Reverse thread self-locking assembly

Abstract

The reverse thread self-locking assembly is used for axially locking a component located on the periphery of a shaft and comprises a locking nut, a check ring and an anti-rotating ring, the locking nut comprises an annular body and a journal outer ring axially extending from the annular body, the annular body comprises a first internal thread face, the journal outer ring comprises a second internal thread face and an annular groove, and the anti-rotating ring is arranged in the annular body. The first internal thread surface is used for being in threaded fit with the periphery of a shaft; the check ring is clamped with the annular groove; the anti-rotating ring is arranged between the check ring and the annular body and comprises an outer circumferential face used for being in threaded fit with the second inner threaded face. And threads of the first internal thread surface and the second internal thread surface are arranged in opposite directions. According to the assembly, the axial locking effect on the axial component can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aviation engines, and in particular to a mechanical locking and positioning device. Background Art

[0002] The aircraft engine is the power unit of the aircraft and one of the determining factors of the aircraft's performance. It is called the heart of the aircraft. As the power source of the aircraft engine, the transmission system must not only transmit torque but also axial force, and even various loads such as radial force. The transmission gearbox is a key component of the aircraft engine. As a kinetic energy conversion device, it drives the normal operation of the engine and the aircraft's starting system, fuel system, lubricating oil system, power generation system, hydraulic system and other major accessories. Its performance directly affects the operation of the aircraft engine.

[0003] With the further accelerated development of aircraft engines, the transmission aircraft engine structure is developing towards gear transmission engines, variable cycle engines, multi-electric engines, intercooled regenerative engines and open rotor engines. As the performance indicators of aircraft engines continue to improve, the speed and input power of the rotating parts of the gearbox components are also increasing, so the load on the transmission system in the gearbox components is also gradually increasing.

[0004] The transmission gearbox mainly adopts the gear meshing and spline matching structure. The gear shaft relies on the bearing for support and positioning. The bearing supporting the gear shaft and the gear meshing with the gear shaft generally need to be axially locked. The traditional gear or bearing locking and positioning device is a deformation locking device, which relies on the locking plate that undergoes plastic deformation and cooperates with the nut to complete the locking of the gear or bearing. However, this method has problems such as complex installation process and difficult disassembly, and also has a high replacement cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a reverse thread self-locking assembly.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a reverse thread self-locking assembly is used for axially locking components located on the outer periphery of a shaft, and includes a locking nut, a retaining ring and an anti-rotation ring. The locking nut includes an annular main body and a shaft neck outer ring axially extending from the annular main body, the annular main body includes a first internal thread surface, the shaft neck outer ring includes a second internal thread surface and an annular groove, the first internal thread surface is used to cooperate with the outer peripheral thread of the shaft; the retaining ring is engaged with the annular groove; the anti-rotation ring is arranged between the retaining ring and the annular main body, and includes an outer peripheral surface for threadably cooperating with the second internal thread surface; wherein the threads of the first internal thread surface and the second internal thread surface are arranged in reverse.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the anti-rotation ring further includes an inner circumferential surface, a positioning pin is provided on the inner circumferential surface, and an anti-rotation groove cooperating with the positioning pin is provided on the outer circumferential side of the shaft.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, a positioning hole for accommodating the positioning pin is provided on the inner circumferential surface, and an elastic member cooperating with the positioning pin is also provided in the positioning hole.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the positioning pin includes a head and a pin rod, the head is located radially inward, and the elastic member is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pin rod.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the head includes a positioning anti-rotation inclined surface, and the anti-rotation ring includes a matching inclined surface matching with the positioning anti-rotation inclined surface.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the assembly further includes a bushing that is detachably disposed within the inner circumference of the anti-rotation ring and radially presses the positioning pin.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the outer ring of the shaft neck of the locking nut further includes a notch.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the components include bearings and / or gears.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, the retaining ring is made of elastic material.

[0015] In one or more embodiments, an operating notch is provided on the anti-rotation ring.

