Coast environment monitoring equipment based on wind energy friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention provides a coast environment monitoring device based on a wind energy friction nanometer generator, and the device comprises a wind energy-to-mechanical energy module which converts wind energy into mechanical energy through a windmill structure; the mechanical energy friction power generation module is used for driving the rotary friction nano generator to generate high-voltage alternating current; the electric energy storage and management module is used for reducing and rectifying the high-voltage alternating current and then supplying power to each application module; the STM32 main control module is used for coordinating each application module; the temperature and humidity sensing module is used for acquiring temperature and humidity data; the image acquisition module is used for acquiring image data; the Bluetooth transmission module is used for remotely transmitting data; and the storage module is used for storing data. The equipment adopts a friction power generation technology to improve the wind energy conversion efficiency, realizes intermittent self-power supply in combination with intelligent power supply management, aims to solve the problems of dependence on external power supply, frequent maintenance and low wind energy conversion efficiency of a traditional coast monitoring device, and has the advantages of low power consumption, high stability and real-time data return capability; and reliable support is provided for marine ecological protection and climate research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental energy collection and sensing, and in particular to a coastal environment monitoring device based on a wind energy friction nanogenerator. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, natural environment monitoring equipment has attracted attention due to its important role in ecological protection and climate change research. As global warming intensifies and the fragility of marine ecosystems becomes increasingly apparent, real-time monitoring of coastal environments is of great significance for protecting marine biodiversity, responding to climate change, and carrying out sustainable marine management.

[0003] Traditional coastal environmental monitoring equipment usually relies on batteries or external power supply, facing problems such as high energy consumption, frequent maintenance and limited operation cycle. In addition, due to the extremely complex climatic conditions of the coastal environment, such as wind speed, tidal changes and atmospheric humidity, conventional electric drive systems are difficult to provide stable energy support, thus affecting the long-term stability of the monitoring equipment and the continuity of the data collection cycle.

[0004] As a renewable and clean energy, wind energy has abundant resource advantages in coastal areas and is suitable as an energy source for coastal environmental monitoring equipment. Wind-driven monitoring equipment can significantly improve the independence and sustainability of equipment by effectively utilizing wind energy resources in coastal areas, reduce dependence on traditional power supply, and solve the problem that traditional equipment cannot continue to work in areas far away from the power grid.

[0005] At present, wind-driven coastal environmental monitoring equipment has gradually been applied in various fields, especially in meteorological monitoring, seawater quality testing and ecological protection. Although wind-driven technology has made some progress in coastal environmental monitoring, it still faces challenges such as large wind speed fluctuations, low power conversion efficiency and complex equipment maintenance. Therefore, how to optimize wind energy conversion efficiency and improve the stability and intelligence level of equipment is still the focus of current research. Summary of the invention

[0001] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0002] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a coastal environment monitoring device based on a wind-powered friction nanogenerator to solve the problems of traditional coastal monitoring devices relying on external power supply, frequent maintenance and low wind energy conversion efficiency.

[0003] (II) Technical solution

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the coastal environment monitoring equipment based on wind energy friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention includes: wind energy to mechanical energy module; mechanical energy friction power generation module; electric energy storage and management module; STM32 main control module; temperature and humidity sensor module; image acquisition module; Bluetooth transmission module; storage module. The wind energy to mechanical energy module, the mechanical energy friction power generation module and the subsequent modules are independent of each other and connected by wires; the electric energy storage and management module, the STM32 main control module, the temperature and humidity sensor module, the image acquisition module, the Bluetooth transmission module, and the storage module are placed on the same PCB board.

[0005] In the above scheme, the wind energy to mechanical energy module converts the coastal wind energy into the rotational mechanical energy of the fan;

[0006] In the above scheme, the mechanical energy friction power generation module converts the mechanical energy of the fan into usable low-voltage electrical energy through the friction nanogenerator and the step-down module;

[0007] In the above scheme, the power storage and management module stores the converted low-voltage electricity in the supercapacitor, and activates the power consumption module when the accumulation reaches a critical value;

[0008] In the above scheme, the temperature and humidity sensing module detects the temperature and humidity of the environment when it is activated by the power storage and management module;

[0009] In the above scheme, the image acquisition module takes a temperature image of the environment when it is activated by the power storage and management module;

[0010] In the above scheme, the storage module, when activated by the power storage and management module, saves the acquired temperature and humidity information and images to the SD card;

[0011] In the above scheme, the Bluetooth transmission module, when activated by the power storage and management module and receiving an external signal, sends an image most recently stored in the SD card to an external device (e.g., a mobile phone);

[0012] In the above solution, when the STM32 main control module is activated by the power storage and management module, it allocates hardware resources for controlling the temperature and humidity sensor module, image acquisition module, storage module and Bluetooth transmission module according to the preset logic.

