Efficient anti-backflow shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical equipment, and particularly relates to an efficient anti-backflow shell-and-tube heat exchanger which comprises a shell, and a cavity in the shell is divided into a flow dividing cavity, a flow converging cavity and a heat exchange cavity by a front baffle and a rear baffle; a plurality of heat exchange pipes are arranged in the heat exchange cavity; a first medium circulates in the heat exchange tube; a first baffle plate and a second baffle plate are arranged outside the heat exchange cavity in the flowing direction; the first baffle plate guides the second medium to flow from the direction away from the inner side wall of the heat exchange cavity to the direction close to the inner side wall. The second baffle plate guides the second medium to flow from the direction close to the inner side wall of the heat exchange cavity to the direction away from the inner side wall. The first baffle plates and the second baffle plates are alternately arranged in the flowing direction of the second medium. The first medium circulates in the first heat exchange tube, the second medium flows in the heat exchange cavity outside the heat exchange tube, and the flowing direction of the second medium is changed by means of the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate, so that the second medium flows through part of the heat exchange tube which is not fully contacted, heat exchange is more uniform, and the efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical equipment, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency backflow-proof shell and tube heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] In the field of industrial manufacturing, complex production processes are often accompanied by the generation of heat. The properties and functions of this heat are different. Some of the heat is necessary for the production process to maintain the smooth progress of chemical reactions, physical phase changes or process operations; while other heat may have an adverse effect on the production process, such as causing equipment overheating, increased energy consumption or reduced product quality. Therefore, effective management of heat has become a key technical link in industrial production. As a general process equipment, heat exchange equipment is widely used in process industries. Its core function is to achieve heat transfer and exchange, thereby optimizing the thermal efficiency and energy utilization of the production process.

[0003] As an important type of industrial process equipment, heat exchangers are mainly used to realize the heat exchange function between cold and hot media in pipeline process systems. Among the many types of heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers have become the most widely used type due to their high efficiency, stability and durability. This type of heat exchanger uses a pipeline process system to allow cold and hot media to flow in their respective flow channels, thereby completing the transfer and conversion of heat. However, although shell and tube heat exchangers have been widely used, how to improve heat transfer efficiency during their operation is still a core issue in the development of heat exchangers. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger, the purpose of which is to allow the second medium to flow through the heat exchange cavity and fully contact with the heat exchange tube filled with the first medium, thereby achieving a heat exchange effect between the first medium and the second medium and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell, a cavity in the shell, a front baffle and a rear baffle installed in the shell, the front baffle and the rear baffle divide the cavity in the shell into three chambers, namely a diverter chamber, a converging chamber and a heat exchange chamber; the heat exchange chamber is located between the front baffle and the rear baffle; the two ends of the heat exchange chamber are the diverter chamber and the converging chamber; a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchange chamber; one end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the front baffle, and the other end is connected to the rear baffle; the heat exchange tube divides the heat exchange chamber into an inner tube space and an outer tube space; the inner tube space is connected to the diverter chamber and the converging chamber, and the inner tube space accommodates a first medium during heat exchange; The space outside the tube accommodates the second medium during heat exchange; a first interface connected to the diversion chamber is provided on the shell; a second interface connected to the converging chamber is provided on the shell; a third interface and a fourth interface connected to the heat exchange chamber are provided on the shell; a plurality of baffles are provided along the flow direction in the space outside the tube of the heat exchange chamber; the baffles include two types, namely, the first baffle and the second baffle; the first baffle guides the second medium to flow from a direction away from the inner side wall of the heat exchange chamber to a direction close to the inner side wall; the second baffle guides the second medium to flow from a direction close to the inner side wall of the heat exchange chamber to a direction away from the inner side wall; the first baffle and the second baffle are alternately arranged along the flow direction of the second medium.

