A high-speed magnetic levitation track with up-and-down layered turnouts and platforms

Abstract

The application provides a high-speed maglev track switch and platform, and relates to the technical field of maglev track, which comprises a main line guide rail, a track switch base, a straight strand guide rail, a side strand guide rail and a switch machine. The main line guide rail comprises a main line coil and a main line running rail. The track switch base comprises a top plate and a plurality of columns arranged below the top plate. The straight strand guide rail comprises a straight strand coil and a straight strand running rail. The straight strand running rail is arranged above the top plate in a sliding manner between a use state and an avoidance state. The side strand guide rail is arranged below the top plate and comprises a side strand coil and a side strand running rail. The side strand running rail is a smooth arc-shaped track with one end communicated with the main line running rail. The switch machine is arranged on the top plate and used for driving the straight strand running rail to slide. An avoidance gap is formed in the top plate for the train to run from the main line running rail to the side strand running rail. The application has the effects of 600km / h speed passing capacity of the straight strand of the track switch, reduced cost of the high-speed maglev station, reduced land occupation area and improved popularization possibility of the maglev station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of magnetic levitation track technology, and in particular to a high-speed magnetic levitation turnout and platform with upper and lower layers. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed maglev turnouts are a crucial road structure for track switching in maglev trains, and their structure and condition directly impact the safety, smoothness, and passenger comfort of train operation. As a key technology in superconducting electric high-speed maglev transportation, the independent innovation research of high-speed maglev turnout technology can provide important reference for the construction of high-speed maglev lines in my country. High-speed turnouts have complex structures, involving multiple disciplines such as mechanics, electrical systems, and control systems, presenting significant technical challenges and differing significantly from traditional wheel-rail railway turnouts.

[0003] In related technologies, high-speed turnouts employ flexible, bendable beams or segmented beams with variable curvature. The straight turnout track is bent towards the side guide rail and connected to it, allowing the train to switch between the straight and side guide rails. Typically, a turnout section is about 150 meters long. The lateral bending of the turnout to achieve track switching results in an extremely complex mechanical and electrical structure. The lateral bending reduces structural strength, causing the straight track speed to be lower than the main line speed, resulting in a straight track speed not exceeding 500 km / h. The cost of a single turnout set is approximately 40 million yuan, and a standard station requires at least four sets of turnouts, with the turnout cost alone reaching 160 million yuan. Furthermore, the lateral bending of the turnout to achieve track switching requires a large maintenance area, and the structural complexity leads to inconvenient operation and maintenance. The high cost makes it difficult to popularize maglev stations, seriously hindering the development of high-speed maglev transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the high cost of high-speed maglev stations, this application provides a layered high-speed maglev turnout and platform.

[0005] The technical solution for a layered high-speed maglev turnout provided in this application is as follows:

[0006] A layered high-speed maglev turnout includes:

[0007] Main line guide rail, including main line coil and main line running rail;

[0008] The turnout foundation includes a top plate and multiple columns located below the top plate;

[0009] The straight-line guide rail includes a straight-line coil and a straight-line running rail. The straight-line running rail is slidably disposed above the top plate between a use state and a avoidance state. When in use, the straight-line running rail is connected to the main line running rail. When in avoidance state, the straight-line running rail is offset from the main line running rail.

[0010] A side guide rail, located below the top plate, includes a side coil and a side running rail, wherein the side running rail is a smooth arc-shaped track with one end connected to the main running rail; and

[0011] A switch machine, mounted on the top plate and used to drive the straight track rail to slide;

[0012] The top plate has a clearance opening for trains to travel from the main track to the side track.

[0013] Furthermore, the straight-line running rail includes a straight-line switch rail and a straight-line base rail. The straight-line switch rail is located on the side of the straight-line base rail that is close to the main line running rail. The bottom of the straight-line switch rail is fitted to the top surface of the side-line running rail, and the top is flush with the main line running rail.

[0014] Furthermore, the straight-strand coil includes multiple straight-strand traction coils and multiple straight-strand suspension coils, and the side-strand coil includes multiple straight-strand traction coils.

[0015] Furthermore, the top plate is provided with a straight track plate, and two sets of straight track plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight track. The straight track plate is provided with mounting grooves for installing straight coils.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the straight track plate is provided with a channel. When in the avoidance state, the straight track is housed in the channel, and the side of the straight track is flush with the side of the straight coil.

[0017] Furthermore, multiple switch machines are provided, and these multiple switch machines are spaced apart along the length of the top plate. The tie rod of the switch machine passes through the straight track plate and connects to the straight running rail.

