Narrow coal pillar two-way opposite anchoring device and using method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal pillar anchoring, and provides a narrow coal pillar two-way opposite anchoring device which comprises an outer sleeve rod, an inner sleeve rod and an outer sleeve rod, the anchor fluke mechanism comprises a supporting unit connected to the outer sleeve rod, the supporting unit is connected with at least one anchor fluke, and the side, away from the outer sleeve rod, of the anchor fluke is connected with the supporting unit through an elastic unit; the inner rotating rod is arranged in the outer sleeve rod, and one end of the inner rotating rod is connected with the anchor fluke in a clamped mode so that the anchor fluke can be switched between the unfolded state and the folded state; wherein in the contraction state, the inner rotating rod is clamped with the end part of the anchor fluke, and in the expansion state, the inner rotating rod is separated from the end part of the anchor fluke, so that the elastic unit drives the anchor fluke to expand; construction of the opposite-pulling device can be completed on one side of the coal pillar, and operation is easy and convenient; by means of the rubber ferrule and the threaded fixing end which are arranged on the outer sleeve rod in a sleeving mode, harmful gas can enter the gob-side entry driving in the section from a gap between the anchor rod and a drill hole, potential safety hazards are eliminated, and the safety of workers is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal pillar anchoring, and in particular relates to a narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, small coal pillars have become the main form of normal continuation of working faces in most mining areas in my country. After the upper section working face is mined, a stress reduction zone appears due to the influence of support pressure. When driving along the goaf in the stress reduction zone, although the surrounding rock is in the stress reduction zone, secondary cracks in the coal body are developed, the strength is seriously damaged, and the edges on both sides of the small coal pillars are easy to loosen and break. In the process of driving, it is necessary to combine the fragmentation characteristics of the coal body on the side of the coal pillar to explore the coal pillar posture stability control method of bidirectional anchor.

[0003] The existing side support forms of narrow coal pillars in small coal pillars along goaf roadways are mainly concentrated in the support forms such as high-strength threaded steel anchors and long anchor cable reinforcement support. The above-mentioned support forms are all one-way constrained support. In goaf roadways with small coal pillars where the degree of development of coal body fissures is low and the movement and deformation of the two sides of the small coal pillars are low, they can provide greater support resistance to the coal pillars, maintain the integrity of the small coal pillars, and better control the deformation and instability of the coal pillars. However, after the mining of the upper section working face is completed, the coal side anchors are withdrawn and the edges of the two sides of the small coal pillars are easy to loosen and break. The above-mentioned support forms cannot well control the posture of the coal pillars, which may easily lead to large deformation and instability on the sides of the coal pillars during goaf roadways.

[0004] However, some existing bidirectional tension anchor devices cannot complete the construction of the tension anchor on one side of the coal pillar, which makes the operation difficult. Moreover, they cannot prevent harmful gases such as gas in the goaf of the upper section working face from entering the goaf-side tunnel in this section through the gap between the anchor and the drill hole, which poses certain safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device and a use method to solve the above-mentioned problems of great difficulty in operation and certain safety hazards.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: a narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device, comprising:

[0007] a jacket rod configured to pass through a drilled hole in the coal pillar;

[0008] The fluke mechanism comprises a support unit connected to the outer casing rod, the support unit is connected to at least one fluke, and the fluke is connected to the support unit via an elastic unit at a side away from the outer casing rod;

[0009] An inner rotating rod is arranged inside the outer rod, and one end of the inner rotating rod is engaged with the fluke, so that the fluke can be switched between an extended state and a retracted state;

[0010] Wherein, in the retracted state, the inner rotating rod is engaged with the end of the fluke, and in the deployed state, the inner rotating rod is separated from the end of the fluke, so that the elastic unit drives the fluke to deploy.

[0011] Preferably, the outer rod is sleeved and threadedly connected to the outer side of the inner rotating rod, a top block is fixed to one end of the inner rotating rod, and the top block abuts against the fluke.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes:

[0013] The anchor claw retracting sheath is fixed at one end of the outer sleeve rod; the anchor claws are provided with two, which are rotatably connected in the anchor claw retracting sheath through a rotating shaft, and the support unit is fixed to the end of the anchor claw retracting sheath away from the coal pillar through a connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, a non-return structure is further provided in the fluke retracting sheath, and the non-return structure is fixed in the fluke retracting sheath close to one end of the fluke to limit the rotation of the fluke.

[0015] Preferably, a receiving cavity is further provided in the fluke, a telescopic claw block is slidably connected in the receiving cavity, an inner spring is fixedly connected between the telescopic claw block and the receiving cavity, and the telescopic claw block contacts the top block at a side away from the inner spring.

[0016] Preferably, the elastic unit comprises two springs, one end of which is fixed to the supporting unit, and the other end of which is fixed to a side of the fluke away from the outer casing rod.

