Mushroom fiber and its green preparation method and application

Abstract

This application provides a mushroom fiber and its green preparation method, belonging to the field of fiber preparation. The preparation method first removes soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins from mushrooms through water bath pretreatment and alkali bath pretreatment; then, the pretreated mushroom material is dehydrated, and then fully dissolved in a selected dispersant to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%–35%; the mushroom spinning solution is then extruded from a spinneret using a metering pump into a coagulation bath for solidification and drawing; the preliminarily formed mushroom fiber filaments are then repeatedly introduced into a displacement bath for solvent displacement and further drawing; finally, the prepared mushroom fiber filaments are heat-set to remove moisture, yielding continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10–500 μm. This mushroom filament fiber exhibits excellent spinnability and biocompatibility, is soft, and has high strength, making it suitable for applications in apparel textiles, medical textiles, industrial textiles, and smart textiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber preparation technology, specifically to a mushroom fiber and its green preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Mushrooms are one of the most widely cultivated, highest-yielding, and most consumed edible fungi in the world, characterized by readily available raw materials and biocompatibility. my country's mushroom production is high and continues to grow. Therefore, utilizing spinning technology to produce regenerated mushroom fibers has significant economic and social benefits in order to increase the added value of mushrooms.

[0003] Patent publication number JPWO2023090387A1 discloses a mushroom chip and its manufacturing method. The production method includes alkali treatment, fiber extraction, and drying steps. Specifically, the fruiting body is first treated with a low-concentration alkaline aqueous solution with a pH of 12.2, then wet mushroom fibers are extracted, and finally, the wet mushroom fibers extracted in the fiber extraction step are dried into chips. No method for preparing mushroom fibers has been disclosed in the prior art.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design a mushroom fiber and its green preparation method and application to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a mushroom fiber and its green preparation method and application. The preparation method first involves uniformly dissolving mushroom fibers treated with deionized water and an alkaline solution in a dispersant solution to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 35%. Then, by adjusting the spinning process parameters, continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10-500 μm are prepared. The mushroom filament fibers prepared by this invention exhibit excellent spinnability, softness, high strength, and biocompatibility, and can be applied in fields such as apparel textiles, medical textiles, industrial textiles, and smart textiles.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a green method for preparing mushroom fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. The dried and dehydrated mushroom raw materials are treated with a water bath for 0.3-6 h and then with an alkaline bath for 0.5-8 h to remove soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins from the mushrooms. Then, the raw materials are crushed, stirred, centrifuged and precipitated. The precipitate is freeze-dried at -20~-80℃ or dried at 40~100℃ for 24-48 h to obtain mushroom spinning raw materials.

[0008] S2, the mushroom spinning raw material obtained in step S1 is fully dissolved in the dispersant at a temperature of 85℃~130℃ and a rotation speed of 100rpm~2000rpm to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%~35%.

[0009] The dispersant is an ionic liquid, or a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent;

[0010] The ionic liquid is one or more of the following: tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([AMIM]Br), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM]Br), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium sulfate methyl ester ([EMIM]OMs).

[0011] The co-solvent is one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, ethylenediamine, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone, and hexamethylphosphoric triamine;

[0012] S3, the mushroom spinning solution obtained in step S2 is extruded from the spinneret by a metering pump into the coagulation bath for solidification and stretching. The initially formed mushroom fiber filaments are then repeatedly introduced into the displacement bath for solvent displacement and further stretching. The displaced mushroom fiber filaments are then heat-set to remove moisture, dried and wound to obtain continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10~500μm.

[0013] Further, in step S2, the dispersant is a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent; the ionic liquid is one of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate ([THEMA][OAc]) or tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate ([THEMA][MeSO3]), and the co-solvent is ethylenediamine. By adding the ionic liquid to ethylenediamine (EDA), the additional EDA enhances the hydrogen bonding ability of the IL / EDA mixture and weakens the interchain hydrogen bonds of chitin.

[0014] Alternatively, the ionic liquid is one of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C4M1IM][OAc]), 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate ([BBIM][OAc]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate ([C1C1IM][OAc]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl); the cosolvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone (DMI), and hexamethylphosphoric triamine (HMPA).

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the spinneret nozzle shape is one or more of the following: circular, hollow, polygonal, multi-leaf, square, Y-shaped, double cross, and flat.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the coagulation bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution; the coagulation bath temperature is 20℃~150℃; the coagulation bath time is 15min~2h; and the coagulation stretching ratio is 10%~300%.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the displacement bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, the temperature of the displacement bath is 20℃~150℃; the displacement stretching ratio is 10%~300%; and the displacement bath time is 5min~2h.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, the number of replacements is 2 to 5.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S1, during the alkaline bath treatment, the alkaline solution is one or more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, and the molar concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.05~5 mol / L.

