Urban traffic tunnel system giving consideration to civil air defense

Abstract

An urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system comprises a traffic tunnel, the traffic tunnel is used for passing of underground rail transit vehicles, the traffic tunnel comprises at least two one-way passing areas, a pedestrian transverse hole or at least one vehicle transverse hole is formed in at least one passing area, and the pedestrian transverse hole or at least one vehicle transverse hole is formed in at least one passing area. The pedestrian transverse hole and the vehicle transverse hole are arranged in different passing areas, and a temporary placement area is arranged in at least one passing area and used for shielding temporary personnel and placing temporary materials; a protective air-tight door used for sealing the transverse traffic hole is arranged in the transverse traffic hole, and a protective air-tight door used for sealing the transverse pedestrian hole is arranged in the transverse pedestrian hole. The urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system provided by the invention realizes the combination of the traffic tunnel and prevention and control requirements, fills the blank of the underground traffic tunnel and civil air defense field, improves the urban overall protection and comprehensive anti-destruction and disaster prevention capabilities, promotes the sustainable development of urban economy and society, and has very important significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to civil air defense engineering, and more specifically, to an urban traffic tunnel that also takes into account the civil air defense system. Background Art

[0002] The construction of urban underground transportation arteries and other underground projects should take into account the needs of civil air defense. Furthermore, the construction of civil air defense projects must be integrated with urban development. Underground space planning within urban planning should take into account the requirements of civil air defense and integrate them with urban underground space development to achieve a harmonious balance between peacetime and wartime. Therefore, ensuring that urban underground transportation tunnel construction takes into account the requirements of civil air defense is of great strategic and economic significance for further improving a city's overall protection and comprehensive anti-destruction and disaster prevention capabilities, and promoting the sustainable development of its economic and social development.

[0003] Currently, the overall scale and speed of development and utilization of underground transportation tunnels in my country's more developed regions are relatively fast, but the comprehensive utilization benefits of underground transportation tunnels need to be improved. For cities in my country with subways, there is still a lack of holistic, comprehensive, and scientific research on how to balance the construction of urban underground transportation tunnel facilities with the needs of civil air defense and effectively improve the city's comprehensive defense capabilities. At the technical and standard levels, the main problems are as follows:

[0004] 1. Technical standards for underground transportation tunnels that take into account both civil air defense and underground transportation tunnels have not yet been established at the national level or in related industries;

[0005] 2. The functional positioning of underground transportation tunnels, which also take into account civil air defense, is unclear;

[0006] 3. There is a lack of underground transportation tunnels that take into account the corresponding protective equipment, construction and quality evaluation standards of civil air defense projects. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (1) Technical issues

[0008] To sum up, how to propose a technical standard for the construction of urban underground transportation trunk lines that takes into account the needs of civil air defense, develop corresponding protective equipment, and compile and research civil air defense equipment testing standards, civil air defense project construction and acceptance standards, so as to promote the construction of urban underground transportation trunk lines that takes into account the needs of civil air defense, improve the comprehensive utilization benefits of urban underground transportation tunnels, promote the integrated development of underground transportation tunnel development and civil air defense construction, coordinate urban underground transportation tunnels and take into account civil air defense construction, ensure the safe and effective operation of the city, preserve war potential, and enhance the overall protection capabilities of the city, has become an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field.

[0009] (2) Technical solution

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] The present invention provides an urban traffic tunnel that also serves as a civil air defense system. In the present invention, the urban traffic tunnel that also serves as a civil air defense system includes a traffic tunnel, the traffic tunnel being used for the passage of underground rail transit vehicles, the traffic tunnel including at least two one-way traffic areas, at least one of which is provided with a pedestrian tunnel or at least one vehicle tunnel, the pedestrian tunnel and the vehicle tunnel being provided in different traffic areas, and at least one of which is provided with a temporary placement area for temporary sheltering of personnel and temporary placement of supplies.

[0012] A protective airtight door for closing the vehicle tunnel is provided in the vehicle tunnel, and a protective airtight door for closing the pedestrian tunnel is provided in the pedestrian tunnel.

