the first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an emergency discharge port 112 and a spiral scraper discharge pipe 113 are provided at the lower end of the flotation column 102. The emergency discharge port 112 is located in the conical section of the flotation column 102, and the spiral scraper discharge pipe 113 is connected to the tailings discharge port of the flotation column 102. A first electromagnetic valve 114 is provided at the connection between the spiral scraper discharge pipe 113 and the tailings discharge port. When tailings need to be discharged, the first electromagnetic valve 114 opens, and the spiral scraper discharge pipe 113 is used for discharge. This achieves automatic tailings discharge while increasing the tailings discharge rate. At the same time, the spiral discharge method also dehydrates the tailings to a certain extent. In addition, if equipment failure or regular maintenance is required, the slurry in the device can be quickly emptied through the emergency discharge port 112. The diameter of the emergency discharge port 112 is designed to accommodate maintenance workers entering the tank for maintenance.

[0041] It is worth noting that, in order to adapt to underground operations, the tailings discharge port length of the flotation column 102 should not be too long, generally selected from 0.1-0.3 m, preferably 0.1 m, the spiral scraper discharge pipe 113 is generally installed at an inclined angle of 20-40°, and also preferably 20° to adapt to the restricted height conditions underground. The speed of the spiral scraper is generally 800-1000 rpm, and considering the motor guarantee use and rapid tailings discharge, 900 rpm is preferred.

[0042] In this embodiment, by combining the pressure sensor 111, the first electromagnetic valve 114 and the spiral scraper discharge pipe 113, based on the real-time monitoring of the bed pressure drop by the pressure sensor 111, when the pressure difference reaches the upper limit of the set range, the tailings discharge port is opened, and the tailings are quickly discharged through the spiral scraper discharge pipe 113, and a certain degree of dehydration is achieved. This structure can quickly discharge the tailings after sorting, and quickly process the settled tailings after sorting, avoiding the adverse effect of the slow tailings discharge time on the entire flotation time, and realizing the rapid discharge and dehydration of the tailings in the tailings discharge stage. Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized water unit 200 includes a water tank 201, a water supply main pipe 215, a diversion controller 202, a first water supply branch pipe 203 and a second water supply branch pipe 204. One end of the water supply main pipe 215 is connected to the water tank 201, and the other end is connected to the diversion controller 202. One end of the first water supply branch pipe 203 and one end of the second water supply branch pipe 204 are both connected to the diversion controller 202.

[0043] In order to add water to the flotation column 102, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the fluidized water unit 200 further includes a plurality of supplementary water pipes 205, each of which is evenly distributed around the flotation column 102. The upper ends of the supplementary water pipes 205 communicate with the inner cavity of the flotation column 102, while the lower ends of the supplementary water pipes 205 are connected to the other end of the second water branch pipe 204. To control the water flow rate in the second water branch pipe 204, a first diverter valve 206 is provided on the second water branch pipe 204.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized water unit 200 further includes a bubble generator 207 and a water distribution plate 208. The bubble generator 207 is provided on the first water supply branch pipe 203. The water distribution plate 208 is provided inside the flotation column 102, specifically in the conical section of the flotation column 102. There are multiple water distribution plates 208, which are inclined and evenly spaced in the conical section of the flotation column 102. The water distribution plates 208 face the inner cavity of the flotation column 102. The first water supply branch pipe 203 is connected to the water distribution plates 208. Preferably, there are four water distribution plates 208, which are arranged in four opposite directions.

[0045] It is worth noting that Figure 3 As shown, a one-way ring-shaped rubber seal is provided on the air outlet of the water distribution plate 208, which can ensure the normal feeding of bubbles and reagents while preventing material blockage caused by tailings sinking, etc., effectively improving the service life of the water distribution plate 208 and reducing the amount of equipment maintenance. Figure 3 The figure shows an enlarged schematic diagram of a particular outlet of water distribution plate 208. The tilt angle of water distribution plate 208 can be adjusted based on the incoming material's falling conditions, typically ranging from 30-60°, with 45° being preferred. Therefore, a tilt control device for water distribution plate 208 is provided, such as a hydraulic tilt mechanism. Any structure capable of achieving tilt control is acceptable.

