Recoverable sensor mounting device self-adaptive to complex drilling and mounting method of recoverable sensor mounting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a recoverable sensor mounting device self-adaptive to complex drilling and a mounting method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of poor signal receiving reliability and stability caused by unstable mounting of a sensor in complex drilling environments such as duct deflection, bottom slag accumulation and special-shaped hole construction in deep rock tunnel construction, and discloses a recoverable sensor mounting device self-adaptive to complex drilling and a mounting method of the recoverable sensor mounting device self-adaptive to complex drilling. The device comprises an upper-layer inner ring, an upper-layer outer ring, a vertical displacement seat, a lower-layer inner ring, a base, a supporting arm and the like, and a self-adaptive adjusting bolt structure is designed; during installation, the sensor goes deep into a drill hole through the driving rod, the supporting arms are expanded to be coupled with the hole wall through the spring and the propelling seat, when the sensor is rotated, the contact force between each supporting arm and the hole wall is automatically adjusted through the counter-acting force of the inclined threaded surface and the adjusting bolt, and it is ensured that the three supporting arms are evenly stressed and stably installed in the drill hole. The installation stability of the sensor in a complex drilling environment is improved, the reliability and stability of signal receiving are enhanced, and the sensor is suitable for the rockburst monitoring and early warning field of tunnel engineering and the like and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microseismic monitoring, and in particular to a recoverable sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of global infrastructure construction, tunnel projects are increasingly developing towards high altitudes and dangerous mountainous areas. This type of construction environment is complex and changeable, and various disasters are very likely to occur during the construction process. Among them, rock burst, as a dynamic disaster, poses a huge threat to the safety of life and property of the construction party due to its suddenness, randomness and high harm. Therefore, real-time monitoring and early warning of rock burst is particularly important.

[0003] Microseismic monitoring technology is recognized as one of the most effective methods to grasp the development of rock burst risks in real time due to its large monitoring range, ability to provide rich information, and ability to adapt well to harsh underground conditions. During the construction of deep rock tunnels, microseismic signals propagate in the rock mass in the form of elastic waves. In order to effectively collect these signals, sensors are generally installed in the upward borehole.

[0004] The sensor installation method in the prior art is usually achieved by rotating the sensor at the bottom of the borehole. When the sensor rotates and moves into the device, the ring on its upper part presses the installation device, so that the three support arms of the recyclable microseismic sensor installation device are extended. Through close contact with the borehole wall, the device can be stably fixed at the bottom of the borehole, thereby receiving the microseismic vibration signal. However, in actual applications, due to the extremely complex conditions inside the borehole, there are often phenomena such as skewed channels, accumulation of debris at the bottom, and irregular holes, which brings great challenges to the installation of sensors.

[0005] Specifically, if the hole is skewed, the sensor installation device may encounter uneven resistance during the advancement process, causing the device to fail to smoothly extend into the bottom of the hole or get stuck in the hole. The accumulation of debris at the bottom may prevent the sensor from making close contact with the bottom of the borehole, thereby affecting the quality of signal reception. In the case of special-shaped holes, the degree of contact between the three support arms and the borehole wall can vary greatly, and one of the support arms may even be suspended in the air. These problems will cause the sensor installation device to easily loosen or slide under disturbance during the construction of deep rock tunnels, and collisions may occur between mechanical parts or between parts and the borehole wall, which will seriously affect the reliability and stability of signal reception.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, some patents related to sensor installation and recovery devices have been disclosed. For example, CN208847843U discloses a microseismic sensor installation and recovery device, which realizes the installation and recovery of the sensor through structures such as a base, a push platform, and a support assembly; the support assembly includes a first support rod and a second support rod, which are fixed on the inner wall of the borehole through bending support; the degree of bending of the support assembly of the device is affected by the shape and size of the borehole, resulting in unstable fixing effect, and the structure of the device is relatively complex, and the installation and recovery process may be more cumbersome.

[0007] For another example, CN114415232B discloses a mounting device and method for a recoverable microseismic sensor, which mainly implements the fixation, protection and recovery of the microseismic sensor through a base and a recoverable structure; the shape of the base body matches the mounting hole, and the interior is a hollow structure; the recoverable structure is installed inside the base body and fixed by fasteners; although the invention realizes the recyclability of the microseismic sensor, it does not propose a specific adaptive solution for complex drilling environments, and the design of the base and the recoverable structure is not suitable for all types of drillings, especially when the drilling shape, size or material varies greatly.