[0018] Furthermore, two side walls are provided below the top plate, and the side guide rail is located between the two side walls. Both the side coil and the side guide rail are located on the side walls.

[0019] Furthermore, the side track includes a first arc-shaped track and a second arc-shaped track. The first arc-shaped track and the second arc-shaped track are arc-shaped tracks arranged on opposite sides of each other's tangent centers. One end of the first arc-shaped track and the second arc-shaped track is tangent to the main track, and the end of the second arc-shaped track away from the first arc-shaped track is tangent to the horizontal plane.

[0020] This application also provides a layered high-speed maglev platform, including an upper guide rail, a lower guide rail, and a lower platform located between two symmetrically arranged sets of turnouts. The upper guide rail includes an upper coil and an upper running rail, and the lower guide rail includes a lower coil and a lower running rail. The two ends of the upper running rail are respectively connected to two sets of straight track guide rails, and the two ends of the lower guide rail are respectively connected to and tangent to two side track running rails. The lower platform is located on one side of the lower guide rail.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes an upper platform, which is located on one side of the upper guide rail.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. This application, through the design of a turnout structure with upper and lower layers, allows trains to slow down in advance when they need to enter the station and stop, so that the train travels close to the main line running rail. The switch machine controls the sliding of the straight running rail to make it misalign with the main line running rail, so that when the train reaches the turnout, it travels on the side running rail, enters the lower layer and stops, which facilitates passengers getting on and off. Compared with the turnout beam structure with lateral bending deformation, the turnout structure of this application is simple, easy to control, shorter in length, with a smaller mass and shorter movement distance of the switch part. The upper and lower layer distribution can reduce the footprint of the turnout structure. The simple switching of the track structure can significantly reduce the manufacturing and construction costs of the turnout.

[0024] 2. The structural strength of the straight track guide rail in this application is not lower than that of the main track guide rail. In the turnout structure with lateral bending deformation, the turnout guide rail needs to have bending deformation capability, and its strength is lower than that of the main track guide rail. Trains need to slow down when passing through. The turnout in this application does not need to slow down when the train passes through the straight track, and the speed can reach 600km / h.

[0025] 3. When a train passes at high speed along the straight track, the straight track of the turnout in this application does not bear any load, which reduces the amount of maintenance work in the later stage and reduces the maintenance cost of the turnout.

[0026] 4. The main line of the platform in this application can also be used for passenger boarding and alighting, and after a train stops along the side track, another train can pass at high speed along the straight track without interference, thus improving traffic efficiency.

[0027] 5. The double-layer turnout of this application can be equipped with a single-layer platform or a double-layer platform according to the station requirements, which solves the problem that traditional platforms need to be set up independently. The platform of this application can be designed as an integral part of the station hall, reducing the station's footprint and simplifying the boarding process.

[0028] 6. The double-layer turnout design in this application achieves physical isolation between the main line and the station line, reduces the impact of aerodynamics and noise on passengers, and improves riding comfort. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the turnout foundation according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the straight track in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the avoidance state of the straight track in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 A sectional view along AA.

[0035] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of part B.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the running track according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a top view of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a single station according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-platform system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Attached reference numerals: 1. Mainline guide rail; 11. Mainline coil; 12. Mainline running rail; 2. Turnout foundation; 21. Top plate; 22. Column; 23. Straight track slab; 231. Channel; 232. Mounting slot; 233. Guide surface; 24. Side wall; 3. Straight track guide rail; 31. Straight track running rail; 311. Straight track switch rail; 312. Straight track base rail; 32. Straight track coil; 33. Straight track... 34. Crossbeam; 4. Side rail guide; 41. Side running rail; 42. Side coil; 43. Side rail guide; 5. Switch machine; 51. Tie rod; 6. Upper rail guide; 61. Upper running rail; 62. Upper coil; 7. Lower rail guide; 71. Lower running rail; 72. Lower coil; 8. Lower platform; 81. Lower gate; 9. Upper platform; 91. Upper gate. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0042] This application discloses a layered high-speed maglev turnout. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The multi-tiered high-speed maglev turnout includes a mainline guide rail 1, a turnout foundation 2, a straight track guide rail 3, a side track guide rail 4, and a switch machine 5. This application utilizes the characteristics of maglev vehicles—traveling close to the ground at low speeds (not exceeding 120 km / h) and levitating at high speeds—by setting up specially structured running rails at the turnout to enable vehicle switching, facilitating both high-speed passage and stopping at stations.