[0013] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel provided by the present invention which also takes into account the civil air defense system, an isolation island is provided in the passage area where the vehicle cross tunnel is provided, and a plurality of the isolation islands are provided at intervals along the traffic extension direction of the passage area, and the vehicle cross tunnel is provided between adjacent isolation islands; in the passage area, the areas on both sides of the isolation island are one-way civil air defense evacuation main roads.

[0014] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel provided by the present invention and taking into account the civil air defense system, the passage area provided with the pedestrian tunnel is a two-way personnel and material transportation channel.

[0015] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel provided by the present invention and taking into account the civil air defense system, a ventilation channel is provided in the traffic tunnel, the ventilation channel is a closed channel, and a ventilation protection system is provided at the ventilation opening of the ventilation channel.

[0016] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system provided by the present invention, from the inside out, the ventilation protection system includes air inlet and exhaust airtight doors and clean air inlet and exhaust protection airtight doors.

[0017] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system provided by the present invention, the air inlet and exhaust protective closed doors and the clean air inlet and exhaust protective closed doors are both opened outwards.

[0018] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel provided by the present invention which also takes into account the civil air defense system, the traffic tunnel is provided with an entrance structure connected to the outside world, water pipes, cables and communication pipelines are reserved at the entrance structure, and a protective sealing structure is provided at the places where all pipelines pass through the entrance structure to seal the reserved water pipes, cables and communication pipelines.

[0019] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel provided by the present invention, which takes into account the civil air defense system, a chemical defense communication contact point is set in the traffic tunnel for internal equipment coordination, personnel and material control, and external communication information reception and feedback. There are multiple chemical defense communication contact points and they are spaced apart along the extension direction of the traffic tunnel.

[0020] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system provided by the present invention, the protective closed door arranged on the pedestrian tunnel is a steel structure, threshold-free, two-way force-bearing civil air defense door; the protective closed door arranged on the vehicle tunnel is a steel structure, threshold-free, two-way force-bearing double-leaf civil air defense door.

[0021] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system provided by the present invention, the temporary resettlement area is arranged on one side of the two-way personnel and material transportation channel, and the temporary resettlement area includes a temporary personnel sheltering area and a temporary material sheltering area, and the temporary personnel sheltering area and the temporary material sheltering area are staggered along the extension direction of the two-way personnel and material transportation channel.

[0022] Preferably, in the urban traffic tunnel provided by the present invention which takes into account the civil air defense system, the traffic tunnel is provided with an entrance structure connected to the outside world, and an entrance and exit civil air defense door that can adapt to large bidirectional slopes is provided on the entrance structure, and the entrance structure is indented inward by 8-12m relative to the traffic tunnel.

[0023] (3) Beneficial effects

[0024] From the above, it can be seen that the present invention provides a system for urban traffic tunnels taking into account civil air defense, which includes a traffic tunnel for the passage of underground rail transit vehicles, and the traffic tunnel includes at least two one-way traffic areas, at least one of which is provided with a pedestrian tunnel or at least one vehicle tunnel, the pedestrian tunnel and the vehicle tunnel are arranged in different traffic areas, and a temporary placement area is provided in at least one traffic area for the shelter of temporary personnel and the placement of temporary materials; a protective airtight door for closing the vehicle tunnel is provided in the vehicle tunnel, and a protective airtight door for closing the pedestrian tunnel is provided in the pedestrian tunnel. The system for urban traffic tunnels taking into account civil air defense proposed by the present invention realizes the combination of traffic tunnels and prevention and control requirements, and its design concept fills the gap in the field of underground traffic tunnels taking into account civil air defense. It is of great significance to do a good job in underground traffic tunnels taking into account civil air defense projects, to further improve the combat readiness, social and economic, and ecological benefits of civil air defense projects, to improve the overall protection and comprehensive anti-destruction and disaster prevention capabilities of cities, and to promote the sustainable development of urban economy and society. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings and the accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. Among them:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of an urban traffic tunnel with a pedestrian tunnel passage area in a civil air defense system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system provided with a vehicle cross-tunnel passage area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of the ventilation channel in an urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] exist Figures 1 to 3 , the corresponding relationship between component names and reference numerals is as follows:

[0030] Pedestrian tunnel 1, vehicle tunnel 2, isolation island 3, two-way personnel and material transportation channel 4,

[0031] Ventilation duct 5, air inlet and exhaust confidential closed door 6, clean air inlet and exhaust protective closed door 7, temporary personnel shelter area 8, temporary material shelter area 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations may be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention encompasses such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 ,in, Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of an urban traffic tunnel with a pedestrian tunnel passage area in a civil air defense system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system provided with a vehicle cross-tunnel passage area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of the ventilation channel in an urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The present invention provides a combined urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system. The system (hereinafter referred to as the combined urban traffic tunnel and civil air defense system) includes a traffic tunnel. The traffic tunnel can be an underground rail transit tunnel (such as an urban subway) or an underground vehicle tunnel (such as an urban underground traffic corridor). The traffic tunnel is used for the passage of underground rail transit vehicles or ordinary vehicles (such as subways or motor vehicles).

[0036] A traffic tunnel includes at least two one-way traffic areas. Generally, two one-way traffic areas are provided, one of which is used for forward vehicles and the other for reverse vehicles. In the prior art, partition walls, isolation islands 3, natural celestial bodies (for example, in a mountain tunnel, part of the mountain structure is generally retained to isolate the traffic areas on both sides) and other structures are provided between the one-way traffic areas to achieve separation between the traffic areas. At the same time, a pedestrian tunnel 1 or at least one vehicle tunnel 2 is provided in at least one of the traffic areas. The pedestrian tunnel 1 and the vehicle tunnel 2 are provided in different traffic areas. The pedestrian tunnel 1 is used for personnel evacuation, and the vehicle tunnel 2 is used for vehicles to pass between different traffic areas (for example, in a tunnel, if an accident occurs in front of a traffic area and the traffic area cannot be passed, the traffic flow can be relieved through the vehicle tunnel 2). A protective airtight door is provided in the vehicle tunnel 2 for closing the vehicle tunnel 2, and a protective airtight door is provided in the pedestrian tunnel 1 for closing the pedestrian tunnel 1. Generally, the protective airtight doors are used to close the vehicle tunnel 2 and the pedestrian tunnel 1 (i.e., the protective airtight doors are in a normally closed state). In the present invention, a temporary accommodation area is provided in at least one passage area for temporary shelter of personnel and temporary accommodation of supplies.

[0037] Specifically, within the traffic area where the vehicular tunnel 2 is located, a barrier island 3 is provided. The barrier island 3 is a large isolation structure that can separate the traffic areas. Multiple barrier islands 3 are arranged at intervals along the traffic extension direction of the traffic area, and a vehicular tunnel 2 is provided between adjacent barrier islands 3. At the same time, within the traffic area, the areas on both sides of the barrier island 3 are one-way civil air defense evacuation routes.

[0038] The present invention designs the passage area with a pedestrian tunnel 1 as a two-way personnel and material transportation channel 4, that is, the present invention artificially divides a passage area that was originally a one-way passage into a material transportation passage that can realize two-way passage of personnel and materials. That is, under certain circumstances, the present invention can change the one-way passage mode to a two-way passage mode for personnel and materials.

[0039] Specifically, the present invention provides a ventilation duct 5 within the traffic tunnel, with a ventilation protection system installed at the vent of the ventilation duct 5. Furthermore, from the inside out, the ventilation protection system includes air inlet and exhaust confidentiality doors 6 and clean air inlet and exhaust protective sealing doors 7. Both the air inlet and exhaust confidentiality doors 6 and the clean air inlet and exhaust protective sealing doors 7 open outward. Furthermore, the traffic tunnel is provided with an entrance structure connecting to the outside world, with water pipes, cables, and communication lines reserved at the entrance structure. Protective sealing structures are installed at all pipelines passing through the entrance structure to seal the reserved water pipes, cables, and communication lines.

