ABS composition, ABS composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of high polymer materials, and discloses an ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) composition, an ABS composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 to 30 parts of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) powder, 60 to 80 parts of SAN (Styrene Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) resin, 5 to 11 parts of ionic liquid and 0.1 to 0.5 part of antioxidant. According to the invention, the ionic liquid is used as the antistatic agent and the flexibilizer, so that the obtained ABS composite material has good antistatic property and high impact resistance, and is low in production cost, high in production benefit and suitable for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of polymer materials, and in particular to an ABS composition, an ABS composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] ABS resin is an engineering plastic with good high rigidity, impact resistance, corrosion resistance and high fluidity. It is easy to process and is widely used in various fields such as household appliances, transportation, electrical and electronic engineering. However, ABS resin is a typical insulating material with high insulation performance (surface resistivity is 4×10 15 Ω) and low oxygen index (20%) make it easy to accumulate static electricity. The charge can be easily released instantly during the use of the material, generating instantaneous current and even electric sparks, which greatly limits the application of ABS resin in the fields of military industry and electronic components. In order to increase the antistatic property of ABS resin, the prior art usually modifies ABS resin by adding antistatic agents, but the addition of antistatic agents will lead to a decrease in mechanical properties such as impact strength of the composite material.

[0003] CN111205587A discloses an antistatic high-strength ABS, and the prepared ABS resin has good antistatic ability and high strength. However, the antistatic agent used is carbon nanotubes and carbon black, which have a great influence on the impact performance. In order to make the carbon nanoparticles evenly dispersed, a dispersant is introduced, which increases the preparation cost of the ABS composite material.

[0004] CN110564103A discloses an antistatic ABS composite material and its preparation method. The prepared ABS composite material has good antistatic properties. However, it is necessary to add a plasticizer in addition to the antistatic agent to maintain the mechanical properties of the material, which increases the preparation cost of the material, and the surface resistivity is relatively high (>10 11 Ω).

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an antistatic and high-impact ABS composite material that has good antistatic and impact resistance, simple preparation process and low cost. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of poor antistatic performance and toughness of ABS resin in the prior art, and to provide an ABS composition, an ABS composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The ABS composite material prepared from the ABS composition provided by the present invention has good antistatic and impact resistance at the same time, and has low production cost.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides an ABS composition, wherein the composition comprises the following components: 15-30 parts by weight of ABS powder, 60-80 parts by weight of SAN resin, 5-11 parts by weight of ionic liquid and 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant.

[0008] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an ABS composite material, wherein the method comprises:

[0009] ABS powder, SAN resin, ionic liquid and antioxidant are blended, and the obtained premix is ​​melted, extruded and pelletized to obtain the ABS composite material; wherein the ABS powder is 15-30 parts by weight, the SAN resin is 60-80 parts by weight, the ionic liquid is 5-11 parts by weight and the antioxidant is 0.1-0.5 parts by weight.

[0010] The third aspect of the present invention provides an ABS composite material prepared by the method described in the second aspect.

[0011] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides an application of the composition described in the first aspect or the ABS composite material described in the third aspect in household appliances, vehicles and electrical and electronic equipment.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The ABS composition provided by the present invention uses ionic liquid as an antistatic agent and a toughening agent for the first time, and the obtained composite material has excellent antistatic and impact properties, and its surface resistivity is less than 10 10 Ω, impact strength greater than 26.5kJ / m 2 , so that the composite material has these two gain effects at the same time. Compared with other composite materials with additives such as plasticizers, compatibilizers, dispersants, etc., the composite material of the present invention has lower production costs and higher performance indicators.

[0014] (2) The ABS composite material provided by the present invention introduces ionic liquid into the ABS composite material. Since the ionic liquid itself is composed of cations, free-moving charged particles are distributed in the ABS matrix resin, and the electrons can derive static charges through directional movement, so that the ABS composite material has certain antistatic properties. The addition of the ionic liquid allows more particles to be distributed inside the composite material. When the composite material is impacted, the external force required for the particles to be pulled out of the holes is increased. The obtained ABS composite material has greatly improved antistatic and impact resistance compared with traditional ABS resins. The preparation method is simple, the production efficiency is high, and it is suitable for industrial production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0016] The first aspect of the present invention provides an ABS composition, wherein the composition comprises the following components: 15-30 parts by weight of ABS powder, 60-80 parts by weight of SAN resin, 5-11 parts by weight of ionic liquid and 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant.