[0013] (III) Beneficial effects

[0014] The coastal environment monitoring device based on wind energy friction nanogenerator provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] (1) The friction nanogenerator can efficiently convert low-frequency, irregular mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is suitable for low-frequency, disordered energy collection such as coastal wind energy. This device can effectively use tiny mechanical movements to generate electrical energy and improve energy conversion efficiency.

[0016] (2) This equipment can work stably in harsh coastal environments such as high humidity and high salt fog, which improves working stability and reduces the problem of frequent maintenance required for traditional equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the physical object of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wind energy to mechanical energy module;

[0019] Figure 3 The physical picture, structural schematic diagram and circuit diagram of the mechanical energy friction power generation module;

[0020] Figure 4 Circuit diagram for the module for storing and managing electric energy;

[0021] Figure 5 The circuit diagram and physical diagram of the temperature and humidity sensor module and the image acquisition module;

[0022] Figure 6 This is the output timing diagram of each pin of the temperature and humidity sensor module;

[0023] Figure 7 This is the output timing diagram of two important pins of the image acquisition module;

[0024] Figure 8 Circuit diagram and physical diagram of storage module and Bluetooth transmission module;

[0025] Fig. 9 The circuit diagram of the interface circuit between the STM32 main control module and the rest of the circuit;

[0026] Fig.10 This is a complete structural diagram of the design. Specific implementation methods

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "include" or "comprise" and the like used in the present invention mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The words "connect" or "connected" and the like are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. Example 1

[0030] The wind energy driven device based on frictional electric energy collection in this embodiment includes the following structures: Figure 1 :

[0031] Structure 1, wind energy to mechanical energy module, converts wind energy into mechanical energy, the structure is as follows Figure 2 ;

[0032] Structure 2, mechanical energy friction power generation module, converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, the structure is as follows Figure 3 ;

[0033] Structure 3, power storage and management module, stores and manages power, circuits such as Figure 4 ;

[0034] Structure 4, temperature and humidity sensor module, circuit as follows Figure 5 a, physical objects such as Figure 5 b;

[0035] Structure 5, image acquisition module, its interface circuit is as follows Figure 5 c. Physical objects such as Figure 5 d;

[0036] Structure 6, storage module, its interface circuit is as follows Figure 8 a, physical objects such as Figure 8 d and Figure 8 e;

[0037] Structure 7, Bluetooth transmission module, its interface circuit is as follows Figure 8 b, physical objects such as Figure 8 c;

[0038] Structure 8, STM32 main control module, its interface circuit with other parts of the circuit is as follows Fig. 9 .

[0039] In this embodiment, a windmill structure is selected to collect coastal wind energy, convert it into mechanical energy, and then use a rotary friction nanogenerator to convert the mechanical energy, use an electromagnetic induction transformer and a rectifier bridge to step down and rectify the converted electric energy, and then use a capacitor to store the rectified low-voltage electricity, and use a power management circuit to constrain and regularly release this part of the electric energy; when the power supply is in a discharge cycle, the STM32 main control module will control the temperature and humidity sensor module and the image acquisition module to monitor the environment, and save the monitoring data in the storage module; when the Bluetooth transmission module is connected to others, receives the sending signal, and forwards it to the STM32 main control module, the STM32 main control module will read the monitoring data from the storage module and transmit it back.

[0040] First, the structural design of the wind energy to mechanical energy module.

[0041] In this embodiment, a windmill structure is selected to collect coastal wind energy and convert it into mechanical energy.

[0042] In the module of converting wind energy into mechanical energy, a windmill structure is selected to collect coastal wind energy, such as Figure 2 As shown in a;

[0043] The windmill structure is divided into 4 parts: Figure 2 As shown in b:

[0044] ① The windmill blades are responsible for wind conduction. When the wind blows from the coast, they generate a force that is perpendicular to the blades and moves backwards.

