Heat preservation and decoration integrated unilateral steel plate concrete outer wall structure and assembly construction process

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a heat preservation and decoration integrated unilateral steel plate concrete outer wall structure and an assembly construction technology. The outer wall structure comprises a single-side steel plate, a heat preservation decorative plate, a vertical steel bar, a horizontal steel bar, a door and window module, an L-shaped connecting steel sheet, a ribbed connecting steel plate, a long screw and a connecting bolt. The single-side steel plates, the vertical steel bars and the horizontal steel bars are welded to form a steel framework of the outer walls, the single-side steel plates of the upper concrete outer wall and the lower concrete outer wall are fixedly connected through L-shaped connecting steel sheets and connecting bolts, and the single-side steel plates of the left concrete outer wall and the right concrete outer wall are fixedly connected through ribbed connecting steel plates. The heat preservation decoration plates are fixed to the single-side steel plates through long screws and serve as non-dismantling outer formworks, and the adjacent heat preservation decoration plates are connected together. And an indoor formwork is erected on the inner side of the steel framework, and concrete is poured between the disassembly-free outer formwork and the indoor formwork to form the integrated single-side steel plate concrete outer wall structure. The steel framework is formed by welding the single-side steel plates, the vertical steel bars and the horizontal steel bars, the steel framework and cast-in-place concrete form a whole, stability and bearing capacity are enhanced, and the steel framework can be used for high-rise and super high-rise building structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building engineering, and specifically is a single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure with integrated thermal insulation and decoration and an assembly construction process. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of residential industrialization and building industrialization, construction is moving towards green energy saving, low cost and high quality. Compared with traditional cast-in-place buildings, prefabricated buildings stand out with their advantages such as high stability of steel components, light weight of structure and superior seismic performance. At the same time, they have a high level of industrialization, can be efficiently produced through industrialized production lines, and can be quickly installed and constructed. However, the existing prefabricated buildings still have certain limitations in terms of design refinement, component coordination and construction completion, resulting in many problems in the application of prefabricated component technology and engineering practice: for example, the volume and weight of prefabricated components are large, the controllability of installation errors is poor, the construction quality and structural seismic performance are poor, and it is difficult to apply to high-rise and irregular buildings. As a new type of building exterior wall, the integration of thermal insulation and decoration structures has significant advantages in improving building energy efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing the aesthetics of buildings. However, the optimization of construction technology is also the key to the research on the integration of thermal insulation and decoration structures. The current construction technology lacks integration, and the compatibility and synergy between different materials (insulation, decoration) and structural functions need to be further optimized. In addition, there is a lack of unified design standards and specifications, resulting in uneven construction quality and system performance.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention proposes an integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure with thermal insulation and decoration, which is a building exterior wall system integrating multiple functions such as thermal insulation, decoration, waterproofing, and fire prevention. Its assembly construction process can realize system integration technology optimization. The load-bearing components and the exterior wall formwork are combined into one, and the integrated processing of the steel skeleton and the insulation layer, the decorative layer, and the door and window modules are first completed in the factory, and then transported to the construction site for installation. The volume and weight of the prefabricated components are relatively small, which is convenient for transportation, hoisting and installation. The wall can be applied not only to the exterior walls of buildings, but also to the partition walls and indoor walls with requirements for temperature and humidity. The insulation material can reduce heat transfer and control indoor environmental conditions. The entire construction process of the wall is: prefabrication of the integrated steel skeleton in the factory → assembly and connection on site → pouring of commercial concrete, which has industrial characteristics such as standardization, normalization, mechanization, automation, scale, and reproducibility. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure and an assembly construction process with integrated insulation and decoration.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0006] A thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure, characterized in that it comprises a single-sided steel plate, a thermal insulation decorative plate, vertical steel bars, horizontal steel bars, door and window modules, an L-shaped connecting steel sheet, a ribbed connecting steel plate, long screws and connecting bolts;

[0007] A plurality of open webs are vertically arranged on the single-sided steel plate, which are welded with vertical and horizontal steel bars to form a steel skeleton of the concrete exterior wall. The steel skeleton is cut off at the door and window modules and fixedly connected to the steel frame of the door and window modules. The single-sided steel plates of the upper and lower concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are fixedly connected by L-shaped connecting steel sheets and connecting bolts, and the single-sided steel plates of the left and right concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are fixedly connected by ribbed connecting steel plates. The vertical and horizontal steel bars of the upper and lower or left and right adjacent concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are connected by anchoring steel bars. The thermal insulation decorative panel is fixed to the single-sided steel plate by gluing and long screws and serves as a non-dismantling exterior formwork, and adjacent thermal insulation decorative panels are connected together. An indoor formwork is set up on the inner side of the concrete exterior wall steel skeleton, and concrete is poured between the non-dismantling exterior formwork and the indoor formwork to form an integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure.

