Model test device and method for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading

Abstract

The invention discloses a model test device and method for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, the device comprises a model box, a reaction frame, a first actuation loading unit and a loading mechanism, the reaction frame is detachably connected to the top end of the model box and can move in the Y-axis direction relative to the model box, the first actuation loading unit and the loading mechanism are both installed on the reaction frame, and the loading mechanism is detachably connected to the top end of the model box and can move in the Y-axis direction relative to the model box. The first actuation loading unit is arranged to be capable of injecting the TLP shared anchor into the model box in a static pressure manner according to the test depth, and the loading mechanism is arranged to be capable of applying loading forces with different loading angles to the TLP shared anchor. The test device can simulate the injection, static loading and dynamic loading processes of the TLP shared anchor in soil under different site conditions and different loading conditions; meanwhile, all necessary data can be accurately collected and analyzed, the failure mode and the bearing mechanism of the TLP shared anchor in different soil layers and different sharing modes can be known, and a basis is provided for use of the TLP shared anchor in an actual scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power generation, and in particular to a model test device and method for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading. Background Art

[0002] Offshore wind power construction and development is a key area in response to the country's low-carbon green energy development and the group company's new energy transformation. At present, offshore wind power is constantly developing from offshore to deep sea, which makes floating wind turbines have huge development potential. The floating wind turbine uses a mooring system to constrain the floating structure of the wind turbine above the sea surface, which is the guarantee of the safe and stable operation of the floating wind turbine. At present, the construction cost of floating wind turbines is relatively high. The unit kilowatt construction cost is about twice that of fixed wind power internationally, and 3-4 times that of fixed wind power in China. The mooring system is expensive, accounting for about 1 / 4 of the total construction cost. Reducing the cost of the mooring system to improve the economic competitiveness of floating wind power has become a research hotspot in recent years.

[0003] Usually, offshore floating wind turbines are connected to the mooring anchor foundation embedded in the seabed through a mooring system and then fixed. When there are a large number of wind turbines, dozens or even hundreds of anchor foundations will be configured, and the construction and installation costs are high, which increases the overall investment of the entire wind turbine project and seriously restricts the construction of floating wind power projects. The "TLP Shared Anchoring System" can connect multiple mooring cables to one mooring anchor foundation and provide sufficient bearing capacity. This solution greatly reduces the number of anchor foundations at the wind farm site, reduces the economic investment of floating wind power projects, and effectively promotes the development of floating wind power.

[0004] Tension leg platform (TLP) is a type of floating platform commonly used for floating wind turbines. At present, the failure mode and bearing mechanism of TLP shared anchors in different soil layers and different sharing modes are unclear. It is unclear how much bearing capacity TLP shared anchors can provide in actual working scenarios, which affects the reasonable use of TLP shared anchors in actual scenarios.

[0005] Therefore, a model test device and method for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, namely, to solve the problems that the failure modes and bearing mechanisms of the existing TLP shared anchors in different soil layers and different sharing modes are unclear, and it is unclear how much bearing capacity the TLP shared anchors can provide in actual working scenarios, which affects the reasonable use of the TLP shared anchors in actual scenarios.

[0007] To this end, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a model test device for simulating the penetration and loading of a TLP shared anchor, comprising a model box, a reaction frame, a first actuation loading unit, and a loading mechanism. The top of the model box is open, and the model box is used to be filled with a soil bed to simulate a soil layer. The reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move along the Y-axis direction relative to the model box. The first actuation loading unit and the loading mechanism are both installed on the reaction frame. The first actuation loading unit is configured to be able to statically penetrate the TLP shared anchor into the model box according to the test depth, and the loading mechanism is configured to be able to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different magnitudes to the TLP shared anchor.

