Device and method for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil, and belongs to the technical field of soil detection.The detection device comprises a fixing frame, a hydraulic track is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, a controller and a heating air pump are fixedly connected to the fixing frame, and a hydraulic machine is slidably connected to the top of the hydraulic track; the output end of the hydraulic machine is fixedly connected with a first motor, the output end of the first motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with a drilling rod, the periphery of the drilling rod is fixedly sleeved with a sampling sleeve, a plurality of sampling cabins are formed in the sampling sleeve, and sampling assemblies and cleaning assemblies are arranged in the sampling cabins; the hydraulic machine, the heating air pump, the first motor, the sampling assembly and the cleaning assembly are all in signal connection with the controller. According to the device, multiple layers of samples are obtained in the same drilling sampling process through the sampling cabins and the sampling chambers, the comprehensiveness of soil detection is improved, the soil samples are pretreated by heating high-pressure gas, the sampling chambers are cleaned, the detection error is reduced, and the detection working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular is a detection device and a detection method for multiple new pollutants in soil. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the soil environment is facing the challenge of new pollutants. These pollutants not only persist in the environment, but also pose a serious threat to the ecosystem and human health. New pollutants mainly include perfluorinated compounds, environmental endocrine disruptors, antibiotics and microplastics, etc. Their sources are also diverse, and it is difficult to trace the source of pollution through traditional methods. In the current soil environmental governance, the detection of new pollutants presents urgency and complexity.

[0003] The existing method is to use a soil sampler fixed on the ground or on a carrier through a fixed frame to go deep into the soil for sampling, and then extract or separate the collected samples to obtain relatively pure pollutants, and use mass spectrometry, chromatography, spectroscopy and other detection technologies to detect and analyze the composition and ingredients of the pollutants. However, the existing soil sampling device can only take one sample at a time, and the timeliness and efficiency of sampling and detection are low, making it difficult to reflect the dynamic changes of the soil in a timely manner. In addition, many soil samplers are difficult to clean and wash thoroughly after use, which can easily lead to residues contaminating the next sampling, thereby interfering with the test results and making the data less comprehensive and accurate.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a detection device and a detection method for multiple new pollutants in the soil, which can simultaneously sample soil at different depths, automatically perform deep cleaning after sampling, pre-treat the collected soil samples, and improve the subsequent separation and detection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and a detection method for multiple new pollutants in soil. Through multiple sampling cabins and sampling chambers, multiple layers of samples can be obtained in the same drilling sampling process, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of soil detection. The soil samples are pretreated and the sampling chamber is cleaned by heating high-pressure gas, thereby reducing detection errors and improving detection efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a detection device for multiple new pollutants in soil, comprising a fixed frame, a hydraulic track is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, a controller is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame, and a heating air pump is fixedly connected to the other side, a hydraulic press is slidably connected to the top of the hydraulic track, a first motor is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic press, a drilling rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor parallel to the downward direction of the hydraulic track, a drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drilling rod, a sampling sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the drilling rod, a plurality of sampling chambers with the same spacing are opened on the sampling sleeve, and the hydraulic press, the heating air pump and the first motor are all connected to the controller signal;

[0007] The sampling cabins are all provided with radially symmetrical hatches, and the hatches are all provided with hatch doors. The sampling cabins are all provided with sampling components and cleaning components. The sampling components include a plurality of second motors fixedly connected to the two axial side walls of the sampling cabin. The second motors are respectively located on both sides of the drilling rod and the output shafts are all oriented toward the center of the sampling cabin. The output shafts of the second motors are all coaxially fixedly connected with opening and closing gears. The drilling rods are symmetrically rotatably sleeved with rotating gears located in the sampling cabin. The symmetrical rotating gears are respectively meshed with the opening and closing gears on both sides. The outer peripheries of the rotating gears close to the center of the corresponding sampling cabin are symmetrically fixedly connected with rotating arms, and the outer ends of the rotating arms are fixedly connected to the two axial side walls of the corresponding hatch door. The hatches are fixedly connected with concave sampling chambers, and the sampling chambers are provided with axial sampling through grooves on the side close to the rotating arms. The sampling through grooves are slidably matched with the corresponding hatch doors, and the second motors are connected to the controller signal.

[0008] The principle of the basic scheme is: the hydraulic press is started by the controller, and the hydraulic press drives the drilling rod to drill downward, while the first motor drives the drilling rod to rotate. When the drilling rod drills into different soil layers, the controller controls the corresponding second motor to start through the signal, drives the opening and closing gear to rotate, and then drives the hatch to open through the rotating gear and the rotating arm, and the soil sample enters the sampling chamber. After the sampling is completed, the hatch is closed, and the drilling rod and sampling sleeve are recovered. After the sampling is completed, the heating air pump provides heated high-pressure gas to pre-treat the soil sample (such as heating and crushing) and clean the sampling chamber to reduce detection errors.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. Through the cleverly designed multiple sampling cabins and sampling chambers, the present invention can easily obtain samples from different soil layers during the same drilling sampling process. This design not only avoids the tedious process of multiple drilling sampling in traditional methods, but also ensures the continuity and representativeness of soil samples, thereby greatly improving the comprehensiveness of soil testing. This is of great significance for accurately assessing the status of soil pollution and formulating effective control measures.

