Construction method for reinforcing backfill foundation during house building earth excavation

Abstract

A house building earthwork excavation backfill foundation reinforcement construction method comprises the following steps that S1, on-site laying-off and cleaning are conducted; s2, digging and transporting earth and rocks; s3, backfilling earthwork; s4, dewatering and drainage construction; and S5, binding foundation beam bars. According to the method, the high-quality requirement can be met while more time is saved for a construction task. And more optimized construction and maintenance methods are adopted, so that the two methods supplement each other to achieve the effect of one plus one greater than two. And the construction procedures are scientifically overlapped, and the construction targets of quality, safety, progress and civilization are comprehensively completed. And through better arrangement of anti-settlement earthwork and reinforcement of house foundation steel bars, the threat of settlement of the building is prevented to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a construction method for reinforcing a foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of society and the steady improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for quality of life are getting higher and higher. Construction is closely related to all aspects of people's lives. Therefore, the construction market's demand for high-quality buildings is increasing, and low-quality buildings are gradually being eliminated by the market. In the actual construction process of construction projects, there are many concrete construction processes and the construction process is also relatively complicated. However, as the basic material for engineering construction, whether the construction process is professional will have a direct impact on the quality of the construction project. In the entire process of concrete construction, construction management personnel with high technical levels are required to control the entire construction process in order to effectively improve some common problems in the concrete construction process, thereby ensuring the smooth construction of building concrete construction projects.

[0003] At present, in the process of construction work, due to the influence of some factors (such as the low level of construction technicians, etc.), the construction quality has not been effectively improved. In addition, in the construction of construction projects, the mobility of construction personnel is relatively large, which makes the efficiency of construction work unable to be guaranteed. In addition, due to the soil quality in some areas, it is necessary to prevent settlement at the construction site and after construction. To solve this problem, a construction method for strengthening the foundation of earthwork excavation and backfilling is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned existing deficiencies and provide a construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, site survey and cleanup;

[0007] S2, excavation and transportation of earth and stone;

[0008] S3, backfill earth and rock;

[0009] S4, drainage construction;

[0010] S5, foundation beam reinforcement binding.

[0011] Preferably, the specific operations of step S1 are:

[0012] S11, first level the site according to the elevation required by the design drawings. The site leveling is planned to be carried out by large-scale construction machinery such as bulldozers and scrapers to speed up the construction progress. Site leveling includes the relocation and diversion of pipelines;

[0013] S12 includes clearing, debris removal, topsoil removal, removal and disposal of all vegetation and rubble within the specified area, unless some items are designated to remain in place or are not removed as required. This work also includes protecting all vegetation and materials designated to remain from damage and destruction.

[0014] Preferably, the specific steps of step S2 are:

[0015] S21: Earthwork excavation and transportation shall be carried out by means of a combined operation of excavators, bulldozers and dump trucks;

[0016] S22, Earthwork excavation area division: According to the earthwork volume distribution and deployment requirements, the excavation project is divided into two earthwork operation surfaces for simultaneous construction;

[0017] S23, excavation and transportation of earth and stone, using excavators or loaders to load and dump trucks for transportation;

[0018] S24, using machinery to construct in a mixed excavation method, that is, first digging a channel along the longitudinal direction, and then digging along the transverse slope to increase the excavation working surface;

[0019] S25. Clean the construction site before and after construction begins, and remove obstacles and facilities such as trees, weeds, and garbage in a timely manner.

[0020] Preferably, the specific steps of step S3 are:

[0021] S31, backfill soil. Use dump trucks to short-distance transport the soil to the backfill soil area, and use excavators to cooperate with backfill soil;

[0022] S32, before backfilling, all kinds of building materials and construction waste within the backfill area should be removed, and if there is any accumulated water, it should be pumped into the open drainage ditch on the roadside;

[0023] S33, during backfill construction, walkway slabs are laid on the routes for vehicles and excavators to drive, and the routes should avoid completed structures. If the foundation spacing is too small, manual transportation and backfilling can be used to ensure the safety of the concrete structure;

[0024] S34, the tamping method is adopted for backfilling, and the height of each backfill layer shall not exceed 0.5m, and it shall be compacted with a roller and a frog-type rammer.