[0046] In this embodiment, by arranging four water distribution plates 208 inclined opposite to each other at the bottom of the trough, four inclined feed pipes 109 opposed to each other above the trough, and an array of inclined upper water supply pipes 205 on the trough wall, a fluidized state can be quickly achieved, achieving loose and uniform distribution of the feed, while promoting rapid transportation of the feed and the sorted concentrate, thereby shortening the time.

[0047] In order to control the water flow velocity and flow rate in the first water delivery branch pipe 203, as shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown, the fluidized water unit 200 further includes a liquid flow meter 209 and a second diverter valve 210, both of which are located on the first water branch pipe 203. To transport water from the water tank 201 to the flotation column 102, the fluidized water unit 200 further includes a first centrifugal pump 211, which is located on the first water branch pipe 203. It is understood that a second centrifugal pump (not shown) is located on the second water branch pipe 204.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized water unit 200 further includes an air pump 212 , an air pipe 213 and a gas flow meter 214 . One end of the air pipe 213 is connected to the air pump 212 , and the other end is connected to the bubble generator 207 . The gas flow meter 214 is provided on the air pipe 213 .

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the slurry unit 300 includes a slurry mixing barrel 301, a slurry pump 302 and a slurry supply pipe 303. The slurry pump 302 is arranged on the slurry supply pipe 303 to provide power for the slurry in the slurry mixing barrel 301. One end of the slurry supply pipe 303 is connected to one end of the slurry mixing barrel 301, and the other end is connected to the slurry inlet 110.

[0050] This embodiment is particularly suitable for the recovery of coarse-grained valuable minerals of coal and various mineral resources in underground operations and the design of pre-disposal of ore after mining. Based on the rapid underground coal selection, it effectively realizes the integration of "mining-selection-filling", reduces the transportation cost of the mine, and improves the economic benefits. The overall structural design of "one tank and two chambers" is adopted. At the same time, the structural design is combined with the four-sided inclined opposite arrangement of the water distribution plate 208 at the bottom of the tank and the four-sided inclined feed pipe 109, as well as the array-type inclined upper water supply on the tank wall. While achieving loose and uniform distribution of the feed, it promotes the rapid transportation of the feed and the sorted concentrate, shortening the time; the bottom tailings discharge adopts a structural design combining a pressure difference electromagnetic valve with a spiral scraper discharge pipe 113, which realizes automatic tailings discharge while increasing the tailings discharge rate. At the same time, the spiral discharge method also dehydrates the tailings to a certain extent. Based on this, the flotation device of this embodiment achieves effective improvement in the overall flotation efficiency of coarse-grained minerals from the three processes of feeding, sorting, and discharging, providing a basis for the deep quality improvement and efficient utilization of low-quality coarse-grained minerals in fluidized flotation in underground operations.

[0051] The short-side layout design of the sorting process of this embodiment shows its advantages in many aspects. First, it can effectively increase the feed volume of sorting, enhance the processing capacity of the fluidized flotation device, and meet the production requirements of "large and fast" sorting results for underground operations. Secondly, the shorter sorting process accelerates the sorting rate, and the compact layout minimizes the occupation of tunnel space, providing protection for underground mining operations and worker safety. In addition, the design of the one-side inclined pump feed delivery pipe 108 and the four-sided inclined feed pipe 109 not only improves the feed rate, but also solves the problem of uneven feed distribution. Combined with the structure of the four-sided inclined opposing water distribution plates 208, the fluidized state can be quickly achieved. The three-sided inclined concentrate overflow trough 103 at the top except for the feed side, and the oblique upper feeding design of the trough side for adding water, speed up the collection and discharge speed of the concentrate after sorting, and reduce the time for sorting and transportation.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Another specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a coal preparation method suitable for underground operations, using the short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operations of Example 1, and the steps include:

[0054] Step S1: inspecting the trough fluidized bed flotation device.

[0055] First, confirm that the accident discharge port 112 and the tailings discharge port are in a closed state to prevent accidental leakage of the mineral particles to be sorted. After a comprehensive inspection, the sorting process can begin.

[0056] Step S2: Add a foaming agent to pre-fluidize the water.

[0057] The air pump 212 is turned on, and the air velocity in the air delivery pipe 213 is adjusted by the air pump 212. The gas velocity can be adjusted within the range of 0.3-1.2 m / s according to the sorting conditions.

