Building roof heat preservation and insulation system and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a building roof heat preservation and insulation system and a construction method thereof. The heat preservation and insulation system comprises a roof structure, an overhead heat preservation and insulation structure and a monitoring control module. A dynamic dimming glass plate and a photovoltaic plate are integrated into a double-function-layer structure, and the heat insulation requirement when the illumination intensity is too high in the daytime in summer, the heat preservation requirement at night in winter and the requirement for indoor heating through solar radiant heat in the daytime in winter are met; the construction method comprises the steps of pretreatment of a roof, installation of an overhead support, installation of a photovoltaic panel, installation of a glass plate, installation of a ventilation assembly, deployment of a monitoring control module and system function verification. The construction efficiency and quality are improved through the prefabricated assembly type construction mode of the overhead support, the dynamic dimming glass plate and the photovoltaic plate, and the environment-friendly requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of roof covering layer insulation facilities, and in particular to a building roof thermal insulation system and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the building's external envelope structure, the thermal insulation performance of the roof directly affects the building's energy consumption. In summer, the thermal insulation layer can effectively reduce the transfer of solar radiation heat, block the conduction of heat into the room, and reduce the frequency of air conditioning use; in winter, the thermal insulation layer can reduce heat loss, maintain a stable indoor temperature, and enhance living comfort. In addition, the roof thermal insulation layer can reduce structural deformation and cracks caused by the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor, and extend its service life.

[0003] Traditional building roof insulation layers usually use thermal resistance materials such as rock wool and polyurethane. These materials have the following defects during long-term use: 1) The reflectivity of the material is insufficient, which easily leads to heat accumulation under solar radiation in summer, and the heat is conducted to the room through the roof structure layer; 2) It is impossible to actively use solar radiation heat for indoor heating during the day in winter; 3) Traditional roof insulation materials are prone to aging, which leads to the degradation of thermal resistance performance.

[0004] Traditional building roof insulation structures, represented by overhead insulation layers, achieve roof insulation by using insulation boards to block direct sunlight and air flow under the insulation boards to take away heat. However, in actual applications, the application of overhead insulation layers is restricted by shortcomings such as insufficient overhead height leading to poor insulation effect, reliance on natural ventilation leading to poor air flow, and inability to effectively keep warm in winter.

[0005] When photovoltaic panels are used as the insulation board of the overhead insulation layer, they also have the function of generating electricity. The reflectivity of the photovoltaic panel material itself is high, which can reflect part of the sunlight to avoid excessive heat absorption. In addition, compared with traditional thermal resistance materials such as rock wool and polyurethane, photovoltaic panels dissipate heat faster at night, which can avoid excessive heat accumulation on the roof. However, the overhead insulation layer using photovoltaic panels also has disadvantages such as inability to effectively keep warm in winter, and when the intensity of sunlight radiation is high in summer, it is easy to cause the photovoltaic panels to overload and be damaged; in addition, the surface of photovoltaic panels is prone to dust, bird droppings and other pollutants, which will cause a significant decrease in reflectivity, insulation capacity and power generation capacity, exacerbating the risk of overload and damage when the intensity of sunlight radiation is high in summer.

[0006] It is difficult to apply prefabricated and assembled construction methods to the thermal insulation layer of traditional buildings, which makes it difficult to ensure construction efficiency and quality. The uncertainty of on-site operations often leads to insufficient precision in the production of thermal insulation components, which causes thermal bridge effects in the thermal insulation layer during the use of the building, seriously affecting the thermal insulation effect. In addition, the pollution such as garbage, noise and dust generated by on-site wet operations is contrary to the concept of green environmental protection and is not conducive to the high-quality development of the construction industry. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention applies for a building roof thermal insulation system and a construction method thereof, which is helpful in solving the needs of building roofs for thermal insulation, heat insulation and heating in different seasons.