[0008] For example, CN114594511B discloses a device and method for rapid installation and recovery of microseismic sensors in underground holes, which utilize electromagnetic force for installation and recovery, and contain quick-setting expansion materials for fixation; the device includes a microseismic sensor, a sensor wire cable, a mounting rod, a flange knob and other components, and is fixed by sucking an iron chassis with an electromagnet; the electromagnetic force fixing method of the invention is affected by the environment in the borehole, such as the presence of magnetic material interference that affects the fixing effect, and the use of quick-setting expansion materials is limited by the size and shape of the borehole, as well as the influence of the environment in the borehole (such as humidity and temperature).

[0009] In summary, the technical solutions disclosed in these patent documents still cannot effectively solve the problem of stable contact with the sensor in the case of skewed boreholes, accumulation of debris at the bottom, and irregular holes. Therefore, a new sensor mounting device and mounting method are urgently needed to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art and ensure that the sensor can work stably and reliably under various complex drilling conditions. Summary of the invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a recoverable sensor installation device and an installation method for adaptive complex boreholes, so as to solve the problem that microseismic sensors in the field of engineering geological microseismic monitoring technology are difficult to effectively fix, repair, protect and recycle. In particular, the installation devices in the prior art are often difficult to adapt to the complex and changeable drilling environment, resulting in poor coupling between the sensor and the surrounding rock, which affects the technical limitations and defects of the reception and collection of microseismic signals.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling, comprising: The upper structure comprises an upper inner ring and an upper outer ring, wherein the upper inner ring is displaced in a plane relative to the upper outer ring, and the upper inner ring is provided with a thread groove; The adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting bolt, a pushing seat and a spring, wherein the adjusting bolt is engaged with the thread groove of the upper inner ring through the pushing seat, and the spring is arranged at the rear end of the pushing seat to provide elastic restoring force; The support arm structure comprises a vertical displacement seat, a lower support arm and a coupling blade, wherein the vertical displacement seat is connected between the upper structure and the lower structure, the lower support arm is connected to the vertical displacement seat, and the coupling blade is arranged at the end of the lower support arm for coupling with the borehole wall; The lower structure includes a lower inner ring and a base. The lower inner ring performs a planar displacement relative to the base. The lower inner ring is connected to the vertical displacement seat through a slot to allow the vertical displacement seat to move up and down.

[0012] In a preferred solution, a limiting plate is provided on the upper outer ring to limit the displacement range of the upper inner ring.

[0013] In a preferred solution, an upper adjustment groove is provided on the upper outer ring, and the assembly of the propulsion seat and the spring is installed in a preset channel of the upper adjustment groove.

[0014] In a preferred solution, a lower adjustment groove is provided on the base, and the bottom of the lower inner ring is embedded in the lower adjustment groove and fixed by a fixing clamp ring to ensure that the lower inner ring can perform planar displacement relative to the base without separation.

[0015] In a preferred solution, a limit rod is provided on the upper portion of the adjusting bolt to limit the moving direction of the adjusting bolt.

[0016] In a preferred solution, the vertical displacement seat is moved up and down by engaging the slot with the lower inner ring, thereby controlling the expansion of the support arm so that the coupling blade is better coupled with the hole wall.

[0017] In a preferred solution, the support arm structure also includes an upper support arm, which is connected to the lower support arm to jointly form a support for the borehole wall.

[0018] The installation method of the recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling is the recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling as described in any one of the above, and the installation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the sensor device into the drill hole until it cannot go any deeper; Step 2: Press the sensor by the driving rod to move the vertical displacement seat downward, thereby compressing the support arm and expanding it toward the hole wall; Step 3: Rotate the sensor to drive the adjusting bolt to rotate and move downward through the inclined threaded surfaces of the upper inner ring and the lower inner ring, thereby squeezing the push seat to move outward; Step 4: Use the reaction force of the adjusting bolt to make the upper inner ring and the lower inner ring translate toward the side with the minimum contact degree in the upper outer ring and the base respectively until all the support arms are in close contact with the borehole wall.

