A vibration isolation device for early warning of a clogging state of a de-agglomeration device and the de-agglomeration device

Abstract

The application provides a vibration isolation device and a separation device for early warning of a clogging state of the separation device, and comprises an acceleration sensor, a rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate, a rhombic variable damping structure and a fixed magnet. A plurality of rhombic variable damping structures are arranged between two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates, and the acceleration sensor is arranged above one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate. A fixed magnet is arranged below the other rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate. Through the rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate and the rhombic variable damping structure, the interference of low-frequency vibration on the monitoring signal of the acceleration sensor can be reduced, wherein the low-frequency vibration includes but is not limited to low-frequency vibration generated by vibration sources such as an engine, a header, a conveying mechanism and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting machinery, in particular to a vibration isolation device for early warning of a clogging state of a threshing and separating device and the threshing and separating device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing feeding capacity of the combined harvesting machinery in recent years, the clogging problem of each working component is becoming more and more serious. According to the survey, the threshing and separating link of the combined harvesting machine is prone to clogging, and the threshing and separating system is the core of the combined harvesting machine, so there is an urgent need for a means and method to monitor the load state of the threshing and separating device to change the previous situation of relying on the experience of the machine operator to prevent clogging. At present, the diagnosis of the load state of the threshing and separating device often adopts the method of directly measuring the threshing cylinder torque and speed, which can produce a certain expected effect. However, the torque sensor is relatively large in size, and its application on the combined harvesting machine has certain limitations, and the load state judged by torque or speed has a certain hysteresis, which often cannot achieve the purpose of early warning.

[0003] In agricultural machinery, the working efficiency and precision of the threshing and separating device are crucial to the threshing effect of crops. There are related researches on using the vibration signal of the outer surface of the threshing and separating device to diagnose the clogging load state of grain threshing, but because the threshing and separating device will be disturbed by low-frequency vibration signals generated by vibration sources including engines, header tables, conveying mechanisms, etc. during field operation of the combined harvesting machine, the signals directly received by the traditional acceleration sensor are relatively complex, which is not conducive to subsequent processing and diagnosis of the load state. Therefore, in order to facilitate subsequent signal analysis, it is necessary to remove or weaken the interference vibration.

[0004] Chinese patent CN117759680A discloses a bionic low-frequency vibration isolator to solve the problem that bad vibration in on-orbit satellites, optical elements and space telescopes can affect the working precision of equipment and cause structural deformation and damage. The device has a simple and flexible structure and good vibration isolation performance, and achieves excellent low-frequency vibration isolation performance in a wide frequency range. However, the vibration isolator is aimed at ultra-low frequency vibration and cannot effectively isolate the unnecessary vibration generated in the vibration monitoring of the threshing and separating device of the harvesting machinery.

[0005] The Chinese patent CN117869537A discloses a damping device composed of a damping pad, a pressure reducing pump mounting plate, a damping base plate, a damping transition plate, and a damper to solve the problem that the vibration of the sampling pump and the pressure reducing pump affects the angular velocity of the equipment vibration foot, and thus the strength of the equipment vibration cannot be accurately judged by the size of the equipment foot acceleration. The device has simple structure, low cost, and strong environmental adaptability, can absorb vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes generated by the pressure reducing pump and the sampling pump, thereby reducing the foot acceleration of the equipment. However, the device may affect the vibration signal generated by the threshing and separating device of the combine harvester when it is in a clogging state, which is not conducive to subsequent state judgment through signal analysis, and thus is not suitable for application in the threshing and separating device.

[0006] The Chinese patent CN115325086A discloses a new combined damping device with adjustable stiffness and damping to solve the contradiction between bearing capacity and damping frequency band and the contradiction between high-frequency and low-frequency vibration attenuation, and to achieve high-performance damping, to solve the problem that the stiffness and damping parameters of the linear damping device are fixed once determined, and the applicable range is fixed, which is only effective within a certain frequency range, and the environmental adaptability is weak. However, the device has complex structure and high cost, and the effect on low-frequency vibration is not significant, which is not suitable for the specific requirements of field harvesting.