[0021] Secondly, this application provides a mushroom fiber prepared by any of the foregoing technical solutions. The maximum tensile strength of the mushroom fiber can reach 34 MPa, and the maximum elongation can reach 27%.

[0022] This mushroom-shaped filament fiber has excellent spinnability, is soft and strong, and is biocompatible, making it suitable for applications in apparel textiles, medical textiles, and industrial textiles.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The green preparation method of mushroom fiber provided in this application firstly removes soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins from mushrooms by water bath pretreatment and alkali bath pretreatment. Then, the mushroom raw materials are freeze-dried at -20~-80℃ or dried at 40~100℃. The treated mushroom raw materials are then fully dissolved in the selected dispersant to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%~35%. The mushroom spinning solution is then extruded from the spinneret by a metering pump into a coagulation bath for solidification and stretching. The initially formed mushroom fiber filaments are then repeatedly introduced into a displacement bath for solvent displacement and further stretching. The replaced mushroom fiber filaments are then heat-set to remove moisture, resulting in continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10~500μm.

[0025] (2) The maximum breaking strength of the mushroom fiber obtained in this application can reach 34 MPa, and the maximum elongation can reach 27%.

[0026] This mushroom-shaped filament fiber has excellent spinnability, is soft and strong, and is biocompatible, making it suitable for applications in apparel textiles, medical textiles, and industrial textiles.

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 The images show actual photos of the mushroom fibers obtained in Examples 1-3.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a photograph of the mushroom fiber obtained in Example 1 in a wound state.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a microscopic morphology diagram of the mushroom fiber obtained in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 4 The stress-strain curve of the mushroom fiber prepared in Example 1 is shown.

[0033] Figure 5 The image shows the actual mushroom spinning solution obtained in Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0034] Figure 6 The images show actual samples of the mushroom spinning solution used in Examples 5-6.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a microscopic morphology diagram of the mushroom fiber obtained in Example 5. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0039] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] No method for preparing mushroom fiber has been disclosed in the existing technology.

[0044] This application provides a green method for preparing mushroom fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. The dried and dehydrated mushroom raw materials are treated with a water bath for 0.3-6 h and then with an alkaline bath for 0.5-8 h to remove soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins from the mushrooms. Then, the raw materials are crushed, stirred, centrifuged and precipitated. The precipitate is freeze-dried at -20~-80℃ or dried at 40~100℃ for 24-48 h to obtain mushroom spinning raw materials.

[0046] The water bath temperature is 40℃~100℃. The alkali bath temperature is 25℃~100℃.

[0047] During centrifugation sedimentation, the centrifugation speed is 6000 rpm to 20000 rpm, and the centrifugation time is 10 min to 35 min.

[0048] During alkaline bath treatment, the alkaline solution is one or more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.

[0049] The molar concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.05~5 mol / L.

[0050] S2, the mushroom spinning raw material obtained in step S1 is fully dissolved in the dispersant at a temperature of 85℃~130℃ and a rotation speed of 100rpm~2000rpm to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%~35%.

[0051] The dispersant is an ionic liquid, or a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent.

[0052] The ionic liquid is one or more of the following: tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([AMIM]Br), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM]Br), and methyl 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium sulfate ([EMIM]Ms).

[0053] When the dispersant is a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent, the ionic liquid is one of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate ([THEMA][OAc]) or tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate ([THEMA][MeSO3]), and the co-solvent is ethylenediamine. By adding the ionic liquid to ethylenediamine (EDA), the additional EDA enhances the hydrogen bonding ability of the IL / EDA mixture and weakens the interchain hydrogen bonds of chitin.

[0054] Alternatively, the ionic liquid is one of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C4MIM][OAC]), 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate ([C4C1IM][OAc]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate ([C1MIM][OAc]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl). The cosolvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone (DMI), or hexamethylphosphoric triamine (HMPA).

[0055] S3, the mushroom spinning solution obtained in step S2 is extruded from the spinneret by a metering pump into the coagulation bath for solidification and stretching. The initially formed mushroom fiber filaments are then repeatedly introduced into the displacement bath for solvent displacement and further stretching. The displaced mushroom fiber filaments are then heat-set to remove moisture, dried and wound to obtain continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10~500μm.

[0056] The spinneret nozzle can be circular, hollow, or irregularly shaped. Irregular shapes can be one or more of the following: polygonal, multi-lobed, square, Y-shaped, double cross, or flat. Furthermore, polygonal shapes can be triangular or pentagonal, and multi-lobed shapes can be trilobed. In this way, mushroom fibers with different fiber cross-sections can be prepared.