[0043] The main line guide rail 1 includes a main line coil 11 and a main line running rail 12. The main line running coil includes a main line traction coil and a main line suspension coil. The main line running rail 12 is made of concrete. For detailed structure, please refer to the patent application with application number CN202410993974.8.

[0044] The turnout foundation 2 is connected to the mainline foundation of the mainline guide rail 1, including a top plate 21 and multiple columns 22 installed on the top plate 21. The multiple columns 22 are symmetrically arranged in two groups on both sides of the bottom of the top plate 21, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, both the top slab 21 and the column 22 are made of concrete.

[0045] The straight track guide rail 3 includes a straight track coil 32, a straight track running rail 31, and a straight track guide rail 33. Since the straight track guide rail 3 needs to meet both high-speed passage and traction functions to meet station stopping requirements, the straight track coil 32 includes multiple straight track traction coils and multiple straight track suspension coils arranged in a straight line. The straight track running rail 31 is slidably mounted on the top plate 21 in the lateral direction (perpendicular to the train's direction of travel). In the working state and the avoidance state, when it is in the retracted state, the straight track running rail 31 is collinearly connected with the main track running rail 12. When it is in the avoidance state, the straight track running rail 31 is staggered from the main track running rail 12. The straight track guide rail 33 is located above the straight track coil. The straight track guide rail 33 is located on both sides of the straight track running rail 31 and is used to guide the lateral movement of passing vehicles. Guide wheels are set on the sides of the suspended train. The straight track guide rail 33 cooperates with the guide wheels on the sides of the train to guide the train laterally.

[0046] The side track guide rail 4 is located below the top plate 21. The side track guide rail 4 includes a side track coil 42, a side track running rail 41, and a side track guide 43. Since the purpose of the train entering the side track guide rail 4 is to stop and pick up / drop off passengers, the train does not need to levitate on the side track guide rail 4; it only needs to travel at low speed and stop. Therefore, the side track coil 42 only includes multiple traction coils arranged in a straight line, without the need for a levitation coil. The side track running rail 41 is a smooth arc-shaped track, with one end tangentially connected to the main line running rail 12 and the other end connected to the station track. The side track running rail 41 is connected by… The side track foundation is supported by concrete pouring; the top plate 21 has a clearance opening for trains to travel from the main line running rail 12 to the side track running rail 41. When a train needs to stop at a station, it first reduces its speed to below 120 km / h, enters the turnout along the main line running rail 12, and then enters the station along the side track running rail 41 through the clearance opening. The side track coil 42 serves to brake and start the train; the trajectory of the side track guide rail 43 is a contoured arc of the side track running rail 41, and its structural principle is the same as that of the straight track guide rail 33. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 6 As shown.

[0047] The straight track 31, the main track 12, and the side track 41 are all rectangular tracks made of cast concrete.

[0048] The switch machine 5 is mounted on the top plate 21 and is used to drive the straight track 31 to slide between the use state and the avoidance state.

[0049] When a train passes through a station without stopping, it is levitated by the mainline suspension coil and the straight-track suspension coil. During this process, the switch machine 5 controls the straight-track running rail 31 to connect with the mainline running rail 12. The straight-track running rail 31 protects the train at high speed, catching it if it falls due to a track fault and reducing the possibility of severe damage. When the train needs to stop, it slows down in advance, allowing the running wheels at the bottom of the train to move along the mainline running rail 12. The switch machine 5 controls the straight-track running rail 31 to deviate from the mainline running rail 12, allowing the train to enter the side running rail 41 along the straight-track running rail 31 and arrive at the platform to stop. The layered turnout design eliminates the need for complex horizontal curve deformation structures, simplifying the structure, making control easier, and requiring less space, thus significantly reducing the manufacturing and construction costs of the turnout.

[0050] When one train stops at the lower level, another train can pass through the upper level at high speed along the straight track 3, which can greatly improve the efficiency of train operation. Passengers getting on and off at the lower level are physically isolated from the high-speed trains on the upper level, reducing the airflow disturbance and noise impact from the high-speed trains when getting on and off, and improving the comfort of passengers.

[0051] As an alternative embodiment, the side guide rail 4 can also be set above the straight guide rail 3. This embodiment can be used for special station requirements such as upper-level stops for passenger pick-up and drop-off and high-speed train operation.