[0045] ②It is a spring bearing combination, which is responsible for providing tension and reducing rotational resistance. The spring is welded to the inner ring of the bearing;

[0046] ③ is the rotating bracket, which is responsible for providing the rotating shaft for the windmill;

[0047] ④ is the column, which is responsible for supporting the rest of the windmill and is connected to the rotating bracket.

[0048] The four parts of the windmill are combined as follows Figure 2 As shown in c, the bearing outer rings of structures ① and ② are tightly connected by welding, the other end of the spring of ② is tightly connected to ③ by welding, and ③ is connected to ④ by an L-shaped bracket, and the L-shaped bracket is fixed by screws.

[0049] When the windmill structure is affected by coastal wind, the component force of the vertical windmill blades drives the combination of structures ① and ② to rotate with ③ as the axis, and at the same time compresses and rubs the mechanical energy friction power generation module fixed between ① and ② to generate electricity.

[0050] After the wind energy is converted into mechanical energy module, the structural design of the mechanical energy friction power generation module is carried out.

[0051] In this embodiment, a rotary friction nanogenerator is selected to convert the rotational mechanical energy converted and stored by the windmill structure into high-voltage AC power, and then an electromagnetic induction transformer and a rectifier bridge are selected to convert the high-voltage AC power produced by the friction nanogenerator into usable low-voltage DC power. Figure 3 As shown in a and 3b, Figure 3 a is the stator part, Figure 3 b is the rotor part.

[0052] The structure of the rotary friction nanogenerator is as follows Figure 3 c, the hierarchy from left to right is:

[0053] ① The rotor is made of copper (a positive electrostatic material) and consists of 120 spokes located in the same plane and evenly distributed around the circumference. The angle between each two spokes is 1.5°, and the central angle occupied by each spoke is also 1.5°. This design ensures the uniformity of the rotor distribution and can stably ionize during rotational friction.

[0054] ② The electrifying layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), has negative electrostatic properties, and can be stably separated from the positive charge layer of the rotor.

[0055] ③Electrode layer, made of copper. The enlarged picture of the electrode layer is as follows Figure 3 d. All electrodes A are connected to the side close to the shaft, and all electrodes B are connected near the outer edge of the electrode layer. The angle and width of the electrode AB need to be consistent with the rotor.

[0056] ④ For the base layer, you can choose a material with good insulation properties, wear resistance and mechanical strength (such as polyvinyl chloride, etc.).

[0057] The outer diameter of the rotary friction nanogenerator is 150 mm and the inner diameter is 30 mm.

[0058] When the rotating friction nanogenerator is pushed by the windmill structure, structures ① and ② rub against each other, making structure ① positively charged and structure ② negatively charged. Due to the law of charge conservation, the charges carried by structures ① and ② are equal and opposite. When the spoke of structure ① rotates to the top of electrode A in the electrode layer of structure ③, the positive charge carried by electrode A reaches the minimum and the positive charge carried by electrode B reaches the maximum. At this time, the output voltage of the generator is the minimum (negative value); and when the spoke of structure ① rotates to the top of electrode B in the electrode layer of structure ③, the positive charge carried by electrode A reaches the maximum and the positive charge carried by electrode B reaches the minimum. At this time, the output voltage of the friction nanogenerator reaches the maximum. In the process of the spoke of structure ① moving from the top of electrode A to the top of electrode B, electrode B continuously releases positive charge and electrode A absorbs positive charge, thus forming a current flowing from B to A, thus completing the conversion from mechanical energy to electrical energy.

[0059] Electromagnetic induction transformer and rectifier bridge circuit such as Figure 3 e. When the rotary friction nanogenerator outputs high-voltage AC through electrodes A and B, the AC is first stepped down to low-voltage AC by TR1, while the current increases. Then, it is rectified to low-voltage DC by the rectifier bridge composed of D1, D2, D3, and D4 and output from the DC+ and -DC pins.

[0060] After the mechanical energy friction power generation module, the electrical energy storage and management module is designed.

[0061] In this embodiment, capacitors are selected to store electrical energy, and a transistor is selected to design a power management circuit. The structure is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0062] The output terminals DC+ and -DC of the mechanical energy friction power generation module are connected to the corresponding pins of this module.