[0025] Preferably, the specific steps of step S4 are:

[0026] S41, dig the soil to set up water collection wells and drainage ditches, that is, set up as you dig, consisting of underground drainage ditches, surface intercepting ditches, sedimentation tanks, and drainage pipes; underground drainage adopts the drainage scheme of water collection pits;

[0027] S42, according to the characteristics of the project site, the on-site drainage facilities shall be reasonably arranged, and the on-site drainage facilities shall be able to meet the needs of timely drainage during the maximum rainfall to ensure that there is no water accumulation in the site;

[0028] S43, the site area adopts organized drainage, the drainage channel is unobstructed, the sewage is precipitated on site and discharged into the municipal sewage main pipe, the on-site machinery and equipment are equipped with necessary rainproof sheds as required, and the lightning protection and grounding devices of various machinery and equipment are regularly checked to see if they are in good condition. Temporary facilities such as offices must be built on high ground and reinforced, and sufficient water pumps, shed cloths, plastic films and other rainproof supplies must be stored;

[0029] S44, regularly check all kinds of rainproof facilities, solve problems in time and keep records, especially before the flood season and before the storm, organize day and night duty during the flood season and storm, pay close attention to weather forecasts and typhoon and rainstorm warnings, arrange manual drainage of drainage ditches regularly to ensure smooth water flow; regularly desilt the water collection wells to prevent blockage of water pumps. When the channel crosses the drainage ditch, wooden planks and boards should be laid on it;

[0030] S45. There should be a dedicated person in charge of the submersible pump and centrifugal pump, who should switch them on and off in a timely manner according to the water level in the collection well, so as to ensure the continuity of pumping and protect the pumping equipment from damage.

[0031] Preferably, the specific steps of step S5 are:

[0032] S51, according to the marked wall and hidden column position lines, adjust the wall and column reinforcements in proportion to meet the requirements of the protective layer, and ensure that the wall reinforcements and hidden column reinforcements are vertical, not skewed, not tilted, and not displaced;

[0033] S52, tying lintel reinforcement: When tying lintel reinforcement, use a level ruler to level it. The stirrups are required to be evenly spaced, perpendicular to the main beam reinforcement, and of the same size. The hook angle is 135 degrees, and the length of the straight section is 10d. The first starting reinforcement is 50mm inside the column and 50mm away from the outer main reinforcement. The second one is outside the column and 50mm away from the main reinforcement.

[0034] S53, tying wall reinforcement: first tie the vertical positioning ladder reinforcement of the wall. The spacing between the vertical positioning ladder reinforcement is 1200-1500mm, and they are arranged evenly. When the spacing between hidden columns is small, they can be placed between two hidden columns depending on the situation. The spacing between the distance frames is the same as the spacing between the horizontal reinforcements. There is one reinforcement on the top, middle and bottom of the top formwork, and it is painted with anti-rust paint. It should be 2mm smaller than the wall thickness. The height of the ladder reinforcement is required to be consistent.

[0035] The steel bars are stacked and processed on site.

[0036] The steel bar mixing work shall be carried out by the professional reinforcement personnel responsible for the construction in strict accordance with the specifications and design requirements.

[0037] The project prepares a steel bar processing and supply plan based on the construction progress and on-site material storage capacity.

[0038] The marking of steel bars should indicate the usage location, specifications, quantity, size, etc., and the steel bar identification plates should be unified.

[0039] This project involves a large amount of steel bars with many types. After the steel bars arrive at the site, they are stacked in an orderly manner according to their grades and models, and mixing is strictly prohibited.

[0040] To ensure that the double-layer steel bars of the wall are horizontal and vertical, and the spacing is uniform and correct, ladder bars are used for positioning. To ensure the thickness of the wall, short steel bars are added to the tension screws to make the ends of the short steel bars flat. After the wall bars are tied, the main bars at the nodes of the door and window openings are corrected to ensure the thickness of the protective layer. The wall steel bar lap joints should have no less than 3 buckles, and the buckles should face inward.

[0041] After the vertical reinforcement of the wall is tied, the horizontal reinforcement of the wall is tied. The spacing of the horizontal reinforcement is tied according to the ladder distance of the vertical positioning ladder reinforcement. The first starting reinforcement is 50mm away from the top plate surface. At the same time, ensure that there are three horizontal reinforcements in the overlap section. The length of the wire is required to be consistent and free of burrs. When tying the wire, tie it from the opposite side to ensure that the wire head is inside the wall reinforcement.