[0008] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, the reaction frame is a gantry structure, and the reaction frame includes a crossbeam and two columns, the two columns are respectively connected to the two ends of the top of the model box and can move along the Y-axis direction, the crossbeam spans the opening of the model box and can be detachably fixedly connected to different parts of adjacent columns to adjust the height of the crossbeam relative to the model box, and the first actuating loading unit is installed on the crossbeam and can move along the length direction of the crossbeam.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating the penetration and loading of TLP shared anchors, the loading mechanism includes a second actuating loading unit and a pulley system, the second actuating loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the columns, the pulley system is installed on the beam and can move along the length direction of the beam, and the second actuating loading unit cooperates with the pulley system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the TLP shared anchor at different points.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, the first actuation loading unit includes a first servo actuator, a first locking mechanism and an extension rod. The first servo actuator can be locked at different positions in the length direction of the beam through the first locking mechanism. The output end of the first servo actuator is sequentially connected to a first force sensor, a conversion flange and an extension rod. The first force sensor is located below the beam.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, the crossbeam is provided with a slideway opening for allowing the first servo actuator to pass through, and the first locking mechanism includes a first upper top plate, a first lower bottom plate and a first connecting member, the first upper top plate is placed on the top end of the crossbeam, the first lower bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the crossbeam, the first servo actuator is mounted on the first lower bottom plate, and the first upper top plate and the first lower bottom plate are clamped on the crossbeam by a first connecting member to lock the first servo actuator.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating the penetration and loading of the TLP shared anchor, the second actuation loading unit includes a locking plate, at least three second servo actuators and a second force sensor, the locking plate is detachably fixedly connected to the side wall of one of the columns, at least three second servo actuators are installed on the locking plate at different heights and in parallel, the output end of the second servo actuator is sequentially connected to the second force sensor, the conversion joint and the wire rope, the wire rope bypasses the pulley system and is connected to the TLP shared anchor, the third force sensor is connected to the wire rope close to the TLP shared anchor, and at least three second servo actuators cooperate with the pulley system at the same time to apply multiple different loading angles and loading forces of different sizes to the TLP shared anchor through the wire rope.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating the penetration and loading of the TLP shared anchor, the pulley system includes a second locking mechanism, a vertical plate and a pulley. The vertical plate can be locked at different positions in the length direction at the bottom of the beam through the second locking mechanism. The vertical plate is equipped with pulleys with the same number as the second servo actuators and the same corresponding positions. The wire rope passes around the corresponding pulley and is connected to the TLP shared anchor.

[0014] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned model test device simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, the second locking mechanism includes a second upper top plate, a second lower bottom plate and a second connecting piece, the second upper top plate is placed on the top end of the beam, the second lower bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the beam, the vertical plate is fixed to the bottom of the second lower bottom plate, and the second upper top plate and the second lower bottom plate are clamped on the beam by a second connecting piece to lock the vertical plate.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the model test device simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, an entrance and exit are provided at the front end of the model box, a baffle is detachably fixedly connected to the front end of the model box to seal the entrance and exit, and waterproof glue is applied between the baffle and the front end of the model box.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a model test method for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, which is based on the model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading described in any one of the first aspects, and the model test method comprises: Assembling the model box, and filling the model box with a crushed stone cushion layer and a soil bed; Placing the TLP shared anchor at a test point in the model box, and aligning the TLP shared anchor by moving the reaction frame and the first actuation loading unit; Control the first actuation loading unit to statically penetrate the TLP shared anchor to the test depth according to the set loading speed, and collect relevant parameter data during the penetration process; After the static pressure penetration is completed, the first actuation loading unit is controlled to be separated from the TLP shared anchor, and the reaction frame is moved again to align the second actuation loading unit with the TLP shared anchor, and then the pulley system is moved along the length direction of the beam to reach the set loading angle, and then the wire rope in the second actuation loading unit is passed around the pulley system to connect with the TLP shared anchor; Controlling the first actuation loading unit to load the TLP shared anchor according to a set loading mode, and recording relevant parameter data during the loading process; After loading is completed, the connection with the TLP shared anchor is removed, and then the reaction frame is moved to align the first actuation loading unit with the TLP shared anchor so that the TLP shared anchor can be pulled out by the first actuation loading unit.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can select soil beds of different types and relative densities to be placed in the model box during the test, and can study the penetration, static loading and dynamic loading processes of TLP shared anchors under different soil conditions (static loading refers to monotonic loading, and dynamic loading refers to cyclic loading); the present invention can select displacement-controlled or force-controlled loading methods, and can simulate different shared anchor loading conditions, so that the test analysis is more comprehensive; during the test, the present invention can collect important data such as penetration depth, penetration force, cyclic loading force and cyclic loading displacement during the whole process of continuous penetration of the TLP shared anchor through various sensors, so as to ensure the reliability of the test; the present invention can clearly understand the failure mode and bearing mechanism of the TLP shared anchor in different soil layers and different sharing modes, and provide a theoretical basis for the use of the TLP shared anchor in actual scenarios.

