An indirect pre-cooling engine operating condition regulation method

Abstract

The application discloses an indirect pre-cooling engine operating state adjusting method, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the opening degree of a first adjusting valve installed on each first fuel pipeline, then adjusting the fuel flow rate of the fuel inlet of a hydrogen turbine of a compressor, then adjusting the power and flow rate of a helium compressor, and then indirectly adjusting the heat capacity flow rate of a regenerator; adjusting the opening degree of a second adjusting valve installed on a second fuel pipeline, then adjusting the fuel flow rate of the hydrogen turbine of a fuel pump, then adjusting the flow rate of the fuel pump, then adjusting the fuel flow rate of the low-temperature end inlet of the regenerator, then adjusting the heat capacity flow rate of the regenerator, and then indirectly adjusting the outlet pressure of the helium compressor; by adjusting the opening degree of each adjusting valve, the operating state parameters under the engine operating process are changed, the matching of the heat capacity flow rate of the regenerator is considered, and then the effective step-by-step utilization of the energy of the multi-branch pre-cooling engine is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of indirect precooling engine regulation, and particularly relates to a method for regulating the operating state of an indirect precooling engine. Background Technology

[0002] Pre-cooled engines are a type of combined cycle engine with a wide speed range and high specific impulse. Indirect pre-cooled engines use supercritical helium in a closed cycle to exchange heat between the cold source and the high-temperature incoming flow, thus avoiding hydrogen embrittlement caused by direct heat exchange between liquid hydrogen and the incoming flow.

[0003] The indirect precooled engine introduces a multi-branch closed-loop intermediate cycle, which improves the cascade utilization of fuel heat sinks and effectively reduces precooled fuel consumption. However, the multi-branch closed-loop intermediate cycle inevitably increases the complexity of the engine's operation, making the coupling between the various flow paths of the engine tighter. At the same time, the indirect precooled engine will operate outside the design point over a considerable operating range. Coupled with the engine's complex operating principle and the unconventional components it relies on, the complexity of the multi-branch closed-loop intermediate cycle and the coupling between the various flow paths make it difficult to adjust the engine's operating state. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an indirect pre-cooling engine operating state adjustment method, which can effectively adjust engine operating state parameters and solve the problem of difficulty in adjusting engine operating state due to the complexity of multi-branch closed intermediate loop and the coupling between flow paths.

[0005] This invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect pre-cooled engine, wherein the indirect pre-cooled engine includes:

[0006] Multiple compressor hydrogen turbines connected in series each have a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet. Each compressor hydrogen turbine is coaxially connected to a helium compressor. The inlet of each helium compressor is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the corresponding regenerator. The fuel inlet of the last compressor hydrogen turbine is connected to the low-temperature outlet of the regenerator corresponding to the first compressor hydrogen turbine through a main fuel pipeline. The fuel inlets and fuel outlets of each compressor hydrogen turbine are interconnected through a first fuel pipeline.

[0007] The fuel pump hydrogen turbine has a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet. Its fuel inlet is connected to the fuel outlet of the first compressor hydrogen turbine and the first fuel line. The fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine is connected to the fuel inlet through a second fuel line.

[0008] Adjustment methods include:

[0009] By adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve installed on each first fuel pipeline, the fuel flow rate entering the hydrogen turbine of the compressor is adjusted, thereby adjusting the power and flow rate of the helium compressor, and thus indirectly adjusting the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator.

[0010] By adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve installed on the second fuel pipeline, the flow rate of fuel entering the hydrogen turbine of the fuel pump is adjusted, which in turn adjusts the flow rate of the fuel pump, which in turn adjusts the flow rate of fuel entering the cryogenic inlet of the corresponding regenerator, which in turn adjusts the thermal capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator, and thus indirectly adjusts the outlet pressure of the helium compressor.