[0017] In the present invention, preferably, the ABS composition comprises the following components: 20-25 parts by weight of ABS powder, 68-70 parts by weight of SAN resin, 6-10 parts by weight of ionic liquid and 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant. In the present invention, the weight of each component in the ABS composition is within the above preferred range, which is conducive to making the ABS composite material have higher antistatic performance and impact resistance.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the ionic liquid is selected from quaternary ammonium ionic liquids, preferably at least one selected from tributyl methyl ammonium chloride, tetraethyl ammonium and alkyl triethyl ammonium. In the present invention, the ionic liquid is introduced into the composite material, so that more particles from cations are distributed inside the composite material, which can not only improve the impact resistance of the composite material, but also the cations that can be directed and moved in the ionic liquid are conducive to strengthening the current conductivity of the composite material and improving the antistatic performance of the composite material.

[0019] In the present invention, the content of the ionic liquid in the ABS composite material (calculated as cations) can be determined by elemental analysis or thermogravimetric method.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in the ABS powder, the content of the butadiene structural unit is 50-70wt%, and the content of the styrene structural unit is 30-50wt%. In the present invention, the ABS powder has good toughening ability and effectively improves the impact strength of the ABS composite material. If the content of the butadiene structural unit of the ABS powder is too low, the impact strength of the composite material will be reduced, affecting the mechanical properties of the composite material. If the content of the styrene structural unit of the ABS powder is too low, the flowability of the composite material will be reduced, affecting the processing performance of the material.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the particle size of the ABS powder latex is 250-350nm. In the present invention, if the particle size of the ABS powder latex is too high, the impact performance of the ABS composite material will be reduced; if the particle size of the ABS powder latex is too low, it will not have a toughening effect, and the impact performance of the ABS composite material will deteriorate.

[0022] The source of the ABS powder of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be purchased from a commercial source or prepared by an existing method. For example, the ABS powder can be purchased from Jilin Petrochemical Company with a brand number of 0215A.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in the SAN resin, the content of styrene structural units is 60-70wt%, and the content of acrylonitrile structural units is 30-40wt%. In the present invention, the styrene in the SAN resin is the same as the styrene raw material in the ABS powder, and the two have good compatibility, thereby improving the performance of the ABS composite material.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the SAN resin is 25000-30000 g / mol.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the SAN resin has a melt index of 20-40 g / 10 min at 220° C. and a load of 10 kg.

[0026] In the present invention, the SAN resin is a continuous phase and is the matrix resin of the ABS composite material. Controlling the acrylic structural unit content, weight average molecular weight and melt index of the SAN resin within the above range is beneficial to improving the mechanical properties of the ABS composite material. The source of the SAN resin described in the present invention is not particularly limited and can be purchased commercially or prepared by existing methods. For example, the SAN resin can be purchased from Jilin Petrochemical Company with a brand name of SAN-2437.

[0027] In the present invention, the antioxidant has a wide selection range and can be any existing antioxidant suitable for improving the antioxidant performance of ABS resin. Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from hindered phenol antioxidants and / or phosphite antioxidants, and preferably selected from at least one of antioxidant 1076, antioxidant 168 and antioxidant 1010. In the present invention, the antioxidant is beneficial to delaying the aging of ABS composite materials, ensuring the color and performance stability during the processing stage, and providing long-term use guarantee.

[0028] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an ABS composite material, wherein the method comprises:

[0029] ABS powder, SAN resin, ionic liquid and antioxidant are blended, and the obtained premix is ​​melted, extruded and granulated to obtain the ABS composite material; wherein the ABS powder is 15-30 parts by weight, the SAN resin is 60-80 parts by weight, the ionic liquid is 5-11 parts by weight and the antioxidant is 0.1-0.5 parts by weight.

[0030] In the present invention, preferably, the ABS composition comprises the following components: 20-25 parts by weight of ABS powder, 68-70 parts by weight of SAN resin, 6-10 parts by weight of ionic liquid and 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant.

[0031] In the present invention, the method for preparing the ABS composite material specifically comprises: dehumidifying and drying ABS powder and SAN resin, adding the treated ABS powder and SAN resin, ionic liquid and antioxidant into a high-speed mixer and mixing for 2-5 minutes to obtain a premix; adding the premix into a twin-screw extruder, melting and extruding, cooling and hardening, and then cutting and granulating to obtain the ABS composite material.