[0018] 2. The reaction frame is directly installed on the top of the model box. The reaction frame does not need to occupy additional ground, which reduces the space occupied by the model experimental device after installation. At the same time, the reaction frame and the model box are designed to be detachably connected, which is more flexible to use.

[0019] 3. The pulley system designed in the loading mechanism can move along the length direction of the beam. By changing the position of the pulley system on the beam, the inclination angles of multiple loading forces applied to the TLP shared anchor can be adjusted simultaneously. This not only meets the loading requirements in different directions, but also makes the adjustment method simple and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading provided by the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the model test device in a loaded state; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view of the .

[0021] List of reference numerals: 1-1, model box; 1-2, baffle; 2, reaction frame; 2-1, column; 2-2, beam; 2-3, third connecting piece; 2-4, fixing bolt; 2-5, slide rail; 2-6, slider; 3, drainage hole; 4, gravel cushion; 5, soil bed; 6-1, first servo actuator; 6-2, first force sensor; 6-3, conversion flange; 6-4, extension rod; 6-5, connecting bolt; 7-1, first upper top plate; 7-2, first screw rod; 7-3, first lower bottom plate; 8-1, second upper Servo actuator; 8-2, second force sensor; 8-3, conversion joint; 8-4, third force sensor; 9-1, second middle servo actuator; 10-1, second lower servo actuator; 11-1, locking plate; 11-2, fourth connecting piece; 12-1, second upper top plate; 12-2, second screw rod; 12-3, vertical plate; 12-4, upper pulley; 12-5, middle pulley; 12-6 lower pulley; 12-7, second lower bottom plate; 13, TLP shared anchor; 14, intelligent control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the system or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define components, only for the convenience of distinguishing the above components, and unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meanings and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] The present invention relates to the field of offshore wind power generation technology, and in particular to a model test device and method for simulating the penetration and loading of a TLP shared anchor. The purpose is to solve the problem that the failure mode and bearing mechanism of the TLP shared anchor in different soil layers and different sharing modes are unclear, and it is unclear how much bearing capacity the TLP shared anchor can provide in actual working scenarios, which affects the reasonable use of the TLP shared anchor in actual scenarios. For this purpose, the present invention provides a model test device and method for simulating the penetration and loading of a TLP shared anchor, including a model box, a reaction frame, a first actuation loading unit, and a loading mechanism. The top of the model box is open, and a soil bed is filled in the model box to simulate the soil layer for placing the TLP shared anchor. The reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move along the Y-axis direction relative to the model box. The first actuation loading unit and the loading mechanism are both installed on the reaction frame. The first actuation loading unit is configured to be able to statically penetrate the TLP shared anchor into the model box according to the test depth. The loading mechanism is configured to be able to apply different loading angles and different loading forces to the TLP shared anchor. The present invention can simulate the penetration, static loading and dynamic loading process of the TLP shared anchor in the soil under different site conditions and different loading conditions (including static and dynamic loading under force control and displacement control conditions), and can accurately collect and analyze various necessary data. Force control refers to controlling the force magnitude of the TLP shared anchor, and displacement control is controlling according to the displacement of the TLP shared anchor.