[0063] When low-voltage DC flows in from the DC+ interface, it will first flow into the supercapacitor C1 for storage. When the voltage across the capacitor is lower than 5.3V, the transistors Q1-Q5 in the circuit are all in the cut-off state. At this time, the voltage between the output OUT+ and OUT- is extremely small, almost 0, and the power supply enters the energy storage mode; when the electric energy stored in the supercapacitor C1 gradually increases, when the voltage across the capacitor reaches 5.4V, the voltage division on R1 reaches 1.36V, at this time, the transistors Q1 and Q3 are turned on, and Q4 and Q5 are turned on, among which Q4 and Q5 are turned on, causing the resistor R4 to be The short circuit causes the potential of Q1 to be pulled down to form a self-locking effect, which makes the transistor Q2 stably turned on and the power supply enters a stable discharge mode; as the supercapacitor C1 continues to discharge, the voltage across it gradually decreases. When the voltage across capacitor C1 drops to 4V, the base voltage of transistor Q4 drops below 1.12V and enters the amplification area. At this time, the current flowing through transistors Q4 and Q5 decreases rapidly, causing the base potential of Q1 to rise rapidly and enter the amplification area. The collector current decreases, accelerating Q4 to enter the cut-off state, releasing the circuit self-locking effect, and allowing the power supply to re-enter the energy storage mode.

[0064] Based on a charging current of 6mA, the appliance can be used once every 240 seconds of charging on average.

[0065] After the power storage and management module is the temperature and humidity sensing module.

[0066] In this embodiment, dht11 is selected as the temperature and humidity sensor, and the interface circuit is as follows Figure 5 As shown in a, the real object Figure 5 As shown in b.

[0067] When the temperature and humidity sensor module is activated by the power supply and receives the start signal from the STM32 main control module, dht11 will reply with a response signal and then output the temperature and humidity data. The data output timing of the temperature and humidity sensor module is as follows: Figure 6 As shown:

[0068] At t1: the STM32 master module sends a start signal, that is, pulls down the data line and keeps it for at least 18ms;

[0069] At t2: the STM32 master module pulls up the data line for 20 to 40 us and waits for the DHT11 to respond.

[0070] At t3: If the communication between STM32 and DHT11 is normal, DHT11 will pull down the data line for 40-50us as a response signal;

[0071] At t4: DHT11 pulls up the data line for 40 to 50 us, and is ready to start outputting data.

[0072] DHT11 outputs 5 bytes of data each time, and outputs from high to low: the first byte output is the humidity integer data, the second byte output is the humidity decimal data, the third byte output is the temperature integer data, the fourth byte output is the temperature decimal data, and the last byte output is the check byte. When the check byte is equal to the sum of the first four bytes, the data is considered correct.

[0073] After the temperature and humidity sensor module, there is the image acquisition module.

[0074] In this embodiment, the ov7670 camera with a fifo chip commonly used in the market is selected as the image sensing system, and its interface circuit is as follows: Figure 5 c, the real thing Figure 5 As shown in d.

[0075] Figure 5 The definition of each pin in c is as follows: SIO_C is the control clock of the SCCB interface, SIO_D is the serial data input and output of the SCCB interface; VSYNC, HREF, PCLK are frame synchronization signals, line synchronization signals and pixel clock signals, which are output signals; XCLCK is the main clock signal of ov7670, which is an input signal; D0-D7 are data output ports; RESTE is the reset port, PWDN is the power selection pin, STROBE is the photo flash control port, and the two are usually not considered; FIFO_RCK is the FIFO memory read clock control terminal, FIFO_WR_CTR is the FIFO write control terminal, FIFO_OE is the FIFO output control, FIFO_WRST is the FIFO write pointer service terminal, and FIFO_RRST is the FIFO read pointer reset terminal. After initialization is completed, most of the pins do not need to be controlled deliberately, and only pins FIFO_WRST, FIFO_WR_CTR, FIFO_RRST and FIFO_OE need to be paid attention to.

[0076] When the image acquisition module is activated by the power supply, it completes the initialization under the control of the STM32 main control module, and receives the start shooting signal, that is, FIFO_WR_CTR=1 and FIFO_WRST receives the "high-low-high" signal, the ov7670 with the fifo chip will start shooting the environment and then wait for the "return" signal.

[0077] When the image acquisition module receives the "return" signal, that is, FIFO_OE = 0 and FIFO_RRST receives the "high-low-high" signal, the image acquisition module will output the image data. The data output timing is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0078] When the "return" signal is received in the nth cycle, that is, OE is set to a low level, the image acquisition module will return the image data. When OE is set to a low level, the data will be transferred to the read register at the next rising edge (i.e., the n+1th cycle). Starting from the next rising edge, after TAC (access time), the data is output from the D7-D0 pins.