[0017] Preferably, the outer sleeve rod is further provided with a threaded fixing end at one end away from the fluke retracting sheath, and the threaded fixing end comprises:

[0018] A tray is sleeved on the outer sleeve rod away from one end of the anchor claw retractable sheath and in contact with the coal pillar;

[0019] The nut is threadedly connected to one end of the outer sleeve rod away from the fluke retraction sheath and contacts with a side of the tray away from the fluke retraction sheath.

[0020] Preferably, the tray is provided with an annular protrusion on one side close to the coal pillar, the annular protrusion is provided with a chamfer on one side close to the coal pillar, the annular protrusion is inserted into the drill hole, and the annular protrusion closes the drill hole on the coal pillar.

[0021] Preferably, a protrusion is further provided on the outer sleeve rod, a rubber ring is fixed to one side of the protrusion, the protrusion is used to limit the rubber ring, and the rubber ring is used to close the drill hole.

[0022] A method for using a narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device, the construction steps comprising:

[0023] Insert the outer casing rod into the drilling position on the coal pillar, and pass the anchor claw retracting sheath out of the end of the drilling hole;

[0024] Fix the outer rod and rotate the inner rotating rod, the inner rotating rod squeezes the top block, the top block squeezes the telescopic claw block back into the accommodating cavity, and the anchor claw automatically opens under the action of the spring;

[0025] Pull the end of the outer rod to move the tension anchor rod as a whole along the axial direction of the borehole toward the tunnel until the anchor claw is close to the wall of the coal pillar;

[0026] Put the tray and nut on the end of the outer rod, and then tighten the nut.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0028] The present invention controls the anchor claw of the anchor claw clamping part at the other end by directly controlling the outer casing rod, so that the construction of the pulling device can be completed on one side of the coal pillar, and the operation is simple and convenient; through the rubber ring and the threaded fixed end sleeved on the outer casing rod, it can effectively prevent the gas and other harmful gases in the goaf of the upper section working face from entering the goaf-side tunnel in this section through the gap between the anchor rod and the drill hole, thereby eliminating safety hazards and ensuring the safety of the workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the anchor claw is deployed;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the anchor device and the coal pillar;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the full cross-section structure of the anchor device;

[0034] Among them, 1. outer rod; 2. anchor claw retraction sheath; 2-1, anchor claw; 3. connecting rod; 4. support unit; 5. spring; 6. anti-return structure; 7. rubber ring; 8. coal pillar; 9. tray; 10. nut; 11. drilling hole; 12. inner rotating rod; 13. top block; 14. telescopic claw block; 15. rotating shaft; 16. inner spring; 17. protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example: Refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 A bidirectional anchoring device for a narrow coal pillar comprises: an outer rod 1, which is configured to pass through a bore 11 on a coal pillar 8; an anchor claw mechanism, which comprises a support unit 4 connected to the outer rod 1, to which is connected at least one anchor claw 2-1, and the anchor claw 2-1 is connected to the support unit 4 away from the outer rod 1 through an elastic unit; an inner rotating rod 12, which is arranged in the outer rod 1, and one end of the inner rotating rod 12 is engaged with the anchor claw 2-1, so that the anchor claw 2-1 can switch between an extended state and a retracted state; wherein, in the retracted state, the inner rotating rod 12 is engaged with the end of the anchor claw 2-1, and in the extended state, the inner rotating rod 12 is separated from the end of the anchor claw 2-1, so that the elastic unit drives the anchor claw 2-1 to extend.

[0038] The present invention controls the anchor claw 2-1 of the anchor claw clamping part at the other end by directly controlling the outer casing rod, so that the construction of the pulling device can be completed on one side of the coal pillar 8, and the operation is simple and convenient; through the rubber ring 7 and the threaded fixed end sleeved on the outer casing rod 1, it can effectively prevent the gas and other harmful gases in the goaf of the upper section working face from entering the goaf-side tunnel in this section through the gap between the anchor rod and the drill hole, thereby eliminating safety hazards and ensuring the safety of the workers.

[0039] The outer rod 1 is sleeved and threadedly connected to the outside of the inner rotating rod 12, and a top block 13 is fixed at one end of the inner rotating rod 12, and the top block 13 abuts against the anchor claw 2-1. It also includes: an anchor claw retracting sheath 2, which is fixed to one end of the outer rod 1; two anchor claws 2-1 are provided, which are rotatably connected in the anchor claw retracting sheath 2 through a rotating shaft 15, and a support unit 4 is fixed to the end of the anchor claw retracting sheath 2 away from the coal pillar 8 through a connecting rod 3; in addition, some parts between the outer rod 1 and the inner rotating rod 12 are threadedly connected to ensure that the two will not be separated from each other.