[0008] The first aspect of the present application discloses a building roof thermal insulation system, comprising a roof structure, an overhead thermal insulation structure and a monitoring and control module; the roof structure is a covering layer on the top of the building; the overhead thermal insulation structure is fixed on the roof structure, comprising an overhead bracket, a dynamic dimming glass panel, a photovoltaic panel, a rotation drive device, an air intake assembly and an exhaust assembly;

[0009] The overhead bracket is a frame structure formed by splicing alloy profiles, with a mounting groove on the top layer and a rubber sealing strip embedded therein, a snap-on track on the middle layer, and the surrounding side walls are enclosed by alloy plates; the dynamic dimming glass plate is sealed and installed in the mounting groove; the photovoltaic panel is installed on the snap-on track; the photovoltaic panel, the roof structure and the overhead bracket form a lower cavity, and the dynamic dimming glass plate, the photovoltaic panel and the overhead bracket form an upper cavity; the rotating drive device is symmetrically installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel, including a stepping motor and a coupling, which is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the central axis, and the rotation angle adjustment range is 360°; the air inlet assembly and the exhaust assembly are respectively arranged on the side walls on both sides of the overhead bracket, and the air inlet assembly and the exhaust assembly both include pipes, valves, filters and fans;

[0010] The monitoring and control module includes a sensor cluster and a control unit; the sensor cluster includes a sun altitude sensor and a first light intensity sensor arranged above the overhead support side, a first temperature sensor arranged indoors, and a second light intensity sensor and a second temperature sensor arranged in the upper cavity; the control unit is connected to and controls the rotation of the rotating drive device, the transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the start and stop of the fan and the opening of the valve through a wireless connection.

[0011] Preferably, the dynamic dimming glass plate includes a surface protection coating, an upper glass layer, an electro-optical dimming layer and a lower glass layer from top to bottom; the surface protection coating is a homopolymer with low surface energy, which can make the surface of the dynamic dimming glass plate not easily contaminated by various liquids and dust; the electro-optical dimming layer is used to change the transmittance according to the signal sent by the control unit; the transmittance τ(V) of the dynamic dimming glass plate should meet the requirements as shown in the following formula:

[0012]

[0013] Where T0 is the ambient temperature in the upper cavity, °C; T max The maximum ambient temperature to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic panel is ℃; R is the unit light intensity temperature rise coefficient, ℃·m 2 / W;G o is the external light intensity, W / m 2 .

[0014] Preferably, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panels is preferentially supplied to the building roof thermal insulation system, and the surplus electricity is stored in solid-state batteries.

[0015] Preferably, a flexible thermal insulation material layer is provided on the inner wall of the pipes of the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the pipes and the overhead support.

[0016] The second aspect of the present application discloses a construction method of a building roof thermal insulation system, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S100, pretreatment of the roof: cleaning the dust, oil stains and sharp objects on the surface of the roof structure layer, using a laser rangefinder to detect the flatness of the roof structure layer and using cement mortar for leveling, to ensure that the subsequent construction foundation is stable and the air flow smoothness of the lower cavity is not affected;

[0018] S200, installing the overhead support: fixing the prefabricated base of the overhead support to the roof structure by chemical anchor bolts;

[0019] S300, installation of photovoltaic panels: sliding the photovoltaic panels along the clip-on track into the middle layer of the overhead support, and connecting the wiring terminals through a waterproof wiring box;

[0020] S400, installation of glass panels: hoisting the prefabricated dynamic dimming glass panels and embedding them into the installation grooves, padding the four corners with silicone rubber cushions, embedding rubber sealing strips at the joints to form continuous glue seams;

[0021] S500, installation of ventilation components: connecting the pipes of the air inlet component and the air exhaust component to the overhead bracket through flange bolts, sandwiching asbestos rubber gaskets between the flanges, and pasting a flexible insulation material layer on the inner wall of the air duct;