[0079] When data is output, OE should be set to low level. When OE is high level, the data output D7-D0 pins are in high impedance state.

[0080] In this embodiment, the image acquisition module is set to QVGA output format, the screen size is 320×240 pixels, the bit depth is 16 bits per pixel, and the format is RGB565. When outputting, the image outputs pixels row by row from the upper left to the lower right, and each pixel is output twice, first outputting the upper eight bits and then the lower eight bits.

[0081] After the image acquisition module is the storage module.

[0082] In this embodiment, a 2G capacity Micro SD card and TF-CARD H1.8 are selected as storage modules. The Micro SD card is used for data storage, and the TF-CARD H1.8 is used to connect the SD card and the STM32 main control module. The module interface circuit is as follows: Figure 8 a, physical objects such as Figure 8 d and Figure 8 As shown in e.

[0083] Figure 8The definition of each pin in a is as follows: 1 and 8 are NC pins, which are left floating; 2 is the CS pin, which is the chip select pin; 3 is the MOSI pin, which is the input pin of the module; 4 is VDD, which is the power pin and can be regarded as the positive pole; 5 is the clock pin, which is the reference clock during SPI communication; 6 is GND, which is also the power pin and can be regarded as the negative pole; 7 is the MISO pin, which is the output pin of the module; 9 is used as an indication signal, and the indicator light is on when the Micro SD card is inserted. Since only one Micro SD card pin CS is set low, it is only necessary to control the pins SCLK, MISO and MOSI when reading and writing information.

[0084] When the storage module is activated by power and initialized under the control of the STM32 main control module, it can perform read and write operations under the control of the STM32 main control module.

[0085] The minimum unit of Micro SD card write operation is a sector. The steps are as follows:

[0086] First, control the SCLK and MOSI pins to write the 18H (CMD24) or 19H (CMD25) command and the address of the sector to be written to the Micro SD.

[0087] Then use the same pin to write FEH (start flag) to the Micro SD, then write data equivalent to the MicroSD card sector size bit by bit (in this embodiment, 512 bytes), and finally write the end flag FFFFH (CRC check is not enabled).

[0088] Finally, switch the MISO pin to wait for the Micro SD to return 05H (data receiving flag) and wait for the data writing to be completed.

[0089] The minimum unit of Micro SD card reading operation is also a sector. The steps are as follows:

[0090] First, control the SCLK and MOSI pins to write the 11H (CMD17) or 12H (CMD18) command and the address of the sector to be read to the Micro SD card.

[0091] Then wait for the MISO pin of the Micro SD card to return the start mark (FEH). After returning the start mark, the Micro SD card will continue to return 512 bytes of data starting from the start address, and finally return a 2-byte end mark.

[0092] Of course, if you use 12H (CMD18) to start the read operation, you need to write 0CH (CMD12) to the MicroSD card through the MOSI pin to end the read operation.

[0093] Then explain the format of the command to write to Micro SD. The command to write to Micro SD consists of 6 bytes: the first two bits of the first byte are fixed to 01, the third to eighth bits are the command code, such as 18H (CMD24) mentioned above; then the second to fifth bytes are the parameters of the command, such as the "address of the sector to be written" mentioned above; the last byte is the check byte, because it is SPI mode, it can be directly set to FFH.

[0094] Finally, the STM32 main control module and the Micro SD card communicate in SPI mode.

[0095] After the storage module is the Bluetooth transmission module.

[0096] In this embodiment, BT05 is selected as the Bluetooth transmission module, and its interface circuit is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in b, the real object Figure 8 As shown in c.

[0097] Figure 8 The pins in b are defined as follows: EN is a programmable input and output interface and is not used normally; VCC and GND are the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply; RXD and TXD are data receiving and transmitting interfaces, respectively, used for data receiving and sending; STATE is the status output pin, which is high level when connected and low level otherwise.

[0098] When BT05 is activated by power and completed initialization under the control of STM32 main control module, data transmission and reception can be performed under the control of STM32 main control module. The specific description of data transmission and reception is as follows:

[0099] Data reception work: BT05 will send the received data to the STM32 main control module bit by bit in the form of ASCII code through the TXD pin, with the high bit in front and the low bit in the back.