[0026] Hereinafter, a model test device and method for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading provided by an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] See also Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a model test device for simulating the penetration and loading of a TLP shared anchor 13, comprising a model box 1-1, a reaction frame 2, a first actuation loading unit, and a loading mechanism. The top of the model box 1-1 is open, and the model box 1-1 is filled with a soil bed 5 for simulating a soil layer for placing the TLP shared anchor 13. The bottom of the reaction frame 2 is detachably connected to the top of the model box 1-1 and can move along the Y-axis direction relative to the model box 1-1. The first actuation loading unit and the loading mechanism are both installed on the reaction frame 2. The first actuation loading unit is configured to be able to statically penetrate the TLP shared anchor 13 into the model box 1-1 according to a test depth, and the loading mechanism is configured to be able to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different sizes to the TLP shared anchor 13.

[0028] In this application, if Figure 1 As shown, the front-to-back direction of the model box 1-1 is the Y-axis direction. The top of the model box 1-1 is designed with an opening not only for placing soil into the model box 1-1 to form the soil bed 5, but also for penetrating the TLP shared anchor 13 into the soil bed 5. The bottom of the model box 1-1 has four water inlets, one of which is on the bottom surface and the other three are on the lower part of the side wall, which can allow water to enter and exit from the bottom of the box, thereby making it easier to fully saturate the soil bed 5.

[0029] The soil bed 5 inside the model box 1-1 is prepared by a layered compaction method, the principle of which is to divide the soil bed 5 into several layers and compact them in sequence, and control the compaction thickness of each layer of soil by calculating the weight and moisture content of each layer of soil. After multiple compactions, a uniform soil bed 5 can be prepared. The saturated sand bed 5 can be prepared by saturating the bottom with water after the dry sand bed 5 is prepared. Before the preparation of the soil bed 5, a crushed stone cushion layer 4 needs to be laid at the bottom of the model box 1-1, the function of which is to reduce the disturbance of the soil body when the soil body is saturated and to prevent the soil from being carried out during drainage; a drainage valve is set outside the model box 1-1, the function of which is to saturate the soil bed 5 with water, and to drain the water after the experiment is completed.

[0030] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 The front end of the model box 1-1 is provided with an entrance and an exit, and the front end of the model box 1-1 is detachably fixedly connected with a baffle 1-2 to block the entrance and exit, and waterproof glue is applied between the baffle 1-2 and the front end of the model box 1-1. The setting of the entrance and exit makes it more convenient to prepare the soil bed 5 and dig out the soil bed 5 after the test. Apply waterproof glue to prevent water from flowing out of the assembly gap when the water is saturated.

[0031] In the above embodiments, preferably, refer to Figure 1-2The reaction frame 2 is a gantry structure, and the reaction frame 2 includes a crossbeam 2-2 and two columns 2-1. The two columns 2-1 are respectively connected to the two ends of the top of the model box 1-1 and can move along the Y-axis direction. The crossbeam 2-2 spans the opening of the model box 1-1 and can be detachably fixedly connected to different parts of adjacent columns 2-1 to adjust the height of the crossbeam 2-2 relative to the model box 1-1. The first actuating loading unit is installed on the crossbeam 2-2 and can move along the length direction of the crossbeam 2-2. The crossbeam 2-2 is provided with a slideway opening for the first servo actuator 6-1 in the first actuating loading unit to pass through.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the crossbeam 2-2 includes two sub-crossbeams, which clamp the two columns 2-1 in the middle. The two ends of the two sub-crossbeams are detachably fixed on the side walls of the adjacent columns 2-1, and the gap between the two sub-crossbeams forms a slideway for the first actuator servo to pass through. In order to enable the crossbeam 2-2 to be adjusted up and down, a plurality of third connecting holes arranged vertically at equal intervals are provided on the front and rear side walls of the column 2-1, and a fourth connecting hole is provided at the end of the sub-crossbeam. The fourth connecting holes on the two sub-crossbeams are connected to the third connecting holes through the third connecting member 2-3 to achieve the purpose of detachable fixed connection between the crossbeam 2-2 and the column 2-1. Since a plurality of third connecting holes are provided on the column 2-1, the position of the crossbeam 2-2 can be adjusted up and down, so that the first servo actuator 6-1 can be adjusted up and down. Exemplarily, the third connecting member 2-3 may be a screw and a nut, and the screw passes through the third connecting hole and the fourth connecting holes on the two sub-crossbeams and then is connected with the nut to be locked, so as to realize the detachable fixed connection between the sub-crossbeam and the column 2-1. It should be noted that the above description of the fixing structure between the sub-crossbeam and the column 2-1 is only an example, and it can be flexibly set according to the actual situation without deviating from the basic principle of the present invention.