[0008] Furthermore, bolt holes are reserved at the upper and lower ends of the open web of the single-sided steel plate; long screw heads are reserved around the single-sided steel plate, and the L-shaped connecting steel plate is mounted on the long screw heads at the ends of the upper and lower concrete exterior wall single-sided steel plates, and is connected by bolts and nuts tightened with the open web of the single-sided steel plate to achieve the fixation of the L-shaped connecting steel plate to the upper and lower single-sided steel plates.

[0009] Furthermore, the steel plate width and bolt holes on one side of the L-shaped connecting steel sheet match the width of the open web and the reserved bolt holes at the end of the single-sided steel plate, and the bolt holes match the diameter of the connecting bolts; the steel plate width and the opening on the other side match the width of the single-sided steel plate between the two open webs and the diameter of the long screw head.

[0010] Furthermore, the ribbed connecting steel plates are arranged in a full-length or intermittent manner and are fixed on the long screw heads of the single-side steel plates of the left and right concrete exterior walls.

[0011] Furthermore, the ribs of the ribbed connecting steel plates are thin-walled perforated steel plates, and the holes and spacing on the ribbed connecting steel plates match the diameter and positions of the long screw heads reserved on the single-sided steel plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the open web of the single-sided steel plate is in the form of an intermittent large opening, the opening shape is rectangular or elliptical, the horizontal steel bars are located on the opposite side of the single-sided steel plate and spot welded to the inner or outer edge of the opening of the open web, and the vertical steel bars are spot welded to the inner or outer side of the horizontal steel bars.

[0013] Furthermore, the anchoring steel bars are U-shaped bars or straight bars, which are welded to the concrete exterior wall steel skeleton or temporarily fixed and pulled out for binding connection during on-site installation.

[0014] Furthermore, a tongue and groove is arranged at the edge of the thermal insulation decorative plate, and adjacent thermal insulation decorative plates are connected by the tongue and groove.

[0015] An assembly construction process of a single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure with integrated thermal insulation and decoration, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: reserve the installation position of the door and window module on the single-sided steel plate, vertically weld multiple open webs on the single-sided steel plate, and reserve bolt holes on the upper and lower ends of the open webs; weld the horizontal steel bars to the single-sided steel plate, and weld the vertical steel bars on the horizontal steel bars to form the steel skeleton of the concrete exterior wall;

[0017] Step 2: Weld the steel skeleton to the steel frame of the door and window module and install the door and window structure;

[0018] Step 3: The insulation decorative panel is fixed to the single-sided steel plate by gluing and long screws. The long screws penetrate the single-sided steel plate and reserve a certain length of screw head. Long screws are anchored around the edges of the single-sided steel plate to complete the prefabrication of the integrated steel frame in the factory.

[0019] Step 4: During on-site construction, the single-side steel plates of the upper and lower concrete exterior wall steel frames are butted together, and the L-shaped connecting steel plates are mounted on the long screw heads at the ends of the upper and lower single-side steel plates. The L-shaped connecting steel plates are fixed to the upper and lower single-side steel plates by tightening the nuts with the connecting bolts with the opening webs; after the single-side steel plates of the left and right concrete exterior walls are butted together, the ribbed connecting steel plates are mounted and fixed on the long screw heads at the ends of the left and right single-side steel plates;

[0020] Step 5: The steel bars of the upper and lower concrete exterior walls or the left and right concrete exterior walls are connected using preset anchoring steel bars;

[0021] Step 6. The insulation decorative panels of adjacent concrete exterior walls are connected with tongue and groove and used as the non-removable exterior formwork. The indoor formwork is set up, concrete is poured, and the indoor formwork is removed after curing to form an insulation and decorative integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) Single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall is based on reinforced concrete structure. The outer side of the wall is a single-sided steel plate, and the inner side is a steel mesh, which is convenient for connecting with the indoor wall and floor steel bars. The wall and floor concrete can be poured uniformly. The design can choose to disconnect at non-floor locations with less stress, and avoid the locations with greater stress on the floor during on-site assembly and connection. In addition, considering the eccentric stress characteristics of the building's exterior wall, the asymmetric cross-section can enhance the exterior wall structure's ability to resist overturning, improve the stability and seismic performance of the structure, and the single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall can be used for high-rise and super-high-rise shear wall building structures.