[0057] The coagulation bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution.

[0058] The coagulation bath temperature is 20℃~150℃; the coagulation bath time is 15min~2h; and the coagulation draw ratio is 10%~300%.

[0059] The displacement bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution.

[0060] The replacement bath temperature is 20℃~150℃; the replacement stretching ratio is 10%~300%; the replacement bath time is 5min~2h. The number of replacements is 2~5 times.

[0061] Secondly, this application provides a mushroom fiber prepared by the aforementioned technical solution. The maximum breaking strength of the mushroom fiber can reach 34 MPa, and the maximum elongation can reach 27%. This mushroom filament fiber has excellent spinnability, is soft, has high strength, and is biocompatible, and can be applied to fields such as apparel textiles, medical textiles, industrial textiles, and smart textiles.

[0062] The following are some specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0063] I. Preparation Method

[0064] Example 1

[0065] This embodiment provides a green method for preparing mushroom fiber, including the following steps:

[0066] S1. The dried and dehydrated mushroom raw material was treated in a water bath for 4 hours at a temperature of 90-100℃, and then treated in an alkaline bath in a sodium hydroxide solution with a molar concentration of 2 mol / L for 4 hours at a temperature of 90-100℃. After that, it was crushed, stirred, and centrifuged (10000 rpm, 20 min). The precipitate was then freeze-dried at -80℃ for 48 hours to obtain the mushroom spinning raw material.

[0067] S2, Weigh 0.5 g of the mushroom spinning raw material obtained in step S1 and add it to a 25 ml reagent bottle containing a magnetic stir bar. Then add 7.12 ml of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate solution (dispersant) with a density of 1.1 g / ml to the reagent bottle. Then place the reagent bottle on a heated stirring table heated to 110°C and stir magnetically for 25 h at a magnetic stirring speed of 1000 rpm. The mushroom spinning raw material is fully dissolved in the dispersant to obtain a mushroom fiber solution with a mass fraction of 6%.

[0068] S3, the mushroom spinning solution obtained in step S2 is extruded from the spinneret using a metering pump into a coagulation bath (deionized water, 100℃, 45min) for solidification and drawing, with a coagulation draw ratio of 200%. The preliminarily formed mushroom fiber filaments are then subjected to ion exchange and drawing four times in a displacement bath (deionized water, 100℃, 50min), with a displacement draw ratio of 200%. The displaced mushroom fiber filaments are then dehydrated, dried, and wound to obtain continuous and uniform mushroom fiber filaments, as shown in the image below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0069] Figure 2 This is a photograph of the mushroom fiber obtained in Example 1 in a wound state.

[0070] Figure 3 The image shows the morphology of the mushroom fiber obtained in Example 1 at a magnification of 250x, with a fiber diameter of 218 μm.

[0071] Figure 4 The image shows the stress-strain curve of the mushroom fiber obtained in Example 1. It can be seen that the maximum tensile strength of the mushroom fiber can reach 34.0831 MPa, and the maximum elongation can reach 26.791%.

[0072] Comparative Examples 1-3

[0073] The main difference between Comparative Examples 1-3 and Example 1 is that the solvent used to prepare the mushroom solution in step S2 is different, specifically:

[0074] In Comparative Example 1, the dispersant 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate solution was replaced with water, and the reagent bottle was placed on a heated stirring table heated to 60°C and magnetically stirred for 24 hours at a stirring speed of 1000 rpm to obtain a mushroom fiber solution with a mass fraction of 6%.

[0075] In Comparative Example 2, the dispersant 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate solution was replaced with 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, and the mixture was magnetically stirred for 24 h without heating. The magnetic stirring speed was 1000 rpm, resulting in a mushroom fiber solution with a mass fraction of 6%.

[0076] In Comparative Example 3, the dispersant 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate solution was replaced with 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid. The reagent bottle was placed on a heated stirring table at 60°C and magnetically stirred for 24 hours at a stirring speed of 1000 rpm to obtain a mushroom fiber solution with a mass fraction of 6%.

[0077] Figure 5 The images show the actual mushroom spinning solutions obtained in Comparative Examples 1-3, from left to right, corresponding to Comparative Examples 1 to 3. It can be seen that the samples in Comparative Examples 1-3 were not fully dissolved. When using the mushroom fiber solutions obtained in Comparative Examples 1-3 for spinning, the fibers could not be formed, and mushroom fibers could not be obtained.