[0042] Finally, add a horizontal positioning frame on the top of the wall, and the spacing between the positioning frames is the same as the spacing between the vertical reinforcements of the wall. Set the tension reinforcement according to the design requirements, and the tension reinforcement will hold the vertical and horizontal reinforcements.

[0043] The upper longitudinal reinforcement of the frame beam should pass through the middle node, and the anchorage length of the lower longitudinal reinforcement of the beam extending into the middle node and the length extending through the center line must meet the design requirements. The anchorage length of the longitudinal reinforcement of the frame beam in the end node must also meet the design requirements.

[0044] The hooks of the stirrups at the overlapped parts are staggered in the beam. The hook of the stirrups is 135° and the length of the straight part is 10d.

[0045] The first stirrup at the beam end should be set 50 mm away from the edge of the column node.

[0046] Overlap of beam reinforcement: The distance between the end of the overlap length and the bend of the reinforcement shall not be less than 10 times the diameter of the reinforcement. The joint should not be located at the maximum bending moment of the member.

[0047] When the reinforcement is densely interlaced at the frame node, pay special attention to the net distance between the main reinforcements on the top of the beam to be 30mm to facilitate the pouring of concrete. When tying the beam and slab reinforcement, prevent the water and electricity pipelines from lifting or pressing down the reinforcement.

[0048] Check whether the type, diameter, number and spacing of the steel bars are correct according to the design drawings, especially the number of negative moment bars in the supports. Check whether the position and length of the steel bar joints meet the requirements. Check whether the thickness of the steel bar protective layer meets the requirements. Check whether the steel bar is firmly tied and whether there is any looseness. Check whether the steel bar is clean.

[0049] When tying the plate reinforcement, the line should be drawn first, and then the main reinforcement and distribution reinforcement should be placed. Embedded parts, wire tubes, reserved holes, etc. should be installed in a timely manner.

[0050] When tying the plate reinforcement, straight buckles or eight-shaped buckles are generally used. Except for the intersections of the two outer reinforcements, which should be tied completely, the remaining points can be staggered. A steel bar saddle is added between the two layers of reinforcement to ensure the position of the upper reinforcement. Each intersection of the negative bending moment reinforcement must be tied.

[0051] When tying the steel mesh of the plate, attention should be paid to the negative reinforcement on the upper part of the plate to prevent it from being stepped on.

[0052] Preferably, the specific operations of step S12 are:

[0053] S121, the supervising engineer will set the scope of work and specify the retention of various trees, shrubs, plants and other things. The project department should retain all the specified contents;

[0054] S122, Cleaning, Debris Removal, Tree Removal All surface objects, trees, dead wood, stumps, roots, rootstocks, bushes, other vegetation, garbage and other protruding obstacles not specified to be left behind will be cleaned and the roots will be excavated, including those that need to be preserved;

[0055] In the area of ​​construction, where topsoil and unsuitable material are to be removed from the area, or compaction is specified, all stumps and roots shall be removed to a depth of at least 50 cm below the original surface and to a depth of at least 50 cm below the bottom of the lowest surfacing layer;

[0056] All tree stumps and roots shall be removed from the finished surface to a depth of not less than 50 cm. The cleaning and excavation of pits, trenches and ditches shall be limited to the depth required for these areas.

[0057] S123, Protection of Designated Retained Areas. Within the areas designated by the Engineer, the Project Department will be responsible for the protection and routine maintenance of existing bushes, trees and grassy areas.

[0058] Preferably, in step S41:

[0059] The drainage ditch is a 400mm×300mm brick-built drainage ditch; the water collection well is set at a distance of 20 meters to 30 meters.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0061] The present invention makes the process more rational and detailed through construction organization deployment, construction preparation, construction and quality inspection of results. It can save more time in construction tasks while meeting high quality requirements. It adopts more optimized construction and maintenance methods, so that the two complement each other and achieve the effect of one plus one greater than two. The scientific overlap construction process fully achieves the goals of quality, safety, progress and civilized construction. And through better anti-settlement earthwork settings and reinforcement of house foundation steel bars, the threat of building settlement is prevented to the maximum extent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] The present invention provides a technical solution: a construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1, site survey and cleanup;

[0065] S2, excavation and transportation of earth and stone;

[0066] S3, backfill earth and rock;

[0067] S4, drainage construction;

[0068] S5, foundation beam reinforcement binding.