[0024] 2) The single-sided steel plate is made of thin-walled steel plate, and the open web adopts a large opening method, which is convenient for the arrangement and adjustment of steel bars during construction; the long screws connecting the thermal insulation decorative panel and the single-sided steel plate penetrate the single-sided steel plate and reserve a certain length. After the internal concrete is poured, the concrete, single-sided steel plate, horizontal steel bars and vertical steel bars can be bonded as a whole, and the collaborative working performance is significantly improved.

[0025] 3) The vertical connection of the single-sided steel plates of the upper and lower concrete exterior walls is achieved through L-shaped connecting steel sheets, screws and bolts, and the horizontal connection is achieved by nesting the single-sided steel plates of the left and right concrete exterior walls through ribbed connecting steel plates. The steel bars of adjacent concrete exterior walls are connected by traditional anchored steel bars. The on-site assembly mainly solves the connection problem of steel components. This assembly connection combining the two connection methods of steel plates and steel bars can effectively ensure the connection strength and rigidity of the concrete exterior wall steel skeleton. The connection method does not use welding, the connection is reliable, the assembly is simple, and the construction efficiency can be significantly improved. Finally, the integral connection form of post-cast commercial concrete is adopted, and the structural integrity is strong, which is equivalent to the cast-in-place structure.

[0026] 4) Single-sided steel plates are used to replace the vertical and horizontal steel bars on the outside of the shear wall. The open webs welded on the steel plates can replace part of the vertical steel bars of the shear wall. During factory prefabrication, the thickness of the single-sided steel plates can be adjusted according to the installation requirements of the thermal insulation decorative panels, which is conducive to flexible handling of the steel content of the wall.

[0027] 5) The single-sided steel plate and the insulation decorative panel are connected by gluing and long screws. The single-sided steel plate wrapped by the insulation decorative panel and concrete and the open web in the concrete can greatly improve the corrosion resistance and durability of the steel. In addition, the insulation decorative panel can be well maintained during prefabrication in the factory, and the door and window modules are better in sealing and cold and hot bridge treatment, truly achieving the same life cycle of the insulation decorative structure, better resisting the erosion of the structure by environmental factors, and extending the service life of the structure without maintenance for life.

[0028] 6) The steel frame of the door and window module and the steel skeleton of the shear wall can be installed and fixed in various ways. The left and right steel plates of the steel frame can be replaced by a single-sided steel plate opening web to save the use of connecting steel plates. A reinforcement structure is set on the top of the steel frame of the door and window module. For example, a reinforcement structure such as a hidden beam and reinforcing ribs can ensure the large opening of the door and window, solving the problems of inconvenient opening on the wall of the shear wall structure and complex opening node design and processing.

[0029] 7) The thermal insulation and decoration integrated steel frame involved in the present invention is prefabricated in the factory, transported to the site for assembly and connection, and can be directly used as the external formwork for the building exterior wall concrete without disassembly. The outdoor scaffolding is eliminated during the construction and installation process, providing safety guarantees for the energy-saving construction of the exterior walls of high-rise buildings, which is beneficial to promoting the industrialization of housing and construction, and making the construction develop in the direction of green energy saving, low cost and high quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the L-shaped connecting steel sheet of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a ribbed connecting steel plate of the present invention;

[0033] Among them: 1. Single-sided steel plate; 2. Insulation decorative panel; 3. Vertical steel bars; 4. Horizontal steel bars; 5. Door and window modules; 6. L-shaped connecting steel sheet; 7. Ribbed connecting steel plate; 8. Anchor steel bars; 9. Long screws; 10. Connecting bolts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Specific embodiments are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific embodiments are only used to introduce the technical solutions of the present invention in detail and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0035] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure with thermal insulation and decoration integration, including a single-sided steel plate 1, a thermal insulation decorative plate 2, vertical steel bars 3, horizontal steel bars 4, a door and window module 5, an L-shaped connecting steel sheet 6, a ribbed connecting steel plate 7, an anchoring steel bar 8, a long screw 9 and a connecting bolt 10;

[0036] A plurality of open webs are vertically welded on the single-sided steel plate 1; the door and window module 5 includes a steel frame and a door and window structure; the single-sided steel plate 1 is welded with vertical steel bars 3 and horizontal steel bars 4 to form a steel skeleton of a concrete exterior wall, and the steel skeleton is cut off at the door and window module 5 and fixedly connected to the steel frame of the door and window module 5; the single-sided steel plates 1 of the upper and lower concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are fixedly connected by L-shaped connecting steel sheets 6 and connecting bolts 10, and the single-sided steel plates 1 of the left and right concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are fixedly connected by ribbed connecting steel plates 7; the vertical steel bars 3 and horizontal steel bars 4 of the upper, lower or left and right adjacent concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are connected by anchoring steel bars 8; the thermal insulation decorative panel 2 is fixed to the single-sided steel plate 1 by gluing and long screws 9 and serves as a non-disassembly external formwork, and adjacent thermal insulation decorative panels 2 are connected by tongue and groove; an indoor formwork is set up on the inner side of the steel skeleton, and concrete is poured to form an integrated thermal insulation and decorative single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure.