[0040] In addition to changing the traffic mode in the passage area, the present invention also sets up a temporary resettlement area for the sheltered placement of personnel and materials. At the same time, the present invention sets up a chemical defense communication contact point in the traffic tunnel for internal equipment coordination, personnel and material control, and external communication information reception and feedback. There are multiple chemical defense communication contact points and they are spaced along the extension direction of the traffic tunnel. Among them, the temporary resettlement area is set on one side of the two-way personnel and material transportation channel 4. The temporary resettlement area includes a temporary personnel shelter area 8 and a temporary material shelter area 9. The temporary personnel shelter area 8 and the temporary material shelter area 9 are staggered along the extension direction of the two-way personnel and material transportation channel 4.

[0041] Specifically, the protective closed door arranged on the pedestrian tunnel 1 is a steel structure, threshold-free, two-way force-bearing civil defense door.

[0042] Specifically, the protective closed door arranged on the vehicle tunnel 2 is a steel structure, threshold-free, two-way force-bearing double-leaf civil defense door.

[0043] Furthermore, the traffic tunnel is provided with an entrance structure connected to the outside world, and an entrance and exit civil defense door that can adapt to large slopes in both directions is provided on the entrance structure. The entrance structure is indented 8-12m inward relative to the traffic tunnel.

[0044] The urban traffic tunnel civil air defense system project provided by this invention is a pioneering research project. During the research and design process, it focused on demonstrating and solving the following problems. On this basis, it proposed defense requirements and design standards, protective equipment atlas, quality inspection standards and protective project completion acceptance standards that not only meet the tactical and technical requirements and the needs of civil air defense project construction, but also meet the local characteristics of subway construction.

[0045] 1. Address the pre-war access and exit of personnel and supplies. Based on the project's specific surrounding environmental conditions and the project's scale, maximize the use of existing tunnel entrances and internal pedestrian tunnels 1 and 2. Entrance and exit locations and forms should be rationally determined, ensuring pre-war access for personnel through a variety of means. For newly built traffic tunnels, entrance protection should be designed and constructed in conjunction with normal tunnel functions, and the entrance should be set back approximately 10 meters into the tunnel. Specific design requirements are as follows: a. Determine the civil air defense equipment at the tunnel entrance, ensuring unimpeded vehicle access, and installing steel-structured, double-leaf civil air defense doors without thresholds. b. Determine the civil air defense equipment at the internal pedestrian tunnel 1, ensuring unimpeded access for personnel within the tunnel, and installing steel-structured, double-leaf ...

[0046] 2. Ensure ventilation within the project. Given the large scale of the project, the complex and diverse wartime functions, and the limited ventilation openings, we propose ways and measures to ensure the required internal environment without affecting the tunnel's normal ventilation. These measures include the establishment of an enlarged enclosed passage at the tunnel entrance, the development of clean air intake and exhaust protective closed doors, and air intake and exhaust confidential closed doors. These doors are normally opened to ensure unimpeded ventilation during normal times, and closed just before combat. Switching between clean ventilation and isolation protection is performed according to varying wartime operating conditions.

[0047] 3. Research and propose a plan for converting protective functions during wartime. Given the large cross-sectional dimensions of tunnel projects, develop a simple, safe, reliable, and easy-to-construct method and corresponding technical measures for converting protective functions from peacetime to wartime. Develop modular standard protective equipment based on different tunnel cross-sectional forms. To minimize the time required to convert protective functions from peacetime to wartime, designate enclosed passages at the entrances. Simply shutting down protective equipment before a battle can meet protection requirements.

[0048] 4. Address the protection issues at the tunnel entrance and the entrances of internal pedestrian tunnel 1 and vehicle tunnel 2, as well as the protection and sealing of water pipes, cables, and drainage trenches at the entrances. Water pipes, cables, and communication pipelines should be reserved in advance at the tunnel entrance, and appropriate protection and sealing measures should be taken when passing through protective and sealed walls. Internal pedestrian tunnel 1 and vehicle tunnels should be equipped with two-way force-bearing protective and sealed doors.

[0049] 5. Solve the problems of supporting facilities such as wind, water, electricity, and external command and communication facilities within the project during wartime. By setting up chemical defense communication contact points in appropriate areas within the tunnel, internal equipment coordination, personnel and material control, and external communication information reception and feedback can be solved.