[0016] The above reverse thread self-locking assembly cooperates with the gear shaft through the locking nut through the thread, and through the locking nut and the retaining ring located on both sides of the anti-rotation ring axially, the reverse thread setting of the first internal thread surface and the second internal thread surface is used. The reverse thread structure itself has a reverse restraining effect, and the two-way forces offset each other, relatively static, and start the locking effect, thereby causing the assembly itself to produce self-locking, thereby achieving a locking and positioning effect. In addition, after the above locking and positioning device is installed, it can be easily disassembled and re-used, and the gap can also be slightly adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the traditional locking and positioning structure;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the axial locking and positioning assembly;

[0020] Figure 3 It is the overall schematic diagram of the axial locking and positioning assembly;

[0021] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking nut;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-rotation ring;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the positioning pin;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram when the bushing and the anti-rotation ring are in a matched state;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of locking the locking nut and the gear shaft;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the locking nut after it is installed into the anti-rotation ring and bushing;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning pin engaging the gear shaft;

[0028] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining ring after it is installed into the locking nut;

[0029] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Fig.13 It is the principle diagram of double reverse thread self-locking;

[0031] Fig.14 It is a force analysis diagram of double reverse thread self-locking. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings. More details are elaborated in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in a variety of other ways different from the description herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations and deductions based on actual application situations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0033] It should be noted that these and other subsequent drawings are only examples and are not drawn to scale, and should not be used to limit the actual scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the gearbox accessories of the traditional structure adopt a deformation locking device, the nut 1 and the gear shaft 4 are threaded, and the axial locking is performed by the cooperation of the locking plate and the nut 1, and the anti-rotation stop is performed by the plastic deformation of the locking plate. It cannot be fine-tuned after assembly, and the number of assemblies is limited. Generally, the locking plate must be replaced after 2 assemblies. Therefore, this axial locking method has the disadvantages of high replacement cost and weak workpiece independence. At the same time, it is also prone to problems such as inaccurate positioning and easy loosening due to harsh operating space conditions. In addition, other locking and positioning devices sometimes fail to lock accurately or are limited by space, resulting in inadequate locking.

[0035] The reverse thread self-locking assembly 3 described in the present disclosure is used to achieve the axial self-locking function by means of the reverse thread, and then axially lock the components located on the outer periphery of the shaft. The shaft includes but is not limited to shaft structures such as the gear shaft 4, and the components on the outer periphery include but are not limited to bearings (not shown in the figure) and / or gears sleeved on the outer periphery of the shaft. In the following content, the reverse thread self-locking assembly 3 is further introduced by taking the gear shaft 4 and the positioning gear 5 as examples.

[0036] Reference Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the reverse thread self-locking assembly 3 includes a locking nut 301 , an anti-rotation ring 302 and a retaining ring 304 .

[0037] Lock nut 301 Figure 4 As shown, it includes an annular body 311 and a journal outer ring 312 extending axially from the annular body 311, the annular body 311 includes a first internal thread surface 313, the journal outer ring 312 includes a second internal thread surface 314 and an annular groove 315, and the first internal thread surface 313 is used to cooperate with the outer peripheral thread of the gear shaft 4. The locking nut 301 is a main part of the reverse thread self-locking assembly 3, which is an annular structure. The locking nut 301 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the gear shaft 4, and the positioning gear 5 to be locked is located on its axial side.

[0038] The retaining ring 304 is engaged with the annular groove 315 on the shaft journal outer ring 312 .

[0039] The anti-rotation ring 302 is disposed between the retaining ring 304 and the annular body 311. Figure 5 As shown, it includes an outer peripheral surface 321 for threading with the second inner thread surface 314. That is, the annular body 311, the anti-rotation ring 302 and the retaining ring 304 are sequentially distributed along the axial direction, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 and Fig.12 shown.

[0040] The threads of the first internal thread surface 313 and the second internal thread surface 314 are arranged in opposite directions, so that the threads of the mating surface of the first internal thread surface 313 and the gear shaft 4 and the threads of the mating surface of the second internal thread surface 314 and the anti-rotation ring 302 are in opposite directions.

[0041] In this way, when the thread is loose, the rotation direction of the annular body 311 and the retaining ring 304 is opposite to the rotation direction of the anti-rotation ring 302, and the anti-rotation ring 302 is axially limited by the annular body 311 and the retaining ring 304 on both sides, and the retaining ring 304 is assembled in the annular groove 315 on the outer ring 312 of the shaft neck, effectively preventing the axial distance between the locking nut 301 and the anti-rotation ring 302 from increasing, thereby preventing the locking nut 301 from loosening and achieving the locking purpose. Therefore, the reverse thread self-locking assembly 3 can make full use of the characteristics of the reverse thread to achieve self-locking, thereby fixing the relative distance position, which is convenient, reliable and stable.

[0042] The retaining ring 304 is preferably made of elastic material to facilitate disassembly.

[0043] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the outer ring 312 of the shaft neck of the locking nut 301 also includes a notch 317 for observing the assembly of various components. In this way, the anti-rotation ring 302, the retaining ring 304, etc. are all contained inside the locking nut 301, which has good inclusiveness and effectively saves the space of the gear box; it is also beneficial to the circulation of the lubricating oil of the gear box and reduces the splashing of the lubricating oil, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the gear box, and at the same time, it can effectively reduce the vibration of the gear box.