[0022] S600, deployment of monitoring control module: installing the sun altitude sensor and the first light intensity sensor in an unobstructed area above the side of the overhead support, installing the first temperature sensor in the center of the indoor ceiling below the roof, and installing the second light intensity sensor and the second temperature sensor inside the upper cavity; the control unit is connected to the rotation drive device, the dynamic dimming glass panel, the fan and the valve by wireless connection;

[0023] S700, system function verification: simulate summer daytime, spring and autumn daytime, winter daytime and winter night working conditions, and obtain the external light intensity G through the sensor cluster o , solar altitude angle, indoor ambient temperature, ambient temperature T0 in the upper cavity and light intensity, and controlling the rotary drive device, the dynamic dimming glass panel, the fan and the valve by the control unit to verify whether the building roof thermal insulation system can operate normally.

[0024] Preferably, in step S700, the verification of the function of the building roof thermal insulation system under various working conditions specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] S701, simulating summer daytime working conditions: reducing the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel to a minimum value, keeping the photovoltaic panel at an initial rotation position, and turning on the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly for ventilation;

[0026] S702, simulating the daytime working conditions in spring and autumn: dynamically adjusting the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel according to the external light intensity, keeping the photovoltaic panel at the initial rotation position, and turning on the air inlet assembly and the exhaust assembly for ventilation;

[0027] S703, simulating winter daytime working conditions: increasing the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass plate to the maximum value, adjusting the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the solar altitude angle, so that the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the solar altitude angle, so that sunlight passes through the dynamic dimming glass plate and directly irradiates the roof structure;

[0028] S704, simulating winter night working conditions: resetting the photovoltaic panel to an initial rotation position, closing the valves of the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly, thereby forming an air insulation layer in the lower cavity and the upper cavity.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: in response to the needs of building roofs for heat preservation, heat insulation and heating in different seasons, a building roof heat preservation and heat insulation system and a construction method thereof are disclosed, the heat preservation and heat insulation system comprising a roof structure, an overhead heat preservation and heat insulation structure and a monitoring and control module; by integrating the dynamic dimming glass panel and the photovoltaic panel into a double-functional layer structure, when the light intensity during the summer day is too high, the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to reduce the transmittance, so that the light intensity after the sunlight passes through the dynamic dimming glass panel is reduced, and the photovoltaic panel is prevented from overloading, and at the same time, the heat accumulated in the photovoltaic panel and its vicinity is discharged in time by strengthening the air circulation in the double-layer cavity; in spring and autumn, the transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to make the photovoltaic panel in a better working state; when heat preservation is needed at night in winter, a closed air insulation layer is formed in the double-layer cavity by controlling the valve opening; when solar radiation heat is needed for indoor heating during the winter day, the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to increase the transmittance, and at the same time, the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to be parallel to the solar altitude angle, so that the sunlight passes through the double-layer cavity, and the photovoltaic panel is heated by the air in the double-layer cavity, so that the photovoltaic panel can be heated by the air in the double-layer cavity, and the heat in the double-layer cavity ... The dynamic dimming glass panel is directly irradiated on the roof structure, and then the solar radiation heat is used for indoor heating; according to the various monitoring data of sunlight and temperature obtained by the sensor cluster, the transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel, the start and stop of the fan and the valve opening are timely adjusted through the control module to achieve the dynamic thermal balance of the building roof under various seasonal conditions; the structure of the overhead bracket separates the photovoltaic panel from the external environment, and the air flow in the double-layer cavity and the rotation of the photovoltaic panel itself are conducive to the shedding of dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, keeping the photovoltaic panel clean and avoiding a significant decrease in the heat insulation capacity and power generation capacity; the protective coating on the surface of the dynamic dimming glass panel is conducive to maintaining the cleanliness of the surface; the construction method includes roof pretreatment, installation of overhead brackets, installation of photovoltaic panels, installation of glass panels, installation of ventilation components, deployment of monitoring and control modules and system function verification; the prefabricated and assembled construction method of overhead brackets, dynamic dimming glass panels and photovoltaic panels improves construction efficiency and quality and meets environmental protection requirements; the application of snap-on tracks and rubber sealing strips ensures the accuracy and air tightness of installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a building roof thermal insulation system according to the present invention under summer daytime working conditions;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a building roof thermal insulation system of the present invention under daytime working conditions in winter;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic dimming glass panel of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A flow chart of a construction method of a building roof thermal insulation system according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure numerals: 1-roof structure, 2-overhead thermal insulation structure, 21-overhead bracket, 211-installation groove, 212-snap-on track, 213-side wall, 22-dynamic dimming glass panel, 221-surface protection coating, 222-upper glass layer, 223-electroluminescent layer, 224-lower glass layer, 23-photovoltaic panel, 24-rotation drive device, 25-air inlet assembly, 26-exhaust assembly, 27-lower cavity, 28-upper cavity, 31-sun height sensor, 32-first light intensity sensor, 33-first temperature sensor, 34-second light intensity sensor, 35-second temperature sensor, 4-sunlight incidence direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a more detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings so that a person skilled in the art can implement the embodiments after reading the description. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] The first aspect of the present application discloses Figure 1-3 A building roof thermal insulation system shown in the figure comprises a roof structure 1, an overhead thermal insulation structure 2 and a monitoring and control module; the roof structure 1 is a covering layer on the top of the building; the overhead thermal insulation structure 2 is fixed on the roof structure 1, and comprises an overhead bracket 21, a dynamic dimming glass panel 22, a photovoltaic panel 23, a rotating drive device 24, an air inlet component 25 and an air exhaust component 26;