[0058] Open the pipeline valve (second diversion pipe valve 210) of the water tank 201, allowing the clean water to be pressurized by the first centrifugal pump 211. The pressurized water flow rate can be precisely adjusted using the liquid flow meter 209. The water then flows through the bubble generator 207, acting as a fluidizing medium, and enters the interior of the flotation column 102 through the four inclined water distribution plates 208. As the high-speed (adjustable between 2.0 and 8.0 m / s, depending on the feed properties) clean water flows through the bubble generator 207, the negative pressure in the throat of the bubble generator 207 causes cavitation, generating micro-nano-sized bubbles. These bubbles then pass through the water distribution plates 208 and enter the bottom of the flotation column 102 (i.e., the tank). With the upward flow of the water, they diffuse upward from bottom to top throughout the tank.

[0059] The foaming agent usually includes pine oil (No. 2 oil), methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) and diethyl phthalate, among which pine oil (No. 2 oil) is preferred. The foaming agent (usually set at 5-15 g / m 3 , adjusted according to the bubble dispersion) is added to the water tank 201, mixed with the clean water and then enters the tank body. After the bubbles are evenly dispersed in the tank space, the second diversion pipe valve 210 is closed to complete the preparation work of the entire process.

[0060] It should be noted that the diffusion of bubbles in the tank space can be measured by the pressure drop of faults at different heights using the pressure sensor 111, and the cloud map of the gas content distribution can be directly visualized using electrical resistance tomography to reflect the bubble diffusion.

[0061] Step S3: adding a collector to pre-mix the slurry.

[0062] Add collector (usually 200-800 g / m3) to the mixing barrel 301. 3 , adjusted according to the specific sorting conditions). Collectors generally include sodium ethyl xanthate, sodium isopropyl xanthate, sodium (potassium) butyl xanthate, sodium (potassium) isobutyl xanthate, etc., with sodium ethyl xanthate (ethyl xanthate) being preferred. Based on relevant research, the slurry concentration can be set to 30-40% (adjusted according to the specific sorting conditions and mineral properties). The slurry adjustment time can be set to 3-5 minutes (the specific time can be adjusted according to the fine-particle mineral content of the slurry and the sorting efficiency, etc.). After the raw slurry is pressurized by the slurry pump 302 on the slurry supply pipe 303, it enters the interior of the flotation column 102 through the slurry inlet 110 extending to the wall of the fluidized flotation cell.

[0063] Step S4: trough flotation process control.

[0064] Feed material is discharged from the mixing barrel 301 through the inclined feed conveyor pipe 108 and the four-sided inclined feed pipe 109 into the trough sorting chamber. During the sorting process, the flow rate of the annular array-type supplemental water added to the trough side should be adjusted according to the concentrate transport situation. To conserve water, the supplemental water valve (i.e., the first diversion pipe valve 206) can be opened 3-5 minutes after the start of feeding. The sorted concentrate particles float up, are collected through the concentrate overflow trough 103, and are discharged at the concentrate discharge port 107. The tailings particles sink to the bottom of the trough, and the tailings accumulation status is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor 111. When the pressure reaches the preset upper limit, the first solenoid valve 114 automatically opens to discharge the tailings through the spiral scraper discharge pipe 113. When the pressure drops to the preset lower limit, the first solenoid valve 114 closes to prevent excessive discharge from causing a sudden change in the fluidized bed pressure and ensure the stability of the fluidized bed. The water distribution plate 208 is regulated according to the feed slurry flow rate. The mathematical model for the inclination angle of the water distribution plate 208 and the slurry flow rate is as follows:

[0065] ;

[0066] Wherein, θ is the tilt angle of the water distribution plate 208, °; θ org , the initial tilt angle of the water distribution plate 208, °; Q, the detection slurry flow, m 3 / h;Q ave , average slurry flow, that is, half of the critical maximum slurry flow, m 3 / h;Q max , critical maximum slurry flow, m 3 / h;θ cst , modulation angle (i.e. angle adjustment amount), °.

[0067] It should be noted that the initial inclination angle of the water distribution plate 208 is generally set to 45°, and the critical maximum slurry flow rate is set according to the early discharge pipeline loss assessment and equipment maintenance and sorting conditions, and is initially set to 150 m 3 / h (single chamber capacity). The modulation angle can be adjusted on-site based on factors such as material properties and slurry concentration, and is initially set to 30°. An emergency stop control is also provided. When the detected flow rate exceeds the critical maximum slurry flow rate, a sorting anomaly is indicated and the feeding device is urgently stopped. To obtain the slurry flow rate, a flow monitoring device must be installed on the slurry supply pipe 303.