[0010] 2. The present invention introduces a mechanism of pre-treating soil samples and cleaning the sampling chamber by heating high-pressure gas. This innovative design not only helps to pre-heat and crush soil samples, improve the efficiency of soil sample separation and detection, but also effectively prevents the residue inside the sampling chamber from interfering with subsequent test results. Therefore, the present invention can significantly reduce detection errors and improve the accuracy and reliability of soil detection.

[0011] 3. Thanks to the introduction of automated control and intelligent management, the detection device of the present invention can achieve fast and accurate sampling and pretreatment processes. Through the precise control of the controller over key components such as the hydraulic press and motor, and the intelligent adjustment of the heating air pump, the present invention can complete the collection and pretreatment of a large number of soil samples in a short time. This not only saves manpower and time costs, but also improves the overall efficiency of the detection work.

[0012] 4. The detection device of the present invention adopts a modular design, and the various components have good compatibility and interchangeability. This means that the user can easily adjust the preset opening quantity and position of the sampling chamber according to actual needs. This design enables the detection device to adapt to changes in different soil types, pollution levels and detection requirements, enhancing its adaptability and flexibility.

[0013] 5. The successful development and application of this invention not only brings new technological breakthroughs and solutions to the field of soil pollution detection, but also promotes the innovation and development of related technologies. By continuously optimizing and improving the design and function of the detection device, we can further improve the accuracy and efficiency of soil detection and make greater contributions to environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0014] Furthermore, the cleaning component includes an air supply pipe, which is connected to the output end of the heating air pump. An air guide slip ring is slidably sleeved on the top of the sampling sleeve. An air guide cavity is opened in the air guide slip ring. The air guide cavity is slidably connected to symmetrical air guide half rings. The air guide half rings are closed to each other and fixedly connected to the sampling sleeve. Air guide holes are opened at the bottom of the air guide half rings. The air guide holes are connected to air guide pipes. The air guide pipes extend downward in parallel along the radial sides of the drilling rod and pass through the sampling sleeve and the sampling cabin. The side walls of the air guide pipes are connected to cleaning valves corresponding to the sampling chambers. The other ends of the cleaning valves are connected to a number of cleaning pipes. The top wall and the bottom wall of the sampling chamber are opened with a number of cleaning ports. The cleaning pipes are respectively connected to the cleaning ports on the same sampling chamber, and the cleaning valves are connected to the controller signals.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. The design of the cleaning component fully considers the cleaning problem of the sampling chamber after soil sample collection. The heated high-pressure gas provided by the heating air pump is combined with the air guide tube, air guide half ring, air guide hole, air guide tube, cleaning valve and cleaning tube to form an efficient cleaning system. After the sampling is completed, the system can quickly deliver the heated high-pressure gas to each sampling chamber to effectively remove the residue and prevent it from interfering with the subsequent test results. This efficient cleaning mechanism ensures the accuracy of the test results and improves the credibility of the test.

[0016] 2. The cleaning valve in the cleaning component is connected to the controller signal, so that the user can flexibly control the cleaning process according to actual needs. For example, the temperature, pressure and cleaning time of the cleaning gas can be adjusted according to factors such as the degree of contamination of the soil sample, the contamination status of the sampling room and the detection requirements. This flexible cleaning control mechanism enables the detection device to adapt to different detection requirements and improves its versatility and practicality.

[0017] 3. In the traditional soil testing process, the cleaning of the sampling chamber often needs to be done manually, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but may also introduce new pollution. The cleaning component in the present invention fully realizes automatic cleaning, reduces manual intervention, and improves the detection efficiency. At the same time, since the cleaning process is carried out under the action of heated high-pressure gas, it can also play a role in drying the sampling chamber, further reducing the influence of moisture and impurities on the detection results.

[0018] 4. The design of the cleaning component not only helps to keep the sampling chamber clean, but also reduces the wear and corrosion generated during the sampling process, thereby extending the service life of the entire detection device.

[0019] Furthermore, the cleaning component also includes opening and closing valves, which are respectively connected to the side walls of the air duct corresponding to the sampling chamber, and the other ends of the opening and closing valves are connected to a plurality of opening and closing pipes. A plurality of opening and closing openings away from the rotating arm are opened on the side wall of the hatch, and the opening and closing openings corresponding to the same sampling chamber are connected to the corresponding opening and closing pipes, and the opening and closing valves are connected to the controller signal.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the basic scheme is that the design of the opening and closing valve and its connected opening and closing pipe provides an additional cleaning channel for the sampling chamber. During the cleaning process, the controller can accurately control the opening and closing of the opening and closing valve, so that the heated high-pressure gas can enter the hatch position through the opening and closing pipe and clean the edge of the closed hatch, reducing the possible jamming when the hatch is closed, improving the smoothness and safety of the sampling process, and extending the opening and closing life of the hatch.