[0037] The overhead bracket 21 is a frame structure made of alloy profiles. The top layer is provided with a mounting groove 211 and a rubber sealing strip is embedded therein. The middle layer is provided with a snap-on track 212. The surrounding side walls 213 are enclosed by alloy plates. The dynamic dimming glass plate 22 is sealed and installed in the mounting groove 211. The photovoltaic panel 23 is installed in the snap-on track 212. The photovoltaic panel 23, the roof structure 1 and the overhead bracket 21 are enclosed to form a lower cavity 27. The dynamic dimming glass plate 22 is sealed and installed in the mounting groove 211. The photovoltaic panel 23 is installed in the snap-on track 212. The photovoltaic panel 23, the roof structure 1 and the overhead bracket 21 are enclosed to form a lower cavity 27. The photovoltaic panel 23 and the overhead support 21 enclose an upper cavity 28; the rotation drive device 24 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 23, including a stepper motor and a coupling, and is used to drive the photovoltaic panel 23 to rotate around the central axis, and the rotation angle adjustment range is 360°; the air inlet component 25 and the exhaust component 26 are respectively arranged on the side walls of the overhead support 21, and the air inlet component 25 and the exhaust component 26 both include pipes, valves, filters and fans;

[0038] The monitoring and control module includes a sensor cluster and a control unit; the sensor cluster includes a sun height sensor 31 and a first light intensity sensor 32 arranged above the overhead support side, a first temperature sensor 33 arranged indoors, and a second light intensity sensor 34 and a second temperature sensor 35 arranged in the upper cavity; the control unit is connected to and controls the rotating drive device 24, the transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel 22, the start and stop of the fan and the opening of the valve through a wireless connection.

[0039] In a specific implementation, the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 includes a surface protection coating 221, an upper glass layer 222, an electro-optical dimming layer 223 and a lower glass layer 224 from top to bottom; the surface protection coating 221 is a homopolymer with low surface energy, which can make the surface of the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 not easily contaminated by various liquids and dust; the electro-optical dimming layer 223 includes a dispersed particle type dimming film, which is used to change the transmittance according to the signal sent by the control unit; the transmittance τ(V) of the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 should meet the requirements as shown in the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] Where T0 is the ambient temperature in the upper cavity, °C; T max The maximum ambient temperature to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic panel is ℃; R is the unit light intensity temperature rise coefficient, ℃·m 2 / W;G o is the external light intensity, W / m 2 ;