[0033] In a more specific embodiment, the two ends of the top of the model box 1-1 are respectively fixed with slide rails 2-5, and a slider 2-6 is slidably connected to the slide rails 2-5. The column 2-1 is fixed on the slider 2-6. The two ends of the top of the model box 1-1 are respectively provided with a plurality of first connection holes arranged along the Y-axis direction, and the slider 2-6 is provided with a second connection hole. The second connection hole is connected to the first connection hole through a fixing bolt 2-4 to lock the slider 2-6 on the model box 1-1. The movement of the reaction frame 2 is achieved by moving the slider 2-6 on the slide rail 2-5. After the movement is completed, the fixing bolts are connected to the first connection hole and the second connection hole to achieve the locking of the column 2-1.

[0034] In one embodiment, the first actuation loading unit includes a first servo actuator 6-1, a first locking mechanism and an extension rod 6-4. The first servo actuator 6-1 can be locked at different positions in the length direction of the beam 2-2 through the first locking mechanism. The output end of the first servo actuator 6-1 is connected to the first force sensor 6-2, the conversion flange 6-3 and the extension rod 6-4 in sequence. The first force sensor 6-2 is located below the beam 2-2.

[0035] The extension rod 6-4 is rigidly connected to the conversion flange 6-3 through the connection bolts 6-5 and the connection nuts. The top and bottom ends of the extension rod 6-4 are provided with connection flanges, so that the splicing function of multiple extension rods 6-4 can be realized through the connection bolts 6-5 and the connection nuts, so as to flexibly increase or decrease the loading distance to match the test position of the TLP shared anchor 13.

[0036] In the above embodiment, preferably, the first locking mechanism includes a first upper top plate 7-1, a first lower bottom plate 7-3 and a first connecting member, the first upper top plate 7-1 is placed on the top end of the beam 2-2, the first lower bottom plate 7-3 is arranged at the bottom end of the beam 2-2, the first servo actuator 6-1 is mounted on the first lower bottom plate 7-3, the first upper top plate 7-1 and the first lower bottom plate 7-3 are clamped on the beam 2-2 through the first connecting member to lock the first servo actuator 6-1. The first servo actuator 6-1 passes through the first top plate and is fixedly connected to the first lower bottom plate 7-3.

[0037] Specifically, the first connecting member includes a first screw rod 7-2 and a first nut. The first screw rod 7-2 is arranged between the first upper top plate 7-1 and the first lower bottom plate 7-3 on the outer side of the cross beam 2-2, and the end of the first screw rod 7-2 passes through the corresponding first upper top plate 7-1 and the first lower bottom plate 7-3. The first nut is connected to the end of the first screw rod to achieve the first upper top plate 7-1 and the first lower bottom plate 7-3 are clamped on the cross beam 2-2 together. Loosening the first nut, the first lower bottom plate 7-3 can drive the first servo actuator 6-1 to move along the length direction of the cross beam 2-2, and tightening the nut can achieve the locking function of the first servo actuator 6-1. The number of the first connecting members is flexibly set according to actual conditions.

[0038] In one embodiment, the loading mechanism includes a second actuating loading unit and a pulley system, wherein the second actuating loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the columns 2-1, the pulley system is mounted on the beam 2-2 and can move along the length direction of the beam 2-2, and the second actuating loading unit cooperates with the pulley system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the TLP shared anchor 13 at different points. The different points refer to different positions of the TLP shared anchor in the model box.