[0040] The inner rotating rod 12 is provided with an easy-rotation portion at one end away from the anchor claw clamping portion. The easy-rotation portion is a plurality of planes cut out at the end away from the anchor claw clamping portion. When rotating, the inner rotating rod 12 can be twisted by clamping the plane of the easy-rotation portion with a vise or other tools.

[0041] A non-return structure 6 is also provided in the fluke retracting sheath 2. The non-return structure 6 is fixed in the fluke retracting sheath 2 at one end close to the fluke 2-1 to limit the rotation of the fluke 2-1.

[0042] The fluke 2 - 1 is also provided with a receiving cavity, in which a telescopic claw block 14 is slidably connected, an inner spring 16 is fixedly connected between the telescopic claw block 14 and the receiving cavity, and the telescopic claw block 14 is in contact with the top block 13 on the side away from the inner spring 16 .

[0043] The elastic unit includes two springs 5, one end of which is fixed to the supporting unit 4, and the other end of which is fixed to the side of the fluke 2-1 away from the outer sleeve rod 1.

[0044] A threaded fixing end is also provided at one end of the outer sleeve 1 away from the anchor claw retraction sheath 2, and the threaded fixing end includes: a tray 9, which is sleeved on the end of the outer sleeve 1 away from the anchor claw retraction sheath 2 and contacts the coal pillar 8; a nut 10, which is threadedly connected to the end of the outer sleeve 1 away from the anchor claw retraction sheath 2 and contacts the side of the tray 9 away from the anchor claw retraction sheath 2.

[0045] The anchor claw 2-1 has an upper side with an upwardly inclined bevel and a lower side with a horizontal straight edge. Its function is to maintain a good mechanical posture of the anchor claw 2-1 so that it can be closely attached to the wall of the coal pillar 8. The thickness of the anchor claw 2-1 is 5 to 8 mm and the length is 100 to 150 mm.

[0046] The shape of the anchor claw retracting sheath 2 is that the upper part has two side hollows (its function is to facilitate the turning out of the anchor claw), and the lower part is a round sleeve shape that can be connected with the tail of the anchor rod outer casing with fine threads. The total outer diameter of the anchor claw retracting sheath 2 is 3 to 5 mm larger than the diameter of the inner rotating rod 12 and 3 to 5 mm smaller than the diameter of the borehole 11. The total length of the anchor claw retracting sheath 2 is 200 to 250 mm.

[0047] The tray 9 is provided with an annular protrusion on one side close to the coal pillar 8 . The annular protrusion is provided with a chamfer on one side close to the coal pillar 8 . The annular protrusion is inserted into the drill hole 11 . The annular protrusion closes the drill hole 11 on the coal pillar 8 .

[0048] The outer sleeve rod 1 is also provided with a protrusion 17 , a rubber ring 7 is fixed to one side of the protrusion 17 , the protrusion 17 is used to limit the rubber ring 7 , and the rubber ring 7 is used to close the drill hole 11 .

[0049] Among them, when installing the overall device, the protrusion 17 can limit the rubber ring 7, so that the rubber ring 7 is not easily misplaced and can reach the designated position smoothly, so that the device can effectively prevent harmful gases such as gas in the goaf of the upper section working face from entering the goaf-side excavation tunnel in this section through the gap between the anchor rod and the drill hole, eliminating safety hazards and ensuring the safety of the staff.

[0050] In addition, the rubber ring 7 is pre-installed on one end of the outer casing rod 1 near the anchor claw clamping portion. The length of the rubber ring is 100 to 400 mm, the outer diameter of the rubber ring is 2 to 10 mm, and the total diameter of the rubber ring is equal to the diameter of the borehole. The function of the rubber ring is to prevent toxic gases such as gas in the goaf of the upper section from entering the goaf-side tunnel in this section through the gap between the outer casing rod 1 and the borehole 11 after the construction of the outer casing rod is completed.

[0051] A method for using a narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device, the construction steps comprising:

[0052] Insert the outer casing rod 1 into the borehole 11 on the coal pillar 8, and pass the anchor claw retractable sheath 2 out of the end of the borehole 11;

[0053] Fix the outer rod 1 and rotate the inner rotating rod 12, the inner rotating rod 12 squeezes the top block 13, the top block 13 squeezes the telescopic claw block 14 back into the accommodating cavity, and the anchor claw 2-1 is automatically expanded under the action of the spring 5;

[0054] Specifically, after the inner rotating rod 12 is rotated, the top block 13 at the end of the inner rotating rod 12 squeezes the telescopic claw block 14 to retract into the accommodating cavity. At this time, the fluke 2-1 immediately rebounds under the pulling force of the spring 5, so that the fluke 2-1 is unfolded. After the fluke 2-1 is unfolded, the telescopic claw block 14 in the accommodating cavity pops out again.