[0032] In the present invention, the method and conditions of the dehumidification and drying treatment can adopt methods and conditions known in the art. Preferably, the dehumidification and drying temperature is 60-80°C, and the dehumidification and drying time is 4-12 hours. There is no specific limitation on the equipment for drying and cooling and hardening. For example, drying can be carried out in an oven; cooling and hardening can be carried out in a circulating water tank.

[0033] In the present invention, preferably, the prepared ABS composite material particles are dried, and then the dried particles are placed in an injection molding machine for injection molding, and the performance of the injection-molded ABS composite material strips is tested. In the present invention, the drying conditions are not specifically limited, and it is preferably carried out in a constant temperature and humidity drying oven, the drying temperature is 50-60°C, and the time is 4-6h.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the extrusion is carried out in a twin-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of each temperature zone of the twin-screw extruder is 200-220°C, and the screw speed is 200-400r / min. In the present invention, the granulation is carried out in a pelletizer, wherein the pelletizer speed is 200-350r / min. The twin-screw extruder of the present invention can be a TEM48 twin-screw extruder purchased from Toshiba Corporation of Japan. Controlling the temperature and screw speed of each screw within the range defined by the present invention is more conducive to extrusion into strips; the pelletizer can be a LQ500 pelletizer purchased from Kefei Rubber and Plastic Company. Controlling the speed of the pelletizer within the above range is conducive to making the pelletizing more stable.

[0035] The third aspect of the present invention provides an ABS composite material prepared by the method described in the second aspect.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the surface resistivity of the composite material is less than 10 10 Ω, preferably 4.5×10 8 -3.15×10 9 Ω; the impact strength of the composite material is > 26kJ / m 2 , preferably 26.5-33.2 kJ / m 2 .

[0037] In the present invention, the ionic liquid is used as an antistatic agent and a toughening agent, and the obtained ABS composite material has excellent antistatic and impact properties. Compared with other composite materials with additives such as plasticizers, compatibilizers, and dispersants added, the present invention has better antistatic and impact resistance, and the production cost of the composite material is lower.

[0038] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides an application of the composition described in the first aspect or the ABS composite material described in the third aspect in household appliances, vehicles and electrical and electronic equipment.

[0039] The present invention will be described in detail below through examples.

[0040] It shows that the resistivity is tested according to GB / T1410-2006 standard;

[0041] The impact strength is tested according to GB / T1843-2008 standard;

[0042] ABS powder was purchased from Jilin Petrochemical Company, with a brand number of 0215A and a latex particle size of 250-350nm;

[0043] SAN resin was purchased from Jilin Petrochemical Company with a grade of SAN2437, a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 g / mol, and a melt index of 30 g / 10 min at 220 °C and a load of 10 kg;