[0006] Furthermore, the first medium enters the diversion chamber from the first interface, passes through the heat exchange tube to the converging chamber, and finally flows out from the second interface. The second medium enters the heat exchange chamber from the third interface, and under the guidance of the baffle, finally converges to gradually approach the fourth interface, and finally flows out from the fourth interface. The two fluid media are respectively inside and outside the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange effect is achieved under the action of the heat exchange tube during the flow process. The baffle is used to change the flow direction of the second medium, so that the second medium that originally flows directly from the third interface to the fourth interface is guided to the other end of the inner wall of the shell with the help of the first baffle, and then gradually passes through the first baffle and the second baffle, and flows out from the fourth interface, expanding the flow path of the second medium, thereby increasing the contact time between the fluid medium and the heat exchange tube wall, thereby greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0007] The third interface and the fourth interface are arranged at two ends of the heat exchange cavity; the fourth interface is located at one end close to the front baffle; and the third interface is located at one end close to the rear baffle.

[0008] Furthermore, the larger the distance between the third interface and the fourth interface, the longer the second medium flows in the heat exchange chamber, which is more conducive to improving the heat exchange effect.

[0009] The first baffle is a conical surface; there is a flow gap between the inner wall of the shell and the first baffle for the second medium to flow through the first baffle.

[0010] The second baffle is a conical surface; the second baffle is connected to the inner wall of the shell; and a through hole is provided in the middle of the second baffle for the second medium to flow out.

[0011] Furthermore, there is no flow gap between the second baffle and the inner wall of the shell, so the second medium is gradually guided to the through hole and passes through the second baffle from the through hole.

[0012] The heat exchange tubes are arranged in a plurality of concentric rings in the heat exchange cavity. The number of heat exchange tubes on each concentric ring is different, and the radial spacing between adjacent concentric rings is equal.

[0013] Furthermore, the uniform arrangement of the heat exchange tubes helps to evenly heat the medium in the heat exchange cavity, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0014] The first baffle is provided with a plurality of first flow holes for partially allowing the second medium to pass through the first baffle; the second baffle is provided with a plurality of second flow holes for partially allowing the second medium to pass through the second baffle.

[0015] Furthermore, part of the second medium flows directly to the second baffle from the flow gap between the first baffle and the inner wall of the shell, and another part of the second medium passes through the first flow hole and fully contacts the part of the heat exchange tube located in the center of the first baffle, so that each heat exchange tube can contact the second medium to achieve a more efficient heat exchange effect.

[0016] It also includes a spring, a piston, a guide cylinder, a spring seat and an elastic limit key; the third interface extends to a guide cylinder provided in the shell, and a plurality of filter holes are provided on the guide cylinder; a piston is installed in the third interface, and the piston is slidably arranged in the guide cylinder; a spring seat is installed at one end of the piston facing the guide cylinder, and a spring is installed on the spring seat; an elastic limit key is installed at one end of the piston away from the guide cylinder, and the elastic limit key is connected to the inner wall of the third interface.

[0017] Furthermore, when the second medium flows in from the third interface and reaches the piston, the piston installed on the spring is pressed downward under the action of pressure, and the second medium enters the housing from the filter hole on the guide cylinder. When the second medium flows in the reverse direction, the piston is pushed upward to block the second medium from flowing out of the third interface, thereby effectively preventing sudden pressure changes in the system and avoiding the occurrence of water hammer or water hammer.

[0018] The end of the spring seat away from the piston is installed on the heat exchange tube; the filter holes are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the guide tube; the aperture of the filter holes is 0.5mm~1.5mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the second medium applies a pressure to the piston and passes through the filter hole into the heat exchange chamber. The filter hole limits the entry and exit of substances of a certain size, which can effectively filter impurities without significantly increasing the flow resistance. While avoiding blockage of the flow of the second medium, it does not affect the heat exchange.

[0020] The flow direction of the first medium is to enter the diversion cavity from the first interface, enter the heat exchange tube through the tube hole, reach the converging cavity, and finally flow out from the second interface; the flow direction of the second medium is to enter the heat exchange cavity from the third interface, flow through the heat exchange cavity along the first baffle and the second baffle, and finally flow out from the fourth interface.

[0021] The heat exchange tube is a curved tube.