[0011] Furthermore, the indirect precooling engine also includes: a pre-combustion chamber, which has a fuel inlet, an air inlet and a gas outlet. The fuel inlet of the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine, its air inlet is connected to the outlet of the air compressor, and its gas outlet is connected to the heat source inlet of the reheater. The pre-combustion chamber is used to pre-combust the fuel and then deliver it to the reheater, where it exchanges heat with the low-temperature helium working fluid from the precooler before entering the main combustion chamber.

[0012] The adjustment methods also include:

[0013] By adjusting the opening of the third regulating valve installed on the fuel pipeline at the fuel inlet of the pre-combustion chamber, the flow rate of fuel entering the pre-combustion chamber is adjusted, thereby adjusting the combustion temperature of the pre-combustion chamber, which in turn adjusts the heat exchange of the reheater, and thus indirectly adjusts the temperature of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0015] By adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve installed on the working fluid pipeline at the inlet of the helium turbine, the flow rate of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine or the pressure ratio of the helium turbine can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the output power of the helium turbine and the equivalent speed of the air compressor.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0017] By adjusting the opening of the fifth regulating valve installed on the fuel pipeline at the inlet of the main combustion chamber, the flow rate of fuel entering the main combustion chamber is adjusted, thereby adjusting the temperature and equivalence ratio of the main combustion chamber.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] This invention changes the operating parameters of the engine by adjusting the opening of each regulating valve, while also taking into account the matching of the regenerator's heat capacity flow rate, thereby achieving effective cascade utilization of energy in a multi-branch pre-cooled engine and ultimately enabling on-demand adjustment of the engine's operating status.

[0020] This invention adjusts the speed and power of the helium compressor by setting a first regulating valve, thereby affecting the total flow rate of the intermediate helium cycle. This achieves the adjustment of the heat capacity flow rate ratio between the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end of the regenerator. At this time, the power required by the helium compressor is relatively small, so only a portion of the flow characteristics are lost to achieve the adjustment purpose.

[0021] This invention adjusts the speed and power of the fuel pump by setting a second regulating valve, thereby changing the fuel flow rate into the hydrogen turbine of the fuel pump; and indirectly affects the highest pressure of the intermediate cycle through the transmission relationship between the cycle parameters. At this time, the power required by the fuel pump is relatively small, so the adjustment purpose can be achieved by only sacrificing a part of the fuel flow characteristics.

[0022] This invention regulates the fuel flow into the pre-combustion chamber by setting a third regulating valve, thereby effectively regulating the inlet temperature of the helium turbine and ensuring that the helium turbine operates within a safe range. This invention also regulates the equivalent speed of the air compressor or the power of the helium turbine by setting a fourth regulating valve, thereby meeting the system regulation requirements with a smaller total pressure loss. Furthermore, this invention regulates the equivalence ratio or temperature of the main combustion chamber by setting a fifth regulating valve, ensuring that the temperature of the main combustion chamber does not exceed the maximum allowable value, thus ensuring that the engine operates within a safe range. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.

[0025] Among them: 10, First regulating valve; 11, Second regulating valve; 12, Third regulating valve; 13, Fourth regulating valve; 14, Fifth regulating valve; 15, Precooler; 16, Helium compressor; 17, Regenerator; 18, Helium turbine; 19, Compressor hydrogen turbine; 20, Fuel pump hydrogen turbine; 21, Air compressor; 22, Pre-combustion chamber; 23, Reheater; 24, Main combustion chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0028] This invention discloses a method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect pre-cooled engine, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the indirect precooled engine includes: multiple compressor hydrogen turbines 19 connected in series, fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20, and pre-combustion chamber 22.

[0029] Each compressor hydrogen turbine 19 is coaxially connected to a helium compressor 16, and the inlet of each helium compressor 16 is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the corresponding regenerator 17. The fuel inlet of the last compressor hydrogen turbine 19 is connected to the low-temperature outlet of the regenerator 17 corresponding to the first compressor hydrogen turbine 19 via a main fuel pipeline. The fuel inlets and outlets of each compressor hydrogen turbine 19 are interconnected via a first fuel pipeline. The compressor hydrogen turbine 19 rotates under the drive of fuel, thereby driving the coaxially connected helium compressor 16 to rotate, which in turn drives the helium working fluid to flow into the precooler 15.