[0042] Under typical conditions, the ambient temperature T0 in the upper cavity is 35°C, which ensures that the maximum ambient temperature T0 at which the photovoltaic panel can work normally is max The temperature rise coefficient per unit light intensity is 85℃, and R is 0.05℃·m 2 / W, external light intensity G o 1200W / m 2 , the transmittance τ(V) is calculated according to formula (1) as follows:

[0043]

[0044] That is, under this condition, the light transmittance τ(V) of the dimming glass plate 22 should be adjusted to be no higher than 0.83.

[0045] In a specific implementation, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 23 is preferentially supplied to the building roof thermal insulation system, and the surplus electricity is stored in a solid-state battery.

[0046] In a specific implementation, a flexible heat-insulating material layer is provided on the inner wall of the pipes of the air inlet assembly 25 and the air exhaust assembly 26 , and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the pipes and the overhead support 21 .

[0047] The second aspect of the present application discloses Figure 4 A construction method of a building roof thermal insulation system shown includes the following steps:

[0048] S100, pretreatment of the roof: cleaning the dust, oil stains and sharp objects on the surface of the roof structure 1, using a laser rangefinder to detect the flatness of the roof structure layer and using cement mortar for leveling, to ensure that the subsequent construction foundation is stable and the air flow smoothness of the lower cavity 27 is not affected;

[0049] S200, installation of the overhead support: fixing the base of the prefabricated overhead support 21 to the roof structure 1 through chemical anchor bolts, and welding a stainless steel flange at the reserved hole on the side wall of the overhead support 21;

[0050] S300, installation of photovoltaic panels: sliding the photovoltaic panels 23 along the snap-on track 212 into the middle layer of the overhead bracket 21, and connecting the wiring terminals through a waterproof junction box;

[0051] S400, installation of glass plate: hoisting the prefabricated dynamic dimming glass plate 22 and embedding it into the installation groove 211, padding the four corners with silicone rubber cushions, embedding rubber sealing strips at the joints to form a continuous glue seam;

[0052] S500, installation of ventilation components: connecting the pipes of the air inlet component 25 and the air exhaust component 26 to the overhead bracket 21 through flange bolts, sandwiching asbestos rubber gaskets between the flanges, and pasting a flexible insulation material layer on the inner wall of the air duct;

[0053] S600, deployment of monitoring control module: installing the sun altitude sensor 31 and the first light intensity sensor 32 in an unobstructed area above the side of the overhead bracket 21, installing the first temperature sensor 33 in the center of the indoor ceiling below the roof, and installing the second light intensity sensor 34 and the second temperature sensor 35 inside the upper cavity 28; the control unit is connected to the rotation drive device 24, the dynamic dimming glass panel 22, the fan and the valve by wireless connection;

[0054] S700, system function verification: simulating summer daytime, spring and autumn daytime, winter daytime and winter night working conditions, obtaining external light intensity, solar altitude angle, indoor ambient temperature, ambient temperature and light intensity in the upper cavity through the sensor cluster, and controlling the rotary drive device 24, the dynamic dimming glass panel 22, the fan and the valve through the control unit to verify whether the building roof thermal insulation system can operate normally.

[0055] In a specific implementation, in step S700, the verification of the function of the building roof thermal insulation system under various working conditions specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] S701, simulating summer daytime working conditions: reducing the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 to a minimum value, keeping the photovoltaic panel 23 at the initial rotation position, and turning on the air inlet assembly 25 and the air exhaust assembly 26 for ventilation;

[0057] S702, simulating the daytime working conditions in spring and autumn: dynamically adjusting the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 according to the external light intensity, keeping the photovoltaic panel 23 at the initial rotation position, and turning on the air inlet component 25 and the exhaust component 26 for ventilation;

[0058] S703, simulating winter daytime working conditions: increasing the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 to the maximum value, adjusting the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 23 according to the solar altitude angle, so that the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 23 is parallel to the sunlight incident angle 4, so that the sunlight passes through the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 and directly irradiates the roof structure 1;

[0059] S704, simulating winter night working conditions: resetting the photovoltaic panel 23 to the initial rotation position, closing the valves of the air inlet assembly 25 and the exhaust assembly 26, thereby forming an air insulation layer in the lower cavity 27 and the upper cavity 28.