[0021] Furthermore, a sliding ring is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the air guide sliding ring, and an airtight groove corresponding to the sliding ring is opened on each of the air guide half rings. The sliding ring and the airtight groove are slidably matched and a liquid film is filled between the two to seal the sliding connection.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. The sliding fit between the sliding ring and the airtight groove, as well as the liquid film filled between the two, together constitute an efficient airtight system, ensuring that the rotation of the sampling sleeve will not affect the normal supply of heated high-pressure gas. The presence of the liquid film can not only effectively fill the tiny gaps during the sliding process to prevent the leakage of clean gas, but also reduce sliding friction and extend the service life of sliding parts. This design ensures the integrity of the clean gas during the gas guiding process and further improves the cleaning efficiency and effect.

[0023] 2. The close fit between the sliding ring and the airtight groove, coupled with the lubrication of the liquid film, makes the sliding connection between the air guide sliding ring and the air guide half ring more stable and smooth. This design not only reduces the wear and vibration caused by sliding friction, but also improves the stability of the overall structure and enhances the durability of the device. This is especially important for long-term and high-frequency soil detection tasks.

[0024] 3. The design of the sliding ring and the liquid film makes the maintenance between the air guide sliding ring and the air guide half ring easier. As a self-lubricating material, the liquid film can keep the sliding parts lubricated for a long time, reducing the need for regular lubrication and replacement of sliding parts. This not only simplifies the maintenance process, but also reduces maintenance costs.

[0025] Furthermore, the inner side walls of the sampling trough are paved with an elastic layer for slidingly cooperating with the cabin door and scraping off the dirt on the cabin door.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. The elastic layer laid on the inner wall of the sampling slot forms a tight sliding fit with the hatch. During the sampling process, when the hatch is opened, the elastic layer can slightly deform to follow the movement of the hatch, thereby reducing the friction and resistance between the hatch and the sampling slot, and improving the smoothness of sampling. This design effectively avoids the jamming phenomenon caused by excessive friction and ensures the stability and reliability of the sampling process.

[0027] 2. The elastic layer not only has a lubricating effect, but also can use its elastic restoring force to slightly scrape the door when it is opened and closed, thereby effectively removing the dirt and residue on the door. This design not only helps to keep the sampling room clean, but also reduces the detection error caused by residues, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0028] 3. The presence of the elastic layer reduces the direct friction between the door and the sampling slot, thereby reducing the risk of wear and corrosion. This design not only extends the service life of the sampling component, but also reduces the cost and time consumption caused by replacing the sampling component.

[0029] Furthermore, the cleaning ports are respectively oriented toward the inner wall and the hatch of the sampling chamber, and the cleaning ports on the top wall and the bottom wall are respectively oriented toward different left and right side walls of the sampling chamber.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are as follows: 1. The cleaning ports on the top and bottom walls of the sampling chamber include cleaning ports facing the proximal side wall of the sampling chamber and the distal side wall of the sampling chamber, and the cleaning ports on the top and bottom walls face the opposite side walls of the same sampling chamber. This design ensures that the heated high-pressure gas can fully cover every corner of the sampling chamber, including the proximal and distal areas that are difficult to clean. This achieves comprehensive removal of residues inside the sampling chamber, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0031] 2. The specific design of the cleaning port orientation makes the flow path of the heated high-pressure gas in the sampling chamber more reasonable. The gas enters from the cleaning port and forms an airflow cycle along the side wall of the sampling chamber. The gas-exhausted soil sample residue is finally discharged from the hatch. This design not only reduces gas waste and leakage, but also improves cleaning efficiency.

[0032] 3. The accumulation of residues inside the sampling chamber is one of the main causes of pollution and wear of the sampling chamber. By setting a specific orientation for the cleaning port, the present invention effectively reduces the accumulation of residues in the sampling chamber. The flow path of the heated high-pressure gas in the sampling chamber and the orientation of the cleaning port make it difficult for residues to stay and accumulate in the sampling chamber, thereby extending the service life of the sampling chamber.

[0033] Furthermore, the openings and closing openings near the top and bottom of the hatch face toward the top wall and bottom wall of the hatch respectively.

[0034] The basic solution has the following beneficial effects: the design of the opening facing the top and bottom walls of the hatch allows the heated high-pressure gas to more fully cover the hatch and its surrounding areas during the cleaning process. Especially when the hatch is closed, there may be some tiny gaps or dirt and residue attached to the edge of the hatch. By making the opening facing the top and bottom walls of the hatch, the heated high-pressure gas can more effectively flush these hard-to-reach areas, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the hatch and helping to reduce detection errors caused by hatch contamination.

[0035] Furthermore, arc-shaped guardrails are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixing frame, and the length of the gas pipe is greater than the length of the drilling rod.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. The arc-shaped guardrails on both sides of the fixed frame provide a safe operating environment for operators. When drilling and sampling, operators can stand outside the guardrail to operate, effectively preventing the risk of accidental touch due to improper operation or unexpected situations. At the same time, the guardrail can also prevent external objects or people from entering the operating area by mistake, ensuring the smooth progress of the drilling and sampling process.

[0037] 2. Due to the sufficient length of the gas pipeline, unnecessary interference with the drilling rod can be avoided during the drilling process. This reduces obstacles during the operation, allowing operators to focus more on drilling and sampling work and improve operating efficiency.