[0007] The Chinese patent CN113074204B discloses an anti-impact super-low-frequency vibration isolator that has super-low-frequency vibration isolation characteristics and can quickly absorb impact energy in an impact environment, effectively prevent large displacement, and has higher safety performance in vibration isolation, to solve the problem that the super-low-frequency vibration isolator is prone to large displacement in an impact environment, and even damaged due to too large displacement. However, the device is effective for super-low-frequency vibration but may damage the impact signal of the grain on the shell of the threshing and separating device when it is in a clogging load state, leading to inaccurate early warning, and is not suitable for the clogging load state early warning process of the threshing and separating device.

[0008] The Chinese patent CN115325087B discloses a ship power transmission system based on a double-layer active-passive vibration isolator to solve the problem that passive vibration isolation mode suppresses the transmission of vibration of the dynamic equipment to the ship body, and the attenuation of low-frequency line spectrum vibration is weak. The device effectively attenuates the transmission of vibration of the main engine and the transmission system to the ship body, but has complex structure, and the active vibration isolation may damage the signal of the clogging load state, which is not suitable for the particularity of the threshing and separating device signal only for interference vibration isolation. SUMMARY

[0009] In view of the problem that the existing acceleration sensor is directly applied to the signal collection of the threshing device of the harvesting machine, and the low-frequency vibration of other components or the resonance of the threshing device causes signal interference to the threshing device, the application provides a vibration isolation device for early warning of the plugging state of a threshing device and a threshing device, which can reduce the interference of low-frequency vibration on the monitoring signal of the acceleration sensor through a rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate and a rhombus variable damping structure, wherein the low-frequency vibration includes but is not limited to low-frequency vibration generated by vibration sources such as an engine, a header, and a conveying mechanism.

[0010] The application achieves the above technical object through the following technical means:

[0011] The application provides a vibration isolation device for early warning of the plugging state of a threshing device, which comprises an acceleration sensor, a rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate, a rhombus variable damping structure, and a fixed magnet. A plurality of rhombus variable damping structures are arranged between two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates, and the acceleration sensor is arranged above one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate.

[0012] Further, the rhombus variable damping structure comprises a rhombus four-bar mechanism and an elastic damping, four rod members constitute the rhombus four-bar mechanism, two opposite angles of the rhombus four-bar mechanism are hingedly connected with a first sliding block and a first guide rail respectively, the first sliding block is movably arranged on the first guide rail, the first sliding block is connected with one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate, and the first guide rail is connected with the other rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate, the other two opposite angles of the rhombus four-bar mechanism are connected with the first sliding block through the elastic damping respectively, the bottom of the rhombus four-bar mechanism is hingedly connected with a second sliding block through a support rod, the second sliding block is movably arranged on a second guide rail, and the second guide rail is arranged on one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate.

[0013] Further, the rod member connected with the support rod is hingedly connected with the first guide rail at one end and connected with the elastic damping at the other end.

[0014] Further, the first sliding block is moved on the first guide rail by an external force, so as to change the distance between the two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates, and the direction in which the elastic damping generates damping is perpendicular to the direction in which the first sliding block moves.

[0015] Further, the rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate comprises a damping pad and a damping steel plate, the damping pad is arranged on one surface of the damping steel plate, and a plurality of rhombus variable damping structures are arranged between the damping steel plates of the two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates.

[0016] Further, the material of the damping pad is polyurethane, and the damping steel plate is provided with a damping material interlayer.

[0017] Further, the vibration isolation device has an equilateral triangular prism shape.

[0018] A kind of unscrambling device, the vibration isolation device for early warning of the unscrambling device tendency to block state is mounted on the shell, the acceleration sensor is used to input vibration signal to early warning unit, and early warning unit judges whether early warning is needed according to vibration signal.

[0019] The present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0020] 1. The vibration isolation device for early warning of the unscrambling device tendency to block state and the unscrambling device, by rubber-damping plate combination bottom plate and diamond variable damping structure, can reduce the interference of low-frequency vibration on the monitoring signal of acceleration sensor, and the low-frequency vibration here includes but is not limited to the low-frequency vibration generated by vibration source such as engine, header, conveying mechanism, etc.

[0021] 2. The vibration isolation device for early warning of the unscrambling device tendency to block state and the unscrambling device, diamond variable damping structure includes diamond four-bar mechanism and elastic damping, which can avoid the vibration acceleration sensor from being impacted by a large amplitude, reduce the fatigue of the sensor in the extreme vibration environment for a long time, and help maintain the measurement accuracy.