[0044] In some embodiments, the anti-rotation ring 302 further includes an inner circumferential surface 322, on which a positioning pin 324 is disposed, and an anti-rotation groove (not shown in the figure) is disposed on the outer circumference of the gear shaft 4 to cooperate with the positioning pin 324. A positioning hole is disposed on the inner circumferential surface 322 to accommodate the positioning pin 324, and an elastic member 326 is disposed in the positioning hole 325 to cooperate with the positioning pin. Figure 5 to Figure 6 shown.

[0045] The positioning pin 324 includes a head 3242 and a pin rod 3241. The head 3242 is located radially inward. The elastic member 326 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pin rod 3241, and uses its own elasticity to push the anti-rotation pin 324 out of the positioning hole 325. The head 3242 includes a positioning anti-rotation inclined surface 3243. The anti-rotation ring 302 includes a matching inclined surface 3245 that matches the positioning anti-rotation inclined surface 3243. The matching inclined surface 3245 is provided by the boss 327. The cooperation of the two inclined surfaces limits the radial movement of the head 324, and limits the maximum radial displacement of the positioning pin 324. Figure 6 shown.

[0046] In order to realize the extension and retraction of the positioning pin 324, the assembly further includes a bushing 303, which is detachably arranged in the inner circumference 322 of the anti-rotation ring 302. Figure 7As shown, the positioning pin 324 is radially squeezed. In this way, the anti-rotation ring 302 is provided with a bushing 303, and the bushing 303 squeezes the inner circumference 322 to squeeze the positioning pin 324 into the positioning hole 325; when the bushing 303 is removed, the positioning pin 324 radially extends under the action of the elastic 326, and cooperates with the anti-rotation groove on the gear shaft 4 for anti-rotation positioning, instead of using the traditional locking nut device to adjust the rotation angle of the locking nut to prevent rotation and cooperate with the anti-rotation positioning between the locking plate and the gear shaft.

[0047] When installing the reverse thread self-locking assembly 3 onto the gear shaft 4, first install the bushing 303 into the anti-rotation ring 302, so that the bushing 303 and the anti-rotation ring 302 form an integral part, and the gear shaft 4 extends into the bushing 303 and is screwed into the locking nut 301 through the thread. Fig. 9 As shown. Since it is a threaded connection, it is only necessary to consider the position of the anti-rotation pin corresponding to the anti-rotation groove on the gear shaft 4, which can be adjusted freely without rotating the locking nut 301 again, so that accurate locking positioning can be achieved.

[0048] Then, the bushing 303 is removed, and the positioning pin 324 extends radially under the action of the elastic member 326 and is stuck in the anti-rotation groove on the gear shaft 4. As a result, the positioning pin 324, the elastic member 326 and the bushing 303 cooperate with each other, and the spring pushes the anti-rotation pin and the anti-rotation groove of the gear shaft to perform anti-rotation stopping, thereby realizing the assembly anti-rotation effect of the reverse threaded self-locking component.

[0049] When disassembling the anti-rotation ring 302, the bushing 303 needs to be installed into the anti-rotation ring 302 to prevent the positioning pin 324 from extending and release the anti-rotation function. Then, the locking nut 301 is rotated to disassemble the gear shaft assembly and complete the disassembly.

[0050] In this way, the four parts of the reverse thread self-locking assembly each play a specific role: the locking nut 301 and the gear shaft 301 are threadedly matched; the anti-rotation ring 302 is also threadedly matched with the locking nut 301, and can move axially freely through rotation. The bushing 303 plays a role in protecting the anti-rotation ring 302 before installation and limiting the positioning pin 324, and also plays a role in limiting the positioning pin 324 during disassembly; the retaining ring 304 is assembled in the annular groove 315 of the locking nut 301, and together with the annular body 311 of the locking nut 301, the anti-rotation ring 302 is axially positioned to prevent the locking nut 301 and the anti-rotation ring 302 from axially moving in the opposite direction, and the self-locking function is realized by means of the reverse thread setting of the first internal thread surface 313 and the second internal thread surface 314.

[0051] by Fig.13 and Fig.14For example, the locking nut 301 is right-handedly threadedly connected to the gear shaft 4, and the anti-rotation ring 302 is left-handedly threadedly connected to the locking nut 301. If the connection between the locking nut 301 and the gear shaft 4 is loose, it will rotate leftward away from the gear positioning surface, resulting in locking failure, causing the anti-rotation ring 302 to rotate rightwardly away from the second inner thread surface of the locking nut 301 and withdraw, causing the locking nut 301 to move away from the anti-rotation telescopic clamping ring assembly 302, and the retaining ring 304 will axially limit the anti-rotation ring 302.