[0022] Furthermore, the curved heat exchange tube not only significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency and can more effectively achieve heat transfer, but also reduces the flow resistance and reduces the energy loss of the fluid during the heat exchange process. In addition, it also increases the flexibility and adaptability of the heat exchanger, and can better meet the heat exchange requirements under different working conditions.

[0023] Beneficial Effects In the high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger of the present invention, the first medium flows in the first heat exchange tube, and the second medium flows in the heat exchange cavity outside the heat exchange tube. With the help of the first baffle and the second baffle, the flow direction of the second medium is changed, so that the second medium flows through the heat exchange tube with insufficient contact, so that the heat exchange is more uniform and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. In addition, the third interface is equipped with a guide cylinder, a piston, a spring and other components, which can effectively block the outflow of the second medium, thereby preventing sudden pressure changes in the system and avoiding the occurrence of water hammer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 , Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of a shell and tube heat exchanger with high efficiency and anti-backflow function; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first baffle and the second baffle in a shell and tube heat exchanger with high efficiency and anti-backflow function; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third interface in a shell and tube heat exchanger with high efficiency and anti-backflow; Figure 5 A side view of a shell and tube heat exchanger with high efficiency and anti-backflow function; Figure 6 A side cross-sectional view of a shell and tube heat exchanger with high efficiency and anti-backflow function; Figure 7 , Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a shell and tube heat exchanger with high efficiency and anti-backflow function.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings: 1. Shell; 11. First interface; 12. Second interface; 13. Third interface; 14. Fourth interface; 2. Diverter chamber; 3. Front baffle; 4. Converging chamber; 5. Rear baffle; 6. Heat exchange tube; 7. Heat exchange chamber; 81. First baffle; 811. First flow hole; 82. Second baffle; 821. Second flow hole; 822. Through hole; 91. Spring; 92. Piston; 93. Guide cylinder; 931. Filter hole; 94. Spring seat; 95. Elastic limit key. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Example 1 like Figure 1 The one shown includes a shell 1, which has a cavity inside. A front baffle 3 and a rear baffle 5 are installed inside the shell 1. The front baffle 3 and the rear baffle 5 divide the cavity inside the shell 1 into three chambers, namely, a diverter chamber 2, a converging chamber 4 and a heat exchange chamber 7; the heat exchange chamber 7 is located between the front baffle 3 and the rear baffle 5; the two ends of the heat exchange chamber 7 are the diverter chamber 2 and the converging chamber 4; a plurality of heat exchange tubes 6 are arranged in the heat exchange chamber 7; one end of the heat exchange tube 6 is connected to the front baffle 3, and the other end is connected to the rear baffle 5; the heat exchange tube 6 is arranged in a plurality of concentric rings in the heat exchange chamber 7, the number of heat exchange tubes 6 on each concentric ring is different, and the radial spacing between adjacent concentric rings is equal. Among them, the heat exchange tube 6 divides the heat exchange chamber 7 into an inner tube space and an outer tube space.

[0027] The space inside the tube connects the flow-dividing chamber 2 and the flow-converging chamber 4, and the space inside the tube accommodates the first medium during heat exchange; the space outside the tube accommodates the second medium during heat exchange; the shell 1 is provided with a first interface 11 connected to the flow-dividing chamber 2; the shell 1 is provided with a second interface 12 connected to the flow-converging chamber 4; the shell 1 is provided with a third interface 13 and a fourth interface 14 connected to the heat exchange chamber 7; the third interface 13 and the fourth interface 14 are provided at both ends of the heat exchange chamber 7; the third interface 13 is located at one end close to the front baffle 3; the fourth interface 14 is located at one end close to the rear baffle 5. The larger the distance between the third interface 13 and the fourth interface 14, the longer the second medium flows in the heat exchange chamber 7, which is more conducive to improving the heat exchange effect.