[0039] In the above embodiments, preferably, refer to Figure 3-4The second actuation loading unit includes a locking plate 11-1, at least three second servo actuators and a second force sensor 8-2. The locking plate 11-1 is detachably fixedly connected to the side wall of one of the columns 2-1. At least three second servo actuators are installed on the locking plate 11-1 at different heights and in parallel. The output end of the second servo actuator is connected to the second force sensor 8-2, the conversion joint 8-3 and the wire rope in sequence. The wire rope bypasses the pulley system and is connected to the TLP shared anchor 13. The third force sensor 8-4 is connected to the wire rope near the TLP shared anchor 13. At least three second servo actuators cooperate with the pulley system at the same time to apply multiple different loading angles and loading forces of different sizes to the TLP shared anchor through the wire rope.

[0040] Specifically, a third force sensor 8-4 is connected to the wire rope between the pulley system and the TLP shared anchor 13 to provide more accurate real-time recording of the wire rope tension. The number of the second servo actuators is at least three, simulating multiple loading points in actual situations, making the simulation more accurate. Figure 1 As shown, there are three second servo actuators, which are specifically named from high to low as the second upper servo actuator 8 - 1 , the second middle servo actuator 9 - 1 , and the second lower servo actuator 10 - 1 .

[0041] Exemplarily, the locking plate 11-1 is formed in an L shape, the second servo actuator is installed on one side wall of the locking plate 11-1, and the other side wall of the locking plate 11-1 is used for detachable fixed connection with the column 2-1. In the present application, the detachable fixed connection method between the locking plate 11-1 and the column 2-1 is not specifically limited. Exemplarily, a plurality of fifth connection holes are provided on the locking plate 11-1, and the fifth connection hole on the locking plate 11-1 is connected to the third connection hole on the column 2-1 through the fourth connection member 11-2 to realize the detachable fixed connection between the locking plate 11-1 and the column 2-1, and the fourth connection member 11-2 can be a screw and a nut.

[0042] In the above embodiments, preferably, refer to Figure 1-4 The pulley system includes a second locking mechanism, a vertical plate 12-3 and a pulley. The second locking mechanism is arranged on the cross beam 2-2. The vertical plate 12-3 can be locked at different positions at the bottom of the cross beam 2-2 through the second locking mechanism. The vertical plate 12-3 is equipped with pulleys with the same number and positions as the second servo actuators. The steel wire rope passes over the corresponding pulley and is connected to the TLP shared anchor 13. Each pulley is flush with the height position of the corresponding second servo actuator, so that the steel wire rope between the pulley and the conversion joint 8-3 is in a horizontal state. Figure 3As shown, the pulley corresponding to the second upper servo actuator 8-1 is called the upper pulley 12-4, the pulley corresponding to the second middle servo actuator 9-1 is called the middle pulley 12-5, and the pulley corresponding to the second lower servo actuator 10-1 is called the lower pulley.

[0043] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 , the projection center points of the pulleys on the vertical plate 12-3 are on the same oblique line. This ensures that the loading angles of the loading forces applied by at least three second servo actuators to the TLP shared anchor 13 through the steel wire ropes are consistent.

[0044] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The second locking mechanism includes a second upper top plate 12-1, a second lower bottom plate 12-7 and a second connecting member. The second upper top plate 12-1 is placed on the top of the beam 2-2, the second lower bottom plate 12-7 is arranged at the bottom of the beam 2-2, the vertical plate 12-3 is fixed to the bottom of the second lower bottom plate 12-7, and the second upper top plate 12-1 and the second lower bottom plate 12-7 are clamped on the beam 2-2 through the second connecting member to lock the vertical plate 12-3. The vertical plate 12-3 and the second lower bottom plate 12-7 are an integrated structure.

[0045] Specifically, the second connecting member includes a second screw rod 12-2 and a second nut. The second screw rod 12-2 is arranged between the second upper top plate 12-1 and the second lower bottom plate 12-7 on the outer side of the cross beam 2-2, and the end of the second screw rod 12-2 passes through the corresponding second upper top plate 12-1 and the second lower bottom plate 12-7. The second nut is connected to the end of the second screw rod to realize that the second upper top plate 12-1 and the second lower bottom plate 12-7 are clamped together on the cross beam 2-2. When the second nut is loosened, the second lower bottom plate 12-7 can drive the vertical plate 12-3 to move along the length direction of the cross beam 2-2, and tightening the nut realizes the locking function of the vertical plate 12-3. The number of the second connecting members is flexibly set according to the actual situation.