[0078] Examples 2-7 and Comparative Example 4

[0079] Examples 2-7 and Comparative Example 4 provide a green method for preparing mushroom fiber. Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in the change of the mass fraction of the mushroom fiber solution in step S2, as shown in the table below. The rest is largely the same as in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0080]

[0081] Experiments show that mushroom fiber can be successfully prepared in Examples 2-7.

[0082] The actual images of the mushroom fibers obtained in Examples 2-3 are shown below. Figure 2 As shown, from top to bottom, they correspond to Example 2, Example 1, and Example 3, respectively.

[0083] Figure 6 The images show actual photos of the mushroom spinning solution used in Examples 5-6. Specifically, from left to right, the images show the mushroom spinning solution before heating and stirring when the mass fraction of mushroom fiber is 2%; the solution after heating and stirring for 25 hours; and the solution after heating and stirring for 26 hours when the mass fraction is 3%.

[0084] Figure 7 The image shows the microstructure of the mushroom fibers prepared in Example 5. As can be seen, compared to Example 1, the fiber surface has less graininess and is smoother, indicating that the 2% mushroom spinning solution is dispersed more uniformly.

[0085] Within the range of 0.5% to 35% by mass fraction of mushroom fiber solution, as the mass fraction increases, the mass of solute in mushroom spinning solution continuously increases, the dispersion uniformity of mushroom spinning solution first increases slowly and then decreases, and the strength of mushroom fiber first gradually increases and then continuously decreases.

[0086] When the mass fraction of the mushroom fiber solution is below 0.5%, the fiber has poor formability and unsatisfactory mechanical properties. When the mass fraction of the mushroom fiber solution is 50% or higher than 35%, the fiber is difficult to fully dissolve in the dispersant and cannot be spun.

[0087] Experiments show that the dispersant can also be other ionic liquids, such as tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and methyl 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium sulfate, all of which can be used to prepare mushroom fiber.

[0088] Dispersants can also be mixed solvents consisting of ionic liquids and co-solvents.

[0089] Specifically, the ionic liquid is one of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate or tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, and the co-solvent is ethylenediamine.

[0090] Alternatively, the ionic liquid is one of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.

[0091] The co-solvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone, and hexamethylphosphoric triamine.

[0092] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A green method for preparing mushroom fiber, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The dried and dehydrated mushroom raw materials are treated with a water bath for 0.3-6 h and then with an alkaline bath for 0.5-8 h to remove soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins from the mushrooms. Then, the raw materials are crushed, stirred, centrifuged and precipitated. The precipitate is freeze-dried at -20~-80℃ or dried at 40~100℃ for 24-48 h to obtain mushroom spinning raw materials. S2, the mushroom spinning raw material obtained in step S1 is fully dissolved in the dispersant at a temperature of 85℃~130℃ and a rotation speed of 100rpm~2000rpm to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%~35%. The dispersant is an ionic liquid, or a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent; The ionic liquid is one or more of the following: tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and methyl 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium sulfate. The co-solvent is one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, ethylenediamine, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone, and hexamethylphosphoric triamine; S3, the mushroom spinning solution obtained in step S2 is extruded from the spinneret by a metering pump into the coagulation bath for solidification and stretching. The initially formed mushroom fiber filaments are then repeatedly introduced into the displacement bath for solvent displacement and further stretching. The displaced mushroom fiber filaments are then heat-set to remove moisture, dried and wound to obtain continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10~500μm.

2. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the dispersant is a mixed solvent composed of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent; the ionic liquid is one of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, and the co-solvent is ethylenediamine; Alternatively, the ionic liquid is one of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride; and the co-solvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone, and hexamethylphosphoric triamine.

3. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the coagulation bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution; the coagulation bath temperature is 20℃~150℃; the coagulation bath time is 15min~2h; and the coagulation stretching ratio is 10%~300%.

4. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the spinneret nozzle shape is one or more of the following: circular, hollow, polygonal, multi-leaf, square, Y-shaped, double cross, and flat.

5. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the displacement bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution.

6. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S3, the temperature of the displacement bath is 20℃~150℃; the displacement stretching ratio is 10%~300%; and the displacement bath time is 5min~2h.

7. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the number of replacements is 2 to 5.

8. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, during the alkaline bath treatment, the alkaline solution is one or more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, and the molar concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.05~5 mol / L.

9. A mushroom fiber, characterized in that, It is prepared by the green preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. An application of mushroom fiber, characterized in that, The mushroom fiber is prepared by the green preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8 or the mushroom fiber according to claim 9; the mushroom fiber is used in apparel textiles, medical textiles, industrial textiles and smart textiles.

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