[0055] In addition, the fluke 2-1 automatically expands and contacts the anti-return structure 6, and the fluke 2-1 reaches a vertical position with the fluke retracting sheath 2;

[0056] Pull the end of the outer rod 1 to move the tension anchor rod as a whole along the axial direction of the borehole 11 toward the tunnel until the anchor claw 2-1 is close to the wall of the coal pillar;

[0057] A tray 9 and a nut 10 are placed on the end of the outer sleeve rod 1, and then the nut 10 is tightened.

[0058] The diameter of the bore hole 11 is not larger than the diameter of the rubber ring 7 , and the total outer diameter of the fluke retractable sheath 2 is not larger than the diameter of the bore hole 11 .

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0060] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional anchoring device for narrow coal pillars, characterized in that: include: A casing rod (1) configured to pass through a borehole (11) in a coal pillar (8); The fluke mechanism comprises a support unit (4) connected to the outer casing rod (1), the support unit (4) being connected to at least one fluke (2-1), and the fluke (2-1) being connected to the support unit (4) via an elastic unit on a side away from the outer casing rod (1); An inner rotating rod (12) is arranged inside the outer rod (1), and one end of the inner rotating rod (12) is engaged with the fluke (2-1) so that the fluke (2-1) can be switched between an extended state and a retracted state; Wherein, in the retracted state, the inner rotating rod (12) is engaged with the end of the fluke (2-1), and in the deployed state, the inner rotating rod (12) is separated from the end of the fluke (2-1), so that the elastic unit drives the fluke (2-1) to deploy.

2. A narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer rod (1) is sleeved and threadedly connected to the outside of the inner rotating rod (12); a top block (13) is fixed to one end of the inner rotating rod (12); and the top block (13) abuts against the fluke (2-1).

3. A narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: The anchor claw retracting sheath (2) is fixed to one end of the outer sleeve rod (1); the anchor claws (2-1) are provided with two, which are rotatably connected in the anchor claw retracting sheath (2) via a rotating shaft (15); the support unit (4) is fixed to the end of the anchor claw retracting sheath (2) away from the coal pillar (8) via a connecting rod (3).

4. A narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A non-return structure (6) is also provided in the fluke retracting sheath (2). The non-return structure (6) is fixed in the fluke retracting sheath (2) close to one end of the fluke (2-1) and is used to limit the rotation of the fluke (2-1).

5. A narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anchor claw (2-1) is also provided with a receiving cavity, a telescopic claw block (14) is slidably connected in the receiving cavity, an inner spring (16) is fixedly connected between the telescopic claw block (14) and the receiving cavity, and the telescopic claw block (14) is in contact with the top block (13) on the side away from the inner spring (16).

6. A narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic unit comprises two springs (5), one end of which is fixed to the support unit (4), and the other end of which is fixed to the side of the fluke (2-1) away from the outer sleeve rod (1).

7. A narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer sleeve rod (1) is also provided with a threaded fixing end at one end away from the fluke retracting sheath (2), and the threaded fixing end comprises: A tray (9) is sleeved on the outer sleeve (1) and is away from one end of the anchor claw retractable sheath (2), and is in contact with the coal pillar (8); The nut (10) is threadedly connected to an end of the outer sleeve (1) away from the fluke retracting sheath (2) and is in contact with a side of the tray (9) away from the fluke retracting sheath (2).

8. A narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tray (9) is provided with an annular protrusion on one side close to the coal pillar (8), the annular protrusion is provided with a chamfer on one side close to the coal pillar (8), the annular protrusion is inserted into the drill hole (11), and the annular protrusion closes the drill hole (11) on the coal pillar (8).

9. A narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer sleeve rod (1) is also provided with a protrusion (17), a rubber ring (7) is fixed to one side of the protrusion (17), the protrusion (17) is used to limit the rubber ring (7), and the rubber ring (7) is used to close the drill hole (11).

10. A method for using a narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device, used for using the narrow coal pillar bidirectional anchoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The construction steps include: Inserting the outer casing rod (1) into the position of the drill hole (11) on the coal pillar (8), and passing the anchor claw retracting sheath (2) out of the end of the drill hole (11); The outer rod (1) is fixed and the inner rotating rod (12) is rotated, the inner rotating rod (12) squeezes the top block (13), the top block (13) squeezes the telescopic claw block (14) to retract into the accommodating cavity, and the anchor claw (2-1) is automatically expanded under the action of the spring (5); Pull the end of the outer rod (1) to move the tension anchor rod as a whole along the axial direction of the borehole (11) inwardly toward the tunnel until the anchor claw (2-1) is in close contact with the wall of the coal pillar; A tray (9) and a nut (10) are placed on the end of the outer rod (1), and then the nut (10) is tightened.

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