[0038] Furthermore, a thread is formed on the conical wall of the drill bit, a moisture sensor is arranged in the thread, and the moisture sensor is connected to the controller signal.

[0039] The benefits of the basic solution are: 1. The moisture sensor can monitor the moisture content of the soil that the drill bit contacts during the drilling process in real time. This is crucial for soil pollution detection because the moisture content of the soil directly affects the migration, transformation and bioavailability of pollutants. Through real-time monitoring, more accurate soil moisture data can be obtained, providing a scientific basis for subsequent pollution assessment and control.

[0040] 2. Based on the feedback from the moisture sensor, the controller can adjust the drilling sampling strategy in real time. For example, in soil layers with high moisture content, it may be necessary to increase the drilling depth or change the drilling speed to ensure that representative soil samples are obtained. This intelligent drilling sampling strategy helps to improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of soil testing.

[0041] 3. Moisture sensors can also help prevent some potential problems during drilling. For example, when the soil moisture content is too high, it may cause the drill rod to become clogged or the soil sample to be too sticky, affecting the sampling effect. By monitoring the moisture content in real time, these problems can be discovered and dealt with in a timely manner to ensure the smooth progress of drilling sampling.

[0042] A method for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1, sampling point selection: Use the random point method to select a soil sampling point with a solid foundation in the plot, arrive at the sampling point to erect a fixed frame, and set the sampling depth, sampling sample number and depth interval through the controller, preheat the heating air pump, and prepare for drilling sampling;

[0044] Step 2, adaptive drilling: The drilling rod and the sampling sleeve are drilled into the soil through the hydraulic press and the first motor. During the drilling process, the moisture sensor detects the change in moisture content of the soil layer. When the moisture content is detected to be higher than 85%, the controller controls the first motor to increase the speed to throw off the adhering soil; when the hydraulic press reaches the maximum working pressure, the drilling rod still cannot continue to drill, and the controller alarms to remind that the sampling point needs to be changed to avoid the rock layer;

[0045] Step 3, hatch sampling: When the drilling depth reaches the preset data, the depth at this time can be represented by the pressing length of the hydraulic press, the second motor opens the hatch to form a shovel-shaped edge, and continues to select the sampling sleeve to shovel the soil corresponding to the depth of the sampling chamber into the sampling chamber. After the sampling is completed, high-pressure gas is blown out through the closed hole to blow away the residue at the hatch and on the hatch, and the hatch is closed for sample recovery;

[0046] Step 4, sample recovery: recovering the drilling rod and the sampling sleeve by reverse operation of the hydraulic press and the first motor;

[0047] Step 5: Sample pretreatment: During the recovery of the sampling sleeve, high-pressure hot air is introduced into the soil sample in the sampling chamber through the cleaning port to pre-treat the soil sample by crushing and heating it in advance;

[0048] Step 6, cleaning of the sampling chamber: After the sampling sleeve is reset, the hatch is opened, and the staff takes out the soil samples in each sampling chamber and marks them for storage. After the samples are taken out, high-pressure gas is introduced into the sampling chamber through the cleaning port to blow out the remaining soil and liquid, clean the sampling chamber and the hatch, and close the hatch to prepare for the next soil sampling;

[0049] Step 7: Separation and detection of new pollutants in samples: Extract new pollutants from the pre-treated soil samples and select appropriate detection methods to detect the content and composition of new pollutants in the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of a device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a sampling cabin of a detection device for multiple new pollutants in soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 It is a top cross-sectional view of a sampling cabin of a detection device for multiple new pollutants in soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 It is a side cross-sectional view of an air guide slip ring of a detection device for multiple new pollutants in soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5Schematic diagram of a method for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. fixed frame; 2. hydraulic track; 3. drill bit; 4. moisture sensor; 5. sampling sleeve; 6. sampling cabin; 7. air guide slip ring; 8. first motor; 9. gas pipeline; 10. heating air pump; 11. hydraulic press; 12. controller; 13. drilling rod; 14. hatch; 15. sampling chamber; 16. second motor; 17. opening and closing gear; 18. rotating gear; 19. air guide pipe; 20. opening and closing valve; 21. opening and closing pipe; 22. sampling slot; 23. cleaning valve; 24. cleaning pipe; 25. rotating arm; 26. air guide half ring; 27. air guide cavity; 28. sliding ring; 29. ​​airtight groove; 30. cleaning port; 31. hatch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0057] Example 1

[0058] Basically as attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown: a detection device for multiple new pollutants in soil, including a fixed frame 1, a hydraulic track 2 is welded on the fixed frame 1, a controller 12 is welded on one side of the fixed frame 1, and a heating air pump 10 is welded on the other side. A hydraulic press 11 is slidably connected to the top of the hydraulic track 2, and a first motor 8 is welded to the output end of the hydraulic press 11. The first motor 8 is coaxially clamped and connected to a drilling rod 13 at the output end parallel to the downward direction of the hydraulic track 2, a drill bit 3 is welded to the bottom end of the drilling rod 13, a sampling sleeve 5 is welded to the outer periphery of the drilling rod 13, and a plurality of sampling chambers 6 with the same spacing are opened on the sampling sleeve 5. The hydraulic press 11, the heating air pump 10 and the first motor 8 are all connected to the controller 12 by signal.