[0030] The fuel pump turbine 20 has a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet. The fuel inlet of the fuel pump turbine 20 is interconnected with the fuel outlet of the first compressor turbine 19 and a first fuel line. The fuel outlet of the fuel pump turbine 20 is connected to the fuel inlet via a second fuel line. The fuel pump turbine 20 rotates under the drive of fuel, thereby driving the fuel pump coaxially connected to it. The fuel pump delivers fuel from the fuel tank to the regenerator 17, and after passing through the regenerator 17, it re-enters the compressor turbine 19.

[0031] The air inlet of the air compressor 21 is connected to the heat source outlet of the precooler 15. The air compressor 21 is used to compress cooled air and deliver it to the pre-combustion chamber 22. The heat source inlet of the precooler 15 is connected to the incoming air from the outside. The cold source inlet of the precooler 15 is connected to the outlet of the helium compressor 16. The cold source outlet of the precooler 15 is connected to the cold source inlet of the reheater 23.

[0032] The inlet of the helium turbine 18 is connected to the cold source outlet of the reheater 23, the heat source inlet of the reheater 23 is connected to the outlet of the pre-combustion chamber 22, and the heat source outlet of the reheater 23 is connected to the main combustion chamber 24.

[0033] The high-temperature inlet of regenerator 17 is connected to the outlet of helium turbine 18, the low-temperature inlet of regenerator 17 is connected to the outlet of fuel pump, and the low-temperature outlet of regenerator 17 is connected to compressor hydrogen turbine 19.

[0034] The pre-combustion chamber 22 has a fuel inlet, an air inlet, and a gas outlet. The fuel inlet of the pre-combustion chamber 22 is connected to the fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20. The air inlet of the pre-combustion chamber 22 is connected to the outlet of the air compressor 21. The gas outlet of the pre-combustion chamber 22 is connected to the heat source inlet of the reheater 23. The pre-combustion chamber 22 is used to pre-combust the fuel and then transport it to the reheater 23. In the reheater 23, the fuel exchanges heat with the cryogenic helium working fluid from the precooler 15 and then enters the main combustion chamber 24.

[0035] Inhalation mode of an indirect pre-cooled engine:

[0036] For the air flow path, the air is compressed through the intake duct and enters the precooler 15. After being cooled by the low-temperature helium working fluid, it enters the air compressor 21 and is pressurized to the combustion chamber pressure level, and then enters the pre-combustion chamber 22 for combustion.

[0037] For the hydrogen flow path, liquid hydrogen is transported from the fuel tank to the regenerator 17 by the fuel pump, and then drives the compressor hydrogen turbine 19 and the fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20 in sequence. After that, the flow is split, with one part entering the outer bypass duct and the other part entering the pre-combustion chamber 22 to burn and generate high-temperature gas. After the reheater 23 further heats the helium working fluid flowing out of the precooler 15, it enters the main combustion chamber 24. After secondary combustion with the fuel, it enters the tail nozzle to do work and generate thrust.

[0038] For the helium flow path, the helium working fluid from the cold source outlet of reheater 23 enters helium turbine 18 to do work, then enters regenerator 17 to exchange heat with hydrogen fuel and cool down, and then is pressurized to the initial temperature and pressure by helium compressor 16 before entering reheater 23 to start the cycle again.

[0039] Adjustment methods include:

[0040] By adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve 10 installed on each first fuel pipeline, the fuel flow rate entering the fuel inlet of the compressor hydrogen turbine 19 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the power and flow rate of the helium compressor 16, and indirectly adjusting the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator 17.

[0041] By adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve 11 installed on the second fuel pipeline, the flow rate of fuel entering the hydrogen turbine 20 of the fuel pump is adjusted, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the fuel pump, which in turn adjusts the flow rate of fuel entering the cryogenic inlet of the corresponding regenerator 17, thereby adjusting the thermal capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator 17, and thus indirectly adjusting the outlet pressure of the helium compressor 16.