[0022] 3. The vibration isolation device for early warning of the unscrambling device tendency to block state and the unscrambling device, by rubber-damping plate combination bottom plate and diamond variable damping structure, solve the problem that the signal received by the sensor is complex and the noise component is more due to the large vibration amplitude of the unscrambling device itself, so that the monitoring signal can more clearly and stably reflect the actual load state of the unscrambling device, which helps to accurately judge the load state of the unscrambling device.

[0023] 4. The unscrambling device, by acquisition, storage and processing unit, real-time processing of vibration signal, and providing load state early warning information for machine hand through early warning device, realizes the purpose of preventing unscrambling device from blocking and avoiding blocking risk. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. The drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the vibration isolation device for early warning of the unscrambling device tendency to block state.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the rubber-damping plate combination bottom plate.

[0027] Figure 3 Front view of the rhombus variable damping structure according to the present application.

[0028] Figure 4 Second slider three-dimensional view according to the present application.

[0029] Figure 5 Installation position schematic view of the threshing device vibration isolation device according to the present application.

[0030] Figure 6 Threshing device flow chart according to the present application.

[0031] In the drawings:

[0032] 1 - acceleration sensor; 2 - rubber-damping plate combined base plate; 2-1 - damping pad; 2-2 - damping steel plate; 3 - rhombus variable damping structure; 3-1 - rod; 3-2 - spring; 3-3 - first slider; 3-4 - first guide rail; 3-5 - support rod; 3-6 - second slider; 3-7 - second guide rail; 4 - fixed magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, which show by way of example, embodiments in which the same or similar elements have the same or similar reference numbers. The embodiments described below are examples intended to explain the present application, and are not to be understood as limiting the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0035] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 The vibration isolation device for early warning of plugging state of a de-agglomeration device according to the present application comprises an acceleration sensor 1, a rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2, a rhombic variable damping structure 3 and a fixed magnet 4. The overall vibration isolation device is in the shape of a triangular prism, a plurality of rhombic variable damping structures 3 are arranged between two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates 2, and the acceleration sensor 1 is arranged above one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2. A fixed magnet 4 is arranged below the other rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2, which facilitates the adsorption and installation of the vibration isolation device. In the embodiment, the rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2 is in the shape of an equilateral triangle, and three rhombic variable damping structures 3 are arranged on the three sides of the two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates 2. The rhombic variable damping structure can reduce the influence of transverse vibration. Through the rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate and the rhombic variable damping structure, the interference of low-frequency vibration and transverse vibration with the monitoring signal of the acceleration sensor can be reduced. The low-frequency vibration herein includes, but is not limited to, low-frequency vibration generated by vibration sources such as engines, header tables and conveying mechanisms.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rhombic variable damping structure 3 comprises a rhombic four-bar mechanism and an elastic damping. Four rod members 3-1 constitute the rhombic four-bar mechanism, two opposite angles of the rhombic four-bar mechanism are hingedly connected with a first sliding block 3-3 and a first guide rail 3-4, respectively. The first sliding block 3-3 is movably arranged on the first guide rail 3-4, the first sliding block 3-3 is connected with one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2, and the first guide rail 3-4 is connected with the other rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2. The other two opposite angles of the rhombic four-bar mechanism are connected with the first sliding block 3-3 through elastic dampings, respectively. The bottom of the rhombic four-bar mechanism is hingedly connected with a second sliding block 3-6 through a support rod 3-5. The second sliding block 3-6 is movably arranged on a second guide rail 3-7, and the second guide rail 3-7 is arranged on one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2.