[0059] like Figure 2As shown, the sampling cabin 6 is provided with a radially symmetrical hatch 31, a hatch 14 is provided in the hatch 31, a sampling assembly and a cleaning assembly are provided in the sampling cabin 6, the sampling assembly includes a plurality of second motors 16 welded to the two axial side walls of the sampling cabin 6, the second motors 16 are respectively located on both sides of the drilling rod 13 and the output shafts are all oriented toward the center of the sampling cabin 6, the output shafts of the second motors 16 are coaxially welded with an opening and closing gear 17, the drilling rods 13 are symmetrically rotatably sleeved with rotating gears 18 located in the sampling cabin 6, the symmetrical rotating gears 18 are respectively meshed with the opening and closing gears 17 on both sides, the outer periphery of the rotating gear 18 close to the central side of the corresponding sampling cabin 6 is symmetrically welded with a rotating arm 25, the outer ends of the rotating arms 25 are welded to the two axial side walls of the corresponding hatch 14, the hatch 31 is welded with a concave sampling chamber 15, the sampling chamber 15 is provided with an axial sampling groove 22 on one side close to the rotating arm 25, the sampling groove 22 is slidably matched with the corresponding hatch 14, and the second motors 16 are connected to the controller 12 signal. The inner walls of the sampling grooves 22 are paved with elastic layers for slidingly cooperating with the hatch 14 and scraping off the dirt on the hatch 14. Arc guardrails are welded on both sides of the fixing frame 1. The drill bit 3 has threads on its conical wall, and a moisture sensor 4 is installed in the threads. The moisture sensor 4 is connected to the controller 12 signal.

[0060] The specific implementation process is as follows: Traditional soil sampling devices can often only take one shallow soil sample at a time. If soil samples at different depths are to be taken, multiple extractions are required, which affects the timeliness of soil testing and the accuracy of detecting new pollutants in soil at different depths.

[0061] The present invention still uses the hydraulic press 11 and the first motor 8 to drive the drilling rod 13 and the sampling sleeve 5 to drill downward in parallel along the hydraulic track 2 on the fixed frame 1. The thread on the drill bit 3 at the bottom end of the drilling rod 13 can easily drill through the soil and drive the sampling sleeve 5 to penetrate into the soil layer. The moisture sensor 4 on the drill bit 3 can detect the soil moisture content at the drill bit 3 in real time. When the soil moisture content is detected to be high, it may be necessary to increase the rotation speed of the first motor 8 to reduce the adhesion of clay soil to the outer wall of the sampling sleeve 5, so as to avoid cross-contamination of the upper soil during sampling, thereby affecting the detection accuracy. The pressing depth of the hydraulic press 11 is the drilling depth of the drilling rod 13. When the drilling rod 13 and the sampling sleeve 5 reach the depth preset on the controller 12, according to the preset sampling interval, the second motor 16 in the multiple sampling chambers 6 of the corresponding depth is started, and the opening and closing gear 17 drives the rotating gear 18 to rotate. The rotating arm 25 on the rotating gear 18 pulls the symmetrical arc-shaped door 14 through the sampling groove 22 to retract into the sampling chamber 6, exposing the symmetrical sampling chamber 15. The door 14 slides over the elastic layer surface in the sampling groove 22 to scrape off the soil residue attached to the outer wall of the door 14 to prevent the residue from affecting the mechanical movement inside the sampling chamber 6, and the door 14 still exposes the tail of the sampling chamber 6 to form a shovel-shaped structure extending to the periphery. At the same time, the first motor 8 rotates the drilling rod 13 in the direction opposite to the shovel-shaped structure. The shovel-shaped structure can easily shovel the soil of the same depth as the periphery of the sampling chamber 6 into the sampling chamber 15, thereby improving the working efficiency and sampling accuracy during sampling.

[0062] After the sampling is completed, the second motor 16 reverses, extends the hatch 14 from the sampling slot 22, closes the sampling chamber 15, and restores the circular shape of the sampling sleeve 5. After the sampling is completed, the drilling rod 13 and the sampling sleeve 5 can be withdrawn from the soil by the hydraulic press 11 and the first motor 8. The closed hatch 14 prevents cross-contamination of the soil sample during withdrawal, thereby improving the safety and accuracy of sampling. After the hydraulic press 11 drives the drilling rod 13 and the sampling sleeve 5 to reset, the hatch 14 is opened again, and the staff can directly collect soil samples of multiple preset depths of soil layers from the sampling chamber 15, number them and save them, thereby reducing cumbersome sampling steps and improving the sampling and detection efficiency of new soil pollutants.