[0019] In a preferred solution, the installation method further comprises ensuring, during the sensor rotation process, that the support arm with the smallest contact coupling degree obtains a larger extrusion contact force through the reaction force of the screw thread, so as to achieve uniform contact of all support arms.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the installation method also includes an adaptive adjustment mechanism, wherein the rotation of the adjusting bolt drives the propeller seat to move outward, and generates a reaction force through the inclined threaded surfaces of the upper inner ring and the lower inner ring, so that the upper inner ring and the lower inner ring respectively perform translational movement relative to the upper outer ring and the base until all support arms are in close contact with the borehole wall.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor is a microseismic sensor, an acoustic emission sensor, a displacement sensor, an electromagnetic radiation sensor, etc.

[0022] The adaptive complex drilling recyclable sensor installation device and installation method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention effectively solves the problem that microseismic sensors in the field of engineering geological microseismic monitoring technology are difficult to effectively fix, repair, protect and recycle. Traditional installation devices often have difficulty ensuring the stable installation of sensors in the face of complex and changeable drilling environments, thereby affecting the reception and collection of microseismic signals. The present invention overcomes the limitations and defects of the prior art through innovative design, so that the sensor can work stably even in complex drilling environments; 2. The present invention designs an adaptive adjustment bolt structure, which uses the reaction force of the screw thread to cleverly solve the problem of different contact degrees between the three support arms and the borehole wall. When the support arms are in uneven contact with the borehole wall, the adjustment bolt with the minimum contact coupling degree can obtain a larger extrusion contact force, thereby rotating and pushing the support arms to further contact the borehole wall until the contact force degrees of the three support arms are the same. This design ensures the stability and reliability of the sensor in a complex drilling environment; 3. The upper inner ring and the lower inner ring of the present invention can be displaced in a certain distance in the plane within the upper outer ring and the base, respectively. This design enables the device to flexibly adapt to the skewness and irregularity of the borehole, ensuring that the support arms can be evenly distributed and in close contact with the borehole wall. This feature greatly enhances the applicability of the device under complex geological conditions; 4. The support arm of the present invention can expand or contract as needed through the elastic force of the spring and the up and down movement of the vertical displacement seat, so as to better couple with the borehole wall. This design not only improves the installation efficiency of the sensor, but also enhances its fit with the borehole wall, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of signal reception; 5. In view of the phenomena of skewed hole, accumulation of debris at the bottom and special-shaped holes, the existing sensor installation device is very easy to loosen and slide, which affects the reliability and stability of signal reception. The present invention effectively solves these problems through the comprehensive application of adaptive adjustment bolt structure and plane displacement design. Even in complex and changeable drilling environments, the present invention can ensure the stable installation of sensors and stable signal reception, providing strong technical support for engineering geological microseismic monitoring; 6. The installation device of the present invention is not only applicable to microseismic sensors, but can also be extended to a wider range of sensor drilling installation and recovery technologies such as acoustic emission sensors, displacement sensors and electromagnetic radiation sensors; 7. In high-risk environments such as deep rock tunnel construction, the application of the technical solution of the present invention improves the monitoring and early warning capabilities of dynamic disasters such as rock bursts, thereby protecting the lives and property of the construction party; 8. The present invention successfully solves the key problems existing in the field of engineering geological microseismic monitoring technology through innovative design and technical means, improves the installation efficiency of microseismic sensors and the accuracy and stability of signal reception, provides a strong guarantee for construction safety under complex geological conditions such as tunnel engineering, and has significant innovation and practicality in the installation of sensors that are adaptive to complex drilling environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 An exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support arm of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adjusting bolt of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial schematic diagram of the upper outer ring of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower inner ring slot of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the base of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper support arm structure of the sensor installation device of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the assembly of the lower support arm structure of the sensor installation device of the present invention; In the figure: upper inner ring 1, upper outer ring 2, vertical displacement seat 3, lower inner ring 4, base 5, propulsion seat 6, spring 7, upper support arm 8, coupling blade 9, lower support arm 10, adjusting bolt 11, limit plate 201, upper adjustment groove 202, limit rod 203, clamping groove 401, lower adjustment groove 501, fixing clamping ring 502. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1 like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling includes: The upper structure comprises an upper inner ring 1 and an upper outer ring 2, wherein the upper inner ring 1 is displaced in a plane relative to the upper outer ring 2, and the upper inner ring 1 is provided with a thread groove; The adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting bolt 11, a pushing seat 6 and a spring 7. The adjusting bolt 11 is engaged with the thread groove of the upper inner ring 1 through the pushing seat 6. The spring 7 is arranged at the rear end of the pushing seat 6 to provide elastic restoring force. The support arm structure comprises a vertical displacement seat 3, a lower support arm 10 and a coupling blade 9, wherein the vertical displacement seat 3 is connected between the upper structure and the lower structure, the lower support arm 10 is connected to the vertical displacement seat 3, and the coupling blade 9 is arranged at the end of the lower support arm 10 for coupling with the borehole wall; The lower structure includes a lower inner ring 4 and a base 5. The lower inner ring 4 performs planar displacement relative to the base 5. The lower inner ring 4 is connected to the vertical displacement seat 3 through a slot 401 to allow the vertical displacement seat 3 to move up and down.