[0038] For the convenience of description, the four said rod 3-1 constitute a rhombus four-bar mechanism for the rhombus ABCD, wherein A, C for a diagonal vertex, B, D for the other diagonal vertex; Four said rod 3-1 is respectively referred to as rod AB, rod BC, rod CD and rod AD; The intersection of rod AB, rod BC, rod CD and rod AD is the hinge point, A hinge point is located on the first sliding block 3-3, C hinge point is located on the first guide rail 3-4, the first sliding block 3-3 can slide along the first guide rail 3-4. B hinge point and D hinge point are connected with the first sliding block 3-3 through the spring 3-2; The midpoint of rod BC and the midpoint of rod CD are connected with the support rod 3-5, and the other end of the support rod 3-5 is hinged with the second sliding block 3-6, which is movably installed on the second guide rail 3-7. The first sliding block 3-3 is moved on the first guide rail 3-4 by external force, so as to change the distance between the two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates 2, in addition, the direction of damping generated by the spring 3-2 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the first sliding block 3-3, as shown in Figure 3 The direction of movement of the first sliding block 3-3 is y direction, and the direction of damping generated by the spring 3-2 is x direction, which is the direction of transverse vibration. The four intersection points of the rhombus four-bar mechanism are provided with deep groove ball bearings to prevent unnecessary deviation during structural deformation.

[0039] As shown in Figure 2 The rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2 includes a damping pad 2-1 and a damping steel plate 2-2; the damping pad 2-1 is located on one surface of the damping steel plate 2-2, and a plurality of rhombic damping variable structures 3 are arranged between the damping steel plates 2-2 of the two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates 2. The material of the damping pad 2-1 is polyurethane, which has good elasticity and compressibility, can absorb part of the vibration energy, and the thickness is 10mm; the damping steel plate 2-2 is provided with a polymer-based material interlayer, and in the embodiment, the damping steel plate 2-2 is an aluminum alloy plate provided with a polymer-based material interlayer, which is also a damping material, which can be rubber or polyurethane, can dissipate energy to reduce the small amplitude of vibration at resonance, and the thickness of the damping steel plate 2-2 is 8mm. The rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate 2 includes but is not limited to the following shapes in addition to the equilateral triangle embodiment mentioned in the text: circular arc, polygon, etc., and the interlayer material in the damping pad 2-1 and the damping steel plate 2-2 can be selected according to the specific working conditions.

[0040] As shown in Figure 5As shown, a kind of separating device, the shell is installed on the vibration isolation device for early warning of the blocking state of the separating device, the acceleration sensor 1 is used to input vibration signal to early warning unit, and early warning unit judges whether early warning is needed according to vibration signal.The fixed magnet 4 acts as adsorbed on the outer shell of the combine harvester separating device, easy to install, can replace monitoring point position at any time and effectively prevent the inaccuracy of monitoring signal caused by the displacement of monitoring point position due to the violent vibration during the operation of the combine harvester.

[0041] The vibration isolation device is designed according to the vibration source under the typical working condition of the combine harvester, specifically: 1) idle speed condition, engine starts idling, not walking, vibration source is engine;2) high speed standby, engine runs to maximum speed, other components do not work, vibration source is engine;3) threshing idling, clutch is closed, working components are running but not walking, vibration source is the superposition of engine, threshing mechanism, cleaning mechanism and conveying system;4) walking condition, engine high speed, all working components are running and walking on the crop-free ground, header has no feeding, vibration source is the superposition of engine, threshing mechanism, cleaning mechanism and conveying system;5) working condition, engine high speed, normal speed harvesting operation, header has feeding, vibration source is the superposition of engine, threshing mechanism, cleaning mechanism, wherein different feeding amount changes the load of threshing system, and then affects the vibration signal.

[0042] According to the related research, the transverse vibration of threshing cylinder, the front and rear reciprocating motion of vibrating screen, the up and down swing of the connection between conveying groove and threshing frame and the up and down vibration of engine are the main vibration sources of combine harvester, in addition, there is also road surface vibration excitation of the whole machine, and the excitation frequency of each vibration source on the combine harvester is concentrated in the two interval segments of 20-25Hz and 45-50Hz, which belongs to low frequency vibration.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] The vibration isolation device in this embodiment contains rubber material, which itself has elasticity and can be elastically deformed when subjected to low-frequency vibration excitation. This deformation will absorb vibration energy and convert it into heat energy inside the rubber or other forms of energy to dissipate. At the same time, the presence of the damping plate further enhances the effect of energy dissipation. Thus, low-frequency vibration interference on the threshing device signal is suppressed. The elastic properties of the spring in the diamond-shaped damping structure can change the natural frequency of the vibration system, making it far away from the excitation frequency of low-frequency vibration, thereby avoiding resonance, reducing vibration transmission, and achieving vibration isolation. The rods serve to support and guide the deformation direction of the spring, ensuring that the spring can stretch and contract within a reasonable range. The diamond-shaped structure has nonlinear stiffness and nonlinear damping. Compared with traditional linear vibration isolators, it has a lower peak frequency and response, a wider frequency band, and damping generated by the friction between the rods and the air, which can dissipate energy and reduce low-frequency vibration from various vibration sources and the threshing device itself during operation. This reduces the interference signal in the signal collected by the sensor and highlights the impact signal of crops such as rice and wheat on the threshing device shell, making the threshing device load trend warning more accurate.