[0050] 6. Study the adaptability of entrance and exit protection equipment to engineering construction conditions. In order to solve the impact of road slope on the setting of entrance and exit civil air defense doors, develop an entrance and exit civil air defense door that can adapt to large two-way slopes.

[0051] 7. Taking into account the extreme disaster situation of urban waterlogging, the flood prevention requirements are comprehensively considered when developing equipment. Combined with the chemical defense and ventilation requirements, entrance and exit civil defense doors that integrate flood prevention, protection and ventilation functions are developed. Combined with the actual operating conditions, fully automatic control equipment is provided as an alternative solution.

[0052] 8. Considering the high humidity and salinity in the coastal environment, high-performance anti-corrosion coatings are used on the developed equipment to increase the service life of the equipment and reduce maintenance costs.

[0053] From the above, it can be seen that the present invention provides an urban traffic tunnel that takes into account the civil air defense system. The system includes a traffic tunnel, which is used for the passage of underground rail transit vehicles. The traffic tunnel includes at least two one-way traffic areas, and at least one of the traffic areas is provided with a pedestrian tunnel 1 or at least one vehicle tunnel 2. The pedestrian tunnel 1 and the vehicle tunnel 2 are arranged in different traffic areas. A temporary resettlement area is provided in at least one traffic area for sheltering temporary personnel and placing temporary materials; a protective and sealed door for closing the vehicle tunnel 2 is provided in the vehicle tunnel 2, and a protective and sealed door for closing the pedestrian tunnel 1 is provided in the pedestrian tunnel 1. The urban traffic tunnel combined with civil air defense system proposed in the present invention realizes the combination of traffic tunnels and prevention and control requirements. Its design concept fills the gap in the field of underground traffic tunnels combined with civil air defense. It is of great significance to the implementation of underground traffic tunnel combined with civil air defense projects, to further improve the combat readiness, social, economic and ecological benefits of civil air defense projects, to improve the overall protection and comprehensive anti-destruction and disaster prevention capabilities of the city, and to promote the sustainable development of the urban economy and society.

[0054] This invention stipulates that when designing ventilation for emergency civil air defense projects (such as internal ventilation for urban traffic tunnels), appropriate protective ventilation methods should be adopted based on different wartime functions. Emergency personnel shelters should be equipped with clean ventilation and internal circulation ventilation for isolation protection. Emergency material shelters and emergency communication passages only need to be equipped with isolation protection and do not require a wartime ventilation system. Internal circulation ventilation for isolation protection can be achieved using the normal ventilation system.

[0055] The present invention also stipulates the basic requirements for the fresh air volume, isolation protection time, CO2 allowable volume concentration and O2 volume concentration of the emergency personnel shelter. Considering the large per capita shelter area, the provisions of the present invention are slightly stricter than those of GB50225 "Design Code for Civil Air Defense Engineering". Specifically, the present invention stipulates a method for calculating the isolation protection time of emergency civil air defense engineering during wartime. According to trial calculations, the ventilation volume before isolation protection is not less than 5m 3 / (P·h), and the allowable volume concentration of CO2 and the volume concentration of O2 in the project meet the requirements of the present invention, the calculated isolation protection time of the emergency personnel shelter shall not be less than 4 hours.

[0056] The present invention specifies the process design of the protective ventilation system of emergency civil air defense projects. The clean air intake system should generally be equipped with explosion-proof valves or other wave-breaking equipment and oil mesh dust filters at the air inlet. Pressure differential measuring tubes should be installed on both sides of the oil mesh dust filters. The pressure differential measuring tubes should be made of DN15 hot-dip galvanized steel pipes, and copper ball valves should be installed at the ends. When the clean ventilation mode is used, the wartime exhaust system should be equipped with explosion-proof valves and sealing facilities. Electric ventilators should be installed in emergency personnel shelters, and energy-saving and low-noise products should be used for ventilators. When the power supply is not guaranteed for the wartime emergency material shelter, isolation protection can be adopted. Since the temporary material warehouse has a large space and fewer people, the basic survival requirements of personnel can be met under isolation protection conditions, so ventilators do not need to be installed. When the pipeline passes through the enclosure structure of the emergency civil air defense project (top plate, exterior wall, air-facing wall, protective unit partition wall), certain protective sealing measures must be taken. It is required to be able to withstand shock waves of a certain pressure and prevent toxic agents (nuclear, biological and chemical warfare agents) from entering through the pipe penetration point; when the pipeline passes through a closed partition wall, only sealing measures need to be taken. After testing, valves with a nominal pressure of not less than 1.0MPa meet the protective sealing requirements of the pipeline. Explosion-proof valves only have the function of preventing shock waves and cannot prevent nuclear, biological and chemical warfare agents from penetrating into the project through the pipeline. Therefore, protective valves should be gate valves or stop valves. Closing the protective valve within the 1d time limit of the emergency conversion can cut off the connection between the pipeline and the outside world to prevent shock waves and nuclear, biological and chemical warfare agents from entering the project through the pipeline.