[0025] In this embodiment, a limiting plate 201 is provided on the upper outer ring 2 to limit the displacement range of the upper inner ring 1 .

[0026] Furthermore, an upper adjustment groove 202 is provided on the upper outer ring 2 , and the assembly of the propulsion seat 6 and the spring 7 is installed in a preset channel of the upper adjustment groove 202 .

[0027] Furthermore, a lower adjustment groove 501 is provided on the base 5, and the bottom of the lower inner ring 4 is embedded in the lower adjustment groove 501 and fixed by a fixing clamp 502 to ensure that the lower inner ring 4 can be displaced in a plane relative to the base 5 without separation.

[0028] Furthermore, a limit rod 203 is provided on the upper portion of the adjusting bolt 11 to limit the moving direction of the adjusting bolt 11 .

[0029] Furthermore, the vertical displacement seat 3 is moved up and down by engaging with the lower inner ring 4 through the slot 401, thereby controlling the expansion of the support arm so that the coupling blade 9 is better coupled with the hole wall.

[0030] Furthermore, the support arm structure also includes an upper support arm 8, which is connected to a lower support arm 10 to jointly support the borehole wall.

[0031] Example 2 In another preferred embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, the installation method of the recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling is the recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling described in any one of the above, and the installation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the sensor device into the drill hole until it cannot go any deeper; Step 2: Press the sensor by the driving rod to move the vertical displacement seat 3 downward, thereby compressing the support arm and expanding it toward the hole wall; Step 3: Rotate the sensor to drive the adjusting bolt 11 to rotate and move downward through the inclined threaded surfaces of the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4, thereby squeezing and pushing the seat 6 to move outward; Step 4: Using the reaction force of the adjusting bolt 11, the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4 are respectively translated inside the upper outer ring 2 and the base 5 toward the side with the minimum contact degree until all the support arms are in close contact with the borehole wall.

[0032] In this embodiment, the installation method further includes ensuring that the support arm with the smallest contact coupling degree obtains a larger extrusion contact force through the reaction force of the screw thread during the sensor rotation process, so as to achieve uniform contact of all support arms.

[0033] Furthermore, the installation method also includes an adaptive adjustment mechanism, wherein the rotation of the adjusting bolt 11 drives the propulsion seat 6 to move outward, and generates a reaction force through the inclined threaded surfaces of the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4, so that the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4 respectively perform translational motion relative to the upper outer ring 2 and the base 5 until all the support arms are in close contact with the borehole wall.

[0034] Furthermore, the sensor is a microseismic sensor, an acoustic emission sensor, a displacement sensor, an electromagnetic radiation sensor, etc.

[0035] Example 3 In another preferred embodiment, based on embodiments 1 and 2, this embodiment describes the detailed specific implementation methods of the recoverable microseismic sensor installation device and method for adaptive complex drilling of the present invention. The present invention aims to solve the problems of loosening, sliding, and signal reception reliability and stability being affected in the microseismic sensor installation device in a complex drilling environment.

[0036] A recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling, the structure of which is as follows Figures 1 to 9 As shown: the device mainly includes an upper inner ring 1, an upper outer ring 2, a vertical displacement seat 3, a lower inner ring 4, a base 5, a propulsion seat 6, a spring 7, an upper support arm 8, a coupling blade 9, a lower support arm 10 and an adjusting bolt 11 and other components.

[0037] 1. Device structure Upper inner ring 1: embedded in the middle of the upper outer ring 2, and can perform a certain distance of plane displacement in the upper outer ring 2.