[0063] Soil samples collected at different depths were extracted using different methods to extract different types of new soil pollutants, and the content and composition of new pollutants in the soil samples were tested using corresponding testing methods. The specific methods are shown in Table 1:

[0064] Table 1. Extraction and detection methods of new soil pollutants

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Example 2

[0068] The difference from the above embodiment is that, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown: the cleaning component includes an air delivery pipe 9, the length of which is greater than the length of the drilling rod 13, the air delivery pipe 9 is connected to the output end of the heating air pump 10, the top of the sampling sleeve 5 is slidably sleeved with an air guide slip ring 7, and an air guide cavity 27 is opened in the air guide slip ring 7, and the air guide cavity 27 is slidably connected to a symmetrical air guide semi-ring 26, the air guide semi-rings 26 are closed to each other and welded to the sampling sleeve 5, the bottom of the air guide semi-ring 26 is opened with air guide holes, and the air guide holes are connected to the air guide pipe 19, the air guide pipe 19 extends downward in parallel along the radial sides of the drilling rod 13 and passes through the sampling sleeve 5 and the sampling cabin 6, the side walls of the air guide pipe 19 are connected to the cleaning valve 23 corresponding to the sampling chamber 15, and the other end of the cleaning valve 23 is connected to a plurality of cleaning pipes 24, the top wall and the bottom wall of the sampling chamber 15 are opened with a plurality of cleaning ports 30, the cleaning pipe 24 is respectively connected to the cleaning port 30 on the same sampling chamber 15, and the cleaning valve 23 is connected to the controller 12 signal. A sliding ring 28 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the air guide sliding ring 7, and an airtight groove 29 corresponding to the sliding ring 28 is opened on the air guide half ring 26. The sliding ring 28 and the airtight groove 29 are slidably matched and a liquid film is filled between the two to seal the sliding connection.

[0069] The cleaning component also includes an opening and closing valve 20, which is respectively connected to the side wall of the air duct 19 corresponding to the sampling chamber 15, and the other end of the opening and closing valve 20 is connected to a plurality of opening and closing pipes 21. A plurality of openings and closings away from the rotating arm 25 are opened on the side wall of the hatch 31. The openings and closings corresponding to the same sampling chamber 15 are connected to the corresponding opening and closing pipes 21, and the opening and closing valves 20 are connected to the controller 12 signal.

[0070] The cleaning openings 30 are respectively facing the inner wall of the sampling chamber 15 and the hatch 14, and the cleaning openings 30 on the top wall and the bottom wall are respectively facing the left and right side walls of the sampling chamber 15. The openings near the top and bottom of the hatch 31 are respectively facing the top wall and the bottom wall of the hatch 31.

[0071] The specific implementation process is as follows: Traditional soil sampling devices need to be completely cleaned manually after each sampling, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but may also cause soil residues to remain in the corners, affecting the accuracy of the next sampling and the test results. Therefore, it is necessary to add an automatic cleaning function to the soil sampling device.

[0072] The present invention utilizes a heating air pump 10 installed on a fixed frame 1 to pump in heated high-pressure gas, and the air supply pipe 9 is connected to the air guide cavity 27 on the air guide slip ring 7, the air guide slip ring 7 is slidably connected to the top of the sampling sleeve 5, and the air guide slip ring 7 is slidably connected to the air guide half ring 26 through the sliding connection between the sliding ring 28 and the airtight groove 29, and the liquid film between the sliding ring 28 and the airtight groove 29 can effectively prevent the gas from entering the air guide half ring 26 during the sliding process of the air guide slip ring 7, and this sliding airtightness is the key point for guiding the air for rotating parts such as the sampling sleeve 5, which means that even when the sampling sleeve 5 rotates, the air supply pipe 9 can stably introduce high-pressure gas to the air guide pipe 19 through the air guide slip ring 7 and the air guide half ring 26.

[0073] After the rotation sampling is completed, when the hatch 14 is about to be closed, the tail of the hatch 14 is close to the hatch 31. At this time, the controller 12 controls the opening and closing valve 20 to open, and introduces the high-pressure gas in the air duct 19 into the opening and closing pipe 21 and the side wall of the hatch 31, thereby blowing and cleaning the soil residue at the position of the hatch 31 and the tail of the hatch 14, thereby improving the safety of the closing of the hatch 14 and reducing accidents and mechanical wear.

[0074] During the process of recovering the drilling rod 13 and the sampling sleeve 5, the hatch 14 is closed and soil samples are stored in the sampling chamber 15. These soil samples may be cold and hard due to the depth and soil quality. At this time, the corresponding cleaning valve 23 can be opened by the controller 12, and high-pressure gas heated by the heating air pump 10 is ejected through the cleaning port 30 to crush and heat the soil samples without changing other physical and chemical properties of the soil samples, thereby reducing the impact on subsequent separation and detection of new pollutants and improving the efficiency of new soil pollutant detection.