[0060] It can be seen that by integrating the dynamic dimming glass panel and the photovoltaic panel into a double-functional layer structure, when the light intensity is too high during the summer daytime, the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to reduce the light transmittance, so that the light intensity after the sunlight passes through the dynamic dimming glass panel is reduced, thereby avoiding overload operation of the photovoltaic panel, and at the same time, the heat accumulated in the photovoltaic panel and its vicinity is discharged in time by strengthening the air circulation in the double-layer cavity; in spring and autumn, the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to keep the photovoltaic panel in a better working state; when heat preservation is needed at night in winter, the valve opening is controlled to form a closed air insulation layer in the double-layer cavity; when solar radiation heat is needed for indoor heating during the winter daytime, the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to increase the light transmittance, and at the same time, the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to be parallel to the solar altitude angle, so that the sunlight passes through the dynamic dimming glass panel and directly shines on the On the roof structure, solar radiation heat is used for indoor heating; according to the various monitoring data of sunlight and temperature obtained by the sensor cluster, the control module timely adjusts the transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel, the start and stop of the fan and the valve opening to achieve dynamic thermal balance of the building roof under various seasonal conditions; the structure of the overhead bracket separates the photovoltaic panel from the external environment, and the air flow in the double-layer cavity and the rotation of the photovoltaic panel itself are conducive to the removal of dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, keeping the photovoltaic panel clean and avoiding a significant decrease in insulation and power generation capacity; the protective coating on the surface of the dynamic dimming glass panel is conducive to maintaining the cleanliness of the surface; the prefabricated and assembled construction method of the overhead bracket, dynamic dimming glass panel and photovoltaic panel improves the construction efficiency and quality and meets environmental protection requirements; the application of snap-on tracks and rubber sealing strips ensures the accuracy and airtightness of the installation.

[0061] The above are one or more embodiments of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A building roof thermal insulation system, characterized in that: It includes a roof structure, an overhead thermal insulation structure and a monitoring and control module; the roof structure is the covering layer on the top of the building; the overhead thermal insulation structure is fixed on the roof structure, and includes an overhead bracket, a dynamic dimming glass panel, a photovoltaic panel, a rotating drive device, an air intake assembly and an exhaust assembly; The overhead bracket is a frame structure formed by splicing alloy profiles, with a mounting groove on the top layer and a rubber sealing strip embedded therein, a snap-on track on the middle layer, and the surrounding side walls are enclosed by alloy plates; the dynamic dimming glass plate is sealed and installed in the mounting groove; the photovoltaic panel is installed on the snap-on track; the photovoltaic panel, the roof structure and the overhead bracket form a lower cavity, and the dynamic dimming glass plate, the photovoltaic panel and the overhead bracket form an upper cavity; the rotating drive device is symmetrically installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel, including a stepping motor and a coupling, which is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the central axis, and the rotation angle adjustment range is 360°; the air inlet assembly and the exhaust assembly are respectively arranged on the side walls on both sides of the overhead bracket, and the air inlet assembly and the exhaust assembly both include pipes, valves, filters and fans; The monitoring and control module includes a sensor cluster and a control unit; the sensor cluster includes a sun altitude sensor and a first light intensity sensor arranged above the overhead support side, a first temperature sensor arranged indoors, and a second light intensity sensor and a second temperature sensor arranged in the upper cavity; the control unit is connected to and controls the rotation of the rotating drive device, the transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the start and stop of the fan and the opening of the valve through a wireless connection.