[0038] The upper outer ring 2 is provided with a limiting piece 201 , an upper adjusting groove 202 and a limiting rod 203 . The limiting rod 203 is used to limit the moving direction of the adjusting bolt 11 .

[0039] Vertical displacement seat 3: installed inside the lower inner ring 4, and moves up and down by engaging with the slot 401.

[0040] Lower inner ring 4: The bottom is embedded in the lower adjustment groove 502 of the base 5, and can perform a certain distance of plane displacement in the base 5 without separation.

[0041] Base 5: is provided with a lower adjustment groove 502 and a fixing clamp ring 502, which is used to fix and support the entire device.

[0042] The push seat 6 is engaged with the thread groove of the adjusting bolt 11 and assembled with the spring 7 and installed in the preset channel of the upper adjusting groove 202 .

[0043] Spring 7: provides the restoring force for the propulsion seat 6.

[0044] The upper support arm 8 and the lower support arm 10 are connected by hinged connection to form a retractable support structure.

[0045] Coupling blade 9: installed at the end of the support arm, used for close contact with the wall of the drilled hole.

[0046] Adjusting bolt 11: by rotating, driving propulsion seat 6 to move outward, thereby adjusting the extension degree of the support arm.

[0047] 2. Installation method Insert the hexagonal nut on the upper part of the sensor into the nut hole on the lower part of the drive rod, and then put it into the drilled hole together.

[0048] When the sensor penetrates into the hole and cannot go any deeper, the sensor is pressed by extending the driving rod. At this time, the inner ring of the upper inner ring 1 transmits the force to the inner ring of the upper outer ring 2, and the bottom of the sensor drives the vertical displacement seat 3 to move downward, so that the support arm is compressed and expanded toward the hole wall.

[0049] When the sensor cannot be pressed any further, the sensor is rotated to drive the sensor to rotate, thereby driving the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4 to rotate, and the adjusting bolt 11 is driven to rotate and move downward through the inclined threaded surfaces of the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4, thereby squeezing the push seat 6 to move outward.

[0050] Since the contact forces between the three support arms and the hole wall are different, the forces required for the three adjusting bolts 11 to rotate are also different. At this time, the reaction force of the adjusting bolts 11 causes the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4 to translate toward the side with the minimum contact degree in the upper outer ring 2 and the base 5 respectively.

[0051] If one or both of the support arms are in close contact with the hole wall and the other has a lower contact coupling degree, when the sensor is driven to rotate, the reaction force of the screw thread will cause the upper outer ring 2 and the lower inner ring 4 to translate toward the side of the support arm with the smallest contact coupling degree.

[0052] Due to the movement of the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4, the adjusting bolt with the minimum contact coupling degree obtains an extrusion contact force much greater than the other two, thereby providing sufficient contact force to enable it to rotate, while the other two will be in a semi-slipped or slipped state and cannot continue to move downward. In this way, the contact force levels of the three support arms are ensured to be the same.

[0053] In a complex drilling environment, due to the skewness of the hole, accumulation of debris at the bottom and special-shaped holes, the sensor installation device is prone to the problem of different degrees of contact tightness between each contact point and the drilled hole. The present invention adjusts the reaction force of the bolt so that the adjustment bolt with the minimum contact coupling degree can obtain sufficient extrusion contact force, and then rotates and expands the support arm to ensure that the contact force degrees of the three support arms are the same. In this way, the problem of different degrees of contact between the three support arms and the drilled hole is solved, and the stability of the sensor installation and the reliability of signal reception are improved.

[0054] In the preferred scheme, a limiting plate 201 is provided on the upper outer ring 2 to limit the displacement range of the upper inner ring 1; the above setting ensures that the upper inner ring 1 will not exceed the predetermined range when rotating or moving, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire structure; at the same time, the limiting plate 201 is made of wear-resistant material to extend the service life.

[0055] In the preferred solution, an upper adjustment groove 202 is provided on the upper outer ring 2, and the assembly of the propulsion seat 6 and the spring 7 is installed in the preset channel of the upper adjustment groove 202; the above arrangement enables the propulsion seat 6 to move flexibly in the upper adjustment groove 202, and the spring 7 provides the necessary reset force to ensure that the propulsion seat 6 can stay stably in the desired position after adjustment, thereby enhancing the flexibility and stability of the entire structure.