[0028] A plurality of baffles are arranged along the flow direction in the outer space of the heat exchange chamber 7; the baffles include two types, namely the first baffle 81 and the second baffle 82; the first baffle 81 guides the second medium to flow from the direction away from the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber 7 to the direction close to the inner wall; the second baffle 82 guides the second medium to flow from the direction close to the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber 7 to the direction away from the inner wall; the first baffle 81 and the second baffle 82 are arranged alternately along the flow direction of the second medium. The first baffle 81 is a conical surface; there is a flow gap between the inner wall of the shell 1 and the first baffle 81 for the second medium to flow through the first baffle 81. The second baffle 82 is a conical surface; the second baffle 82 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 1; there is a through hole 822 in the middle of the second baffle 82 for the second medium to flow out.

[0029] The first baffle 81 is provided with a plurality of first flow holes 811 for the second medium to partially pass through the first baffle 81; the second baffle 82 is provided with a plurality of second flow holes 821 for the second medium to partially pass through the second baffle 82. Part of the second medium flows directly to the second baffle 82 from the flow gap between the first baffle 81 and the inner wall of the shell 1, and the other part of the second medium passes through the first flow holes 811 and fully contacts with the part of the heat exchange tube 6 located in the center of the first baffle 81, so that each heat exchange tube 6 can contact with the second medium to achieve a more efficient heat exchange effect.

[0030] The flow direction of the first medium is from the first interface 11 into the diversion chamber 2, through the tube hole into the heat exchange tube 6, to the confluence chamber 4, and finally out of the second interface 12; the flow direction of the second medium is from the third interface 13 into the heat exchange chamber 7, along the first baffle 81 and the second baffle 82 through the heat exchange chamber 7, and finally out of the fourth interface 14. The two fluid media are respectively inside and outside the heat exchange tube 6, and the heat exchange effect is achieved under the action of the heat exchange tube 6 during the flow. The baffle is used to change the flow direction of the second medium, so that the second medium that originally flows directly from the third interface 13 to the fourth interface 14 is guided to the other end of the inner wall of the shell 1 with the help of the first baffle 81, and then gradually passes through the first baffle 81 and the second baffle 82, and flows out of the fourth interface 14, expanding the flow path of the second medium, thereby increasing the contact time between the fluid medium and the heat exchange tube wall, thereby greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0031] It also includes a spring 91, a piston 92, a guide cylinder 93, a spring seat 94 and an elastic limit key 95; the third interface 13 extends to the housing 1 and is provided with a guide cylinder 93, and the guide cylinder 93 is provided with a plurality of filter holes 931; the filter holes 931 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the guide cylinder 93; the aperture of the filter holes 931 is 0.5mm~1.5mm. The second medium applies a pressure to the piston 92 and passes through the filter holes 931 to the heat exchange chamber 7. The filter holes 931 limit the entry and exit of a certain size of material, which can effectively filter impurities without significantly increasing the flow resistance, and avoids the blockage of the flow of the second medium without affecting the heat exchange.

[0032] A piston 92 is installed in the third interface 13, and the piston 92 is slidably arranged in the guide cylinder 93; a spring seat 94 is installed at the end of the piston 92 facing the guide cylinder 93, and a spring 91 is installed on the spring seat 94; the end of the spring seat 94 away from the piston 92 is installed on the heat exchange tube 6; an elastic limit key 95 is installed at the end of the piston 92 away from the guide cylinder 93, and the elastic limit key 95 is connected to the inner wall of the third interface 13. When the second medium flows in from the third interface 13 and reaches the piston 92, the piston 92 installed on the spring 91 is pressed downward under the action of pressure, and the second medium enters the housing 1 from the filter hole 931 on the guide cylinder 93. When the second medium flows in the opposite direction, the piston 92 is pushed upward to block the second medium from flowing out of the third interface 13, thereby effectively preventing the sudden change of pressure in the system and avoiding the occurrence of water hammer or water hammer.

[0033] In addition, the heat exchange tube 6 can also be a curved tube. The curved heat exchange tube 6 not only significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency and can more effectively achieve heat transfer, but also reduces the flow resistance and reduces the energy loss of the fluid during the heat exchange process. In addition, it also increases the flexibility and adaptability of the heat exchanger and can better meet the heat exchange requirements under different working conditions.