[0052] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The turnout foundation 2 is equipped with a straight track slab 23, which is cast in concrete and fixedly connected to the top plate 21 by bolts, nuts and other fasteners. There are two sets of straight track slabs 23, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight running rail 31. The side of the straight track slab 23 closest to the straight running rail 31 is provided with a guide surface 233, a mounting groove 232 and a channel 231. The guide surface 233 is the top of the straight track slab 23 and is used to cooperate with the guide wheel on the side of the train. The mounting groove 232 is used to install the straight coil 32, and the installed straight coil 32 is flush with the guide surface 233. The channel 231 is located at the bottom of the straight track slab 23 to accommodate the straight running rail 31, so that the straight running rail 31 can be completely contained in the channel 231 when it is in a clearance state.

[0053] To improve the stability of the turnout foundation 2, the turnout foundation 2 is provided with two side walls 24 on both sides of the side rail 4. Both side walls 24 are integrally cast with the top plate 21. The two sides of the side rail foundation abut against the two side walls 24 respectively, so that the side walls 24 can support the side rail 4.

[0054] The straight track slab 23 has a similar structure to the main line track slab, ensuring that the straight track guide rail 3 has a structural strength no less than that of the main line guide rail 1. This allows trains to pass through stations at speeds up to 600 km / h without needing to decelerate. In contrast, existing transversely bending turnout structures, such as the Japanese transverse articulated turnout, limit the straight track speed to 500 km / h. The turnout in this embodiment has a significantly higher upper limit for high-speed train travel.

[0055] To ensure that the straight track running rail 31 and the side track running rail 41 do not interfere with each other, the straight track running rail 31 includes an integrally formed straight track switch rail 311 and a straight track base rail. The straight track switch rail 311 is located on the side of the straight track base rail closest to the main track running rail 12. The bottom of the straight track running rail 31 is an arc shape that fits against the top surface of the side track running rail 41, and the top is flush with the main track running rail 12. The specific shape is as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0056] The side track running rail 41 includes a first arc-shaped rail and a second arc-shaped rail. The first arc-shaped rail and the second arc-shaped rail are circular arc-shaped tracks set on opposite sides of each other's tangent centers. One end of the first arc-shaped rail is tangent to the main track running rail 12 so that the train can smoothly enter the side track running rail 41. The end of the second arc-shaped rail away from the first arc-shaped rail is tangent to the horizontal plane so as to connect with the station track.

[0057] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8 To facilitate the lateral sliding of the straight track 31, the straight track 31 adopts a cantilever structure design. Multiple crossbeams 34 are provided on the side of the straight track 31 closest to the switch machine 5. These crossbeams 34 are evenly spaced along the length of the straight track 31. The end of each crossbeam 34 away from the straight track 31 passes through the straight track plate 23 and slides along it. The switch machine 5 has multiple crossbeams, all fixed to the top plate 21. The tie rod 51 of the switch machine 5 passes through the straight track plate 23 and is fixedly connected to the straight track 31. In operation, the bottom of the straight track tip rail 311 of the straight track 31 is supported on the side track 41, and the straight track base rail 312 is suspended on one side of the straight track plate 23 via the multiple crossbeams 34.

[0058] This application also discloses a multi-level high-speed maglev station. (Refer to...) Figure 5 and Figure 9 The multi-level high-speed maglev platform includes an upper guide rail 6, a lower guide rail 7, and a lower platform 8, which are set between two sets of turnouts. The two sets of turnouts are symmetrically arranged. The upper guide rail 6 includes an upper coil 62 and an upper running rail 61, which have the same structure as the main line guide rail 1. The two ends of the upper running rail 61 are collinearly connected to the straight track running rails 31 of the two sets of turnouts. The lower guide rail 7 includes a lower coil 72 and a lower running rail 71. Compared with the main line guide rail 1, the lower coil 72 only includes a traction coil and does not include a suspension coil, which can reduce costs. The lower running rail 71 is tangent to and connected to the side running rail 41 at the end away from the main line running rail 12. The lower platform 8 is located on one side of the lower running rail 71. The lower platform 8 is an integrated design of platform and concourse and is equipped with multiple lower gates 81. After the train stops on the lower running rail 71 after traveling from the side running rail 41, the position of the train door corresponds to the lower gate 81. Passengers can wait in front of the lower gate 81 to get on and off the train, which can be referred to as the subway riding method.

[0059] By using a layered turnout design, the station hall and platform are integrated, eliminating the need for separate platforms, further reducing the station's footprint, and simplifying the boarding process.