[0037] Bolt holes are reserved at the upper and lower ends of the open web of the single-sided steel plate 1; long screw heads are reserved at the edges of the single-sided steel plate 1, and the L-shaped connecting steel sheet 6 is mounted on the long screw heads at the ends of the upper and lower concrete exterior wall single-sided steel plates 1, and is tightened with nuts through connecting bolts 10 and the open web of the single-sided steel plate 1 to achieve the fixation of the L-shaped connecting steel sheet 6 and the upper and lower single-sided steel plates 1.

[0038] The ribbed connecting steel plates 7 are arranged in a continuous or discontinuous manner and are fixed on the long screw heads of the single-side steel plates 1 of the left and right concrete exterior walls.

[0039] The steel plate width and bolt hole on one side of the L-shaped connecting steel sheet 6 match the width of the open web and the reserved bolt hole at the end of the single-sided steel plate, and the bolt hole matches the diameter of the connecting bolt 10; the steel plate width and the opening on the other side match the width between the two open webs of the single-sided steel plate 1 and the diameter of the long screw head.

[0040] The ribs of the ribbed connecting steel plate 7 are thin-walled perforated steel plates, and the holes and spacing on the ribbed connecting steel plate match the diameter and position of the long screw heads reserved on the single-sided steel plate 1.

[0041] The open web of the single-sided steel plate 1 is in the form of discontinuous large openings, and the opening shape is rectangular or elliptical; the horizontal steel bars 4 are located on the opposite side of the single-sided steel plate 1 and are spot welded to the inner or outer edge of the opening of the open web, and the vertical steel bars 3 are spot welded to the inner or outer side of the horizontal steel bars 4.

[0042] The anchoring steel bars 8 can be made of U-shaped bars, straight bars, etc., welded to the concrete exterior wall steel frame or temporarily fixed and pulled out for on-site installation, and tied and connected with the vertical steel bars 3 and horizontal steel bars of the upper and lower concrete exterior walls or the left and right concrete exterior walls.

[0043] The edges of the thermal insulation decorative panels 2 are provided with tongue and groove, and adjacent thermal insulation device panels 2 are connected by tongue and groove.

[0044] An assembly construction process for a single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure with integrated thermal insulation and decoration, comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: reserve a hole for installing the door and window module 5 on the single-sided steel plate 1, vertically weld multiple open webs on the single-sided steel plate 1, and reserve bolt holes on the upper and lower ends of the open webs; weld the horizontal steel bars 4 to the single-sided steel plate 1, and weld the vertical steel bars 3 to the horizontal steel bars 4 to form a steel skeleton of the concrete exterior wall;

[0046] Step 2: Weld the steel skeleton to the steel frame of the door and window module 5 and install the door and window structure;

[0047] Step 3: Fix the insulation decorative board 2 to the single-sided steel plate 1 by gluing and long screws 9. The long screws 9 should penetrate the single-sided steel plate 1, and the long screw heads should be reserved on the single-sided steel plate 1;

[0048] Step 4: Butt the single-sided steel plates 1 of the upper and lower concrete exterior walls, and put the L-shaped connecting steel plates 6 on the long screw heads at the ends of the upper and lower single-sided steel plates 1. After aligning with the bolt holes at the ends of the open webs, use the connecting bolts 10 to fix the L-shaped connecting steel plates 6 to the upper and lower single-sided steel plates 1. After butt-jointing the single-sided steel plates 1 of the left and right concrete exterior walls, put the full-length or discontinuous ribbed connecting steel plates 7 on the long screw heads at the ends of the left and right single-sided steel plates 1 to connect the left and right single-sided steel plates 1.

[0049] Step 5: The steel bars of the upper and lower concrete exterior walls or the left and right concrete exterior walls are connected using the preset anchoring steel bars 8;

[0050] Step 6: The insulation decorative panels 2 of the adjacent concrete exterior walls are connected by tongue-and-groove and used as the non-removable exterior formwork. The indoor formwork is set up, concrete is poured, and the indoor formwork is removed after curing to form an insulation and decorative integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall to complete the construction.

[0051] Any matters not described in the present invention are applicable to the prior art.