2. A building roof thermal insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic dimming glass plate includes, from top to bottom, a surface protection coating, an upper glass layer, an electro-optical dimming layer and a lower glass layer; the surface protection coating is a homopolymer with low surface energy, which can make the surface of the dynamic dimming glass plate less likely to be contaminated by various liquids and dust; the electro-optical dimming layer is used to change the transmittance according to the signal sent by the control unit.

3. A building roof thermal insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmittance τ(V) of the dynamic dimming glass panel should meet the requirements as shown in the following formula: Where T0 is the ambient temperature in the upper cavity, oC; T max To ensure the maximum ambient temperature when the photovoltaic panel can work normally, oC; R is the unit light intensity temperature rise coefficient, oC·m 2 / W;G o is the external light intensity, W / m 2 .

4. A building roof thermal insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panels is preferentially supplied to the building roof thermal insulation system, and the surplus electricity is stored in solid-state batteries.

5. A building roof thermal insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible heat-insulating material layer is provided on the inner wall of the pipes of the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly, and a sealing pad is provided at the connection between the pipes and the overhead support.

6. A construction method for a building roof thermal insulation system, characterized in that: A building roof thermal insulation system for use in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: S100, pretreatment of the roof: cleaning the dust, oil stains and sharp objects on the surface of the roof structure layer, using a laser rangefinder to detect the flatness of the roof structure layer and using cement mortar for leveling; S200, installing the overhead support: fixing the prefabricated base of the overhead support to the roof structure by chemical anchor bolts; S300, installing the photovoltaic panel: sliding the photovoltaic panel along the clip-on track into the middle layer of the overhead support; S400, installation of glass panels: hoisting the prefabricated dynamic dimming glass panels and embedding them into the installation grooves, padding the four corners with silicone rubber cushions, embedding rubber sealing strips at the joints to form continuous glue seams; S500, installation of ventilation components: connecting the pipes of the air inlet component and the air exhaust component to the overhead bracket through flange bolts, sandwiching asbestos rubber gaskets between the flanges, and pasting a flexible insulation material layer on the inner wall of the air duct; S600, deployment of monitoring control module: installing the sun altitude sensor and the first light intensity sensor in an unobstructed area above the side of the overhead support, installing the first temperature sensor in the center of the indoor ceiling below the roof, and installing the second light intensity sensor and the second temperature sensor inside the upper cavity; the control unit is connected to the rotation drive device, the dynamic dimming glass panel, the fan and the valve by wireless connection; S700, system function verification: simulate summer daytime, spring and autumn daytime, winter daytime and winter night working conditions, and obtain the external light intensity G through the sensor cluster o , solar altitude angle, indoor ambient temperature, ambient temperature T0 in the upper cavity and light intensity, and controlling the rotary drive device, the dynamic dimming glass panel, the fan and the valve by the control unit to verify whether the building roof thermal insulation system can operate normally.

7. A construction method for a building roof thermal insulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S700, the verification of the function of the building roof thermal insulation system under various working conditions specifically includes the following steps: S701, simulating summer daytime working conditions: reducing the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel to a minimum value, keeping the photovoltaic panel at an initial rotation position, and turning on the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly for ventilation; S702, simulating the daytime working conditions in spring and autumn: dynamically adjusting the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel according to the external light intensity, keeping the photovoltaic panel at the initial rotation position, and turning on the air inlet assembly and the exhaust assembly for ventilation; S703, simulating winter daytime working conditions: increasing the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass plate to the maximum value, adjusting the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the solar altitude angle, so that the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the solar altitude angle, so that sunlight passes through the dynamic dimming glass plate and directly irradiates the roof structure; S704, simulating winter night working conditions: resetting the photovoltaic panel to the initial rotation position, closing the valves of the air inlet assembly and the exhaust assembly, thereby forming an air insulation layer in the lower cavity and the upper cavity.

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