[0034] It should be noted that the above is only a technical solution of the invention and not a limitation. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), wherein the shell (1) has a cavity therein, wherein a front baffle (3) and a rear baffle (5) are installed in the shell (1), wherein the front baffle (3) and the rear baffle (5) divide the cavity in the shell (1) into three chambers, namely a flow diversion chamber (2), a flow converging chamber (4) and a heat exchange chamber (7); the heat exchange chamber (7) is located between the front baffle (3) and the rear baffle (5); and the two ends of the heat exchange chamber (7) are the flow diversion chamber (2) and the flow converging chamber (4); A plurality of heat exchange tubes (6) are arranged in the heat exchange chamber (7); one end of the heat exchange tube (6) is connected to the front baffle (3), and the other end is connected to the rear baffle (5); the heat exchange tube (6) divides the heat exchange chamber (7) into an inner tube space and an outer tube space; the inner tube space is connected to the flow-dividing chamber (2) and the flow-converging chamber (4); the inner tube space contains a first medium during heat exchange; the outer tube space contains a second medium during heat exchange; the shell (1) is provided with a first interface (11) connected to the flow-dividing chamber (2); the shell (1) is provided with a second interface (12) connected to the flow-converging chamber (4); the shell (1) is provided with a third interface (13) and a fourth interface (14) connected to the heat exchange chamber (7); A plurality of baffles are arranged in the outer tube space of the heat exchange chamber (7) along the flow direction; the baffles include two types, namely a first baffle (81) and a second baffle (82); the first baffle (81) guides the second medium to flow from a direction away from the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber (7) to a direction close to the inner wall; the second baffle (82) guides the second medium to flow from a direction close to the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber (7) to a direction away from the inner wall; the first baffle (81) and the second baffle (82) are alternately arranged along the flow direction of the second medium.

2. The high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third interface (13) and the fourth interface (14) are arranged at two ends of the heat exchange chamber (7); the fourth interface (14) is located at an end close to the front baffle (3); and the third interface (13) is located at an end close to the rear baffle (5).

3. The high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first baffle (81) is in the form of a conical surface; there is a flow gap between the inner wall of the shell (1) and the first baffle (81) for the second medium to flow through the first baffle (81).

4. The high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second baffle (82) is in the form of a conical surface; the second baffle (82) is connected to the inner wall of the shell (1); and a through hole (822) is provided in the middle of the second baffle (82) for the second medium to flow out.

5. The high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat exchange tubes (6) are arranged in the heat exchange cavity (7) in the form of a plurality of concentric rings, the number of heat exchange tubes (6) on each concentric ring is different, and the radial spacing between adjacent concentric rings is equal.

6. The high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first baffle plate (81) is provided with a plurality of first flow holes (811) for a second medium to partially pass through the first baffle plate (81); the second baffle plate (82) is provided with a plurality of second flow holes (821) for a second medium to partially pass through the second baffle plate (82).

7. The high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a spring (91), a piston (92), a guide cylinder (93), a spring seat (94) and an elastic limit key (95); the third interface (13) extends to the housing (1) and is provided with the guide cylinder (93), and the guide cylinder (93) is provided with a plurality of filter holes (931); the third interface (13) is provided with the piston (92), and the piston (92) is slidably arranged in the guide cylinder (93); the spring seat (94) is provided at one end of the piston (92) facing the guide cylinder (93), and the spring (91) is provided on the spring seat (94); the elastic limit key (95) is provided at one end of the piston (92) away from the guide cylinder (93), and the elastic limit key (95) is connected to the inner wall of the third interface (13).

8. The high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the spring seat (94) away from the piston (92) is mounted on the heat exchange tube (6); the filter holes (931) are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the guide cylinder (93); and the diameter of the filter holes (931) is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

9. The high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow direction of the first medium is from the first interface (11) into the flow distribution chamber (2), through the tube hole into the heat exchange tube (6), to the converging chamber (4), and finally out of the second interface (12); the flow direction of the second medium is from the third interface (13) into the heat exchange chamber (7), along the first baffle (81) and the second baffle (82) through the heat exchange chamber (7), and finally out of the fourth interface (14).

10. A high-efficiency anti-backflow shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube (6) is a curved tube.

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