[0075] like Figure 2 As shown, after the soil sample is collected from the sample chamber, the hatch 14 is not closed yet. The cleaning valve 23 and the opening and closing valve 20 are opened simultaneously by the controller 12, and the high-pressure gas is blown out from the cleaning port 30 and the opening and closing port at the same time. The cleaning ports 30 facing both sides in the axial direction can guide the high-pressure gas to the inside and outside of the sampling chamber 15, and the top cleaning port 30 and the bottom cleaning port 30 facing different directions can make the gas circulate in the sampling chamber 15, improve the cleaning effect of soil residues, and ensure the cleaning of every corner of the sampling chamber 15. The opening and closing ports close to the top wall and the bottom wall of the hatch 31 face the top wall and the bottom wall of the hatch 31 respectively, so that the soil residues are fully cleaned during the cleaning process, and the accuracy of the next soil sampling is improved. The whole process is automatically controlled by the controller 12, which saves manpower consumption and improves the cleaning efficiency of the sampling chamber 15.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] The difference from the above embodiment is that, as shown in the attached Figure 5As shown: A method for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil, comprising the following steps;

[0078] Step 1, sampling point selection: Use the random point distribution method to select a soil sampling point with a solid foundation in the plot, arrive at the sampling point and erect the fixed frame 1, and set the sampling depth, sampling sample quantity and depth interval through the controller 12, preheat the heating air pump 10, and prepare for drilling sampling;

[0079] Step 2, adaptive drilling: the drilling rod 13 and the sampling sleeve 5 are drilled into the soil by the hydraulic press 11 and the first motor 8. During the drilling process, the moisture sensor 4 detects the change in the moisture content of the soil layer. When the moisture content is detected to be higher than 85%, the controller 12 controls the first motor 8 to increase the speed to get rid of the adhering soil; when the hydraulic press 11 reaches the maximum working pressure, the drilling rod 13 still cannot continue to drill, and the controller 12 alarms to remind that the sampling point needs to be changed to avoid the rock layer;

[0080] Step 3, hatch sampling: when the drilling depth reaches the preset data, the depth at this time can be represented by the pressing length of the hydraulic press 11, the second motor 16 opens the hatch 14 to form a shovel-shaped edge, and continues to select the sampling sleeve 5 to shovel the soil corresponding to the depth of the sampling chamber 15 into the sampling chamber 15, and after the sampling is completed, high-pressure gas is blown out through the closed hole to blow away the residue at the hatch 31 and on the hatch 14, and the hatch 14 is closed to recover the sample;

[0081] Step 4, sample recovery: recover the drilling rod 13 and the sampling sleeve 5 by reverse operation of the hydraulic press 11 and the first motor 8;

[0082] Step 5: Sample pretreatment: During the recovery of the sampling sleeve 5, high-pressure hot air is introduced into the soil sample in the sampling chamber 15 through the cleaning port 30 to pre-treat the soil sample by crushing and heating it in advance;

[0083] Step 6, cleaning of the sampling chamber 15: After the sampling sleeve 5 is reset, the hatch 14 is opened, and the staff takes out the soil samples in each sampling chamber 15 and marks them for storage. After the samples are taken out, high-pressure gas is introduced into the sampling chamber 15 through the cleaning port 30 to blow out the remaining soil and liquid, clean the sampling chamber 15 and the hatch 14, and close the hatch 14 to prepare for the next soil sampling;

[0084] Step 7: Separation and detection of new pollutants in samples: Extract new pollutants from the pre-treated soil samples and select appropriate detection methods to detect the content and composition of new pollutants in the soil.

[0085] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0086] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil, comprising a fixing frame (1), characterized in that: A hydraulic track (2) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (1), a controller (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame (1), and a heating air pump (10) is fixedly connected to the other side. A hydraulic press (11) is slidably connected to the top of the hydraulic track (2), a first motor (8) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic press (11), a drilling rod (13) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (8) which is parallel to the hydraulic track (2) and faces downward, a drill bit (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drilling rod (13), a sampling sleeve (5) is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the drilling rod (13), and a plurality of sampling chambers (6) with the same spacing are opened on the sampling sleeve (5), and the hydraulic press (11), the heating air pump (10) and the first motor (8) are all connected to the controller (12) for signal transmission; The sampling cabin (6) is provided with a radially symmetrical hatch (31), and a hatch door (14) is provided in the hatch (31). The sampling cabin (6) is provided with a sampling assembly and a cleaning assembly. The sampling assembly includes a plurality of second motors (16) fixedly connected to the axial two side walls of the sampling cabin (6). The second motors (16) are respectively located on both sides of the drilling rod (13) and the output shafts are all oriented toward the center of the sampling cabin (6). The output shafts of the second motors (16) are coaxially fixedly connected with an opening and closing gear (17). The drilling rod (13) is symmetrically rotatably sleeved with a rotating gear (18) located in the sampling cabin (6). The symmetrical rotating The gears (18) are respectively meshed with the opening and closing gears (17) on both sides; the outer periphery of the rotating gear (18) close to the central side of the corresponding sampling cabin (6) is symmetrically fixedly connected with a rotating arm (25); the outer ends of the rotating arms (25) are fixedly connected to the axial side walls of the corresponding cabin door (14); the hatch (31) is fixedly connected with an inwardly concave sampling chamber (15); the sampling chamber (15) is provided with an axial sampling groove (22) on one side close to the rotating arm (25); the sampling groove (22) is slidably matched with the corresponding cabin door (14); and the second motor (16) is signal-connected to the controller (12).