[0056] In the preferred solution, a lower adjustment groove 501 is provided on the base 5, and the bottom of the lower inner ring 4 is embedded in the lower adjustment groove 501 and fixed by a fixing clamp 502 to ensure that the lower inner ring 4 can be displaced in a plane relative to the base 5 without separation; the above arrangement realizes the flexible adjustment and stable connection of the lower inner ring 4 on the base 5, thereby enhancing the adaptability and stability of the equipment; at the same time, the design of the lower adjustment groove 501 facilitates quick installation and disassembly, thereby improving maintenance efficiency.

[0057] In the preferred solution, a limit rod 203 is provided on the upper part of the adjusting bolt 11 to limit the moving direction of the adjusting bolt 11; the above setting not only ensures the stability of the adjusting bolt 11 during the adjustment process, but also avoids equipment damage caused by excessive rotation, improves the safety and service life of the overall structure, and simplifies the installation and maintenance process.

[0058] In the preferred solution, the vertical displacement seat 3 moves up and down by engaging with the lower inner ring 4 through the slot 401, thereby controlling the expansion of the support arm so that the coupling blade 9 is better coupled with the hole wall; the above arrangement not only improves the stability of the device during use, but also ensures the close fit between the coupling blade 9 and the hole wall by precisely controlling the expansion degree of the support arm, thereby optimizing the performance of the overall structure and improving work efficiency.

[0059] In the preferred solution, the support arm structure also includes an upper support arm 8, which is connected to the lower support arm 10 to jointly form a support for the borehole wall; the above arrangement can significantly improve the stability and bearing capacity of the support arm structure, effectively resist the lateral pressure during the drilling process, and ensure the safety of the drilling operation. At the same time, the design of the upper support arm 8 is easy to adjust to meet the drilling requirements of different diameters.

[0060] In the preferred scheme, the installation method also includes ensuring that, during the rotation of the sensor, the support arm with the smallest contact coupling degree obtains a greater extrusion contact force through the reaction force of the screw thread, so as to achieve uniform contact of all support arms; the above setting can effectively avoid the problem of uneven force on the support arms caused by installation errors, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the entire system; at the same time, this method simplifies the installation process, reduces debugging time, and improves work efficiency.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the installation method also includes an adaptive adjustment mechanism, wherein the rotation of the adjusting bolt 11 drives the propulsion seat 6 to move outward, and generates a reaction force through the inclined threaded surfaces of the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4, so that the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4 respectively perform translational motion relative to the upper outer ring 2 and the base 5 until all support arms are in close contact with the borehole wall; the above arrangement effectively ensures the stability and uniform force of the installation structure, and can achieve precise positioning and fixation even under complex geological conditions; in addition, the adaptive adjustment mechanism also improves the installation efficiency, reduces the need for manual adjustment, and makes the entire installation process more efficient and reliable.

[0062] In the preferred scheme, the sensors are microseismic sensors, acoustic emission sensors, displacement sensors, electromagnetic radiation sensors, etc.; the above settings can comprehensively monitor key parameters such as microseismic activities, sound signals, displacement changes and electromagnetic radiation during mining, and provide accurate and real-time data support for mine safety warning and disaster prevention and control.

[0063] In summary, the present invention proposes a recoverable sensor installation device and an installation method for adaptive complex drilling holes. This solution effectively solves the problem that microseismic sensors in the field of engineering geological microseismic monitoring technology are difficult to effectively fix, repair, protect and recover. Through a unique adjusting bolt structure, combined with the inclined threaded surface design of the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4, the present invention realizes adaptive adjustment of the device in a complex drilling environment, and can automatically adjust the extension degree of the support arm according to the actual shape and conditions of the borehole, ensuring close contact between the sensor and the borehole wall.

[0064] In addition, the device not only has the ability of vertical displacement, but also realizes plane displacement through ingenious design. This multi-dimensional displacement capability significantly improves the adaptability of the device to complex drilling environments and enhances the flexibility and stability of installation. The entire device adopts an integrated structural design, and the various components are closely matched, which not only improves the strength and stability of the device, but also simplifies the installation process and reduces the difficulty of operation. The automatic adjustment mechanism of the present invention solves the problems of loosening and sliding that are prone to occur in traditional installation devices in complex drilling environments, and improves the stability of sensor installation and the reliability of signal reception. At the same time, by arranging adjustment grooves on the upper outer ring 2 and the base 5, the upper inner ring 1 and the lower inner ring 4 are allowed to perform plane displacement within a certain range, further enhancing the device's adaptability to drilling inclinations and irregular shapes.