[0052] Fig.14 The force analysis of the anti-rotation ring 302 is shown. When the locking of the locking nut 301 fails, it is relatively far away from the anti-rotation ring 302. The force principle of the left-hand thread is: when the thread is subjected to force F, it is decomposed into radial force F1 and axial force F2. F1 is offset by the reaction force of the positioning pin 324, and F2 is offset by the reaction force of the retaining ring 304, so that the rotation cannot continue to occur, and finally the locking nut 301 cannot be loosened, realizing 360-degree locking without angle difference, ensuring that it and the entire gear shaft remain relatively stationary.

[0053] In some embodiments, the anti-rotation ring 302 is further provided with a plurality of operating notches 329, such as Figure 5 As shown, the installation and separation of the bushing 303 is facilitated.

[0054] In summary, the above-mentioned reverse thread self-locking assembly has the following advantages: since the locking and positioning device adopts threaded connection to the mating part, when in working state, the deformation of the mating shaft after heating is relatively small. Under high speed state, the deformation of the gear shaft is small, and the dynamic balance value is relatively small, which will reduce vibration, extend the service life of the bearing, and reduce the temperature rise generated by the locking and positioning device; the threaded structure also has a certain sealing effect, effectively plays the role of blocking the flow of lubricating oil, effectively prevents the appearance of closed oil chambers, and thus effectively reduces the risk of damage to related parts caused by increased oil temperature; since the anti-rotation pin of the anti-rotation device is continuously pressed and contacted by the spring, it can continuously and effectively perform the anti-rotation effect, and can also maintain the radial uniform force of the threaded connection to prevent uneven force on the thread and damage to the thread; since the connecting thread between the nut and the shaft is a right-hand thread, the anti-rotation device and the locking nut are The female connection is a left-hand thread, and the two threads are in opposite directions. The reverse thread structure has a reverse restraining effect. The two-way forces cancel each other out, and the relative stillness starts the locking effect. Compared with the traditional method, it avoids the frequent use and replacement of the locking plate and the angle requirement of the internal retaining ring locking plate. In conjunction with the locking device proposed in the present invention, the reverse double-thread restraining characteristics are fully utilized to keep the relative position between the locking nut and the anti-rotation device absolutely still, eliminating the axial looseness of the locking device on the gear shaft. The assembly is simple, the operating environment (space) requirements are low during assembly and disassembly, and it is easy to replace. After installation, the position of the gear or bearing is accurately locked, the installation time is shortened, and the working stability of the gear shaft is improved. Even under high-speed operation conditions, the loose threads between the components can be avoided to cause the positioning device to fail, thereby improving the reliability of the positioning device.

[0055] The present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0056] Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reverse thread self-locking assembly for axially locking a component located on the outer periphery of a shaft, characterized in that: include: A locking nut, comprising an annular body and a shaft neck outer ring extending axially from the annular body, wherein the annular body comprises a first internal thread surface, the shaft neck outer ring comprises a second internal thread surface and an annular groove, and the first internal thread surface is used to cooperate with the outer peripheral thread of the shaft; a retaining ring engaged with the annular groove; and an anti-rotation ring, disposed between the retaining ring and the annular body, comprising an outer peripheral surface for threadedly mating with the second internal thread surface; Wherein, the threads of the first internal thread surface and the second internal thread surface are arranged in opposite directions.

2. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-rotation ring also includes an inner circumferential surface, a positioning pin is provided on the inner circumferential surface, and an anti-rotation groove cooperating with the positioning pin is provided on the outer circumferential side of the shaft.

3. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning hole for accommodating the positioning pin is provided on the inner peripheral surface, and an elastic member cooperating with the positioning pin is also provided in the positioning hole.

4. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning pin comprises a head and a pin rod, the head is located radially inward, and the elastic member is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pin rod.

5. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The head includes a positioning anti-rotation inclined surface, and the anti-rotation ring includes a matching inclined surface matching with the positioning anti-rotation inclined surface.

6. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The assembly also includes a bushing which is detachably arranged in the inner circumference of the anti-rotation ring and radially presses the positioning pin.

7. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the shaft neck of the locking nut also includes a notch.

8. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components include bearings and / or gears.

9. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining ring is made of elastic material.

10. The reverse thread self-locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: An operating notch is arranged on the anti-rotation ring.

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