Claims

1. A single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure with integrated thermal insulation and decoration, characterized in that: Including single-side steel plate, thermal insulation decorative plate, vertical steel bar, horizontal steel bar, door and window module, L-shaped connecting steel sheet, ribbed connecting steel plate, long screws and connecting bolts; A plurality of open webs are vertically arranged on the single-sided steel plate, which are welded with vertical and horizontal steel bars to form a steel skeleton of the concrete exterior wall. The steel skeleton is cut off at the door and window modules and fixedly connected to the steel frame of the door and window modules. The single-sided steel plates of the upper and lower concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are fixedly connected by L-shaped connecting steel sheets and connecting bolts, and the single-sided steel plates of the left and right concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are fixedly connected by ribbed connecting steel plates. The vertical and horizontal steel bars of the upper and lower or left and right adjacent concrete exterior wall steel skeletons are connected by anchoring steel bars. The thermal insulation decorative panel is fixed to the single-sided steel plate by gluing and long screws and serves as a non-dismantling exterior formwork. An indoor formwork is set up on the inner side of the concrete exterior wall steel skeleton, and concrete is poured between the non-dismantling exterior formwork and the indoor formwork to form a thermal insulation and decorative integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure.

2. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Bolt holes are reserved at the upper and lower ends of the holed web of the single-sided steel plate; long screw heads are reserved at the edges of the single-sided steel plate on all sides; the L-shaped connecting steel sheet is mounted on the long screw heads at the ends of the upper and lower concrete exterior wall single-sided steel plates, and is connected by bolts and nuts tightened with the holed web of the single-sided steel plate to achieve the fixation of the L-shaped connecting steel sheet to the upper and lower single-sided steel plates.

3. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel plate width and bolt holes on one side of the L-shaped connecting steel sheet match the width of the open web and the reserved bolt holes at the end of the single-sided steel plate, and the bolt holes match the diameter of the connecting bolts; the steel plate width and the opening on the other side match the width of the single-sided steel plate between the two open webs and the diameter of the long screw head.

4. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ribbed connecting steel plates are arranged through or intermittently, and are fixed on the long screw heads of the single-side steel plates of the left and right concrete exterior walls.

5. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ribs of the ribbed connecting steel plates are thin-walled perforated steel plates, and the holes and spacing on the ribbed connecting steel plates match the diameter and position of the long screw heads reserved on the single-sided steel plates.

6. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open web of the single-sided steel plate is in the form of an intermittent large opening, and the opening shape is rectangular or elliptical. The horizontal steel bars are located on the opposite side of the single-sided steel plate and spot welded to the inner or outer edge of the opening of the open web, and the vertical steel bars are spot welded to the inner or outer side of the horizontal steel bars.

7. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring steel bars are U-shaped bars or straight bars, which are welded to the concrete exterior wall steel skeleton or temporarily fixed and pulled out for binding connection during on-site installation.

8. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the thermal insulation decorative panels are provided with tongue and groove, and adjacent thermal insulation decorative panels are connected by the tongue and groove.

9. An assembly construction process for the thermal insulation and decoration integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: reserve the installation position of the door and window module on the single-sided steel plate, vertically weld multiple open webs on the single-sided steel plate, and reserve bolt holes on the upper and lower ends of the open webs; weld the horizontal steel bars to the single-sided steel plate, and weld the vertical steel bars on the horizontal steel bars to form the steel skeleton of the concrete exterior wall; Step 2: Weld the steel skeleton to the steel frame of the door and window module and install the door and window structure; Step 3: The insulation decorative panel is fixed to the single-sided steel plate by gluing and long screws. The long screws penetrate the single-sided steel plate and reserve a certain length of screw head. Long screws are anchored around the edges of the single-sided steel plate to complete the prefabrication of the integrated steel frame in the factory. Step 4: During on-site construction, the single-side steel plates of the upper and lower concrete exterior wall steel frames are butted together, and the L-shaped connecting steel plates are mounted on the long screw heads at the ends of the upper and lower single-side steel plates. The L-shaped connecting steel plates are fixed to the upper and lower single-side steel plates by tightening the nuts with the connecting bolts with the opening webs; after the single-side steel plates of the left and right concrete exterior walls are butted together, the ribbed connecting steel plates are mounted and fixed on the long screw heads at the ends of the left and right single-side steel plates; Step 5: The steel bars of the upper and lower concrete exterior walls or the left and right concrete exterior walls are connected using preset anchoring steel bars; Step 6. The insulation decorative panels of adjacent concrete exterior walls are connected by tongue-and-groove connections and used as non-removable exterior formwork. Set up the indoor formwork, pour concrete, and remove the indoor formwork after curing to form an insulation and decorative integrated single-sided steel plate concrete exterior wall structure.

Images