[0065] This solution demonstrates significant technical advantages in adaptive adjustment mechanism, multi-dimensional displacement capability and integrated structural design. It not only improves the stability of sensor installation and the reliability of signal reception, but also enhances the practicality and application value of the device through the improvement of overall performance. It provides an effective solution to sensor installation problems in complex drilling environments, and has the characteristics of simple structure, easy operation, strong adaptability, high practical value and broad promotion prospects.

Claims

1. A recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling, characterized in that: include: The upper structure comprises an upper inner ring (1) and an upper outer ring (2), wherein the upper inner ring (1) is displaced in a plane relative to the upper outer ring (2), and the upper inner ring (1) is provided with a thread groove; The adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting bolt (11), a propulsion seat (6) and a spring (7), wherein the adjusting bolt (11) is engaged with the thread groove of the upper inner ring (1) through the propulsion seat (6), and the spring (7) is arranged at the rear end of the propulsion seat (6) to provide elastic restoring force; The support arm structure comprises a vertical displacement seat (3), a lower support arm (10) and a coupling blade (9), wherein the vertical displacement seat (3) is connected between the upper structure and the lower structure, the lower support arm (10) is connected to the vertical displacement seat (3), and the coupling blade (9) is arranged at the end of the lower support arm (10) for coupling with the borehole wall; The lower structure comprises a lower inner ring (4) and a base (5); the lower inner ring (4) performs planar displacement relative to the base (5); the lower inner ring (4) is connected to the vertical displacement seat (3) via a slot (401) to allow the vertical displacement seat (3) to move up and down.

2. The recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: A limiting plate (201) is provided on the upper outer ring (2) for limiting the displacement range of the upper inner ring (1).

3. The recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: An upper adjustment groove (202) is provided on the upper outer ring (2), and an assembly of the propulsion seat (6) and the spring (7) is installed in a preset channel of the upper adjustment groove (202).

4. The recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The base (5) is provided with a lower adjustment groove (501), and the bottom of the lower inner ring (4) is embedded in the lower adjustment groove (501) and fixed by a fixing clamp (502), thereby ensuring that the lower inner ring (4) can be displaced in a plane relative to the base (5) without separation.

5. The recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: A limiting rod (203) is provided on the upper portion of the adjusting bolt (11) to limit the moving direction of the adjusting bolt (11).

6. The recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vertical displacement seat (3) is moved up and down by engaging the slot (401) with the lower inner ring (4), thereby controlling the expansion of the support arm, so that the coupling blade (9) is better coupled with the hole wall.

7. The recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The support arm structure further comprises an upper support arm (8), which is connected to a lower support arm (10) to jointly form support for the borehole wall.

8. A method for installing a recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling, characterized in that: The invention is a recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the installation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the sensor device into the drill hole until it cannot go any deeper; Step 2: Press the sensor by driving the rod to move the vertical displacement seat (3) downward, thereby compressing the support arm and expanding it toward the hole wall; Step 3: Rotate the sensor to drive the adjusting bolt (11) to rotate and move downward through the inclined threaded surfaces of the upper inner ring (1) and the lower inner ring (4), thereby squeezing the push seat (6) to move outward; Step 4: Using the reaction force of the adjusting bolt (11), the upper inner ring (1) and the lower inner ring (4) are respectively moved in a translational manner within the upper outer ring (2) and the base (5) toward the side with the minimum contact degree until all the support arms are in close contact with the borehole wall.

9. The method for installing the recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to claim 6 is characterized by: The invention also includes ensuring that, during the process of rotating the sensor, the support arm with the smallest contact coupling degree obtains a larger extrusion contact force through the reaction force of the screw thread, so as to achieve uniform contact of all the support arms.

10. The method for installing the recoverable microseismic sensor installation device for adaptive complex drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an adaptive adjustment mechanism, wherein the rotation of the adjustment bolt (11) drives the propulsion seat (6) to move outward, and generates a reaction force through the inclined threaded surfaces of the upper inner ring (1) and the lower inner ring (4), so that the upper inner ring (1) and the lower inner ring (4) respectively perform translational movement relative to the upper outer ring (2) and the base (5) until all the support arms are in close contact with the borehole wall.

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