[0044] Ionic liquids were purchased from Shanghai Chengjie Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0045] Antioxidants were purchased from Jilin Petrochemical Company.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] 20 parts by weight of ABS powder and 70 parts by weight of SAN resin were weighed and put into an oven, and dehumidified and dried at 80° C. for 12 hours. The treated ABS resin and SAN resin, 10 parts by weight of ionic liquid (tributylmethylammonium chloride) and 0.1 parts by weight of antioxidant 1076 were added to a high-speed mixer and stirred for 2 minutes to obtain a premix. The premix was added to a twin-screw extruder, and after melting and extrusion, it was cooled and hardened, and then cut and granulated by a pelletizer to obtain the ABS composite material, wherein the temperatures of the twin-screw extruder in each temperature zone are 200° C., 220° C., 220° C. and 220° C., respectively, the screw speed is 300 r / min, and the pelletizer speed is 200 r / min.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] 25 parts by weight of ABS powder and 68 parts by weight of SAN resin were weighed and put into an oven, and dehumidified and dried at 80°C for 12 hours. The treated ABS resin and SAN resin, 7 parts by weight of ionic liquid (tetraethylammonium) and 0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant 1010 were added to a high-speed mixer and stirred for 2 minutes to obtain a premix; the premix was added to a twin-screw extruder, and after melting and extrusion, it was cooled and hardened, and then cut and granulated by a pelletizer to obtain the ABS composite material, wherein the temperatures of the twin-screw extruder in each temperature zone are 200°C, 220°C, 220°C and 220°C, respectively, the screw speed is 300r / min, and the pelletizer speed is 200r / min.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] 22 parts by weight of ABS powder and 70 parts by weight of SAN resin were weighed and put into an oven for dehumidification and drying treatment. The oven temperature was 80°C and the dehumidification and drying time was 12 hours. The treated raw materials were mixed with 8 parts by weight of ionic liquid (alkyl triethylammonium) and 0.2 parts by weight of antioxidant 168, and added to a stirrer for stirring for 2 minutes. The mixed raw materials were added to a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, cooled through a water tank, and finally cut and granulated by a pelletizer to obtain the ABS composite material, wherein the temperatures in each temperature zone of the twin-screw extruder were 200°C, 220°C, 220°C and 220°C, respectively, the screw speed was 300r / min, and the pelletizer speed was 200r / min.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] Weigh 25 parts by weight of ABS powder and 75 parts by weight of SAN resin and put them into an oven for dehumidification and drying. The oven temperature is 80°C and the dehumidification and drying time is 12 hours. Add the treated raw materials and 0.3 parts by weight of antioxidant 1076 into a mixer and stir for 2 minutes. Add the mixed raw materials into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, cool them through a water tank, and finally cut and granulate them through a pelletizer to obtain the ABS composite material, wherein the temperatures in each temperature zone of the twin-screw extruder are 200°C, 220°C, 220°C and 220°C, respectively, the screw speed is 300r / min, and the pelletizer speed is 200r / min.

[0054] The ABS composite material particles described in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were dried, and the dried particles were placed in an injection molding machine for injection molding. The performance of the injection-molded ABS composite material specimens was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Table 1 Test results

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] It can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Table 1 that the ionic liquid provided by the present invention can make the ABS composite material have good antistatic performance and impact resistance. In Comparative Example 1, since the ionic liquid provided by the present invention is not added, the antistatic and impact resistance of the composite material obtained are poor. The surface resistivity of the ABS composite material provided by the present invention can reach 4.5×10 8 Ω, and the impact strength can be increased to 33.2kJ / m 2 , which improves the antistatic and impact resistance of the composite material, enhances the application value of the material, has low cost, simple preparation method, high production efficiency, and is suitable for industrial production.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ABS composition, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components: 15-30 parts by weight of ABS powder, 60-80 parts by weight of SAN resin, 5-11 parts by weight of ionic liquid and 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The ionic liquid is selected from quaternary ammonium ionic liquids, preferably at least one selected from tributylmethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium and alkyltriethylammonium.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein In the ABS powder, the content of butadiene structural units is 50-70wt%, and the content of styrene structural units is 30-50wt%; Preferably, the latex particle size of the ABS powder is 250-350 nm.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein In the SAN resin, the content of styrene structural units is 60-70wt%, and the content of acrylonitrile structural units is 30-40wt%; Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the SAN resin is 25000-30000 g / mol; Preferably, the SAN resin has a melt index of 20-40 g / 10 min at 220° C. and a load of 10 kg.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The antioxidant is selected from hindered phenol antioxidants and / or phosphite antioxidants, and is preferably selected from at least one of antioxidant 1076, antioxidant 168 and antioxidant 1010.

6. A method for preparing an ABS composite material, characterized in that: The method includes: ABS powder, SAN resin, ionic liquid and antioxidant are blended, and the obtained premix is ​​melted, extruded and granulated to obtain the ABS composite material; wherein the ABS powder is 15-30 parts by weight, the SAN resin is 60-80 parts by weight, the ionic liquid is 5-11 parts by weight and the antioxidant is 0.1-0.5 parts by weight.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The extrusion is carried out in a twin-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of each temperature zone of the twin-screw extruder is 200-220° C. and the screw speed is 200-400 r / min.

8. An ABS composite material prepared by the method according to claim 6 or 7.

9. The ABS composite material according to claim 8, wherein: The surface resistivity of the composite material is less than 10 10 Ω, preferably 4.5×10 8 -3.15×10 9 Ω; the impact strength of the composite material is > 26kJ / m 2 , preferably 26.5-33.2 kJ / m 2 .

10. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the ABS composite material according to claim 8 or 9 in household appliances, transportation vehicles and electrical and electronic equipment.

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