[0060] In this embodiment, the upper level of the station is used only for train traffic, while the lower level is used for passenger boarding and alighting. As an alternative embodiment, an upper-level platform 9 can be provided on one side of the upper-level running track 61, such as... Figure 10 As shown. When the train needs to stop at the upper platform 9, it slows down in advance, switching from a suspended state to a running state. It travels at low speed along the upper running rail 61 and the straight running rail 31 (currently in use) to reach the upper running rail 61 and stop. Figure 10The upper platform 9 is integrated with the station hall and is equipped with multiple upper gates 91. After the train stops on the upper running track 61 from the straight track 31, the train doors are positioned in the same position as the upper gates 91. Passengers can get on and off the train by waiting for the gates to open in front of the upper gates 91.

[0061] Depending on the passenger flow environment of the station, choosing to set up a single-level or double-level platform can better control the construction cost of the platform, and when the upper gate 91 is closed, it will not affect the high-speed operation of the upper guide rail 6, thus ensuring the efficient operation of the station.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertically layered high-speed maglev switch, characterized in that, Comprise: Main line guide rail, including main line coil and main line running rail; Switch foundation, including top plate and a plurality of columns arranged below the top plate; Straight strand guide rail, including straight strand coil, straight strand running rail and straight strand guide rail, the straight strand running rail is arranged above the top plate in the state of use and avoidance, in the state of use, the straight strand running rail is communicated with the main line running rail, in the state of avoidance, the straight strand running rail is staggered with the main line running rail, the straight strand guide rail is used for guiding the vehicle transversely; Side strand guide rail, arranged below the top plate, including side strand coil, side strand running rail and side strand guide rail, the side strand running rail is a smooth arc-shaped track with one end communicated with the main line running rail, the side strand guide rail is used for guiding the vehicle transversely; And Switch machine, arranged on the top plate and used for driving the straight strand running rail to slide; The top plate is provided with an avoidance gap for the train to run from the main line running rail to the side strand running rail.

2. The up-and-down layered high-speed maglev turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straight strand running rail comprises a straight strand point rail and a straight strand basic rail, the straight strand point rail is located on the side of the straight strand basic rail close to the main line running rail, the bottom of the straight strand point rail is arranged in close contact with the top surface of the side strand running rail, and the top is flush with the main line running rail.

3. The up-and-down layered high-speed maglev turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straight strand coil comprises a plurality of straight strand traction coils and a plurality of straight strand suspension coils, and the side strand coil comprises a plurality of straight strand traction coils.

4. The up-and-down layered high-speed maglev turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate is provided with straight strand track plates, two groups of which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight strand running rail, and the straight strand track plates are provided with mounting grooves for mounting the straight strand coil.

5. The up-and-down layered high-speed maglev turnout according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the straight strand track plate is provided with a groove, in the avoidance state, the straight strand running rail is accommodated in the groove, and the side surface of the straight strand running rail is flush with the side surface of the straight strand coil.

6. The up-and-down layered high-speed maglev turnout according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switch machine is provided with a plurality of switch machines, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the top plate, and the pull rod of the switch machine is connected with the straight strand running rail through the straight strand track plate.

7. The vertically layered high-speed maglev switch according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the top plate is provided with two side walls, the side strand guide rail is located between the two side walls, and the side strand coil and the side strand guide rail are arranged on the side walls.

8. The vertically layered high-speed maglev switch according to claim 1, wherein, The side strand running rail comprises a first arc-shaped rail and a second arc-shaped rail, the first arc-shaped rail and the second arc-shaped rail are circular arc-shaped tracks arranged on the opposite sides of the tangent circle center, one end of the first arc-shaped rail is tangent to the main line running rail, and one end of the second arc-shaped rail away from the first arc-shaped rail is tangent to the horizontal plane.

9. A high-speed maglev station with upper and lower layers, according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Comprise the upper layer guide rail, the lower layer guide rail and the lower layer platform between the two groups of switches arranged symmetrically, the upper layer guide rail comprises an upper layer coil and an upper layer running rail, the lower layer guide rail comprises a lower layer coil and a lower layer running rail, two ends of the upper layer running rail are respectively communicated with two straight strand guide rails, two ends of the lower layer guide rail are respectively communicated with two side strand running rails and are tangent, and the lower layer platform is located on one side of the lower layer guide rail.

10. The upper and lower layered high-speed maglev platform according to claim 9, characterized in that, Further comprise an upper layer platform, the upper layer platform is located on one side of the upper layer guide rail.

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