[0046] See also Figure 1 The present invention also includes an intelligent control system 14, and the first force sensor 6-2, the second force sensor 8-2, the third force sensor 8-4, the first servo actuator 6-1 and the second servo actuator are all connected to the intelligent control system 14, which is used to display and record the data collected by each sensor and control each actuator to operate according to a preset mode. The intelligent control system 14 can use a module commonly used in the art with the functions of data collection and controlling the operation of each operating component according to a set degree, such as a computer.

[0047] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a model test method for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, which is based on the model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to any one of the first aspects, and the model test method comprises: Assemble the model box and fill it with a crushed stone cushion layer and a soil bed; Place the TLP shared anchor at the test point in the model box, and align the TLP shared anchor by moving the reaction frame and the first actuation loading unit; Start the intelligent control system to control the first actuation loading unit to statically penetrate the TLP shared anchor to the test depth at a set loading speed, and collect relevant parameter data during the penetration process; Specifically, controlling the first servo actuator to statically penetrate the TLP shared anchor into the test depth according to a set loading speed; After the static pressure penetration is completed, the first actuation loading unit is controlled to be separated from the TLP shared anchor through the intelligent control system, and the reaction frame is moved again to align the second actuation loading unit with the TLP shared anchor, and then the pulley system is moved along the length direction of the beam to reach the set loading angle, and then the wire rope in the second actuation loading unit is passed around the pulley system to connect with the TLP shared anchor; The intelligent control system controls the first actuation loading unit to load the TLP shared anchor according to the set loading mode, and records the relevant parameter data during the loading process; the set loading mode includes the loading method and the corresponding loading parameters, which are selected according to the actual test conditions. It should be noted that the intelligent control system is started, the loading test is started, and the test data is recorded. The test should be stopped when the following situations occur: i) During the static loading test, the force or displacement changes abnormally; ii) The force value fed back by the force sensor is close to the full scale; iii) The movement of the actuator is close to the full scale; iv) During the dynamic loading process, the soil is obviously damaged, resulting in difficulty in force control.

[0048] After loading is completed, the connection with the TLP shared anchor is removed, and then the reaction frame is moved to align the first actuation loading unit with the TLP shared anchor, so that the TLP shared anchor can be pulled out through the first actuation loading unit. After the first servo actuator is aligned with the TLP shared anchor, the reaction frame is locked by fixing bolts, and the TLP shared anchor after the test is slowly pulled out by wire rope to prepare for the next test.

[0049] In this application, the TLP shared anchor is made of 304 seamless steel pipe, the material yield strength is 205MPa, and the elastic modulus is 210GPa. The outer diameter of the TLP shared anchor pile is 110mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, and the length is 1400mm. To avoid the influence of boundary effect, when the TLP shared anchor is in the initial position on the surface of the test soil bed, in the loading direction, the distance between the center of the pile and the boundary of the model box is not less than 550mm (5D, D is the outer diameter of the TLP shared anchor). The loading capacity of the 50kN servo actuator is 50kN, the stroke is 200mm, and the maximum linear speed is 100mm / s. The loading capacity of the 20kN servo actuator is 20kN, the stroke is 300mm, and the maximum linear speed is 100mm / s. Both the 50kN servo actuator and the 20kN servo actuator have high-precision displacement sensors with an accuracy of 0.001mm.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, characterized in that: It includes a model box, a reaction frame, a first actuation loading unit, and a loading mechanism. The top of the model box is open, and the model box is used to fill a soil bed to simulate a soil layer. The reaction frame is detachably connected to the top of the model box and can move along the Y-axis direction relative to the model box. The first actuation loading unit and the loading mechanism are both installed on the reaction frame. The first actuation loading unit is configured to be able to statically penetrate the TLP shared anchor into the model box according to the test depth, and the loading mechanism is configured to be able to apply different loading angles and loading forces of different sizes to the TLP shared anchor.