[0042] By adjusting the opening of the third regulating valve 12 installed on the fuel pipeline at the fuel inlet of the pre-combustion chamber 22, the flow rate of fuel entering the pre-combustion chamber 22 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the combustion temperature of the pre-combustion chamber 22, thereby adjusting the heat exchange of the reheater 23, and thus indirectly adjusting the temperature of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine 18.

[0043] By adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve 13 installed at the inlet of the helium turbine 18, the flow rate of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine 18 or the pressure ratio of the helium turbine 18 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the output power of the helium turbine 18 and the equivalent speed of the air compressor 21.

[0044] By adjusting the opening of the fifth regulating valve 14 installed on the fuel pipeline at the inlet of the main combustion chamber 24, the flow rate of fuel entering the main combustion chamber 24 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the temperature of the main combustion chamber 24 and the equivalence ratio of the main combustion chamber 24.

[0045] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect pre-cooled engine, characterized in that, The indirect pre-cooled engine includes: Multiple compressor hydrogen turbines (19) connected in series each have a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet. Each compressor hydrogen turbine (19) is coaxially connected to a helium compressor (16). The inlet of each helium compressor (16) is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the corresponding regenerator (17). The fuel inlet of the last compressor hydrogen turbine (19) is connected to the low-temperature outlet of the regenerator (17) corresponding to the first compressor hydrogen turbine (19) through a main fuel pipeline. The fuel inlet and fuel outlet of each compressor hydrogen turbine (19) are interconnected through a first fuel pipeline. The fuel pump hydrogen turbine (20) has a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet. Its fuel inlet is connected to the fuel outlet of the first compressor hydrogen turbine (19) and the first fuel line. The fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine (20) is connected to the fuel inlet through a second fuel line. The adjustment method includes: By adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve (10) installed on each of the first fuel lines, the fuel flow rate into the fuel inlet of the compressor hydrogen turbine (19) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the power and flow rate of the helium compressor (16), and thus indirectly adjusting the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator (17). By adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve (11) installed on the second fuel pipeline, the flow rate of fuel entering the fuel pump hydrogen turbine (20) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the fuel pump, thereby adjusting the flow rate of fuel entering the low-temperature inlet of the corresponding regenerator (17), thereby adjusting the thermal capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator (17), thereby indirectly adjusting the outlet pressure of the helium compressor (16).

2. The method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect pre-cooled engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indirect precooling engine further includes a pre-combustion chamber (22), which has a fuel inlet, an air inlet and a gas outlet. The fuel inlet of the pre-combustion chamber (22) is connected to the fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine (20), its air inlet is connected to the outlet of the air compressor (21), and its gas outlet is connected to the heat source inlet of the reheater (23). The pre-combustion chamber (22) is used to pre-combust the fuel and then deliver it to the reheater (23), where it exchanges heat with the cryogenic helium working fluid from the precooler (15) in the reheater (23) before entering the main combustion chamber (24). The adjustment method further includes: By adjusting the opening of the third regulating valve (12) installed on the fuel pipeline at the fuel inlet of the pre-combustion chamber (22), the flow rate of fuel entering the pre-combustion chamber (22) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the combustion temperature of the pre-combustion chamber (22), thereby adjusting the heat exchange of the reheater (23), and thereby indirectly adjusting the temperature of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine (18).

3. The method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect pre-cooled engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: By adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve (13) installed at the inlet of the helium turbine (18), the flow rate of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine (18) or the pressure ratio of the helium turbine (18) can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the output power of the helium turbine (18) and thus adjusting the equivalent speed of the air compressor (21).

4. The method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect pre-cooled engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: By adjusting the opening of the fifth regulating valve (14) installed on the fuel line at the inlet of the main combustion chamber (24), the flow rate of fuel entering the main combustion chamber (24) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the temperature of the main combustion chamber (24) and the equivalence ratio of the main combustion chamber (24).

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