[0069] Preferably, the specific operations of step S1 are:

[0070] S11, first level the site according to the elevation required by the design drawings. The site leveling is planned to be carried out by large-scale construction machinery such as bulldozers and scrapers to speed up the construction progress. Site leveling includes the relocation and diversion of pipelines;

[0071] S12 includes clearing, debris removal, topsoil removal, removal and disposal of all vegetation and rubble within the specified area, unless some items are designated to remain in place or are not removed as required. This work also includes protecting all vegetation and materials designated to remain from damage and destruction.

[0072] Preferably, the specific steps of step S2 are:

[0073] S21: Earthwork excavation and transportation shall be carried out by means of a combined operation of excavators, bulldozers and dump trucks;

[0074] S22, Earthwork excavation area division: According to the earthwork volume distribution and deployment requirements, the excavation project is divided into two earthwork operation surfaces for simultaneous construction;

[0075] S23, excavation and transportation of earth and stone, using excavators or loaders to load and dump trucks for transportation;

[0076] S24, using machinery to construct in a mixed excavation method, that is, first digging a channel along the longitudinal direction, and then digging along the transverse slope to increase the excavation working surface;

[0077] S25. Clean the construction site before and after construction begins, and remove obstacles and facilities such as trees, weeds, and garbage in a timely manner.

[0078] Preferably, the specific steps of step S3 are:

[0079] S31, backfill soil. Use dump trucks to short-distance transport the soil to the backfill soil area, and use excavators to cooperate with backfill soil;

[0080] S32, before backfilling, all kinds of building materials and construction waste within the backfill area should be removed, and if there is any accumulated water, it should be pumped into the open drainage ditch on the roadside;

[0081] S33, during backfill construction, walkway slabs are laid on the routes for vehicles and excavators to drive, and the routes should avoid completed structures. If the foundation spacing is too small, manual transportation and backfilling can be used to ensure the safety of the concrete structure;

[0082] S34, the tamping method is adopted for backfilling, and the height of each backfill layer shall not exceed 0.5m, and it shall be compacted with a roller and a frog-type rammer.

[0083] Preferably, the specific steps of step S4 are:

[0084] S41, dig the soil to set up water collection wells and drainage ditches, that is, set up as you dig, consisting of underground drainage ditches, surface intercepting ditches, sedimentation tanks, and drainage pipes; underground drainage adopts the drainage scheme of water collection pits;

[0085] S42, according to the characteristics of the project site, the on-site drainage facilities shall be reasonably arranged, and the on-site drainage facilities shall be able to meet the needs of timely drainage during the maximum rainfall to ensure that there is no water accumulation in the site;

[0086] S43, the site area adopts organized drainage, the drainage channel is unobstructed, the sewage is precipitated on site and discharged into the municipal sewage main pipe, the on-site machinery and equipment are equipped with necessary rainproof sheds as required, and the lightning protection and grounding devices of various machinery and equipment are regularly checked to see if they are in good condition. Temporary facilities such as offices must be built on high ground and reinforced, and sufficient water pumps, shed cloths, plastic films and other rainproof supplies must be stored;

[0087] S44, regularly check all kinds of rainproof facilities, solve problems in time and keep records, especially before the flood season and before the storm, organize day and night duty during the flood season and storm, pay close attention to weather forecasts and typhoon and rainstorm warnings, arrange manual drainage of drainage ditches regularly to ensure smooth water flow; regularly desilt the water collection wells to prevent blockage of water pumps. When the channel crosses the drainage ditch, wooden planks and boards should be laid on it;

[0088] S45. There should be a dedicated person in charge of the submersible pump and centrifugal pump, who should switch them on and off in a timely manner according to the water level in the collection well, so as to ensure the continuity of pumping and protect the pumping equipment from damage.

[0089] Preferably, the specific steps of step S5 are:

[0090] S51, according to the marked wall and hidden column position lines, adjust the wall and column reinforcements in proportion to meet the requirements of the protective layer, and ensure that the wall reinforcements and hidden column reinforcements are vertical, not skewed, not tilted, and not displaced;

[0091] S52, tying lintel reinforcement: When tying lintel reinforcement, use a level ruler to level it. The stirrups are required to be evenly spaced, perpendicular to the main beam reinforcement, and of the same size. The hook angle is 135 degrees, and the length of the straight section is 10d. The first starting reinforcement is 50mm inside the column and 50mm away from the outer main reinforcement. The second one is outside the column and 50mm away from the main reinforcement.