2. The model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction frame is a gantry structure, and the reaction frame includes a crossbeam and two columns. The two columns are respectively connected to the two ends of the top of the model box and can move along the Y-axis direction. The crossbeam spans the opening of the model box and can be detachably fixedly connected to different parts of adjacent columns to adjust the height of the crossbeam relative to the model box. The first actuating loading unit is installed on the crossbeam and can move along the length direction of the crossbeam.

3. The model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading mechanism includes a second actuating loading unit and a pulley system. The second actuating loading unit is detachably fixedly connected to one of the columns. The pulley system is installed on the beam and can move along the length direction of the beam. The second actuating loading unit cooperates with the pulley system to apply loading forces of different loading angles to the TLP shared anchor at different points.

4. The model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first actuation loading unit includes a first servo actuator, a first locking mechanism and an extension rod. The first servo actuator can be locked at different positions in the length direction of the beam through the first locking mechanism. The output end of the first servo actuator is connected to a first force sensor, a conversion flange and an extension rod in sequence. The first force sensor is located below the beam.

5. The model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crossbeam is provided with a slide opening for the first servo actuator to pass through, and the first locking mechanism includes a first upper top plate, a first lower bottom plate and a first connecting member, the first upper top plate is placed on the top end of the crossbeam, the first lower bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the crossbeam, the first servo actuator is mounted on the first lower bottom plate, and the first upper top plate and the first lower bottom plate are clamped on the crossbeam by a first connecting member to lock the first servo actuator.

6. The model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second actuation loading unit includes a locking plate, at least three second servo actuators and a second force sensor, wherein the locking plate is detachably fixedly connected to the side wall of one of the columns, and at least three second servo actuators are installed on the locking plate at different heights and in parallel, and the output end of the second servo actuator is sequentially connected to a second force sensor, a conversion joint and a steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope bypasses the pulley system and is connected to the TLP shared anchor, and a third force sensor is connected to the steel wire rope near the TLP shared anchor, and at least three second servo actuators cooperate with the pulley system at the same time to apply multiple different loading angles and loading forces of different sizes to the TLP shared anchor through the steel wire rope.

7. The model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulley system includes a second locking mechanism, a vertical plate and a pulley. The vertical plate can be locked at different positions in the length direction of the bottom of the beam through the second locking mechanism. The vertical plate is equipped with pulleys with the same number and corresponding positions as the second servo actuators. The wire rope passes around the corresponding pulley and is connected to the TLP shared anchor.

8. The model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second locking mechanism includes a second upper top plate, a second lower bottom plate and a second connecting piece, the second upper top plate is placed on the top end of the cross beam, the second lower bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the cross beam, the vertical plate is fixed to the bottom of the second lower bottom plate, and the second upper top plate and the second lower bottom plate are clamped on the cross beam by a second connecting piece to lock the vertical plate.

9. The model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the model box is provided with an entrance and an exit, and the front end of the model box is detachably fixedly connected with a baffle to block the entrance and the exit, and waterproof glue is smeared between the baffle and the front end of the model box.

10. A model test method for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading, based on the model test device for simulating TLP shared anchor penetration and loading according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that: The model experiment method comprises: Assembling the model box, and filling the model box with a crushed stone cushion layer and a soil bed; Placing the TLP shared anchor at a test point in the model box, and aligning the TLP shared anchor by moving the reaction frame and the first actuation loading unit; Control the first actuation loading unit to statically penetrate the TLP shared anchor to the test depth according to the set loading speed, and collect relevant parameter data during the penetration process; After the static pressure penetration is completed, the first actuation loading unit is controlled to be separated from the TLP shared anchor, and the reaction frame is moved again to align the second actuation loading unit with the TLP shared anchor, and then the pulley system is moved along the length direction of the beam to reach the set loading angle, and then the wire rope in the second actuation loading unit is passed around the pulley system to connect with the TLP shared anchor; Controlling the first actuation loading unit to load the TLP shared anchor according to a set loading mode, and recording relevant parameter data during the loading process; After loading is completed, the connection with the TLP shared anchor is removed, and then the reaction frame is moved to align the first actuation loading unit with the TLP shared anchor so that the TLP shared anchor can be pulled out by the first actuation loading unit.

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