[0100] Data transmission work: a byte is sent to BT05 bit by bit through the RXD pin with the high bit in front and the low bit in the back. BT05 will automatically encapsulate the received bytes into a Bluetooth data packet; if the Bluetooth is connected at this time, the data packet will be automatically sent out.

[0101] After the Bluetooth transmission module, there is the STM32 main control module.

[0102] In this embodiment, STM32F103RCT6 is selected as the STM32 main control module, and its connection circuit with other modules is as follows Fig. 9 .

[0103] When the STM32 main control module is activated by the power supply, it will be initialized according to the burning program, and initialize other modules under the control of the program, and periodically send a "start" signal to the temperature and humidity sensor module and the image acquisition module, and transmit the returned data to the storage module for storage. When the Bluetooth transmission module receives the Bluetooth data packet and sends the character "P" to the STM32 main control module, the STM32 main control module will broadcast the most recently taken BMP image in the form of a Bluetooth data packet.

[0104] The complete structure of the design is as follows Fig.10 shown.

[0105] In this embodiment, a windmill structure ( Fig.10 b structure ①), converts coastal wind energy into mechanical energy, and then uses a rotating friction nanogenerator ( Fig.10 b Structure ②) converts mechanical energy, uses electromagnetic induction transformer and rectifier bridge to step down and rectify the converted electric energy, then uses capacitor to store the rectified low voltage electricity, and uses power management circuit to constrain and release this part of electric energy regularly; when the power supply is in the discharge cycle, the STM32 main control module will control the temperature and humidity sensor module and image acquisition module to monitor the environment, and save the monitoring data in the storage module; when the Bluetooth transmission module connects with others, receives the transmission signal, and forwards it to the STM32 main control module, the STM32 main control module will read the monitoring data from the storage module and send it back. For the electrical part, except for the friction nanogenerator, the rest are integrated in Fig.10 The structure of c③.

Claims

1. A coastal environment monitoring device based on wind energy friction nanogenerator, characterized in that: include: The wind energy-to-mechanical energy module is composed of windmill blades, a spring bearing assembly, a rotating bracket and a column, and is used to convert coastal wind energy into rotating mechanical energy; The mechanical energy friction power generation module includes a rotary friction nanogenerator, an electromagnetic induction transformer and a rectifier bridge. The friction nanogenerator is composed of a metal rotor, a polymer electrification layer, a metal electrode layer and an insulating substrate layer, and is used to convert the rotational mechanical energy into high-voltage alternating current, and output low-voltage direct current after step-down rectification; An electric energy storage and management module, comprising a super capacitor and a power management circuit, wherein the power management circuit controls the charge and discharge cycle of the capacitor through a transistor and activates the power consumption module when the capacitor voltage reaches a threshold value; The temperature and humidity sensing module uses a temperature and humidity sensor to collect environmental temperature and humidity data; Image acquisition module, using a camera, outputs image data in multiple formats; A storage module, including a storage card and a multi-interface circuit, for storing temperature and humidity data and images; Bluetooth transmission module, based on Bluetooth chip, used to communicate with external devices and transmit data back; The STM32 main control module is used to coordinate the work of each module, including controlling data acquisition, storage and Bluetooth transmission, and activating each functional module during the capacitor discharge cycle.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotor of the rotary friction nanogenerator is composed of 20 to 120 evenly distributed copper spokes, each of which has a central angle of 1.5° to 18°. The electrode layer includes alternately distributed electrodes A and electrodes B, which generate periodic alternating current when rubbing against the rotor.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The power management circuit realizes the switching of charging and discharging modes through transistors Q1-Q5. When the capacitor voltage is greater than or equal to a certain voltage value, it enters the discharge mode, and when it is less than a certain voltage value, it switches back to the energy storage mode.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The image acquisition module controls the writing and reading of image data through pins, and the output format is a multi-type image with multiple pixels.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The storage module uses multiple protocols to communicate with the STM32 main control module. The read and write operations use 512 bytes as the minimum unit, and sector-level operations are implemented through commands.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that When receiving a specific signal, the Bluetooth transmission module triggers the STM32 main control module to send the most recently stored image to the external device via a Bluetooth data packet.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The windmill blades and the spring bearing assembly are connected by welding, and the rotating bracket is fixed on the column by screws to form a mechanical structure that can rotate stably.

8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The device adopts an intermittent power supply strategy and completes environmental data collection and storage once every specific second of charging on average.

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