[0092] S53, tying wall reinforcement: first tie the vertical positioning ladder reinforcement of the wall. The spacing between the vertical positioning ladder reinforcement is 1200-1500mm, and they are arranged evenly. When the spacing between hidden columns is small, they can be placed between two hidden columns depending on the situation. The spacing between the distance frames is the same as the spacing between the horizontal reinforcements. There is one reinforcement on the top, middle and bottom of the top formwork, and it is painted with anti-rust paint. It should be 2mm smaller than the wall thickness. The height of the ladder reinforcement is required to be consistent.

[0093] Preferably, the specific operations of step S12 are:

[0094] S121, the supervising engineer will set the scope of work and specify the retention of various trees, shrubs, plants and other things. The project department should retain all the specified contents;

[0095] S122, Cleaning, Debris Removal, Tree Removal All surface objects, trees, dead wood, stumps, roots, rootstocks, bushes, other vegetation, garbage and other protruding obstacles not specified to be left behind will be cleaned and the roots will be excavated, including those that need to be preserved;

[0096] In the area of ​​construction, where topsoil and unsuitable material are to be removed from the area, or compaction is specified, all stumps and roots shall be removed to a depth of at least 50 cm below the original surface and to a depth of at least 50 cm below the bottom of the lowest surfacing layer;

[0097] All tree stumps and roots shall be removed from the finished surface to a depth of not less than 50 cm. The cleaning and excavation of pits, trenches and ditches shall be limited to the depth required for these areas.

[0098] S123, Protection of Designated Retained Areas. Within the areas designated by the Engineer, the Project Department will be responsible for the protection and routine maintenance of existing bushes, trees and grassy areas.

[0099] Preferably, in step S41:

[0100] The drainage ditch is a 400mm×300mm brick-built drainage ditch; the water collection well is set at a distance of 20 meters to 30 meters.

[0101] Sampling is carried out on site according to the specifications as the basis for concrete strength testing. The mixing station should implement technical monitoring of on-site sampling as necessary. The concrete strength must meet the requirements of "mathematical statistics". Concrete specimens under the same curing conditions should be made according to the specifications.

[0102] The present invention makes the process more rational and detailed through construction organization deployment, construction preparation, construction and quality inspection of results. It can save more time in construction tasks while meeting high quality requirements. It adopts more optimized construction and maintenance methods, so that the two complement each other and achieve the effect of one plus one greater than two. The scientific overlap construction process fully achieves the goals of quality, safety, progress and civilized construction. And through better anti-settlement earthwork settings and reinforcement of house foundation steel bars, the threat of building settlement is prevented to the maximum extent.

[0103] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1, site survey and cleanup; S2, excavation and transportation of earth and stone; S3, backfill earth and rock; S4, drainage construction; S5, foundation beam reinforcement binding.

2. A construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operations of step S1 are: S11, first level the site according to the elevation required by the design drawings. The site leveling is planned to be carried out by large-scale construction machinery such as bulldozers and scrapers. Site leveling includes the relocation and diversion of pipelines; S12 includes clearing, debris removal, topsoil removal, and removal and disposal of all vegetation and rubble within the specified area unless items are specified to remain in place or are not removed as required.

3. A construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S2 are: S21: Earthwork excavation and transportation shall be carried out by means of a combined operation of excavators, bulldozers and dump trucks; S22, Earthwork excavation area division: According to the earthwork volume distribution and deployment requirements, the excavation project is divided into two earthwork operation surfaces for simultaneous construction; S23, excavation and transportation of earth and stone, using excavators or loaders to load and dump trucks for transportation; S24, using machinery to construct in a mixed excavation method, that is, first digging a channel along the longitudinal direction, and then digging along the transverse slope to increase the excavation working surface; S25. Clean the construction site before and after construction begins, and remove obstacles and facilities such as trees, weeds, and garbage in a timely manner.