[0057] For protective ventilation, the protective ventilation design in the present invention should comply with the following provisions:

[0058] a) Emergency personnel shelters should be equipped with clean ventilation and internal circulation ventilation for isolation protection;

[0059] b) Emergency material shelters and emergency communication passages should be equipped with isolation protection, and wartime ventilation systems may not be installed.

[0060] The wartime design parameters of the emergency personnel shelter of the present invention should meet the following requirements:

[0061] a) The fresh air volume for indoor personnel during wartime should be no less than 5m 3 / (P·h);

[0062] b) During isolation protection, the allowable indoor CO2 volume concentration should not be greater than 2.5%, and the O2 volume concentration should not be less than 18%.

[0063] The isolation protection time of the emergency personnel shelter can be checked according to the following formula:

[0064] τ=1000V0(C-C0) / (n·C1)

[0065] Where: τ——isolation protection time (h);

[0066] V0——Volume of the clean area of ​​the protection unit (m 3 );

[0067] C——When isolated and protected, the allowable volume concentration of CO2 in the room (%) should not exceed 2.5%;

[0068] C0 - before isolation protection, the initial indoor CO2 concentration (%) should not exceed 0.45%;

[0069] C1——the amount of CO2 exhaled per person per hour in the protective unit (L / (P·h)), which can be taken as 20;

[0070] n——The actual number of people shielded in the clean area during isolation protection (P).

[0071] In the present invention, the protective ventilation system of the emergency personnel shelter should comply with the following provisions:

[0072] a) The clean air intake system should be equipped with an explosion-proof valve and an oil screen dust filter. Pressure differential measuring tubes should be installed on both sides of the oil screen dust filter. The pressure differential measuring tubes should be made of DN15 hot-dip galvanized steel pipes, and a copper ball valve should be installed at the end;

[0073] b) When using clean ventilation, the wartime exhaust system should be equipped with explosion-proof valves and sealing facilities;

[0074] c) Internal circulation ventilation during isolation protection can be set up using the normal ventilation system;

[0075] d) The airflow organization of the wartime ventilation system should ensure air flow throughout the entire protection unit.

[0076] Regarding the water supply inside the tunnel: The self-supplied internal water source of the emergency civil air defense project refers to the water source located within the enclosure and in a clean area. The water intake structure for the self-supplied internal water source should be a pipe well. Emergency civil air defense projects that use municipal water sources on a regular basis and also have their own internal water source must take isolation measures to prevent the two water sources from interfering with each other. Internal water storage tanks (tanks) are not considered internal water sources in this document. The storage capacity of drinking water should be calculated and determined based on the number of people sheltered in each protection unit, the drinking water volume standard, and the storage time.