[0045] The embodiment also provides a threshing load trend warning method based on the above vibration isolation device, as shown in Figure 6

[0046] 1) Install the vibration isolation device on the outer surface of the threshing device, and place the acceleration sensor above the vibration isolation device.

[0047] 2) After the machine starts, the original vibration signal passes through the vibration isolation device, reducing the low-frequency vibration interference caused by the resonance of the threshing device from vibration sources such as the engine, header, and conveying mechanism, so that the main component of the isolated signal only contains the signal characteristics of the threshing system during operation.

[0048] 3) The isolated vibration signal passes through the signal acquisition and storage module in the acquisition and storage device, is classified and saved, and finally enters the warning device through the analysis and processing module.

[0049] 4) When the load trend signal is detected, the warning device generates a warning message.

[0050] The above is the basic principle and working process of the vibration signal isolation device and method for threshing load trend warning.

[0051] It should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. The description of the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.​

[0052] The above detailed description merely illustrates possible non-limiting specific embodiments of the application. It is not intended to limit the scope of the application, which is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A vibration isolation device for early warning of a plugging state of a desulfurization device, characterized in that, The acceleration sensor (1), the rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate (2), the rhombus variable damping structure (3) and the fixed magnet (4) are included. A plurality of rhombus variable damping structures (3) are arranged between two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates (2), and the acceleration sensor (1) is arranged above one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate (2); and a fixed magnet (4) is arranged below the other rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate (2). The rhombus variable damping structure (3) comprises a rhombus four-bar mechanism and an elastic damping member; four rod members (3-1) constitute the rhombus four-bar mechanism, two opposite angles of the rhombus four-bar mechanism are hingedly connected with a first sliding block (3-3) and a first guide rail (3-4) respectively; the first sliding block (3-3) is movably arranged on the first guide rail (3-4), the first sliding block (3-3) is connected with one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate (2), and the first guide rail (3-4) is connected with the other rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate (2); the other two opposite angles of the rhombus four-bar mechanism are connected with the first sliding block (3-3) through the elastic damping member respectively; the bottom of the rhombus four-bar mechanism is hingedly connected with a second sliding block (3-6) through a support rod (3-5); and the second sliding block (3-6) is movably arranged on a second guide rail (3-7), and the second guide rail (3-7) is arranged on one rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate (2).

2. The vibration isolation device for early warning of a plugging state of a desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rod member (3-1) connected with the support rod (3-5) is hingedly connected with the first guide rail (3-4) at one end and connected with the elastic damping member at the other end.

3. The vibration isolation device for early warning of a plugging state of a desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sliding block (3-3) is moved on the first guide rail (3-4) by an external force, so as to change the distance between the two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates (2); and the damping direction of the elastic damping member is perpendicular to the moving direction of the first sliding block (3-3).

4. The vibration isolation device for early warning of a plugging state of a desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber-damping plate combined bottom plate (2) comprises a damping pad (2-1) and a damping steel plate (2-2); the damping pad (2-1) is arranged on one surface of the damping steel plate (2-2), and a plurality of rhombus variable damping structures (3) are arranged between the damping steel plates (2-2) of the two rubber-damping plate combined bottom plates (2).

5. The vibration isolation device for early warning of a plugging state of a desalination device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The damping steel plate (2-2) is provided with a damping material interlayer.

6. The vibration isolation device for early warning of a plugging state of a desalination device according to claim 1, wherein, The vibration isolation device has an equilateral triangular prism shape.

7. A threshing device characterized by The vibration isolation device for early warning of the plugging state of the unloading device is arranged on the shell, the acceleration sensor (1) is used for inputting a vibration signal to a warning unit, and the warning unit judges whether early warning is needed according to the vibration signal.

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