2. The device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component comprises an air delivery pipe (9), the air delivery pipe (9) is connected to the output end of the heating air pump (10), the top end of the sampling sleeve (5) is slidably sleeved with an air guide ring (7), an air guide cavity (27) is opened in the air guide ring (7), the air guide cavity (27) is slidably connected to a symmetrical air guide half ring (26), the air guide half ring (26) is closed to each other and is fixedly connected to the sampling sleeve (5), the bottom of the air guide half ring (26) is opened with air guide holes, the air guide holes are connected to the air guide pipe (19), and the air guide pipe (19) is drilled along the bottom of the air guide half ring (26). The probe rod (13) extends downward in parallel on both radial sides and passes through the sampling sleeve (5) and the sampling chamber (6). The side walls of the air guide tube (19) are connected to the cleaning valve (23) corresponding to the sampling chamber (15). The other end of the cleaning valve (23) is connected to a plurality of cleaning pipes (24). The top wall and the bottom wall of the sampling chamber (15) are opened with a plurality of cleaning ports (30). The cleaning pipes (24) are respectively connected to the cleaning ports (30) on the same sampling chamber (15). The cleaning valves (23) are connected to the controller (12) by signal.

3. The device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component also includes an opening and closing valve (20), each of which is connected to the side wall of the air guide pipe (19) corresponding to the sampling chamber (15), and the other end of the opening and closing valve (20) is connected to a plurality of opening and closing pipes (21). A plurality of openings and closing ports away from the rotating arm (25) are formed on the side wall of the hatch (31), and the openings and closing ports corresponding to the same sampling chamber (15) are connected to the corresponding opening and closing pipes (21). The opening and closing valves (20) are connected to the controller (12) by signal.

4. The device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding ring (28) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the air guide sliding ring (7), and an airtight groove (29) corresponding to the sliding ring (28) is opened on each of the air guide half rings (26). The sliding ring (28) and the airtight groove (29) are slidably matched and a liquid film is filled between the two to seal the sliding connection.

5. The device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side walls of the sampling groove (22) are all paved with an elastic layer, which is used to slide with the cabin door (14) and scrape off the mud on the cabin door (14).

6. The device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning openings (30) are respectively oriented toward the inner wall of the sampling chamber (15) and the hatch (14), and the cleaning openings (30) on the top wall and the bottom wall are respectively oriented toward different left and right side walls of the sampling chamber (15).

7. The device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The openings and closing openings near the top and bottom of the hatch (31) are respectively facing the top wall and bottom wall of the hatch (31).

8. The device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arc-shaped guardrails are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed frame (1), and the length of the gas transmission pipe (9) is greater than the length of the drilling rod (13).

9. The device for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thread is formed on the conical wall of the drill bit (3), a moisture sensor (4) is arranged in the thread, and the moisture sensor (4) is connected to the controller (12) via a signal.

10. A method for detecting multiple new pollutants in soil, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, sampling point selection: Use the random point distribution method to select a soil sampling point with a solid foundation in the plot, arrive at the sampling point and erect the fixed frame (1), and set the sampling depth, sampling sample quantity and depth interval through the controller (12), preheat the heating air pump (10), and prepare for drilling sampling; Step 2, adaptive drilling: the drilling rod (13) and the sampling sleeve (5) are drilled into the soil by means of a hydraulic press (11) and a first motor (8). During the drilling process, the moisture sensor (4) detects the change in the moisture content of the soil layer. When the moisture content is detected to be higher than 85%, the controller (12) controls the first motor (8) to increase the rotation speed to shake off the adhering soil. When the hydraulic press (11) reaches the maximum working pressure, the drilling rod (13) is still unable to continue drilling, and the controller (12) issues an alarm to remind that the sampling point needs to be changed to avoid the rock layer. Step 3, hatch sampling: when the drilling depth reaches the preset data, the depth at this time can be represented by the pressing length of the hydraulic press (11), the second motor (16) opens the hatch (14) to form a shovel-shaped edge, and continues to select the sampling sleeve (5) to shovel the soil corresponding to the depth of the sampling chamber (15) into the sampling chamber (15), after the sampling is completed, the high-pressure gas is blown out through the closed hole to blow away the residue at the hatch (31) and on the hatch (14), and the hatch (14) is closed to recover the sample; Step 4, sample recovery: recovering the drilling rod (13) and the sampling sleeve (5) by reverse operation of the hydraulic press (11) and the first motor (8); Step 5, sample pretreatment: during the recovery process of the sampling sleeve (5), high-pressure hot air is introduced into the soil sample in the sampling chamber (15) through the cleaning port (30) to pre-treat the soil sample by crushing and heating it in advance; Step 6, cleaning the sampling chamber (15): After the sampling sleeve (5) is reset, the hatch (14) is opened, and the staff takes out the soil samples in each sampling chamber (15) and marks and stores them. After the samples are taken out, high-pressure gas is introduced into the sampling chamber (15) through the cleaning port (30) to blow out the remaining soil and liquid, clean the sampling chamber (15) and the hatch (14), and close the hatch (14) to prepare for the next soil sampling; Step 7: Separation and detection of new pollutants in samples: Extract new pollutants from the pre-treated soil samples and select appropriate detection methods to detect the content and composition of new pollutants in the soil.

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