[0068] The fluidized bed flotation column in this embodiment, based on fluidization technology, can efficiently and rapidly separate and discharge coarse-grained minerals mined underground, realizing the integrated concept of "mining, sorting, and filling" underground. This not only significantly improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources, enhances mine production capacity, and reduces transportation burdens, but also, by precisely adjusting process parameters such as air intake, water flow rate, and reagent system, it can improve the fluidized bed flotation device's adaptability to the characteristics of different coal seams and types, thereby enhancing separation efficiency and flexibility.

[0069] During underground operations, the coarse-grained mineral fluidized flotation device of this embodiment can quickly, efficiently, and flexibly sort and pre-discard different coal seam characteristics by adjusting the flotation process parameters and reagent system, thereby improving sorting efficiency, reducing mine transportation pressure, and increasing mine production capacity. The compact short-side layout effectively reduces space occupancy and ensures the reliability and safety of underground operations. Based on the integrated concept of "mining-sorting-filling" underground, the comprehensive utilization rate of resources is greatly improved, the sorting and pre-discarding processes are optimized, and the sorting and utilization process of low-quality coarse-grained mineral resources in underground operations is strengthened.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short-side coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation, characterized in that: It comprises a flotation unit (100), a fluidized water unit (200) and a pulp unit (300), wherein the fluidized water unit (200) is used to provide fluidized water, and the pulp unit (300) is used to provide pulp; The flotation unit (100) includes a flotation column (101) and a pressure sensor (111). The flotation column (101) includes a flotation column body (102) and a concentrate overflow trough (103). The concentrate overflow trough (103) is arranged at the top of the flotation column body (102). The inner cavity of the flotation column body (102) is divided into a first chamber (104) and a second chamber (105). The lower end of the flotation column body (102) is provided with a spiral scraper discharge pipe (113). The connection between the spiral scraper discharge pipe (113) and the tailings discharge port is provided with a first electromagnetic valve (114). The pressure sensor (111), the first electromagnetic valve (114) and the spiral scraper discharge pipe (113) are combined. Based on the real-time monitoring of the bed pressure drop by the pressure sensor (111), when the pressure difference reaches the upper limit of the set range, the tailings discharge port is opened, and the tailings are quickly discharged through the spiral scraper discharge pipe (113); four water distribution plates (208) are arranged at the bottom of the tank, four inclined feed pipes (109) are arranged above the tank, and an array of inclined upper water supply pipes (205) are arranged on the tank wall. The air outlet on the water distribution plate (208) is provided with a one-way ring-shaped rubber seal.

2. The short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pulp inlet (110) is provided at the upper end of the flotation column (102), and the pulp inlet (110) is communicated with the inner cavity of the flotation column (102).

3. The short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flotation unit (100) further comprises a feed conveying pipe (108) and an inclined feed pipe (109) arranged in the flotation column (102).

4. The short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the feed conveying pipe (108) is in communication with the slurry feed port (110), and the other end is in communication with the inclined feed pipe (109).

5. The short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral scraper discharge pipe (113) is in communication with the tailings discharge port of the flotation column (102).

6. The short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spiral scraper discharge pipe (113) has an inclination angle of 20-40°.

7. The short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The fluidized water unit (200) comprises a water tank (201), a water delivery main pipe (215), a flow diversion controller (202), a first water delivery branch pipe (203), and a second water delivery branch pipe (204).

8. The short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the water supply main pipe (215) is connected to the water tank (201), and the other end is connected to the diversion controller (202); one end of the first water supply branch pipe (203) and one end of the second water supply branch pipe (204) are both connected to the diversion controller (202).

9. The short-side arranged coarse particle fluidized flotation device for underground operation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The slurry unit (300) comprises a slurry mixing barrel (301) and a slurry supply pipe (303); one end of the slurry supply pipe (303) is connected to one end of the slurry mixing barrel (301), and the other end is connected to the slurry inlet (110).

10. A coal preparation method suitable for underground operations, characterized in that: Coal preparation operations are carried out using the short-side arranged coarse-grained fluidized flotation device described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images