[0077] Regarding tunnel drainage: To prevent accidents like rainwater backflow, emergency civil air defense projects should utilize mechanical drainage. Wartime drainage pumps are classified as secondary power loads. If the project has a self-contained power station, powered by a reliable power station in the civil air defense area, the wartime power supply is considered guaranteed, and a hand-cranked drainage pump is not required. Each defense unit requires independent internal equipment systems, so the wartime drainage system must also be independent. During the isolation period, to prevent the infiltration of toxic agents through various gaps in the civil air defense enclosure, the indoor air pressure must be maintained higher than the outdoor pressure. If drainage is allowed to the outside during this period, the internal space of the civil air defense project will increase, reducing air density, making it difficult to maintain overpressure and even creating negative pressure, allowing toxic agents to infiltrate. The regulating volume refers to the volume between the pump's lowest suction level and the pump's starting level; the reserve volume refers to the volume between the pump's starting level and the tank's highest water level. During the isolation period, domestic sewage is stored in the reserve volume. Because wartime sewage tanks have small volumes and domestic sewage retains for a short time, venting pipes are essential to prevent harmful gases from accumulating to concentrations that pose safety risks. This avoids direct connection to the outdoors to facilitate construction and management during wartime, while meeting certain hygiene and safety requirements, and to enhance safety. Sumps that collect non-domestic sewage, such as firefighting drainage and groundwashing drainage, may not require venting pipes during normal times.

[0078] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An urban traffic tunnel that also takes into account the civil air defense system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a traffic tunnel, the traffic tunnel is used for the passage of underground rail transit vehicles, the traffic tunnel comprises at least two one-way passage areas, at least one of the passage areas is provided with a pedestrian tunnel (1) or at least one vehicle tunnel (2), the pedestrian tunnel and the vehicle tunnel are arranged in different passage areas, and at least one of the passage areas is provided with a temporary placement area for sheltering temporary personnel and placing temporary materials; A protective airtight door for closing the vehicle tunnel is provided in the vehicle tunnel, and a protective airtight door for closing the pedestrian tunnel is provided in the pedestrian tunnel.

2. The urban traffic tunnel combined with the civil air defense system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An isolation island (3) is arranged in the passage area where the vehicle tunnel is arranged, and a plurality of isolation islands are arranged at intervals along the traffic extension direction of the passage area, and the vehicle tunnel is arranged between adjacent isolation islands; In the passage area, the areas on both sides of the isolation island are one-way civil air defense evacuation roads.

3. The urban traffic tunnel combined with the civil air defense system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The passage area provided with the pedestrian tunnel is a two-way personnel and material transportation channel (4).

4. The urban traffic tunnel combined with the civil air defense system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A ventilation channel (5) is arranged in the traffic tunnel, and the ventilation channel is a closed channel. A ventilation protection system is arranged at the ventilation opening of the ventilation channel.

5. The urban traffic tunnel combined with the civil air defense system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: From the inside to the outside, the ventilation protection system includes air inlet and exhaust airtight doors (6) and clean air inlet and exhaust protection airtight doors (7); Preferably, the air inlet and exhaust protective sealing doors and the clean air inlet and exhaust protective sealing doors both open outwards.

6. The urban traffic tunnel combined with the civil air defense system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The traffic tunnel is provided with an entrance structure connected to the outside world, water pipes, cables and communication pipelines are reserved at the entrance structure, and a protective closed structure is provided at the place where all pipelines pass through the entrance structure to seal the reserved water pipes, cables and communication pipelines.

7. The urban traffic tunnel combined with the civil air defense system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A chemical defense communication contact point is set in the traffic tunnel for internal equipment coordination, personnel and material control, and external communication information reception and feedback. There are multiple chemical defense communication contact points and they are spaced along the extension direction of the traffic tunnel.

8. The urban traffic tunnel combined with the civil air defense system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The protective closed door arranged on the pedestrian tunnel is a steel structured, threshold-free, two-way force-bearing human defense door; The protective closed door arranged on the vehicle cross tunnel is a steel structure, threshold-free, two-way force-bearing double-leaf civil defense door.

9. The urban traffic tunnel combined with the civil air defense system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The temporary accommodation area is arranged on one side of the two-way personnel and material transportation channel, and the temporary accommodation area includes a temporary personnel sheltering area (8) and a temporary material sheltering area (9). The temporary personnel sheltering area and the temporary material sheltering area are staggered along the extension direction of the two-way personnel and material transportation channel.

10. The urban traffic tunnel combined with civil air defense system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The traffic tunnel is provided with an entrance structure connected to the outside, and an entrance and exit civil defense door adaptable to large bidirectional slopes is provided on the entrance structure. The entrance structure is indented 8-12m inwardly relative to the traffic tunnel.

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