4. The construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S3 are: S31, backfill soil. Use dump trucks to short-distance transport the soil to the backfill soil area, and use excavators to cooperate with backfill soil; S32, before backfilling, all kinds of building materials and construction waste within the backfill area should be removed, and if there is any accumulated water, it should be pumped into the open drainage ditch on the roadside; S33, during backfill construction, walkway slabs are laid on the routes for vehicles and excavators, and the routes should avoid completed structures. If the foundation spacing is too small, manual transportation and backfilling can be used; S34, the tamping method is used for backfilling, and the height of each backfill layer shall not exceed 0.5m, and it shall be compacted with a roller and a frog-type rammer.

5. The construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S4 are: S41, dig the soil to set up water collection wells and drainage ditches, that is, set up as you dig, consisting of underground drainage ditches, surface intercepting ditches, sedimentation tanks, and drainage pipes; underground drainage adopts the drainage scheme of water collection pits; S42, according to the characteristics of the project site, the on-site drainage facilities shall be reasonably arranged, and the on-site drainage facilities shall be able to meet the needs of timely drainage during the maximum rainfall; S43, the site area adopts organized drainage, the drainage channel is unobstructed, the sewage is precipitated on site and discharged into the municipal sewage main pipe, the on-site machinery and equipment are equipped with necessary rainproof sheds as required, and the lightning protection and grounding devices of various machinery and equipment are regularly checked to see if they are in good condition. Temporary facilities such as offices must be built on high ground and reinforced, and sufficient water pumps, shed cloths, plastic films and other rainproof supplies must be stored; S44, regularly inspect all types of rain protection facilities, solve problems in a timely manner, and keep records. In particular, inspections should be carried out before the flood season and before the arrival of a storm. During the flood season and storms, day and night shifts should be organized, and weather forecasts and typhoon and rainstorm warnings should be paid close attention. Manual drainage of drainage ditches should be arranged regularly; S45. There should be a dedicated person in charge of the submersible pump and centrifugal pump to switch them on and off in a timely manner according to the water level in the collection well.

6. The construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S5 are: S51, according to the marked wall and hidden column position lines, adjust the wall and column reinforcements in proportion to meet the requirements of the protective layer, and ensure that the wall reinforcements and hidden column reinforcements are vertical, not skewed, not tilted, and not displaced; S52, tying lintel reinforcement: When tying lintel reinforcement, use a level ruler to level it. The stirrups are required to be evenly spaced, perpendicular to the main beam reinforcement, and of the same size. The hook angle is 135 degrees, and the length of the straight section is 10d. The first starting reinforcement is 50mm inside the column and 50mm away from the outer main reinforcement. The second one is outside the column and 50mm away from the main reinforcement. S53, tying wall reinforcement: first tie the vertical positioning ladder reinforcement of the wall. The spacing between the vertical positioning ladder reinforcement is 1200-1500mm, and they are arranged evenly. When the spacing between hidden columns is small, they can be placed between two hidden columns depending on the situation. The spacing between the distance frames is the same as the spacing between the horizontal reinforcements. There is one reinforcement on the top, middle and bottom of the top formwork, and it is painted with anti-rust paint. It should be 2mm smaller than the wall thickness. The height of the ladder reinforcement is required to be consistent.

7. The construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific operations of step S12 are: S121, the supervising engineer will set the scope of work and specify the retention of various trees, shrubs, plants and other things. The project department should retain all the specified contents; S122, Cleaning, Debris Removal, Tree Removal All surface objects, trees, dead wood, stumps, roots, rootstocks, bushes, other vegetation, garbage and other protruding obstacles not specified to be left behind will be cleaned and the roots will be excavated, including those that need to be preserved; In the area of ​​construction, where topsoil and unsuitable material are to be removed from the area, or compaction is specified, all stumps and roots shall be removed to a depth of at least 50 cm below the original surface and to a depth of at least 50 cm below the bottom of the lowest surfacing layer; All tree stumps and roots shall be removed from the finished surface to a depth of not less than 50 cm. The cleaning and excavation of pits, trenches and ditches shall be limited to the depth required for these areas. S123, Protection of Designated Retained Areas. Within the areas designated by the Engineer, the Project Department will be responsible for the protection and routine maintenance of existing bushes, trees and grassy areas.

8. The construction method for strengthening the foundation by excavating and backfilling earthwork for building construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S41: The drainage ditch is a 400mm×300mm brick-built drainage ditch; the water collection well is set at a distance of 20 meters to 30 meters.